IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTOMATIC

POWER SAVING SYSTEM

Shanthini E Dr.Jagadeeswari M
Assistant Professor (SI. G), Professor and Head,
Department of ECE Department of ECE
Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College
[email protected] [email protected]

Kavya S Pavinitha I Preethi V

UG Student, Department of ECE UG Student, Department of ECE UG Student, Department of ECE
Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Abstract -The Electricity price and demand for

power is predicted to increase exponentially in the I. INTRODUCTION
next several years. In fact, the world’s demand for
power is increasing faster than the demand can be Electricity is a necessary part of modern living.
met. Consequently, industries, homes, and Along with providing wholesome and secure
businesses are already taking power saving illumination throughout the day, it also cools down
measures to save money and to become more eco- dwellings on sweltering summer days in many nations
friendly. Majority of the time, when leaving a room, and warms them up throughout the winter in others. It
people forget to turn off the lights and fans which permits the utilization of electronic and electrical
lead to energy wastage. An automated power-saving appliances everywhere when the usage of electricity is
system is suggested as a solution to prevent this by required to ensure their appropriate operation. Even
using the concept of counter. Based on the number though hundreds of millions of people are daily
of persons inside the room, the lights and fans will connected to the power grid, most of them do not
be switched on and off automatically. The count will consider where their electricity comes from or how
be incremented by one every time when someone much it costs to create. The average amount of energy
enters the room. Similarly, the count will be used by a home in India depends on a variety of factors,
decremented by one when someone exits the room. including the scale of the property, the number of
Therefore, when the count is greater than or equal people, and the devices and technology being utilized.
to one, it indicates that there are some people inside According to the International Energy Agency, a
the room, so the light and fan will remain on. When residential building in India used 110 kilowatt hours of
the count decreases to zero, it indicates that there is electricity on a monthly average in 2019. Nevertheless,
no one inside the room, so all the lights and the fan because this is simply an average. Auditor and
will be turned off automatically. In addition to this, technological experts say that if we stop wasting
an android application is developed which provides electricity each month, we may save between 5 and
graphical comparison of the performance of the 10%. However, it is difficult to achieve because of
prototype and provide controlling of appliances human’s unpredictable state of actions. Hence, we
from the app. As a result, this prototype can cut provide a smart solution on reducing this power
down power wastage in spaces where people consumption.
frequently forget to turn off the appliances.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Keywords — Counter, entering – count increases,
leaving – count decreases, application, graphical The goal of energy conservation is to use less
comparison,appliances. energy and reduce unnecessary energy usage. [1] The
suggested paper aims to investigate an intelligent home
automation system (iHAS) that allows users to remotely
monitor house gear. With the help of a laptop, Android
smartphone, or tablet with internet access, you can
employ this system to explain how all your home offer a smart automation model that is intelligent and
appliances work together and control them. [2] In order can be used to buy and power household products from
to save power this system operates by limiting the anywhere in the world. This device is interactive and
energy used for appliances and loads like heaters, lights, focused on controlling other devices with voice
etc. The energy saved by limiting these loads is used by recognition and intelligence. [10] The smart home
the sensors used in this light and fan. This paper energy management system with remote monitoring
provides the concept that sensors saving energy for and cargo balancing is presented in this paper. A smart
itself. [3] Although a lot has been improved over the home energy management system is used to remotely or
years with the technologies utilised, which are primarily locally operate and monitor equipment. [11] The goal
based on Bluetooth, there is always room for adding of this research paper is to create a home automation
new technologies and configurations. With the use of a system using an ESP32 microcontroller that
smart surveillance system, a smart energy metre, and an implements the internet of things (IoT) using a Wi-Fi-
Internet of Things-based appliance control setup, this based interface that is interfaced with an Android app
paper tries to create a more complete home automation written in JavaScript that uses the HTTP request method
system. This model employs numerous cutting-edge to control the microcontroller. One can operate home
technologies in addition to being new in terms of the appliances with this IoT project from the convenience
functionalities included. [4] This study provides a of their smartphone, in addition to physical switches.
strategy for monitoring and controlling home [12] This system relies entirely on the scalability over
appliances using an IoT-based smart multi-plug that is pre available systems using ESP32s and allows the user
simple and easy to use. Through the smartphone Blynk to make their existing systems smarter. In addition to
framework, this smart multi-plug may be accessed, controlling the appliances with conventional switches,
watched over, and operated using a smartphone over it also enables the user to create routine or scheduled
Wi-Fi. [5] This project suggests a low-cost, hybrid tasks using smart assistants (Alexa, Google). This work
(local and remote), IoT-based home automation system has the ability to communicate wirelessly over Wi-Fi
that monitors and controls household appliances with other gadgets, personal assistants, and web
quickly and effectively through a user-friendly interface applications. [13] In this project, a hybrid (local and
using smartphones and/or laptops in order to address remote) and cost-effective IoT-based home automation
these restrictions. The project's objective is to use IoT system is proposed. It monitors and controls household
technology to build the design and manufacture of an appliances effectively and conveniently via a user-
existing smart home prototype. [6] This paper describes friendly interface using smartphones and/or computers.
the design of a low-cost smart home automation system The project's objective is to use IoT technology to
that uses an Android application and a MQTT broker enhance the concept and production of an existing smart
for automatic control features. The suggested system home model. This system utilizes the MQTT (MQ
helps and supports those with special needs, including Telemetry Transport) communication system to
the elderly and those with physical disabilities, in develop and display a smart home that includes various
becoming more independent and achieving a high smart devices used for home automation, such as smart
quality of life. The suggested method will let customers fans, smart lights, smart doors, fire sprinklers, etc., as
use an Android smartphone and a control circuit to well as various sensors. [14] This paper presents an idea
remotely operate home appliances. [7] A simulation- of home automation using speech recognition system
based system for home automation is presented in this using deep learning. In order to accomplish
research. The system is intended to be automated and this automation, low word error rate speech recognition
remotely managed through a cloud-based platform. The is combined with macros. The saved macros can be
suggested system gives the user control over their utilized, modified, or eliminated as needed. The macros
home's environment, including humidity, temperature, are used to employ a single trigger utterance to start one
and intrusion detection. For continuous monitoring, the or a series of computational processes. The prompted
system texts and emails notifications to the user's actions can be anything from turning on a room's lights
phone. [8] This paper involves a design for an Internet to other items. [15] This paper describes the
of Things (IoT)-based home automation system that can implementation of an interactive home automation
use an intuitive application to monitor and control the system, also referred to as a smart home system, that is
majority of conventional Malay household appliances. built on the Internet of Things (IoT) and uses Google
The proposed system is very adaptable since it connects Assistant. The suggested solution will let consumers
the controlled board and Wi-Fi module using Wi-Fi employ voice-based speech recognition using mobile
technology. This system uses four loads to regulate the devices and Google Assistant infrastructure to remotely
household appliances, and it features an intuitive user operate their home electrical appliances. [16] In this
interface that makes it simple for users to manage the paper, it is suggested that a user-friendly smart home
Malay home equipment online. [9] In this paper, they control system be created using instant messaging
software, which is currently used by the majority of
people. It allows users to operate home appliances,
which reduces the need to install numerous similar apps
on a single smart device. [17] This study used the ESP-
WROOM-32 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth module, the
ThingSpeak IoT platform, the Blynk iOS / Android
interface developer, IFTTT, and Google Assistant to
implement security-sensitive real-time in-home data
monitoring and control applications. Through the
mobile application and ThingSpeak platform, the
person using the house may instantaneously monitor
data such as temperature, humidity, illuminance, and
dew point through the sensors installed in various places
of the house. [18] The reconstruction uses a
microprocessor and dynamic wireless communication
modules, with a focus on voice commands. The aged
and disabled, especially those who live independently
and have a voice, are the suitable ones for this approach
since it is safe. The home-based computerization system
is intended to use voice commands to manage all
electrical and lighting functions in a home or
workplace. [19] In this paper, they have integrated the
operation of lights through the voice-controlled home
automation system using voice commands as an input
to the system, allowing users to turn on and off the lights
in their homes. The system primarily makes use of the Fig.1.Methodology
Raspberry Pi module, which also happens to be a crucial
part of how we implemented our smart lighting system.
It is made up of both hardware and software parts, and If the number of individuals inside the room is
its speech recognition module makes use of Natural zero, then the lights and fan will be turned off. If the
Language Processing (NLP) to understand voice number of individuals inside the room is greater than or
instructions and, as a result, may be used to control equal to one, the lights and fan will be turned on
lighting. [20] The primary goal of this paper is to automatically. The count will increase by one every
develop an intelligent, safe, and clever system that will time when someone enters the room. when the count is
automate the home environment using IoT devices. In equal to or greater than one, the lights and fan will be
the suggested home automation framework, this paper turned on. The count will decrease by one every time
provides a trustworthy, secure, and decentralized when someone leaves the room. when the count
method for identifying and verifying IoT devices. The becomes zero, the lights and fan will be turned off.
SVM classifier is used to divide the situation with the
devices into two classifications, for example, "ON" and Hence, this approach will be useful in case
"OFF". where people forget to turn off lights and fan when
leaving a room.

III. METHODOLODY
IV. SYSTEM DESIGN
There are several methods to automate the
process of power saving but still the accuracy is low.
Therefore, we have come with an idea that controls the The proposed system design can be divided into
frequently using appliances such as light and fan based software and hardware design parts.
on the number of people inside the room. This approach
will count the number of people entering or leaving the
room. Based on the count, the lights and fans will be A. HARDWARE DESIGN
turned on/ off automatically.
Considering the cost, we have kept minimum
hardware inclusion. The design of implementation of
real time automatic power saving system consists of
four main components namely ESP8266 Node C. ANDROID APP
MCU,16x2 LCD display, 5V relay and E18-D80NK IR
proximity sensor. The Node MCU is a low-cost An android application is developed to show the
microcontroller that is used to connect two or more units of power saved using the smart control. This app will
objects together. E18-D80NK IR sensor is a low-cost take the number of hours the appliances are turned on as an
IR proximity sensor that is used to detect obstacles in input and calculate the corresponding power consumed. The
the range of 4cm to 70 cm. Relay are electrically calculated power is then compared with a fixed value of
power taken, when the appliances are operated without smart
operated switches that open and close according to the control. Therefore, the difference between the fixed value of
input. Signal. Apart from this LCD plays the major role power and the calculated power will give the saved power in
in displaying the number of persons inside the room. units.
The conceptual diagram is shown is fig.3 where the This app can also use to control appliances like light
below components are included and fan by interfacing the Bluetooth module to the Node
MCU.
• Node MCU 1.Connect Bluetooth module with the MCU
2.Switch ON the power supply and open the android
• Relay
app in mobile phone
• E18d80NK IR proximity sensor 3.Scan for the Bluetooth device and pair with it
• 16X2 LCD 4.Send character ‘A’ to turn on appliances
• Power supply 5.Send character ‘B’ to turn off the appliances.
• Bulb and Fan
The purpose of the system is to reduce the wastage of energy
by controlling the appliances from app and the comparison
graph can be viewed which helps to know the performance of
the prototype.

Fig.2. Conceptual diagram

B. SOFTWARE DESIGN

While designing an approach or algorithm, we

have decided to develop the system only using open-
source tools and platforms. Here we have used Arduino
IDE as a platform.

The IDE is a text editor where the

programs/code for the microcontroller can be written
and execute. It connects to the ESP8266 hardware to
upload programs and communicate with them.

Fig.3.Flowchart of android app

 Fig.5.Position of E18-D80NK IR sensor at the door.

If the output sensor detects before the input IR sensor,

the count will be incremented to one. Similarity, if the
input sensor detects before output sensor, then the count
will be decremented to one. These counts will be
displayed in the 16X2 LCD display. Based on the count,
the lights and fan will be controlled.

If (count >=1)
//node send signal to relay to turn on lights
and fans
Else if(count==0)
//node send signal to relay to turn off lights and
fans

Fig.4.Controlling of appliances through app

V. IMPLEMENTATION
Fig.6.Cirucit Connection
The implementation of real time automatic
power saving system is been implemented in faulty
cabin. The connections of the components are shown in
Fig.4.
The two E18D80 NK IR proximity sensor will
be placed at the entry of the Cabin as shown below.
 Fig.8(c)

Fig.7.Implementation of power saving system Fig.9(a)

in faculty cabin.

VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The implementation of real time automatic

power saving system is been implemented in faulty
cabin. The result of the project is shown in below
figures.
Fig.9(b)

Fig.8(a) Fig.9(c)

The results of the project are attached according to the

output we have obtained by implementing the smart
control system in real time. Initially the fan and light are
turned off. The count is monitored by the smart control
system. When a person enters the room, the count gets
incremented by one and it is displayed in the LED
display. When the count is greater than one the light and
fan are turned on. The below graphs show how much
Fig.8(b) power is consumed per day with smart control system
and without smart control system and it can be
displayed in mobile phones through the developed app.
This app will be useful to view the amount of energy
saved per day.
Without Smart Control:
Power consumed by 75 Watts fan in 14 hours per day =
75*14 =1020 watts.
With Smart Control:
Power consumed by 75 watts fan in 12 hours
=75*12=900 watts.

GRAPH:

Fig.11.Prototype

VII. FUTURE SCOPE AND CONCLUSION

The proper detection of the two IR sensors is

Fig.10(a) gained by placing it in a sequential manner in order to
get exact counting. The increment and decrement
process are done perfectly according to the direction of
sensor activation. The lights and fan are accurately
controlled based on count.

This system can be developed to control for all

the other appliances and the can be developed further to
implement in all kind of places
Fig.10(b)

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