Faith, Feelings and Action

Understanding Islam through the Hadith of Jibrael

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Understanding Islam through the Hadith of Jibrael
• Importance of Hadith-e-Jibrael
• Also Known as Umm-us-Sunna
• Included In: Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Musnad Imam Ahmad, Jami‘ Tirmidhi,
Sahih al-Hakim, Arba‘een Imam Nawawi
• Narrated by: Umar Ibn Khattab, Abu Hurairah, Abdullah Ibn Umar, Abdullah Ibn
Abbas.

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 Hadith of Jibrael: Background/Introduction
َ‫ات َي ْوم إ ْذ َط َلع‬
َ ‫الل ُه َع َل ْيه َو َس ََّل َم َذ‬
َّ َّ َ َّ ُ َ َ ْ
‫ بينا نحن ِعن َد رسو ِل الل ِه صلى‬:‫ال‬ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َّ َ َ َّ َ ْ ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ
َ ‫اب ر ِض ي الله عنه ق‬ ‫عن عمر ب ِن الخط‬
َِ ٍ َّ ِ ِ
َ‫الس َفر َوََل َي ْعر ُف ُه ِم ََّنا َأ َح ٌد َحتى َجلس‬
َّ ‫الش ْعر ََل ُي ََرى َع َل ْيه َأ َث ُر‬
َِ
َّ َ َ
‫اب ش ِديد سو ِاد‬ُ َ َ
‫الثي‬
ِ ‫اض‬ َ َ ُ َ ٌ ُ َ َََْ
‫علينا رجل ش ِديد بي‬
ِ َ ْ َِ َ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫الل ُه َع َل ْيه َوسلم فأسند ُر ْك َب َت ْيه إ َلى ُر َْك َب َت ْيه َو َو‬ َّ َّ َ َّ َ
ْ‫َ َع ك َّف ْيه َعلى فَْيه‬ ‫ِإلى الن ِب ِي صلى‬
• Narrated by Umar (R.A): ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
While we were one day sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),
there appeared before us a man dressed in extremely white clothes and with very black
hair. No traces of journeying were visible on him, and none of us knew him. He sat down
close by the Prophet (peace be upon him), rested his knee against his thighs, and….

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 Hadith of Jibrael:
َ
The
َ َ َ
First
َ َ
Question
َ‫الله َو ُتقيم‬ َ
َّ ُ ُ َ َّ َ ُ َّ َ ُ َّ َّ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ْ ْ َ َ ْ ْ َ ْ ْ َ ُ َّ َ ُ َ َ َ َ
ِ ِ ‫شه َد أن ََل ِإله ِإَل الله وأن محمدَا رسول‬ َ ‫ أن ت‬:‫ " ِْلاسَل َم‬:‫ال‬َ ‫ يا محمد أخ ِبرِني ع ِن ِْلاسَل ِم ق‬:‫ال‬
َ ‫وق‬
ْ َّ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َّ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ َّ
َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ
." ‫الصَلة وتؤ ِتي الزكاة وتصوم رمضان وتحج البيت ِإ ِ َن اسَطعت ِإلي ِه س ِِيَل‬
• He said, "O Muhammad (S.A.W)! Inform me about Islam."

The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "Islam is that you should testify that
there is no god except Allah and that Muhammad is His Messenger, that you should
perform salah, pay the Zakah, fast during Ramadan, and perform Hajj to the House, if you
are able to do so."

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Hadith of Jibrael: The Second Question
ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َّ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ َ ُ َ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ
‫ «أن تؤ ِمن ِبالل ِ َه ومَل ِئك َِ ِه وكَ ِب ِه‬:‫ال‬
َ ‫ ق‬.َ‫ فأخ َِبرِني ع ِن ِْلايم ِان‬:‫ال‬
َ ‫ ق‬.‫ فع ِجبنا له يسأله ويص ِدق َه‬.َ‫ صدقت‬:‫ال‬ َ ‫ق‬
َ.‫ت‬ ْ ََ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ‫َ ُر‬
َ ‫ َقال صدق‬. »‫و س ِل ِه واليو ِم ْلا ِخ ِر وتؤ ِمن ِبالقد ِر خي ِر ِه وش ِر َِه‬
• The man said, "You have spoken truly." We were astonished at his questioning him (the
Messenger) and telling him that he was right, but he went on to say, "Inform me about
iman."
He (the Messenger of Allah) answered, "It is that you believe in Allah and His angels and
His Books and His Messengers and in the Last Day, and in qadar (fate), both in its good
and in its evil aspects." He said, "You have spoken truly."

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Hadith ofَ Jibrael: The Third Question
ُ َّ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َّ َ َ َ َّ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ ْ ََ َ َ
َ َ ُ َ ْ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ
َ ‫ «أن تعبد الله كأنك َتراه ف ِِن لم تكن تراه ف ِِنه ير‬:‫ال‬
. »َ‫ا‬ َ ْ َ ْ
َ ِ ‫ فأخ ِبرِني ع ِن ِْلاحس‬:‫ال‬
َ ‫ ق‬.‫ان‬ َ ‫ق‬
• Then he (the man) said, "Inform me about Ihsan." He (the Messenger of Allah)
answered, "It is that you should serve Allah as though you could see Him, for though
you cannot see Him yet (know that) He sees you."

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 Hadith
َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ of Jibrael:
َ
ْ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ
The Fourth
َ َ
َّ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ
Question
َ َ َ َ َّ َ ْ ْ ََ َ َ
‫ «أن‬:‫ال‬
َ ‫ ق‬.‫ فأخ ِبرِني عن أمار َِاتها‬:‫ال‬َ ‫ ق‬. »َ‫ «ما املسؤول عنها ِبأعلم ِمن السا ِئ ِل‬:‫ال‬
َ ‫ ق‬.‫ َفأخ ِبرِني ع ِن الساع ِ َة‬:‫ال‬
َ ‫ق‬
َ َ
ْ ُ ْ ‫َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َّ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ى ْ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َّ َ َ َ َ ُ َن‬
. »‫ان‬
َ ِ ‫ت ِلد ْلامة ربتها وأن تر الحفاة العراة العالة ِرعاء الش ِاء يَطاولو ِفي البني‬
• He said, "Inform me about the Hour." He (the Messenger of Allah) said, "About that, the one
questioned knows no more than the questioner." So he said, "Well, inform me about the
signs thereof." He said, "They are that the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress, that you
will see the barefooted, naked, destitute, the herdsmen of the sheep (competing with each
other) in raising lofty buildings.

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 Hadith َ of
َ ُ Jibrael
ُ َّ َ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ُ َّ ُ ْ ُ ُ َّ َ ْ َ ََُُ َ َ َ َّ ُ ًّ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َّ ُ َ َ
‫ «ف ِِنه‬:‫ال‬ َ ‫ «يا عمر أتد َِري م ِن السا ِئ َل» ؟ قل‬:‫ ثم انطلق فل ِبثت م ِليا ثم قال ِلي‬:‫ال‬
َ ‫ ق‬.‫ الله ورسوله أع َل َم‬:‫ت‬ َ ‫ق‬
َ ُ ُ َ َ
‫ رواه مسلم‬. »‫ِج ْب ِريل أتاكم يعلمكم دينك َم‬
ُ ُ َ ْ
• " Thereupon the man went of. I waited a while, and then he (the Messenger of Allah)
said, "O Umar, do you know who that questioner was?" I replied, "Allah and His Messenger
know better." He said, "That was Jibril (the Angel Gabriel). He came to teach you your
religion."

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 Three Disciplines in Islamic Sciences
Deen Ihsan Faith Islam

Controlling Feelings Thoughts Actions

Human Heart Mind Body

Spirit/Soul: The secret of the divine engine
for body, mind and heart

The purposes of
‫تزكية النفس‬ ‫معرفة هللا‬ ‫عمارة األرض‬
creation

Original ‫العقيدة‬
‫التزكية‬ ‫الفقه‬
sciences

What a Muslim can not afford ignorance

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Self: Character described as good or ugliness as a result of the body, mind and heart
Three Disciplines in Islamic Sciences
• Islam
• Ilm al-Fiqh, Islamic Law
• Iman
• Ilm al-Kalam, Ilm al-Aqa’id, Islamic Theology
• Ihsan
• Ilm al-Ihsan, Ilm al-Tasawwuf, Ilm al-Tazkiyya, Ilm al-Akhlaq,
Islamic Spirituality

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 Three Disciplines in Islamic Sciences
‫حديث أ ُ ِّم السنة‬
Ihsan Faith/Believs Islam
‫تزكية‬ ‫عقيدة‬ ‫فقه‬
‫ العبادات‬-1
Relationship with Allah 1. Concept of God The Faith System
‫ المعامالت‬-2
The Economic System
Self-Relation 2. Concept of Prophet ‫ المناكحات والمواريث‬-3
The Social System
‫األقضية والحدود والجنايات‬-4
Relationship with people 3. What we did not see
The Judicial System
‫الجهاد والسياسة الشرعية‬-5
Adjust /control the feelings Control the thoughts of The Political System
of the assignees (Heart) assignees (Mind)
Control the actions of assignees (Body)

‫تتحقق تزكية النفس‬ ‫تتحقق معرفة هللا‬ ‫تتحقق عمارة األرض‬ 11

The goals/purposes of creation
 Islam (Righteous Deeds)
• Shahada (Testimony of Faith)
• Salaat (Prayers)
• Zakat (Charity)
• Sawm (Fasting)
• Hajj (Pilgrimage)

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 The Pillars of Islam according to Hadith
Hadith in Bukhari and Muslim: Islam is based upon five (pillars):
1. To testify that there is no god but Allah (S.W.T) and that Muhammad (S.A.W) is the
messenger of Allah (S.W.T)
2. And to establish the daily prayers
3. And to give charity
4. And to fast in the month of Ramazan
5. And to perform pilgrimage to Ka‘ba

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 Iman (Authentic Beliefs)
• Belief in Allah (S.W.T)
• Belief in the Angels
• Belief in the Books
• Belief in the Messengers
• Belief in the Day of Judgment
• Belief in Taqdeer (Fate)

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 Belief in the Decree
• Two parts:

1. Allah (S.W.T) has the Knowledge of our actions.

2. Allah (S.W.T) is the creator of actions.

• Allah (S.W.T) creates the actions and human beings acquire them by exercising the
ability to choose.

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 Ihsan (Noble Feelings)
• Ihsan means beauty

• Tazkiyya means purification

• Ihsan includes:
• Adorning oneself with noble inner attributes like: Love for Allah (S.W.T) and His Prophet
(S.A.W), Sincerity, Humility, Modesty, Gratitude, Patience

• Leaving evil inner attributes like: Arrogance, Ingratitude, Immodesty

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 Ihsan (Noble Feelings)

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 Mention of Tazkiyya in the Qur’an

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Maqasid al-Nubuwwat: The Four Prophetic Missions
1. Tilawat al-Ayat (Conveying the Message of Revelation)

2. Taleem al-Kitab (Teaching the Book)

3. Taleem al-Hikmat (Teaching Wisdom)

4. Tazkiyya (Purification)

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 Prophetic Model of Tazkiyya
• Nasihat
• Good Counseling

• Suhbat
• Good Company

• The Inheritance of the Prophet (S.A.W) for this Ummah:

• Taleemat al-Nabi and Kayfiyyaat al-Nabi

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 Signs of the Day of Judgment

• A slave-girl will give birth to her mistress.

• Muslim conquests
• Widespread slavery
• Disobedience of the children

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 Signs of the Day of Judgment
• The poor and the destitute will build tall buildings
• Literal meaning: construction of tall buildings in Arab countries
• Incapable people will become rulers
• Conclusive statement:
• Social order will be destroyed

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