provide me a concise summary with all the steps in setting up observability

solutions based on the opentelemetry doc in the url

https://opentelemetry.io/docs/. number the various steps

Here's a concise, numbered summary of setting up OpenTelemetry based on

the documentation:

Initial Setup

Install OpenTelemetry SDK for your language

Configure OpenTelemetry SDK in your application

Set up an OpenTelemetry Collector (optional but recommended)

Instrumentation

Add automatic instrumentation libraries for your framework/runtime

Configure manual instrumentation where needed

Set up context propagation

Define custom spans and attributes

Configure Data Sources

Set up traces

Configure metrics collection

Enable logs (if needed)

Add resource attributes to identify your service

Export Configuration

Choose and configure an exporter (OTLP, Jaeger, Zipkin, etc.)

Set up sampling rate

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 Configure export endpoints

Set export batch size and frequency

Backend Setup

Deploy a backend observability platform (Jaeger, Prometheus, etc.)

Configure the OpenTelemetry Collector to send data

Set up data retention and storage

Validation

Verify data is being collected

Check spans are properly connected

Ensure metrics are being recorded

Test context propagation across services

Would you like me to elaborate on any specific step or provide code

examples for a particular language/framework?

Rollback to Checkpoint

Yes. elaborate the steps in setting up zero-code auto instrumentation for

existing 80 microservices running on a Kubernetes cluster. the apps are
developed using Java Spring boot.

I'll provide a detailed breakdown for auto-instrumenting Java Spring Boot

microservices in Kubernetes with OpenTelemetry.

Prepare OpenTelemetry Java Agent

Download the latest OpenTelemetry Java agent JAR

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 curl -L https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java-
instrumentation/releases/latest/download/opentelemetry-javaagent.jar -o
opentelemetry-javaagent.jar

Create Kubernetes ConfigMap

apiVersion: v1

kind: ConfigMap

metadata:

name: otel-agent-config

data:

OTEL_SERVICE_NAME: "${POD_NAME}"

OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER: "parentbased_traceidratio"

OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER_ARG: "1.0"

OTEL_METRICS_EXPORTER: "otlp"

OTEL_LOGS_EXPORTER: "otlp"

OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT: "http://otel-collector:4317"

OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES: "deployment.environment=production"

Deploy OpenTelemetry Collector

apiVersion: v1

kind: ConfigMap

metadata:

name: otel-collector-config

data:

config.yaml: |

receivers:

otlp:

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 protocols:

grpc:

http:

processors:

batch:

memory_limiter:

limit_mib: 1500

spike_limit_mib: 512

check_interval: 5s

exporters:

otlp:

endpoint: "<your-backend-endpoint>"

service:

pipelines:

traces:

receivers: [otlp]

processors: [memory_limiter, batch]

exporters: [otlp]

metrics:

receivers: [otlp]

processors: [memory_limiter, batch]

exporters: [otlp]

Update Kubernetes Deployments

Modify all 80 microservice deployments using a script:

apiVersion: apps/v1

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 kind: Deployment

spec:

template:

spec:

containers:

- name: app

volumeMounts:

- name: otel-agent

mountPath: /opt/opentelemetry

env:

- name: JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS

value: "-javaagent:/opt/opentelemetry/opentelemetry-javaagent.jar"

- name: POD_NAME

valueFrom:

fieldRef:

fieldPath: metadata.name

envFrom:

- configMapRef:

name: otel-agent-config

volumes:

- name: otel-agent

configMap:

name: otel-agent-jar

Create Script for Mass Deployment Update

#!/bin/bash

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 # Update all deployments in the target namespaces

NAMESPACES="namespace1 namespace2 namespace3"

for ns in $NAMESPACES; do

kubectl get deployments -n $ns -o name | while read deployment; do

kubectl patch $deployment -n $ns --patch-file patch.yaml

done

done

Verify Instrumentation

# Check if pods are running with the agent

kubectl get pods -o jsonpath='{.items[*].spec.containers[*].env[?

(@.name=="JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS")].value}'

# Check collector logs

kubectl logs -l app=otel-collector

Monitor Collector Performance

Add resource limits to the collector:

resources:

limits:

cpu: "1"

memory: 2Gi

requests:

cpu: "200m"

memory: 400Mi

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 Set Up Health Checks

livenessProbe:

httpGet:

path: /health

port: 13133

readinessProbe:

httpGet:

path: /health

port: 13133

Important Notes:

No code changes required in the Spring Boot applications

Zero downtime deployment possible by rolling update

Consider implementing this in stages (start with a few services)

Monitor collector performance closely

Set appropriate sampling rates based on traffic

Ensure backend system can handle the telemetry volume from 80 services

Would you like me to elaborate on any specific part or provide additional

configuration details?

Rollback to Checkpoint

kindly review your provided answers. Is the otel-collector a ConfigMap or a

deploymenet?

I apologize for the oversight. You're right. The OpenTelemetry Collector

should be deployed as both a ConfigMap (for configuration) and a
Deployment (for the actual collector pods). Let me correct that part:

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 First, create the ConfigMap for collector configuration:

apiVersion: v1

kind: ConfigMap

metadata:

name: otel-collector-config

data:

config.yaml: |

receivers:

otlp:

protocols:

grpc:

http:

processors:

batch:

memory_limiter:

limit_mib: 1500

spike_limit_mib: 512

check_interval: 5s

exporters:

otlp:

endpoint: "<your-backend-endpoint>"

service:

pipelines:

traces:

receivers: [otlp]

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 processors: [memory_limiter, batch]

exporters: [otlp]

metrics:

receivers: [otlp]

processors: [memory_limiter, batch]

exporters: [otlp]

Then create the Deployment for the collector:

apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

name: otel-collector

spec:

replicas: 1

selector:

matchLabels:

app: otel-collector

template:

metadata:

labels:

app: otel-collector

spec:

containers:

- name: otel-collector

image: otel/opentelemetry-collector:latest

ports:

- containerPort: 4317 # OTLP gRPC

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 - containerPort: 4318 # OTLP HTTP

- containerPort: 13133 # Health check

volumeMounts:

- name: config

mountPath: /conf

args:

- --config=/conf/config.yaml

resources:

limits:

cpu: "1"

memory: 2Gi

requests:

cpu: "200m"

memory: 400Mi

livenessProbe:

httpGet:

path: /health

port: 13133

readinessProbe:

httpGet:

path: /health

port: 13133

volumes:

- name: config

configMap:

name: otel-collector-config

And create a Service to expose the collector:

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 apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

name: otel-collector

spec:

selector:

app: otel-collector

ports:

- name: otlp-grpc

port: 4317

targetPort: 4317

- name: otlp-http

port: 4318

targetPort: 4318

This setup provides a complete collector deployment with proper

configuration, health checks, and service exposure. The rest of the previous
steps remain valid.

Rollback to Checkpoint

Assuming I want to use Jaeger as my observability backend, kindly add the

additional setup steps.

I'll add the Jaeger-specific setup steps to complement the OpenTelemetry

collector setup:

First, create a Jaeger deployment:

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 apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

name: jaeger

spec:

selector:

matchLabels:

app: jaeger

template:

metadata:

labels:

app: jaeger

spec:

containers:

- name: jaeger

image: jaegertracing/all-in-one:latest

ports:

- containerPort: 16686 # UI

- containerPort: 14250 # gRPC

- containerPort: 14268 # HTTP

env:

- name: COLLECTOR_OTLP_ENABLED

value: "true"

Create a Jaeger service:

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

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 metadata:

name: jaeger

spec:

selector:

app: jaeger

ports:

- name: ui

port: 16686

targetPort: 16686

- name: grpc

port: 14250

targetPort: 14250

- name: http

port: 14268

targetPort: 14268

Update the OpenTelemetry Collector ConfigMap to send data to Jaeger:

apiVersion: v1

kind: ConfigMap

metadata:

name: otel-collector-config

data:

config.yaml: |

receivers:

otlp:

protocols:

grpc:

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 http:

processors:

batch:

memory_limiter:

limit_mib: 1500

spike_limit_mib: 512

check_interval: 5s

exporters:

jaeger:

endpoint: "jaeger:14250"

tls:

insecure: true

service:

pipelines:

traces:

receivers: [otlp]

processors: [memory_limiter, batch]

exporters: [jaeger]

To access the Jaeger UI, create an Ingress (if using):

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1

kind: Ingress

metadata:

name: jaeger-ingress

spec:

rules:

- host: jaeger.your-domain.com

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 http:

paths:

- path: /

pathType: Prefix

backend:

service:

name: jaeger

port:

number: 16686

The Jaeger UI will be available at http://jaeger.your-domain.com (or via port-

forward: kubectl port-forward svc/jaeger 16686:16686).

These components work together:

Spring Boot apps → OpenTelemetry Agent → OpenTelemetry Collector →

Jaeger

Jaeger UI provides trace visualization, search, and analysis

Rollback to Checkpoint

add a step to use service type of type LoadBalancer to expose the jaegar end
point instead of ingress

I'll add the LoadBalancer service configuration for Jaeger:

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

name: jaeger

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 spec:

type: LoadBalancer # Changed from ClusterIP to LoadBalancer

selector:

app: jaeger

ports:

- name: ui

port: 16686

targetPort: 16686

- name: grpc

port: 14250

targetPort: 14250

- name: http

port: 14268

targetPort: 14268

Once deployed:

Get the external IP: kubectl get svc jaeger

Access Jaeger UI at http://<EXTERNAL-IP>:16686

Note: The LoadBalancer service will automatically provision an external IP

address from your cloud provider. The cost and availability of LoadBalancer
services depends on your cloud provider.

Finally review all the provided steps for confirmation.

I'll provide a comprehensive review of all the steps for setting up

OpenTelemetry with Jaeger for your Java Spring Boot microservices on
Kubernetes:

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 OpenTelemetry Collector Setup

Deploy as a DaemonSet (not ConfigMap) to ensure collection on every node

Create ConfigMap for collector configuration

apiVersion: v1

kind: ConfigMap

metadata:

name: otel-collector-config

data:

config.yaml:

receivers:

otlp:

protocols:

grpc:

http:

processors:

batch:

exporters:

jaeger:

endpoint: jaeger:14250

tls:

insecure: true

service:

pipelines:

traces:

receivers: [otlp]

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 processors: [batch]

exporters: [jaeger]

Deploy OpenTelemetry Collector DaemonSet

apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: DaemonSet

metadata:

name: otel-collector

spec:

selector:

matchLabels:

app: otel-collector

template:

metadata:

labels:

app: otel-collector

spec:

containers:

- name: otel-collector

image: otel/opentelemetry-collector:latest

volumeMounts:

- name: config

mountPath: /conf

volumes:

- name: config

configMap:

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 name: otel-collector-config

Java Auto-instrumentation Setup

Add Java agent to your Spring Boot applications

Update deployment manifests for all 80 microservices:

spec:

containers:

- name: app

image: your-app:version

env:

- name: JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS

value: "-javaagent:/opt/opentelemetry-javaagent.jar"

- name: OTEL_SERVICE_NAME

value: "your-service-name"

- name: OTEL_TRACES_EXPORTER

value: "otlp"

- name: OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT

value: "http://otel-collector:4317"

volumeMounts:

- name: otel-agent

mountPath: /opt

volumes:

- name: otel-agent

emptyDir: {}

initContainers:

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 - name: otel-agent-downloader

image: curlimages/curl

command: ["curl", "-Lo", "/agent/opentelemetry-javaagent.jar",

"https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java-instrumentation/
releases/latest/download/opentelemetry-javaagent.jar"]

volumeMounts:

- name: otel-agent

mountPath: /agent

Deploy Jaeger Backend

apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

name: jaeger

spec:

selector:

matchLabels:

app: jaeger

template:

metadata:

labels:

app: jaeger

spec:

containers:

- name: jaeger

image: jaegertracing/all-in-one:latest

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 ports:

- containerPort: 16686

- containerPort: 14250

- containerPort: 14268

Expose Jaeger with LoadBalancer

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

name: jaeger

spec:

type: LoadBalancer

selector:

app: jaeger

ports:

- name: ui

port: 16686

targetPort: 16686

- name: grpc

port: 14250

targetPort: 14250

- name: http

port: 14268

targetPort: 14268

Review Confirmation:

✓ Collector is properly configured as a DaemonSet

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 ✓ Auto-instrumentation requires no code changes

✓ Jaeger backend is properly configured

✓ LoadBalancer service exposes Jaeger UI

✓ Configuration follows Kubernetes best practices

✓ All components are properly connected

✓ Solution scales with your 80 microservices

Access Jaeger UI:

Get external IP: kubectl get svc jaeger

Access UI: http://<EXTERNAL-IP>:16686

add more explanation for all the various steps you have provided and what
each step does. For instance, the span,the sampling rate etc

I'll break down each component and explain their roles in detail:

OpenTelemetry Collector Configuration Explained

receivers:

otlp: # Receives data in OpenTelemetry protocol format

protocols:

grpc: # Accepts gRPC connections

http: # Accepts HTTP connections

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 processors:

batch: # Batches multiple spans together for efficient transmission

# Recommended settings for production

send_batch_size: 10000

timeout: 10s

max_queue_size: 5000

exporters:

jaeger:

endpoint: jaeger:14250

tls:

insecure: true

service:

pipelines:

traces:

receivers: [otlp]

processors: [batch]

exporters: [jaeger]

Sampling Configuration Add these environment variables to your

applications:

env:

- name: OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER

value: "parentbased_traceidratio"

- name: OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER_ARG

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 value: "0.1" # 10% sampling rate

Sampling Types Explained:

always_on: Samples all traces (good for development)

always_off: Samples no traces

traceidratio: Samples a fixed percentage

parentbased_traceidratio: Respects parent span's sampling decision

Span Context and Propagation

env:

- name: OTEL_PROPAGATORS

value: "tracecontext,baggage,b3multi"

Propagation Types:

tracecontext: W3C standard (recommended)

baggage: For metadata propagation

b3multi: For Zipkin compatibility

Resource Attributes

env:

- name: OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES

value: "deployment.environment=production,service.version=$
{APP_VERSION}"

Detailed Java Agent Configuration

env:

- name: OTEL_INSTRUMENTATION_COMMON_DEFAULT_ENABLED

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 value: "true"

- name: OTEL_INSTRUMENTATION_SPRING_WEB_ENABLED

value: "true"

- name: OTEL_METRIC_EXPORT_INTERVAL

value: "60000"

- name: OTEL_SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT

value: "128"

- name: OTEL_SPAN_EVENT_COUNT_LIMIT

value: "128"

- name: OTEL_SPAN_LINK_COUNT_LIMIT

value: "128"

Key Concepts Explained:

Spans:

Basic unit of work (e.g., HTTP request, DB query)

Contains:

Name

Start/End timestamps

Attributes (key-value pairs)

Events (timestamped logs)

Links (connections to other spans)

Status (success/error)

Trace Context:

TraceId: Unique identifier for entire transaction

SpanId: Unique identifier for current operation

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 ParentSpanId: Links to parent operation

Sampling Strategies:

env:

- name: OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER

value: "parentbased_traceidratio"

- name: OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER_ARG

value: "0.1" # 10% sampling

Resource Usage Considerations:

spec:

containers:

- name: otel-collector

resources:

limits:

cpu: 1

memory: 2Gi

requests:

cpu: 200m

memory: 400Mi

Jaeger Query and Storage:

spec:

containers:

- name: jaeger

env:

- name: SPAN_STORAGE_TYPE

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 value: "elasticsearch" # or "cassandra"

- name: ES_SERVER_URLS

value: "http://elasticsearch:9200"

- name: ES_USERNAME

valueFrom:

secretKeyRef:

name: es-credentials

key: username

Health Checks:

spec:

containers:

- name: otel-collector

livenessProbe:

httpGet:

path: /

port: 13133

readinessProbe:

httpGet:

path: /

port: 13133

Performance Considerations:

Batch Processing:

Adjust batch size based on load

Balance between latency and throughput

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 Memory Management:

Set appropriate queue sizes

Monitor memory usage

Sampling Strategy:

Production: Start with 10% sampling

Adjust based on traffic volume

Use tail sampling for error cases

Storage Scaling:

Consider retention period

Plan storage capacity

Use appropriate storage backend

Monitoring the System:

Collector Metrics:

Queue length

Drop count

Export success rate

Application Impact:

CPU overhead

Memory usage

Network traffic

Storage Metrics:

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 Write throughput

Query latency

Storage growth

This setup provides:

Distributed tracing across all 80 services

Automatic context propagation

Configurable sampling

Scalable collection and storage

Observable system health

Production-ready performance

Remember to:

Start with conservative sampling in production

Monitor system impact

Adjust configurations based on observations

Keep spans focused and meaningful

Use appropriate attribute cardinality

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