Sheet 8 :Integration by parts

If u and v are any two differentiable functions of a single variable x, then

∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑢

If we consider u(x) as the first function and v(x) as the second function, then this formula may be
pronounced as:
“The integral of the product of two functions = (first function) × (integral of the second function) –
Integral of [(differential coefficient of the first function) × (integral of the second function)]”.

ILATE Rule: ILATE rule is the most helpful rule used in integration by parts. This rule is used to
decide which function is to be chosen as the first function 𝑢(𝑥) when the integration is done by parts.

ILATE stands for:

I: Inverse trigonometric functions : arctan x, arcsec x, arcsin x etc.

L: Logarithmic functions : ln x, 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 (𝑥), etc.

A: Algebraic functions.

T: Trigonometric functions, such as sin x, cos x, tan x etc.

E: Exponential functions.

Rules: Integration by parts can be used to produce the following rules.

1
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + ln (𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥)) + 𝑐
2

𝑒𝛼 𝑥
∫ 𝑒 𝛼 𝑥 sin(𝛽𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = (𝛼 sin(𝛽𝑥) − 𝛽 cos(𝛽𝑥)) + 𝑐
𝛼 2 + 𝛽2

𝑒𝛼 𝑥
∫ 𝑒 𝛼 𝑥 cos(𝛽𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = (𝛼 cos(𝛽𝑥) + 𝛽 sin(𝛽𝑥)) + 𝑐
𝛼 2 + 𝛽2

The reduction formula, which will be studied in the upcoming course, math2, is established by using
integration by parts.
 Lecture examples:
Evaluate the following integrals:
𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥
(1) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 (2) ∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 2 +1

𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥
(3) ∫ √1−𝑥2 𝑑𝑥 (4) ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑙𝑛𝑥 2
(5) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 (6) ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥2 𝑥

𝑙𝑛2 𝑥 𝑙𝑛𝑥 2
(7) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 (8) ∫( ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 √𝑥

x ln (𝑥 2 +9)
(9) ∫ ln (𝑥 2 + 9) 𝑑𝑥 (10) ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 2 +9

(11) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (12) ∫ 𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥

2
(13) ∫ 𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (14) ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 +8𝑥+9
(15) ∫ 𝑒 3𝑥 (3𝑥 + 4) 𝑑𝑥 (16) ∫ 𝑒 (3𝑥+4) (3𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 9) 𝑑𝑥
2
(17) ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (18) ∫ 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛(4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(19) ∫ 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛(4𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 (20) ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛(4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(21) ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛(4𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 (22) ∫ 𝑥 sec (4𝑥 2 )𝑡𝑎𝑛 (4𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥

(23) ∫ 𝑥 sec (4𝑥)𝑡𝑎𝑛 (4𝑥)𝑑𝑥 (24) ∫ sec (4𝑥)𝑡𝑎𝑛 (4𝑥)𝑑𝑥

𝑥
(25) ∫ 𝑥 sec 2 (4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (26) ∫ 1−𝑠𝑖𝑛2(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(27) ∫ e𝑥 sin (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (28) ∫ e𝑥 sin (e𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥

sin (𝑙𝑛𝑥)
(29) ∫ sin (𝑙𝑛𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (30) ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥

(31) ∫ cotx ln (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (32) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (2𝑥)𝑑𝑥

(33) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (2𝑥) tan (2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (34) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑥) tan2 (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(35)∫ ln4 (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (36) ∫ (sin−1 (𝑥))4 𝑑𝑥

4
(sin−1 (𝑥))
(37) ∫ √1−𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 (38) ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥

(39) ∫(2𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 2 + 3𝑥)4 𝑑𝑥 (40) ∫(𝑥 2 + 3𝑥)(2𝑥 + 3)4 𝑑𝑥

2
 Tutorial problems:
Evaluate the following integrals:
𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3𝑥
(1) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 (2) ∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥
9𝑥 2 +1

𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 4𝑥
(3) ∫ √1−16𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 (4) ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑙𝑛𝑥
(5) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 (6) ∫ 𝑥 4 𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑥4

𝑙𝑛4 𝑥 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 4
(7) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 (8) ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑥

x ln (𝑥 2 +1)
(9) ∫ ln (𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 (10) ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 2 +1

(11) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (12) ∫ 𝑥 𝑒 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥

2
(13) ∫ 𝑥 𝑒 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (14) ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑒 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 +5𝑥+9
(15) ∫ 𝑒 5𝑥 (2𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 (16) ∫ 𝑒 (2𝑥+1) (5𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 9) 𝑑𝑥
2
(17) ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑒 −3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (18) ∫ 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(5𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(19) ∫ 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(5𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 (20) ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(5𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(21) ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛(5𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 (22) ∫ 𝑥 sec (4𝑥 2 )𝑡𝑎𝑛 (4𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥

(23) ∫ 𝑥 csc (4𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑡 (4𝑥)𝑑𝑥 (24) ∫ csc (4𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑡 (4𝑥)𝑑𝑥

𝑥
(25) ∫ 𝑥 csc 2 (4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (26) ∫ 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠2(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(27) ∫ e𝑥 cos (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (28) ∫ e𝑥 cos (e𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥

cos (𝑙𝑛𝑥)
(29) ∫ cos(𝑙𝑛𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (30) ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥
1
(31) ∫ tanx ln (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (32) ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3(4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(33) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (𝑥) tan (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (34) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐(2𝑥) tan2 (2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(35)∫ ln3 (4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (36) ∫ (cos−1 (3𝑥))4 𝑑𝑥

4
(sin−1 (3𝑥))
(37) ∫ √1−9𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 (38) ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥

(39) ∫(2𝑥 + 3)(2𝑥 2 + 6𝑥)4 𝑑𝑥 (40) ∫(2𝑥 2 + 6𝑥)(2𝑥 + 3)4 𝑑𝑥

3
 Homework problems:
Evaluate the following integrals:
1 (𝑙𝑛𝑥)2
(1)∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (2) ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥3
3
(3) ∫ 𝑥 2 cos (3𝑥 + 4) 𝑑𝑥 (4) ∫ √𝑥 3 𝑙𝑛( √𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
(5) ∫ (3𝑥 + 4)cos (3𝑥 2 + 8x + 5) 𝑑𝑥 (6) ∫(𝑙𝑛𝑥)2 𝑑𝑥
(7) ∫ 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (8) ∫ 4𝑥 cos (2 − 3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑥
(9) ∫ 𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (10) ∫ cos(𝑥) ln (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

ln (𝑥 𝑒 4𝑙𝑛𝑥 )
(11) ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ−1 (4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (12) ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥

(13) ∫ sinh (2𝑥) 𝑒 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (14) ∫(4𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 3) 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥

(15) ∫ 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐(2𝑥)tan (2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (16) ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

2
(17) ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑒 −3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (18) ∫ 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(5𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(19) ∫ 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥/4) 𝑑𝑥 (20) ∫(2 − 5𝑥) 𝑒 𝑥/3 𝑑𝑥

5
(21) ∫ 6 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (22) ∫ 𝑥 3 sec (4𝑥 2 )𝑡𝑎𝑛 (4𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥

(23) ∫ 𝑥 7 sin (2𝑥 4 ) 𝑑𝑥 (24) ∫ 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑥/4)𝑑𝑥

𝑠𝑒𝑐 5 (2𝑥) 𝑥3
(25) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 (26) ∫ √1+𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
1+tan2 (2𝑥)

2𝑥
(27) ∫ 𝑥√𝑥 − 1 𝑑𝑥 (28) ∫ (𝑥−5)3 𝑑𝑥

(29) ∫ 𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (30) ∫ log 6 (𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

tanx 1
(31) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 (32) ∫ 𝑑𝑥
ln (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) x ln (𝑥)

𝑥 𝑒𝑥
(33) ∫ (1+𝑥)2 𝑑𝑥 (34) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐(2𝑥) tan2 (2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

1 2
(35)∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 3 ) 𝑑𝑥 (36) ∫ x cos 2 (3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

(37) ∫(𝑥 + sin2 (𝑥))2 𝑑𝑥 (38) ∫(𝑥 + sin2 (𝑥))2 (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥)𝑑𝑥

(39) ∫ 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛(3𝑥)cos (2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 (40) ∫ 𝑥 sin2(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥