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Crim 4 Midterm

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Crim 4 Midterm

Uploaded by

pogilouis48
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Crim 4

PROFESSIONAL POLICE PRINCIPLES

1. Prevention of Crime and Disorder

2. Cooperation of the Community

3. Unreasonable force reduces Community Cooperation

4. Use of reasonable Force when Persuasion is not Sufficient

5. Impartial Enforcement of Laws

6. The community are the Police’s superiors. the police at all times should maintain relationship

with the community that gives reality to the historic tradition that the community are the police

the police are the only members of the community who are paid to give full time attention to

maintain peace and order which are incumbent on every citizen in the interest of community

welfare.

7. Police should not usurp Judicial Power

8. Rules of Engagement Impartially Observed

9. Reduction of crime and Disorder

10. police discretion

CANONS OF POLICE ETHICS

a) Primordial Police Responsibility - the performance of the basic responsibility of the police

which is the protection of lives and properties.

b) Limitation of Police Authority - in the practice of law enforcement profession, there are

always boundaries to avoid violation of human rights.

c) Knowledge of the Law and other Responsibility - it is primarily requirement for a police

officer to be knowledgeable of the laws being enforced.

d) Use of proper Means to Obtain Proper Ends - it is the proper performance of not the

nobleness of objective or mission which should guide every police officer.

e) Cooperation with Public Officials - it is an irrefutable fact that the effective enforcement of

laws entails the cooperation of the other public officials and employees.
f) Proper Conduct and Behavior- Being a police officer is a noble profession it follows that

every law enforcer must think, act and speak with decency and appropriately.

g.) Conduct towards community – the policeman shall be mindful of his responsibility to the community.
He shall deal with the individuals of the community in the manner calculated to instill respect for its law.

h) Conduct in Arresting Law Violator – policeman shall use his powers of arrest in accordance with
the law and with due regard to the rights of the citizen concerned. He shall at all times, have a clear
appreciation of his responsibilities and limitation regarding the detention of the accused.

i) Firmness in Refusing Gifts or Favors – a policeman represents the government, bears heavy
responsibility of maintaining in his conduct, the honor and integrity of all government institutions.

j) Impartial Presentation of Evidence – policeman shall be concerned equally in the prosecution of


the accused and the defense of the innocent. He shall ascertain what kind of evidence and shall present
such evidence impartially and without malice.

k) Attitude Towards Police Profession – the policeman shall regard the discharge of his duties as a
public trust and recognize his responsibilities as a public servant.

FIVE PILLARS TOWARDS AN ETHICAL PNP MEMBER

1. Background of the applicants – this includes the qualification like educational attainment and
morality.
2. Type of training – strengthening the behavior of the selected applicant is believed to be the
objective of the PNP training.
3. Response to training – trainees` obedience to legal orders is in indispensable in undergoing the
training.
4. Determination – trainees` determination to pursue the required training.
5. Ability to rise when fall – it is but natural to fail but what matter is the ability to rise especially
when put in hot water. Facing the consequences of our action is a sign of maturity.

COPCES (PNP Code of Professional Conduct and Ethical Standards)

1. Foster individual efficiency, behavioral discipline and organizational effectiveness, as well as


respect for constitutional and human rights of citizens, democratic principles and ideals and the
supremacy of civilian authority over the military;
2. Set the moral tone and norms of professional conduct in the police service;
3. Provide moral and ethical guidance to all PNP members; and
4. Enlighten members of the police service of what behavior is really acceptable- to define what is
permitted and what is prohibited.
CORE VALUES OF PNP

a.) Love of God


b.) Respect for authority
c.) Respect for women
d.) Respect for sanctity of marriage
e.) Stewardship over material things
f.) Responsible dominion
g.) Truthfulness

4 PRIMARY ROLES OF POLICE OFFICERS

a.) Enforce the law


b.) Prevent crime
c.) Provide emergency response
d.) Provide support services

MOST COMMON TYPES OF CORRUPTION IN THE PNP

1.Case Fixing– the subjective imposition of penalties or downright sabotage of the investigation process
in exchange for money or other things for personal gain.

2.Bribery– it is the receipt of cash or a gift in exchange for present, past or future assistance in avoidance
of prosecution, as by a claim that the officer is unable to make a positive identification of a criminal or by
being in the wrong place at a time when a crime is to occur, or by any other action that may be excused
as carelessness but not offered as proof of deliberate miscarriage of justice.

3.Extortion or Shakedowns– the common practice of holding "street court," where incidents such as
minor traffic tickets can be avoided with a cash payment to the officer and no receipt given. Using this
process, police have also been known to extort money from nightclub owners and other businesses by
threatening to enforce city health and zoning codes.

4.Protection– the taking of money or other rewards from vice operators or from legitimate companies
operating illegally in return for protecting them from law enforcement activity.

5.Recycling– the use or sale of confiscated items and evidence, usually drugs or narcotics.

6.Selective Enforcement– it occurs when police officers exploit their officer discretion. For example, a
PNP member who releases a suspect due to what is commonly known as “areglo” or “balato” is in clear
abuse of his or her discretion and authority. On the reverse side, a police officer who arrests a person
simply because the latter “annoys” him is likewise guilty of selective enforcement.

7.Internal Pay-offs– sale of work assignments, day-offs, holidays, vacation periods, and even promotions.
8.Corruption of Authority– this type of corruption is tolerable, but because policeman must act beyond
reproach and with impartiality, it is expected that policeman must be free from possible from temptation
to evil and this includes receiving free meals, services, discounts, gratuities and the like.

9.Kickbacks– this type of police corruption occurs when the police officer receives any consideration such
as money and other valuable materials in return to a police service which a police officer should be
performed.

10.Opportunistic Theft– it is the taking advantage of the situation in the conduct of police operations by
profiting or taking properties with intent to gain and not reporting to authorities.

11.Fixes– it involves an activity in which a police officer acts as a mediator in a certain case and offer to
the other party to settle the case for a particular amount and the police officer receives a certain amount
of the payment made by the other party.

12.Direct Criminal Activity– this is the worst behavior of a police officer by involvement of police officer
in a criminal activity and profiting on it.

CATEGORIES OF CORRUPT POLICE OFFICERS

1.White Knights– these are straightforward fellow, honest to a fault, and often take an extreme position
on ethical issues. They are realistic and often render strict decisions in accordance with the law. Thus,
they are considered a loner and deviant to the eyes of the colleagues who are corrupt and killjoy to the
others.

2.Straight Shooters– these are honest policemen who are ready to hide the corrupt practices for their
comrades as part of camaraderie. They observe principle of “omerta” or hiding the secret of fellow
policemen.

3.Grass Eaters/Vegetarian Cops– these are policeman who just keep on waiting for the opportunities.
They are engaged in relatively minor type of corruption opportunities as they present themselves.

4.Meat Eaters/Carnivorous Cops –they are worst because they come out of the headquarters to look for
the opportunities. They actively seek out corruption opportunities and engage in both minor and major
patterns of corruption.

5.Rogues– are policemen who are considered having all the deviant behaviors of a corrupt policeman.
They involve in dirty works and dirty money and are considered bad to the bone.

WEAKNESSES OF THE MEMBERS OF THE PNP

1.Misplaced Loyalty – the loyal is on the fellow officers not on the government and the people they
serve.

2.Cynicism – police view all citizens with suspicion, weak, corrupt, and dangerous.

3.The use of force – the police sometimes embrace force for all situations where in a threat is perceived.
4. “The police as victims” mentality – this concept is based on the idea that the police are victims of
public misunderstanding and scorn of low wages and self-serving administrators.

5.Preferential application of the law – decisions about whether to enforce the law, in any but the most
serious cases, should be guided by what the law says and who the suspect is.

6. “The police as Untouchables” – a police officer should find a safe way to impose punishment, including
an arrest on fake charges.

7.Rewards – police do very dangerous work for low wages, so it is proper to receive any extra rewards to
the public wants to give them. This rationalization was even given a term: LAUGHING MONEY

8.Due process – it is only a means of protecting criminals at the expenses of the law abiding and should
be ignored whenever it is safe to do so.

9. Lying and deception – It is an essential part of the police job and even perjury should be used if it is
necessary to protect yourself or get conviction on a "bad guy"

LAW ENFORCEMENT CODE OF ETHICS

1.As a law enforcement officer, my fundamental duty is to serve the mankind; to safeguard lives and
property; to protect the innocent against deception; the weak against oppression or intimidation; and
the peaceful against violence or disorder; and to respect the constitutional rights of all men, to life,
liberty, equality and justice.

2.I will keep my private life unsullied as an example to all; maintain courageous calm in the face of
danger; scorn or ridicule; develop self-restraint and be constantly mindful of the welfare of others.
Honest in thought and deed in both my personal and official life, I will be exemplary in obeying the laws
of the land and regulations of my organization. Whatever I see or hear of a confidential nature or that is
confided to me in my official capacity will be kept ever secret unless revelation is necessary in the
performance of my duty.

3.I will never act officially or permit personal feelings, prejudices, animosities or friendship to influence
my decision, with no compromise for crime and with relentless prosecution of criminals. I will enforce
the law courteously and appropriately without fear of favor, malice or ill-will, never employing
unnecessary force or violence and never accepting gratuities in return.

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