47

1.

1 .1

1) .
KS B 6301 . (
.) ,
, 2.1
.

2)
A , B , C

,
0 A
0 , C
48

3) Q
, , , ,
.

4)

5) (H- Q )
, p .
H- Q H- Q
. 2.2 .

1 .2

1)

a)

. , ,
3 , .
1/ 2
n Q
Ns 3/4 (2. 1)
H

, n : rpm
Q : /m in
H : m

. ,
, 1
.
 49

( ) Q = 14 /m in, H = 100m
n : 1750 rpm
1
1/2
Ns = 1 75 0 14
3/4 =
17 5 0 3 . 74
3 1 . 62
= 20 7
1 00
2
1/2
Ns = 1 75 0 14
3/4 = 17 5 0 3 . 74 = 34 8
50 1 8 . 80

1
1/ 2
Ns = 1 75 0 7
3/4 =
1 75 0 2 . 65
= 14 6
1 00 31 . 6 2

b)
Ns , ,
Ns . m. /m in, r pm ,
Ns 2.1 .

2. 1 Ns

Q /m in l/s /s ft /m in US g al/ min Imp.ga l/min

H m m m ft ft ft
n rpm
1 4.083 0.129 2.438 6.668 6.084
0.245 1 0.0316 0.597 1.635 1.492
7.746 31.6 1 18.82 51.50 47.20
Ns
0.410 1.673 0.053 1 2.730 2.500
0.15 0.611 0.09135 0.365 1 0.915
0.164 0.670 0.0212 0.400 1.092 1

c)
(m , /m in, rpm )
.
50

d)
( H , Q, n ) , Ns
.
Ns ,
Ns . ,
Ns Ns .
,

.
 51

2) 2)

a) ,
,
.

3
Q' n '
Q
=
n ( DD ' ) ( 2. 2)
2 2
H '
H
= ( nn ' ) ( DD ' ) ( 2. 3)
3 5
L ' Q' H '
( nn ' ) ( DD ' ) ( )
p p
L
=
Q H
= ( 2. 4)
p' p '

, L :
n :
D : ( )
p :

b) 1
D' /D=1 , p / p =1 .

Q'= Q ( nn ' ) ( 2. 5)
2
n '
H '= H ( )
n
(2. 6)
3
n '
L '= L ( )
n
(2. 7)

, Q, H, L Q' , H' , L' 1 , 2 , 3

, 2.5 .

)
p / p = 1 .
52

3)
a) ,

. ( ,
.)

b) KS B 6325
.
) Re ynold Re / Re m 1 15 .
) Hm /H 0.5, Hm /H 0.8
.
) 300 .
)
.
c)
.
 53

3 1/ 2
n D
Q p =
( )( ) ( )
Q m n
p

m D
2p

2m
p

m
(2. 8)
2 2 1/ 2
n D
H p = H
(n ) ( D ) ( )
m
p

m
2p

2m
p

m
(2. 9)
3 5
n D
L p = L
(n ) ( D ) ( )
m
p

m
2p

2m
p

m
( 2. 10)
1/ 5

p = 1 - (1 - )
( DD ) m
2m

2p
( 2. 11)

, Q p : ( / min)
Q m : ( / m in)
H P : (m kg f/ )
H m : (m k gf/ )
L p : (KW)
L m : (KW)
n p : ( rpm)
n m : (rpm )
D 2p : (m )
D 2m : (m )
p : (%)
p : (%)
p : (kg f/ )
m : (k gf/ )

1 .3

.
. , , ,
.
Ns .
Ns 0
( ) ( 2.6( a)) .
Ns Ns
54

( 2.6(b) ). , - Ns

( 2.6( c)). Ns
.
 55

1 .4

1.2,2),b)
.
20%
. n n' 2.7, 2.8 ( ),
( ) ( ), ( ) , n
H, Q, L NPSHre
n' H' , Q' , L' NPSHr e'
.

Q' = Q ( nn ' ) (2. 5)

2
H '= H ( nn ' ) ( 2. 6)
3
L'= L ( nn ' ) ( 2. 7)
2
N P S H re ' = N P S H r e ( nn ' ) (2. 12)

KS B 6301 ,
. ,
.

2.9 , Sys tem

- (H- Q ) , ( )
( ) A( Q) ,
( ) A' ( Q' ) ,
( ) ( ) a( q) .
2.7 ( ) q b . ,

.
) 2.
56

1 .5

,
.
,

. D D'
( 2.10 )
. 2.11
D' /D .
(Ns)
,
. ,

, ,
.
D ( ) , D'
( ) ( ) A( Q, H)
( ) A' ( Q' , H' )
 57

2
Q
Q' ( DD ' ) (2. 13)
2
H
H ' ( DD ' ) ( 2. 14)

, Q, H D 2 A, A' 2.11
O .
,
, .

.
. , 2.10
P
.

.
58

1.6

, KS B 6301 KS B 6306
.

. , ,

1)
,
, , ,
.

2)
40
, ,
( ) , H- Q
,
.
( /m in) = ( /m in)
( m) = ( m)
 59

( Kgf/ ) = '/ [ (Kg f/ )]

[M Pa] = '/ [ (M Pa)]
( KW) = '/ [ (KW)]
= '/ [ (KW)]

: ( Kgf/ )
{ ' : (Kg/ )}

: (Kgf/ )
{ : ( Kg / )}

3)
,
,
.
,
. , ,
2.12 .

a)

KS B 6306 HI(Ame rica n Hy dra ulic Insta nda rd) Standa rd

, (Open Clos e )
, .

b)
, 1.12
, , C q , C h , C

) Q n

0. 6 Q n , 0 .8 Q n , 1 .0 Q n , 1. 2 Q n m, % 2.12
. ( Q w , H w , w .)
) 2.12 Q n H n sus Cen tistok es
60

(c St) ( C q , C h , C ) .
) : Q o = Q w C q ( / min)
: H o = H w C h (m )
: o = w C ( %)
: L o = 0 . 61 3 o Q o H o/ o (KW )
o (Kgf/ )
 61

4) Slurr y

a)
Slur ry
.
62

b)
) 100 2.13(1) A
B .
) : Q o= Q w A ( / min)
: H o = H w (m )
: o = w B ( %)
) 100 2.13( 2)
A' B' .
) : Q o= Q w ( / min)
: H o = H w A ' ( m)
: o = w B' (%)
Q w : ( /m in)
H w : (m )
w : (%)
) : L o = 0 . 16 3 o Q o H o/ o (KW)

o = S lu rry ( Kg f/ )
 63

5) Pulp

a)
Pu lp
.

b)
) 2.14(1) 2.14(2) (BD% )
A .
) : Q o= Q w A ( / min)
: H o = H w A (m )
2
: o = w A ( %)
Q w : ( /m in)
H w : (m )

w : (%)
64

) : L o = 0 . 16 3 o Q o H o/ o (KW)

o = P u lp (Kgf/ )

) Pulp
Pu lp 2.14(3) .
 65

2.

2. 1

100 1
100 ,
.

.
, ,

, .
,
, ,
,
.

. ,

2 .2 (NPS H)
66

. (NPSHav )
( NPSHre ) .
NPS H Ne t Positive Suc tion Hea d .

1) (NPS Ha v)

Syste m

NPS H .
a ) NPSHa v
NPSHav =hs v=Ps/ - Pv/ hs - fVs /2g (2.15)
, hsv : (m )
Ps : ( Kg f/ abs )
Pv : ( Kg f/ abs )
: (Kg f/ )
hs : ( 2.15 ) ( m)
( (- ), (+))
fVs /2g : (m )
( 4 )
(2.15) NPSHav hs ,
.
2.15 .
 67

b) NPSHa v
0 (2.15) .
NPSHav 10 hs fVs /2g ( 2. 16)

c) NPSHa v
) Pv (2.15) .
NPSHav = hs fVs /2g (2. 17)
68

(Pv hs) Pa (1+f) Vs /2g

hsv = 1/ 1/ (Pa- Pv) Vs /2g
) Ps( Kg f/ abs ) (2.15) .
NPS Ha v=1/ ( Ps- Pv ) hs- fVs / 2g ( 2. 18)

(Ps hs) Pa (1+f) Vs /2g

hsv = 1/ 1/ (Pa- Pv) Vs /2g
) Pa = ( Kg f/ a bs )
d) NPSH

( ) 20 20 20
(m ) 0 1000 0
Ps (Kgf/ ab s) 1.0330 10 0.9180 10 1.0330 10
Pv (Kgf/ ab s) 0.0238 10 0.0238 10 0.0238 10
 69

(Kg f/ ) 998.2 998.2 998.2

hs ( m) -4 -4 +3

fVs / 2g ( m) 0.7 0.7 0.5

(2.15) h sv=10.35- 0.24 hsv=9.2- 0.24 hsv =10.35- 0.24

Ps Pv V s 2 - 4 - 0.7 - 4 - 0.7 +3 - 0.5
h sv = - hs- f
2g =5.41m =4.26m =12.61m

( ) 20 120( )
(m) 0 0
Ps (Kgf/ ab s) 2.0000 10 2.0245 10
Pv (Kgf/ ab s) 0.0238 10 2.0245 10
( Kg f/ ) 998.2 943.1
hs (m ) +5 +5
fVs /2g ( m) 0.7 0.7
( 2.15) hsv =20.04- 0.24 hsv =21.47- 21.47
Ps Pv V s 2 +5 - 0.7 +5 - 0.7
hsv = - hs - f
2g =24.1m =4.3m
70

2) (NPSHre)

(NPSHr e) .
2.19 , NPSHre
a- c ' , ,
T hom a .

a)
2.20
3% ( H/ H=0.03)
.
 71

b) ( NPSHr e )

NPSHre (Hsv ) ,
Hsv Q, n .

S = Q 1/ 2 / Hs v 3/4
n (2. 19)

, Q 1/2 . Q
/min, Hsv m, n rpm S Ns
1200 1300 . S=1300 n Q
NPS Hr e 2.21 .
72

, S=1300 NPSHre 2.22

.

NP SH re ' = N P SH re (2. 20)

NPS Hr e' :
NPSHr e : S=1300
:
 73

NPSHre
( T homa ) . H, Hsv
T hom a ( ) .

=Hs v/H=NPSHre/ H (2. 21)

.
, .
S 2.23 .
74

.
.

2.24 .

Qo :
Hsv o : NPSHr e
2 .24

) NPSHre

NPSHr e
Non- Clog NPSHre
. ,
.

3)
, ( ),
75
76

,
.

a)
.
.
2.25 .

b)
2.25
.

c)
.
.
. 2.26
.
 77

2 .3

1)
[NPSHre (1 )]
, [NPS Ha v NPSHr e
(1 )] . 0.3
( ,NPSHre 0.3 0.5m) .

2)
NPSHre S ystem NPSHa v .
2.27 NPSH A ,
A ,
.

) NPSHr e .

2 .4

, NPSHre ( )
. HIS( Hy dra ulic
Ins titute Stan da r ds 1975 ) NPSHre 2.28 . ,
NPSHre ( ) NPSHre 1/2
HIS .
.
78

1) 1

a) NPSHr e 5m .

b) - 10 Pr opa ne
3.5Kgf/ a bs( A) .

c) - 10 Pr opa ne A NPSHr e B 1.7m

.

d) NPSHre NPSHr e - 10 Propa ne

NPS Hr e NPSHre 5- 1.7=3.3m .
 79

2) 2

a) 12.8 Pr opa ne , Pr opa ne

7.0Kgf/ a bs( C) .

b) - 12.8 Propane C NPSHr e D 2.9m

, ( 2.9m ) NPSHre (5m)dm l 1/ 2
2.5m .

d) NPSHre NPSHre
2.5m NPSHr e 5- 2.5=2.5m .

2 .5

1) ,
, NPSHav
.

2) NPSHav 1.3 NPS Hr e .

3)
NPS H NPSHa v
( ) 1/2 .

4)
.

5) NPSHre
.

6) .
, Booster
.
80

7) .

8)

9) .
NPSHr e
.

10)
.

11)
.

2.6

. ,
 81

.
.
.
18- 8 , 13Cr
.
2.29 . 2.30
.
3
.

3. (S urgin g)

3.1

,
.
82

3.2

1) H- Q 2.31 ( )
.

2) , (
) . ( 2.32 )

3) B .

4) Q .

. A
.

3.3

1) H- Q .

2) . ( A .)

3) H- Q
 83

.
4) .

4. (Torqu e)

1
( ) . 1
( )
.

4. 1 ( )

,
3 ,
.
, 2
(T ) C . ( 2.33 )
84

( )
. , (T )
(T ) 10 30%
, .C

C D A B C D .

4.2

2.34 ABC ,
n'
, 100% T
.
 85

n' D ABDE
. 2.34

,
T , T
. 2.35
A B D E .

4.3

1)
. ,
86

2) Y-
( )

3)
GD
. ,
.

4) ,
,
.

5.

.
 87

. 0
,
.

2.37
. 2.36
.

,
, ( ) .

5.1 ( )

t .
88

A (1- p ) H 1- p
t( C) = = H (2. 22)
p C 427 p

p : Q
H : Q (m )
C : ( 1Kca l/Kg )
A : 1/427 = (Kca l/Kg m)
t : Q ( )
t 10 15 .

. Ba lan ce
Ba lan ce Retur n Retu rn
Bala nc e Retur n
t .

1- Qe
t = [ H ]+ H
p
( 2. 23)
427 p Q+ Qe 427
Q : t/h
Q e : Re turn ( Bala nce ) t/h
t, p , H

1 , 2 Ba la nce
. Bala nce
t ,
Bala nce
.

5.2

Bala nce Return

Re tu rn
 89

H 1- p Q+ Q e
t = [ + ] (2. 24)
427 p Q

Q T 0+ Q e ( T 0+ t)
T = ( 2. 25)
Q+ Q e
, T Re tu rn ( )
T 0 Re turn ( )

T
. , T
NPSHre , ( T 0 t)
.

5.3

.
Re lief
.

1) Relief

, 50Kg f/ .
Relie f Re tu rn
.
( Relief .)

2) Relief Ch eck

140Kg f/ .
Re lief ,
Relie f Relie f . Re lief
.
90

3) Re lief

Relief Relief ,
2 T a nk . 3- Pas s
, Relie f .
3- Pas s
, Relief Relief T ank
. Relief .

6.

H- Q Q=0 Q=
H- Q
H, Q, KW . ,
.

6. 1

1)

2.38 H- Q
 91

R A .
R' B
. R' Q
H- Q
. ( , .)
, C
.

2)

2.39
.
,

3)

. ( 2.40 ) , A
Syste m .
92

4)

Q, H 1 , 2
{1.2 2)} , H- Q
2 0 ( 2.41
).
1 , 2 . 2.41
H- Q A ,A ,A
A ,B ,B .
 93

5) H- Q

a) Q=0( ) (
) (
) Q . ( 2.42)
b) Syste m( )

, .
c)
.

6. 2 ,

2 ,
. 2.43
, , , a . a
R R
. R R
94

.
Sy stem 2
,
. ,
,
.

2)

2.44
H- Q .
2 B , 3
C , B , C
.
A B C .
1
,
a b c . 2.45
 95

, H- Q
.

3)

2.46 A
96

, A
Z .
, 2.47 S
A Z
.
, T .

4)

H- Q
 97

2.48 .
, A B ,
a b
.

5)

( ) 1
. 2.49 R
1 A .
, A C
Che ck
. , R B
.

6) 2

2.50 2
. R
A , B, C .
98

R Z A' C'
, 1
B' B" .

6.3 ,

1)

2.51 P Ha
 99

. R ,R R R
R . ab+ac =de . R
e .

2)

a) 0
2.52 P B, C 0
. R PB , R PC
R R ,R .
ab+a c=ad . R d ,
Q , Q Q .

b)
2.53 P B, C
Ha , Ha , R PB , R PC
, R ,R R ,
a , Q , Q Q
.
100

c)
2.54 P Ha B , Ha C , Ha
D , PB R ,BC
R , BD R , B A
R Ha A' . BC, BD R
, A' a' Q ,
, R ,R C, D
Q ,Q .
 101

d)

2.55 P C B Q
0 . PB
R ,BC R , R O
, R Q K
. R R R
, a .

3)

2.56 A, B R , R
C R D .
AC, BC CD A B
C . C A
, A R A' . B
C B' . A' B'
2 C D . A' +B'
E , R a
Q . Q Q
. A, B, C, D
102

4)

a) H- Q
.

.
b)

.
) , ,
.
)
.
c) H- Q

.
 103

d) ,
1 ,
.
,

,
.
e)
, ,
.

7.

,
,
.

7.1

1)

2)

, Spac e ,
.

.
104

3)

, .

4)

( 2 ) (
2 : 1) ,
. ,
(8.4 ).

5)

, Full
, Group ,
. ,
.

6)

, , , , , ,
Gra ne,
.

7 .2

1 .
Ma ker ,

7.3
1) ,
 105

2
.
.

2) Pe ak
Pea k Pe ak .

3) Dies el
Diese l .

8.

, ,
.
, ,
,
.

8 .1

Point .
,

1) ,
Plan t

2) , , (
)
106

3) Q, H

4) (H, Q )

5) ( )

6) Sca le

7) Valv e On- Off ,

Sys tem .

8) ( )

8 .2

H- Q
, , , , H- Q
, , Sys tem .
Syste m . Initial
Cost Runnin g Cost .

1)
2)

) 1) H- Q
.
2) , , ,

3)
.
4) H, Q ,
.
107
108

8 .3

1)

500KW M otor 1%
. 500KW 0.01 24Hr 365 =43,800KWHr
. 1KW Hr =65.8 , 290
.

2)

40m 35m ,
. 40m
100% 35m 100 35/40= 87.5% 12.5%
.
.
.

3)

10 100m
90m 80m 1
2 . 100m
100KW 90m , 80m 90KW , 80KW
10%, 20% .
Dista nce L iner , Sle eve ,
Bala ncing .

4)

(1 ) T ota l
,
.
, ( 8.4
).
 109

5)

. H- Q ,
( )

H- Q .
.
. , Belt , ,
( ), 1 , 2 , 2 ,
2 , . 20%
.
. ,
.

2.57 , Pla nt
(H- Q ) ( )
110

(R) A( Q)
( ) , A' ( Q' )
(R) ( ) a( q) .
( ) q b . ( 2.58)
2.58 B b .
3
20% .
b
B' .

8.4

1)

2 3 , (Le ad Pum p & Ma in

Pu mp) Duple x T y pe 50%- 50% 33%- 67% ,
T riple x T ype 33% - 33% - 33% 20% - 40% - 40%
,
.

2)

, , , ,

3)
0 0 0 0 - 0 0

T : 2
D : 4
D : Duplex T ype
T : T r iplex T y pe
 111

4)

S ystem

.
S ystem 2.59
, Du ple x, T r ipex Duplex ,
T riple x .
T ype Du ple x T y pe 25% , T r iplex
T ype 11% .

a) DUPLE X T YPE

) Duplex T ype

Duplex T ype ( 50%- 50% ),

50% , 50%
2.60
198.8HP- Hr/Day ( ) , 80%
1 43,305 KW- Hr /Ye ar (=198.8 0.8 0.746 365)
.
112

) Duplex T ype

Duplex T ype ( 33%- 67% ),

No- Flow Shutoff , 33% Le ad
, 33%- 67% 67% Ma in ,
67%
.
, 2.61 150HP- Hr /Da y(
) , 80% 1
32,675KW- Hr /Ye ar (=150 0.8 0.746 365) Duplex T ype
25% .
 113

b ) T RIPLE X T YPE

) T r iple x T y pe

T riple x T ype ( 33%- 33%- 33%),

33% , 33%
, 66% 3
2.62 327.5HP- Hr /Da y(
) , 80% 1
71,340 KW/ Hr /Ye ar (=327.5 0.8 0.746 365) .

) T r iple x T y pe

T riplex T ype ( 20%- 40% - 40%),

No- Flow Shutoff , 20% Le ad
, 3
.
, 2.63 290.6HP- Hr /Da y(
) , 80% 1
63,302 KW- Hr/ Yea r( =290.6 0.8 0.746 365) T r iplex
T ype 11% .
114

5)
a) d)
b ) T op Pull- Ou t T y pe Pu mp e) ( Flow Reg ulator)
- Clos e Coupled Pump f) ( 1750, 3500 rpm)
c) (PRV) g)
- Pres sur e Re gula ting Value - T her ma l Pur ge Valv e
 115

6)
a) T op Pull- Ou t .
b) ( Close Coupled T ype ) ,
.
c)
.
d) ,
/ .
e)
.
f)
, .

7)

a) (PRV)
-
-
b) ( Flow Reg ulator)
-
c)
116

-
d)
- (1 2 (3 )
) .

8)

DUPLE X T YPE T RIPLEX T YPE

1 Q 33% 1 Q 20%

LEAD PUM P Sta rt LE AD PUMP Star t

2 33% Q 67% 2 20% Q 40%

M AIN PUM P Sta rt MAIN PUM P( ) Star t
LEAD PUMP Star t LEAD PUM P Stop

3 Q 67% 3 40% Q 80%

LE AD PUMP Star t M AIN PUMP( ) Sta rt
M AIN PUM P Oper ate MAIN PUM P( ) Oper ate
Continuous ly Contin uou sly

4 Q 80%
LEAD PUM P Res tar t
M AIN PUMP( , ) Oper ate
Continuously
 117

9)

GC 200

HE C M- Ser ies BC

BC

SM 45C

, 3 , 220V/ 380V SM 55C

10)
a)
- , 20
,
.
b)
-
.
- Re set .
c)
- ,
.
- Res et .
d)
- ,
.

11)
a) .
118

b) 0 .
c) 40
, .
d) ,
,
.