Department of Information Science and Engineering

Global Campus, Jakkasandra Post, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara District, Pin Code: 562112

2024-2025

Seventh Semester Report on

“Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment”

Submitted for the partial fulfilment of Embedded Systems activity of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Submitted by

Ishra Fathima
21BTRIS016

Moksha Bhandari
21BTRIS021

Nandini Rathod
21BTRIS030

Rayala Viswanath
21BTRIS031

Satyam Kumar
21BTRIS051

Under the guidance of

Prof. S Jeeva
Assistant Professor
Department of Information Science & Engineering

School of Computer Science and Engineering

JAIN (Deemed-to-be University)
 Department of Information Science and Engineering
Global Campus, Jakkasandra Post, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara District, Pin Code: 562 112

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Embedded Systems project work titled “Arduino Cloud For
Smart Home Environment” is carried out by Ishra Fathima (21BTRIS016), Moksha
Bhandari (21BTRIS021), Nandini Rathod (21BTRIS030), Rayala Viswanath
(21BTRIS031), Satyam Kumar (21BTRIS051) Bonafide students of Bachelor of
Technology at the Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Jain Deemed-to-be University,
Bangalore in partial fulfillment for the Embedded Systems project activity of degree in
Bachelor of Technology in Information Science & Engineering, during the year 2024-
2025.

Prof. S Jeeva Prof. K Manivannan Dr. G. Geetha

Assistant Professor, Program Head, Director,
Dept. of ISE, Dept. of ISE, School of Computer
School of Computer Science and School of Computer Science and Science and Engineering
Engineering Engineering JAIN (Deemed-to-be
JAIN (Deemed-to-be University) JAIN (Deemed-to-be University) University)
 DECLARATION

We, Ishra Fathima (21BTRIS016), Moksha Bhandari (21BTRIS021), Nandini Rathod

(21BTRIS030), Rayala Viswanath (21BTRIS031), Satyam Kumar (21BTRIS051) are
students of 7th semester B.Tech in Information Science & Engineering, JAIN(Deemed-to-be
University), hereby declare that the Embedded Systems project work titled “Temperature &
Humidity Monitoring System” has been carried out by us and submitted in partial fulfilment
for the Embedded Systems project activity of degree in Bachelor of Technology in Information
Science & Engineering during the academic year 2024-2025.

Signature

Name1:
USN:
Name 2:
USN:
Name 3:
USN:
Name 4:
USN:

Place : Bangalore
Date :
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is a great pleasure for us to acknowledge the assistance and support of a large number
of individuals who have been responsible for the successful completion of this project.

First, we take this opportunity to express our sincere gratitude to Faculty of Engineering
& Technology, Jain University for providing us with a great opportunity to pursue our Bachelor’s
Degree in this institution.

We would like to thank Dr. G. Geetha G, Director of School of Computer Science &
Engineering Technology, Jain University for her continuous encouragement towards work.

We would like to thank Dr. Hariprasad S A, Director, Faculty of Engineering &

Technology, Jain University for his constant encouragement and expert advice.

It’s our pleasure to express our sincere thanks to Dr. Manivannan, Professor and Head
of the department, Information Science & Engineering, Jain University, for providing right
academic guidance that made our task possible.

We would like to thank our Guide, Prof. S Jeeva, Assistant Professor, Dept. of
Information Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Jain University, for sparing her
valuable time to extend help in every step of our project work, which paved the way for smooth
progress and fruitful culmination of the project.

We are also grateful to our family and friends who provided us with every requirement
throughout the course. We would like to thank one and all who directly or indirectly helped us
in completing the Project work successfully.

Signature of Student
 ABSTRACT

This project focuses on the development of a Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System
leveraging IoT (Internet of Things) technology, providing real-time data acquisition, monitoring, and
visualization capabilities. The system utilizes a NodeMCU microcontroller, which is integrated with
a DHT sensor to measure the ambient temperature and humidity levels of the surrounding
environment. The NodeMCU's built-in Wi-Fi capability allows for seamless and reliable transmission
of the collected data to the Arduino Cloud platform, ensuring efficient cloud-based monitoring.
The Arduino Cloud platform acts as the central hub for data storage and remote access,
offering a user-friendly web dashboard that displays real-time environmental conditions. This
dashboard enables users to access and monitor temperature and humidity levels from any
location with internet connectivity, making the system highly convenient and accessible. The
cloud infrastructure ensures that data is securely stored and can be easily retrieved for analysis
or historical tracking.
Furthermore, the system is designed to issue alerts when predefined temperature or humidity
thresholds are reached, enhancing its utility for critical applications where environmental
control is crucial. For instance, the system can be used in greenhouse management, where
maintaining optimal temperature and humidity is vital for plant health, or in server rooms,
where precise environmental conditions are essential to prevent equipment malfunction. It
can also be applied in industrial environments where monitoring of environmental parameters
is necessary for safety and efficiency.
This project exemplifies the numerous advantages of IoT-based solutions, such as energy
efficiency, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. The integration of cloud connectivity provides
flexibility and scalability, allowing the system to handle an increasing number of sensors or
additional monitoring features in the future. This modern approach moves beyond traditional
standalone environmental monitoring systems by introducing remote access and automation.
The Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System underscores the potential of IoT in
transforming how environmental data is collected, monitored, and acted upon. It not only
improves operational efficiency but also promotes smarter environmental management, which
is essential in industries like agriculture, healthcare, and manufacturing. By leveraging the
power of IoT and cloud technologies, the system provides real-time insights that help users
make data-driven decisions to optimize environmental conditions.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
No

Chapter 1 01
1. INTRODUCTION 01
Overview 01
Chapter 2 02
2.1 Objective 02
2.2 Methodology 03
Chapter 3 06
3. System Design and Architecture 04
3.1 System Overview 04
3.2 Circuit Design 04
3.3 Block Diagram 05-06
Chapter 4 07
4. System Design and Architecture 07
4.1 Overview of Software Design 07
4.2 Code Structure 08-09
Chapter 5 10
5. Implementation and Testing 10
5.1 Setup and Installation 10
5.2 Testing Methodology 11-12
Chapter 6 13
Results 13
Result Screenshots 14
Conclusion 15
References 16
 LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1 DHT11 Sensor Module.........................................................................................04
Figure 3.2 Microcontroller ....................................................................................................05
Figure 3.3 Cloud Platform .....................................................................................................05
Figure 3.4 User Interface .......................................................................................................06

Figure 4.2.1 Sensor Interaction Code ………………………………………………………...08

Figure 4.2.2 IOT & Network Config. ....................................................................................09

Figure 6.1 Monitoring Dashboard .........................................................................................14

Figure 6.2 Temperature Graph ..............................................................................................14

Figure 6.3 Humidity Graph...................................................................................................14

Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

Chapter 1
Introduction

In today’s world, maintaining optimal environmental conditions is crucial for various industries,
including agriculture, healthcare, manufacturing, and storage facilities. Temperature and humidity are
two of the most important factors that influence the quality, safety, and efficiency of operations in these
sectors. Monitoring and controlling these parameters can help prevent equipment failure, ensure the
safety of perishable goods, and create comfortable living and working environments.
This project focuses on the development of a Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System, which is
designed to measure, record, and display environmental conditions in real time. The system employs
sensors to gather data on temperature and humidity levels, which are then processed and presented in a
user-friendly format. Such a system can be integrated into smart environments to automate control
measures, such as activating air conditioning, heaters, or humidifiers when certain thresholds are
exceeded.
The project aims to provide an efficient, cost-effective, and reliable solution for monitoring
environmental conditions. The core components include temperature and humidity sensors, a
microcontroller for data processing, and a display or connectivity module to communicate the readings.
This setup can also be enhanced with data logging capabilities, allowing users to track historical trends
and make informed decisions.
The Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System serves as a practical demonstration of how
embedded systems and sensor technology can be used to solve real-world problems. Its scalable design
can be tailored to suit various applications, ranging from small indoor setups to large-scale industrial
environments. This project highlights the importance of environmental monitoring in enhancing
productivity, ensuring safety, and reducing operational risks.

Overview
The Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System is designed to continuously measure and display
environmental conditions, ensuring optimal temperature and humidity levels. This system integrates
sensors to collect real-time data, a microcontroller for processing, and a display or communication
module for presenting the results.
It is a cost-effective and versatile solution that can be applied in various industries, including agriculture,
healthcare, and manufacturing, to enhance productivity, preserve product quality, and ensure safety.
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Chapter 2
Objective and Methodology
2.1 Objective

The primary objective of this project is to develop a Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System that
offers real-time monitoring, accurate data logging, and remote accessibility through IoT integration.
Below are the detailed objectives:

1. Real-Time Environmental Monitoring

To measure and display temperature and humidity data continuously, ensuring immediate detection of
any deviations from desired conditions.

2. Data Accuracy and Reliability

To achieve precise measurements of temperature and humidity using the DHT11 sensor, ensuring reliable
data for decision-making.

3. Cloud Integration for Remote Access

To utilize the Arduino IoT Cloud for storing and visualizing data, allowing users to remotely access real-
time and historical environmental data from any location.

4. User-Friendly Interface

To provide an intuitive and easily accessible dashboard for monitoring environmental parameters,
requiring minimal technical expertise for operation.

5. Scalability and Cost-Effectiveness

To design a system that is both affordable and scalable, enabling its use in various applications, from
small home environments to large industrial facilities. To lay the groundwork for future enhancements,
such as automated control systems, alerts, and integration with other IoT devices.

2.2 Methodology

The project follows a systematic approach, starting from hardware assembly to software implementation
and testing. Below is the detailed methodology adopted:

Step 1: Requirement Analysis

The project begins with identifying the functional and non-functional requirements. This includes
understanding the need for real-time data, cloud storage, and remote accessibility. The components were
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Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

chosen based on their compatibility, accuracy, and affordability.

Step 2: Hardware Setup

1. Component Selection and Assembly

o The DHT11 sensor is chosen for its ability to accurately measure temperature and
humidity.

o The ESP8266 microcontroller is selected for its built-in Wi-Fi capability, enabling cloud
communication.

o Supporting components such as breadboards, jumper wires, and resistors are used to
assemble the circuit.

2. Circuit Configuration

o The DHT11’s data pin is connected to digital pin D4 of the ESP8266.

o Power is supplied via a 5V USB connection.

Step 3: Software Development

The software component is developed using the Arduino IDE. The main tasks include:

1. Programming the Microcontroller

o The ESP8266 is programmed to read data from the DHT11 sensor.

o Data is processed and formatted for cloud transmission.

Step 4: Data Transmission and Visualization

• Sensor readings are transmitted to the Arduino IoT Cloud in real time.

• A cloud dashboard is set up to display temperature and humidity data, providing users with a
graphical representation of environmental conditions.

Step 5: Testing and Validation

The system undergoes rigorous testing to ensure accuracy and reliability.

• Functional Testing: Verifies that all components work as expected.

• Performance Testing: Assesses the system’s response time and data transmission speed.

Department of ISE, FET, Bangalore

Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

Chapter 3
System Design and Architecture
3.1 System Overview

The system consists of three main components:

1. DHT11 Sensor: Measures temperature and humidity.

2. ESP8266 Microcontroller: Processes sensor data and transmits it to the Arduino IoT Cloud.

3. Arduino IoT Cloud: Provides a platform for storing and visualizing data.

3.2 Circuit Design

The circuit includes the following connections:

• The DHT11 sensor’s data pin is connected to digital pin D4 on the ESP8266.

• Power is supplied via a 5V USB connection.

• The system uses standard jumper wires for connections, ensuring a simple and reliable setup.

The circuit is designed to be compact, facilitating easy installation and maintenance.

3.3 Block Diagram

Below is a conceptual representation of the system:

1. Sensors: Collect temperature and humidity data.

Fig 3.1 DHT11 Sensor Module

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Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

2. Microcontroller: Processes and forwards the data.

Fig 3.2 Microcontroller Representation

3. Cloud Platform: Stores and visualizes data.

Fig 3.3 Cloud Platform

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Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

4. User Interface: Enables remote monitoring through a dashboard.

Fig 3.4 User Interface for Temperature and Humidity Check

This architecture ensures efficient data flow by establishing a seamless connection between the
hardware components, processing unit, and user interface. The DHT11 sensor continuously
captures temperature and humidity data from the environment and transmits it to the ESP8266
microcontroller. The microcontroller, acting as the central processing unit, processes the raw data,
converting it into readable formats and preparing it for transmission.

Once the data is processed, the ESP8266 leverages its built-in Wi-Fi capability to send the
information to the Arduino IoT Cloud. The cloud platform plays a crucial role by providing real-
time data storage, enabling users to access both current and historical readings. The cloud also
supports visualization tools, transforming raw data into intuitive charts and graphs for easier
interpretation.

From the cloud, the data is presented on a dashboard interface, which users can access via any
internet-connected device, such as smartphones, tablets, or computers. This ensures that users can
monitor environmental conditions remotely, without needing to be physically present at the
monitoring site.

The architecture is designed to minimize latency, ensuring real-time updates. It also supports fault-
tolerant features like automatic reconnection in case of network disruptions.

Department of ISE, FET, Bangalore

Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

Chapter 4

Software Design and Code Structure

4.1 Overview of Software Design
The software design for the Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System focuses on creating a robust, connected
solution for environmental monitoring using the Arduino IoT ecosystem. The system design balances modularity,
efficient data acquisition, and cloud integration, allowing it to operate effectively within the IoT infrastructure.
Key design components and considerations are as follows:

1. Sensor Data Acquisition

The DHT11 sensor is employed to measure both temperature and humidity. This sensor is initialized
and read through the main program file, with readings processed and converted into usable data for
further operations. The system includes error handling during data acquisition to manage instances of
sensor misreading, ensuring data integrity.

• Hardware Interfacing: The DHT11 sensor is connected to a designated pin on the

microcontroller (ESP8266), with digital signals processed through a simple protocol, as defined
in the DHT library.

• Data Retrieval Timing: The system acquires data on each loop cycle to provide timely updates,
maintaining a frequency that balances responsiveness with power efficiency.

2. IoT Cloud Connectivity and Data Synchronization

A central feature of the design is its integration with the Arduino IoT Cloud for remote data
visualization and monitoring. The cloud platform provides a simple interface to log, store, and visualize
temperature and humidity data in real-time, accessible from various devices.

• Network Configuration: Network credentials (e.g., SSID, password) are stored in a separate
header file, allowing the code to initiate a secure connection to the Arduino IoT Cloud. This
design keeps sensitive information modular and secure.

• Property Registration and Synchronization: Temperature, humidity, and message properties

are registered as READ/WRITE properties, enabling two-way communication. This allows not
only real-time monitoring but also interaction with the system from the cloud interface, such as
sending commands or configuring notifications for specific thresholds.

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Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

4.2 Code Structure

The software code is divided into multiple files:

Main Sketch (sketch123.ino): Contains the primary setup, loop, and sensor interaction code.

Fig 4.2.1 Sensor Interaction Code

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Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

Implementation Details :

• IoT Cloud Variables: The variables humidity, temperature, and message are linked to the
Arduino IoT Cloud, enabling real-time updates.

• Loop Function: Within the loop(), sensor data is read and updated to the IoT Cloud every cycle.

• Event Handling: Functions such as onTemperatureChange(), onHumidityChange(), and

onMessageChange() handle IoT cloud-triggered events, allowing for interactions when data is
modified remotely.

Header File (thingProperties.h): Handles IoT cloud properties and network configuration.

Fig 4.2.2 IOT & Network Config.

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Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

Chapter 5
Implementation and Testing
5.1 Setup and Installation

Assemble Hardware:
The first step in setting up the system involves connecting the DHT11 sensor to the ESP8266
microcontroller. The DHT11 sensor is a low-cost, digital temperature and humidity sensor that
communicates with the ESP8266 using a single-wire interface. The following steps outline the
connections:

• DHT11 VCC Pin: Connect this to the 3.3V pin on the ESP8266 to power the sensor.
• DHT11 Data Pin: This pin is connected to a digital I/O pin (e.g., D2) on the ESP8266 to
receive the sensor data.
• DHT11 Ground Pin: Connect the ground pin of the sensor to the ground (GND) pin on the
ESP8266.

Once the hardware is connected correctly, it’s essential to check that all wiring is secure to prevent any
communication errors during operation.

Load Code:
The next step involves loading the provided Arduino code onto the ESP8266 using the Arduino
Integrated Development Environment (IDE). The code is written in C++ and is designed to read
temperature and humidity data from the DHT11 sensor and send it to the cloud for monitoring. The
code also includes the necessary configuration for the ESP8266 to connect to a Wi-Fi network. Follow
these steps:

1. Open the Arduino IDE and select the correct board (ESP8266).
2. Install necessary libraries such as the DHT sensor library and the Wi-Fi library.
3. Paste the provided code into the IDE, and upload it to the ESP8266 using the upload button.

Network Configuration:
To enable communication between the ESP8266 and the cloud, it must be connected to a Wi-Fi
network. In the code, configure the Wi-Fi SSID (network name) and password, ensuring the device can
successfully connect to the internet.
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5.2 Testing Methodology

Environmental Testing:

To ensure the system’s robustness, it was tested under different environmental conditions, such as
varying room temperatures and humidity levels. The temperature and humidity data provided by the
DHT11 sensor were compared against the readings from a standard, calibrated device (such as a
dedicated temperature and humidity meter) to assess accuracy.

Multiple tests were conducted in controlled environments with stable temperature and humidity,
followed by tests in varying environmental conditions (e.g., air-conditioned rooms, outdoor settings) to
verify the sensor’s performance in real-world applications. The accuracy of the readings was cross-
verified with the standard device, and any discrepancies were noted for further analysis.

Data Accuracy and Reliability:

During the testing phase, particular attention was paid to the consistency of the data provided by the
DHT11 sensor. The readings were logged over time to observe if there were any fluctuations or abnormal
behavior, which could indicate issues with sensor calibration or connectivity.

5.3 Performance Analysis

Accuracy:

The system demonstrated a high level of accuracy in measuring both temperature and humidity. The
error margin was kept to a minimum, with temperature readings consistently within ±0.5°C of the
reference device and humidity readings within ±2%. These results indicate that the DHT11 sensor is
reliable for basic environmental monitoring applications, making it suitable for use in IoT-based systems
that require real-time temperature and humidity tracking.

Latency:

The latency of the system, defined as the time delay between reading the sensor data and transmitting it
to the cloud, was minimal. The ESP8266 processed the sensor data efficiently, and the transmission to
the cloud server occurred within a few seconds after data acquisition. This low-latency performance
ensures that the system is capable of providing real-time updates for environmental monitoring.

Power Consumption:

Although not tested explicitly in this phase, power consumption was monitored during testing. The
ESP8266, combined with the low-power DHT11 sensor, was found to consume relatively low power

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Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

when idle and while transmitting data at intervals. This efficiency is critical for IoT applications, where
energy consumption can be a significant factor, especially for battery-powered devices.

Reliability:

The system operated reliably over extended periods, with no significant loss of data or connectivity
issues. The ESP8266 was able to maintain a stable connection to the Wi-Fi network, and data was
consistently uploaded to the cloud without interruptions. In the case of any connection drops, the
ESP8266 was programmed to attempt reconnection automatically, ensuring continuous operation.

Conclusion

In summary, the system demonstrated good performance in terms of data accuracy, latency, and
reliability. The testing phase confirmed that the setup was capable of providing consistent and accurate
environmental data, with minimal delay in cloud transmission. These findings highlight the effectiveness
of using the DHT11 sensor in conjunction with the ESP8266 for IoT applications where temperature and
humidity monitoring are essential. Further improvements can focus on enhancing sensor calibration and
exploring advanced power-saving techniques to optimize the system for long-term deployment.

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Chapter 6
Results

The implementation and testing of the environmental monitoring system yielded several significant
results, demonstrating the effectiveness and utility of the system in real-world applications. Below is a
detailed analysis of the key results observed during the system's operation.

Real-time Monitoring

One of the primary objectives of the system was to provide real-time monitoring of temperature and
humidity levels. The data collected by the DHT11 sensor was transmitted to the cloud via the ESP8266,
where it was displayed on a user-friendly cloud dashboard. This dashboard allowed users to access live
temperature and humidity readings from anywhere with an internet connection, enabling remote
monitoring of environmental conditions. The system successfully delivered real-time updates, which
were crucial for applications such as indoor climate control, agriculture monitoring, and smart home
automation.

The cloud dashboard provided a continuous stream of data, ensuring that users could track any
fluctuations in temperature or humidity as they occurred. This functionality was particularly important
for use cases where rapid response to environmental changes is necessary, such as controlling HVAC
systems or managing greenhouse conditions.

Sample Readings

During the testing phase, several sample readings were taken to assess the system's performance. One
such sample reading provided the following values:

• Temperature: 23°C
• Humidity: 55%

These values reflect typical indoor conditions and demonstrate the system’s ability to track
environmental changes effectively. The system responded quickly to changes in the environment, with
the cloud dashboard updating in real-time as the sensor data was received.

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Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment

System Utility

The system proved to be highly effective for tracking environmental conditions in real-time, making it a
valuable tool for a wide range of applications. Its ability to monitor and report on temperature and
humidity levels remotely makes it ideal for scenarios like:

• Smart Homes: Automating temperature and humidity control for comfort and energy efficiency.
• Agriculture: Monitoring climate conditions in greenhouses to optimize plant growth.
• Industrial Monitoring: Keeping track of temperature and humidity for storage areas or
manufacturing processes.

Result Screenshots:

Fig 6.1 Monitoring Dashboard

Fig 6.2 Temperature Graph Fig 6.3 Humidity Graph

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Conclusion

The Arduino Cloud for Smart Home Environment successfully demonstrates the integration of IoT
technology with environmental monitoring. This project provides a practical, low-cost solution for
continuously tracking temperature and humidity levels, which are crucial for maintaining optimal
conditions in various applications such as agriculture, healthcare, and industrial environments. By
leveraging components like the DHT11 sensor and the ESP8266 microcontroller, along with the Arduino
IoT Cloud, the system achieves real-time monitoring, accurate data logging, and remote accessibility.

One of the standout features of this system is its capability to provide remote monitoring via an intuitive
cloud-based dashboard. This ensures that users can keep track of environmental conditions from any
location, enabling quick responses to any deviations from desired parameters. Additionally, the potential
for further enhancements, such as automated control systems or alert notifications, adds significant value
to the project, making it a robust foundation for more advanced IoT-based solutions.

In conclusion, this project not only achieves its primary objectives but also highlights the growing
importance of IoT in addressing real-world challenges. The developed system is a testament to how
modern technology can improve efficiency, ensure safety, and support informed decision-making in
various fields.

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References

1 Lauerentius K. H., Setyawan, I., & Sukamto, P. (2023). Development of IoT-Based

Temperature and Relative Humidity Monitoring System for Mushroom Cultivation.
Jurnal Ecotipe, 10(1), 95-102. Link
2 Ab Rahman, R., Ahmad, R., & Zainal, M. (2020). IoT-Based Temperature and Humidity
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237. BEEI
3 Sinha, G. R., & Bruneo, D. (2020). Advances in Smart Environment Monitoring Systems
Using IoT and Sensors. Sensors, 20(11), 3113. Link MDPI
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Monitoring System. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and
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5 Zulkifli, M., & Razali, M. H. (2020). Integration of IoT with Environmental Monitoring in
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6 Ramanathan, V., & Murugan, P. (2021). IoT-Based Agriculture Monitoring System.
Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 5. Link
7 Ali, M., & Rehman, H. (2020). IoT-Driven Environmental Monitoring System: A Case
Study on Agriculture. Sensors, 20(20), 5804. Link MDPI
8 Choudhury, A., & Paul, S. (2018). IoT-Enabled Weather Monitoring System Using DHT11
and ESP8266. International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science and
Engineering, 6(3), 5-10. Link
9 Kumar, R., & Singh, J. (2020). IoT-Based Real-Time Environmental Monitoring System
for Smart Farming. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, 9(4).
Link
10 Patel, N., & Dave, S. (2021). Smart IoT-Enabled System for Environmental Monitoring
and Analysis. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 8(6). Link

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