Page 1

Moving around 3
Personal Expenses Exercise 6
Changing cell widths by dragging 6
Changing cell widths automatically 6
Formulas with numbers 7
Formulas with Cell references 7
Inserting Cell References Automatically 8
Personal Expenses Exercise 8
The Sum Function 9
The AutoSum button 9
Personal Expenses 2 Exercise 10
Accessing other built-in Functions 11
Average Function. 11
Max and Min Function 11
If/Then Function. 12
The Count Functions 12
PMT Function 13
Groceries Exercise 13
International Academy Exercise 14
Cut and copy. 14
Click and Drag. 15
Dragging Exercise 15
Inserting a new Row 15
Deleting a row or Column. 16
Absolute and Relative Cell references 16
Personal Income Exercise 17
Berry Pickers Exercise 18
Centering across Columns 19
Word colour and Cell colours. 19
Vertical Adjustment within rows 19
Wrapping text within a cell. 20
Number Formats. 21
Deleting Rows and Columns 21
Car Expenses Exercise 21
Sorting 22
Garage Sale Exercise 22
Lookup Function 23
Harry’s Bar Date and Time exercise 24
Minute 24
Now 24
Using Sheets 25
Extra Exercises 27
Run a macro from a button 27
Run a macro from a Toolbar 27
Charting 29
George’s Chocolate Sales Exercise 30
Create a custom number format 30

Page 2
 
Type in words, formulas or
numbers here

The menu bar

The
toolbars

Letters
count Use the
Number the scroll bars
s count Column to move
the Rows s around

Click on a cell
to highlight it

Overview
A spreadsheet is similar to a giant table with the borders extending practically to
infinity. The spreadsheet that
appears on your screen will be
similar to that below.

Moving around
1. Open up a new spreadsheet and click your cursor in the cell B2, as seen in the
following picture.
2. Note that the cell reference, (B2) is seen in the Left-hand corner.
3. Type 1 into the cell and press the Enter key

You can move around the spreadsheet by either clicking on the cell with your
mouse cursor, or, by using the arrow keys on the keyboard.

Page 3
 Numbers will


appear on the
Right hand side


of the cell

Words will appear

on the Left-hand
side of the cell This is a
Highlighted cell

In the cells shown type in the information below

Note that the text is on the left-hand side of the cell and the numbers are on the
right hand side of the cell.

The Drag handle

Dragging to copy cells.

In the bottom right hand corner of a highlighted cell is a small square. By
clicking and holding down the left mouse button you can drag the contents of the
cell across other cells and copy them into the new cells.
This is the
Drag Handle 1. First click on the cell B2 where your 1 is, to place the box around the cell.
2. Click and hold your Left mouse button down on the drag handle in the bottom
right of the cell and drag across to H2, 1’s will be copied across the page.
3. Highlight the new cells that have been added (C2 to H2) and press
Hold Left
button down
to copy
 the Delete key on the keyboard to delete them out again. We should
be back to the 1,2,3 again from the first lesson.

Filling numbers in cells

Not only can you copy cells across cells, you can also have numbers added
consecutively across cells.

To do this the computer needs to know by how much you want the numbers to
increase. For example do you want them to go: 1,2,3, or 1,3,5 or 1,5,9, (increasing
by 4).

1. Highlight the 2 and 3 from the first lesson.

Page 4

Click here
and drag
down
 
2. Click and hold with your Left mouse button on the Drag Handle and drag
down the page to B11.
3. The numbers will increase down the page to 10.
4. Practice using other number series. In C2 type 2 and in C3 type 7. Mark both
cells and drag down to C11.
5. What happens if you use 8 and 3?
6. What happens if you drag Up the page
7. What happens if you drag Right or Left across the page?

Using Fill Down.

The Edit menu has a range of options that can be used to copy and fill cells as
well.
1. In F2 type in 2, and drag the cells to
copy down to F12.
2. Highlight all the cells from F2 to F12
3. Go: Edit, from the menu bar, then
click on Fill and then click Series.
4. In the Step Value window type in 5
and click OK.
5. New numbers will replace the 2’s.
6. Highlight the numbers again and then use 3 in the Step Value window.
Type the
number
you want
the series
to A quicker method to make a list of numbers is to click on
increase the number with your Right Mouse Button and drag down
by here
or across the spreadsheet. When you let go a menu will
appear and click on the word Fill Series to increase the
numbers by 1. Practice until you are happy with the right button .

Hold Right
button down
to increase

numbers

Not only are numbers copied across cells but some words can be copied as well.
Type the words below and then pull them down the sheet using the drag handle.
Try also using Qtr 1, and 1st Group

Page 5

Click here
and drag
Page 6
 

Personal Expenses Exercise
1. Open a new spreadsheet.
2. Type the information below into the cell references shown.
3. For the words under Month type Jan into A4 and drag down to fill down.
4. For the numbers under Income type 2120 into B4 and drag down to copy.
5. For the numbers under Expenditure type 1900 into C4 and drag
down to copy. Then with the cells still marked go: Edit and Fill
and Series, and set the Step Value: to 5.
6. Mark the cells A3 to D3. Click on the Bold, and Centre buttons.
7. Click on A10, and then click the Bold and Right
Buttons.
8. Mark the cells A4 to A9 and click the Right
Button
9. Read the section below to set the cell widths
10. Then save the spreadsheet by going File, and
Save as.
11. In the File Name field type “your name”
Personal Expenses. Eg: John Personal Expenses. We will use this exercise in
later lessons.

Changing Cell widths

You will have noticed that some cells in the exercise above are wider than other
cells. The width of the cells can be set in a number of ways.

Changing cell widths by dragging

1. Move your cursor between A and B on the Column row as shown left.
2. Click and hold down your left mouse button and drag the cell A out to make
more room in the cell.
3. What happens if you move the cell boundary in too far and the words cannot fit
into the cell? (Try and then move the cells back again).
4. What happens when you move the cells with numbers in too close?

Page 7
Changing cell widths automatically
The cell widths can be set automatically by double clicking on the lines between
the cells, in the same place as above. The columns then will increase or decrease
to fit the biggest entry.

Formulas
Formulas are calculations created on the spreadsheets. Formulas range in
complexity from the easy ones below to extremely complicated formulas.
Use the following buttons to create mathematical symbols in the spreadsheet:

Page 8
+ to add It is important to note the order of the
- to subtract symbols when creating formulas.
/ to divide () Brackets are the first priority
* to multiply (to make this hold down the / Division is next
Shift key and press the 8) * Multiplication
% to make a percentage (Shift and 5) + Addition and finally
= to make equals - Subtraction is the last
priority

Page 9
 
B Formulas with numbers
1 =(3+4)/5
2 =3+4/5 1. In a new spreadsheet type in the formulas on the left into the formula
3 =3+(4/5) bar remembering to always include an = sign before the formula.
4 =(3+4)*5 2. Note how the differences in the answers depend on the order of the
5 =3+4*5 symbols
6 =3+(4*5)
7 =(3-4)/5
8 =3-4/5 Formulas with Cell
references
Up until now we have used numbers in our formulas.
Now however we will practice using cell references instead.

1. Type in the numbers on the right (they are in row 2)

2. Click on cell F2 to give it the focus.
3. Click into the formula bar and type in the
formula right. (You don’t need to have capital letters in the
cell references) Type in
here
4. Click on the Tick, or press Enter. This will place the answer into cell F2.
5. Using the above steps type the formula =C2+D2/E2 into the cell F3
6. Using the above steps type the formula =C2+(D2/E2) into the cell F4

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 
Inserting Cell References Automatically
Instead of typing in C2 each time you want it in the formula try the following:

1. Click in cell F5
2. In the formula bar type =
3. Now point to cell C2 on the spreadsheet and click it once, notice that the cell
reference C2 will appear in the formula bar.
4. Click back in the formula bar and type +
5. Point to, and click on cell D2
6. Click back on the formula bar and type *
7. Point to, and click on the cell E2. You should have the formula
=C2+D2*E2
8. Click on the Tick to finish the formula,
9. Save the exercise with “Your name” Formulas

Personal Expenses Exercise

1. Open the Spreadsheet “your name” Personal Expenses
2. Click in the cell D4, under the title Savings.
3. Type the following formula into the Formula bar: =B4-C4
4. Click the tick to see the answer in the cell.
5. Click on the Drag handle in the bottom right of the D4 cell and drag the
formula down to D9.

You should now have a table similar to the following.

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 
Functions
A function is a pre set formula used by the spreadsheet to perform calculations.
The most common function used is the SUM function.

The Sum Function

In earlier lessons we learned that we could add cells by writing the formula
=C2+D2+E2 adding up the cells C2 to E2 or (C1:E2).

However the computer can accomplish this automatically. By typing = to start the
formula then SUM and type in the range of the cells you want added together
inside of brackets. The Sum function will add this selection automatically. So the
formula we write will look like this: =Sum(C2:E2) The Colon : means To in the
formula giving the range from the beginning cell to the end cell.

Open the Personal Expenses exercise

1. Click on the cell B10
2. In the formula bar type the following formula
3. Click the Tick to see the answer
4. All the cells from B4 to B9 will be automatically added together. Note that
B4:B9 is the Range of the cells, from the top left to the bottom right.

The AutoSum button

The Instead of typing in the formula it can be automatically generated by using the
AutoSum
Button
AutoSum button from the toolbar.

1. Click in cell C10

2. Click on the AutoSum button on the toolbar
3. Note the shading covers the cells that
will be added together, and that the
formula appears in the cell box C10
as well as on the formula bar
4. Click on the Tick on the formula bar
and the cells will be automatically
added up.
5. Repeat the above to add up the
Savings column D10.

Page 12
 

Personal Expenses 2 Exercise

1. In a new spreadsheet type in the following information below, including June,
using the dragging to copy skills we have covered earlier to make the table
quickly. Read the notes below on creating each area first.
2. To make the Total Finance fields, use the AutoSum in B10 first. Click on
B10 then click on AutoSum, the formula will be inserted automatically. Then
click on the drag button and drag across to copy the cell to G10.
3. Click on each cell with the formula and note in the formula bar that the
formulas change to match the columns they are in. These are called Relative
formulas, because the change relative to the cells they are in.
4. Use Autosum for the Total Column by clicking in G6 and clicking the
AutoSum button to add the Credit card Row.
5. Drag the answer down to G10 to copy the formula
6. Click on each cell with the Total formula and note in the formula bar that the
formulas have changed to match the rows they are in
7. Don’t forget to create June, as shown on the spreadsheet.
8. Save the exercise with your name Personal Expenses 2

Type words into B1 Click here to adjust

make Bold and 14 cell width
point

Page 13
 
Accessing
other built-in
Functions
There are a number of methods that
can be used to insert functions into
your spreadsheet. In this section we
will examine some of the more
common methods whilst practicing
the new functions.

To select a function click on the

Function button on the toolbar
to open the Function window, and
then click on the function you want
to use.

The functions we will investigate should all be found under Most Recently Used,
however there are many more specialist functions available to use in the other
sections.

Average Function.
Imagine that you want to know the average amount of money you pay each month
for your total finance expenses.
The Average function can answer your question for you.

1. Using the exercise Personal Expenses 2, in Cell A12 type the heading
Average Expenses per month
2. Click In Cell A13 and click on the Function button to open the Function
window, and click on Average and OK.
3. The next screen asks for the range of the cells that you want to average.
Highlight the Total Finance row, without including the total in F11.
4. Click OK and note that the formula will be entered into A13 as you have
already given this cell the focus.
5. Click Finish. Note that the decimal points are not set. Format the answer as
Currency by clicking the $ Button on the tool bar

Page 14
 
Max and Min Function
Imagine that you also want to know the Maximum and Minimum amounts of
money you spend on expenses each month for your total finance expenses

1. Using the exercise Personal Expenses 2, in Cell A14 type the Heading
Maximum Expenses per month
2. Click In Cell A15 and using the Function window choose Max and click OK.

To find the minimum amount spent each month

1. In Cell A16 type the Heading Minimum Expenses per month

2. Click In Cell A17 and using the Function window choose Min and click OK.

If/Then Function.
Using this function you can set a one cell to show different values, such as words
or numbers, if another cell is true or false. The function uses three parts, If
something happens, Then do something, Otherwise do something else.

For example if the Total finance spent for six months is greater than 5351, you
can make a warning appear that reads Warning! Over Budget otherwise it would
say Under Budget.

This would be written as:

IF(G10>5351, “Warning! Over Budget”, “OK, Under Budget”)

If G10 is Then show ”Warning! Otherwise show “OK,

greater than Over Budget” Under Budget”
5351

In English, the above function says if G10 is greater than 5351, then put Warning!
Over Budget, otherwise put OK, Under Budget. This function can be great fun
and is worth learning to use. So gather your courage and do the following:

1. Using the exercise

Personal Expenses 2,
click in A18 and using the
Function window choose
IF and click OK

Page 15
 
2. Type in the 3 fields as shown left, remembering to include the “ ” marks
around the words.
3. Click OK
Note that quote marks are only needed with text, if you replace the words with
numbers, there is no need to use the quote marks.

Change some cells to see if it works. Try the If statement using other words,
numbers and fields.

The Count Functions

These simple functions count the number of cells highlighted.
Using the Function Window, find and use the Count function to count how
many number cells (cells containing numbers) are used in the Personal Expenses
spreadsheet.
Count Blank, and Count If, are two other functions that are also very useful.
Count Blank, will count the empty cells, and Count If will count cells that match a
set criteria.

PMT Function
Excel has a built-in function for computing loan payments called PMT. The
different fields to complete are:
Rate – the interest rate for the period in which
you're interested, divided by 12 months – for
example one year at 10%, is 10% divided by 12
or .0083 for Rate.
Nper - the number of periods you have to pay.
(For example, if you get a four-year car loan and
make monthly payments, your loan has 4x12 (or
48) periods. You would enter 48 into the formula
for Nper.
Pv - the present value or amount of the loan, - how much the loan is taken out
for.
Fv - the future value of the loan (this will be 0 if you intend to pay the loan off),
Type and the type of payment to be made (this is 0 if your payments begin at the
end of the month you get the loan; 1 if the payments begin immediately when you
get the loan -- 0 is the most common option here).

An exercise using this function will come on another sheet.

Page 16
Groceries Exercise
Using the formulas we have covered above create and complete the Groceries
Bill shown left.

The formulas we will use are:

Sum, Max, Min, and Average.

Save with “your name” and Groceries.

Page 17
International Academy Exercise

Using the formulas we have covered above create and complete the International
Academy spreadsheet shown below.

The formulas we will use are:

Sum, Max, Min, and Average.

Save with “your name” and Academy.

Moving Data on the

Spreadsheet.
One of the necessary tools in using a spreadsheet is being able to move data
around your spreadsheet. The most obvious method is to delete out the data you
don’t want in one place and type the new data into the place you want it. However
that method is long and tedious.

Page 18
Here are some more simpler and easier techniques for moving data

Cut and copy.

1. If you don’t already have it open, then open Academy
2. Mark the Name column including all the names, from A2 to A16.
3. Click on the Cut button
4. Move to J2 and click in the cell, to give it the focus.
5. Click the Paste button to paste the selection

Click and Drag.

1. Mark the Name column from J2 to J16 again.
2. Move your cursor to the edge, or boundary of the highlighted area.
3. Click and hold down the left mouse button and drag the cells back into their
original place.

Dragging Exercise
On a new spreadsheet, create the table below anywhere. Using cut and paste, and
Drag, rearrange all the years in consecutive order from 1995 to 1999.

Inserting Rows and Columns.

As well as being able to move cells around the spreadsheet it can be important to
learn how to add extra cells into an existing table or spreadsheet.

For this exercise we are going to create a place to move the June column into the
Personal Expenses 2 table.

Page 19
 


Inserting a new Column
1. Open the Personal Expenses 2 exercise. Click in the Column G marker to
highlight the entire G column.
2. Right click your mouse button and choose Insert.
3. A new column will be inserted, moving the Total column over one .
4. Highlight and drag the June Column into the space created in the new G
column.
5. Note that the formulas for the Total column have automatically added in the
new information.

Inserting a new Row

1. Open the Personal Expenses 2 exercise.
2. Insert a row by clicking on the Row 9 marker
3. Right click your mouse button and choose Insert.
4. Add in the following information and complete the table.
5. Hire Purchase with payments of $25 every month.

Deleting a row or Column.

1. Click the marker for the Row or column to highlight the entire row or column
2. Right click your mouse button and choose Delete.

Absolute and Relative Cell

references
In some situations you will not want the cell reference to change when copying
formulas across cells.

Below is an example where multiplying the Gross wages by the Tax, gives the
Tax Paid. Here if you drag the formula from C7 to H7 the equation will not
operate, as the tax cell B4 will also change. To prevent the formula changing the
cell B4 must be ‘locked’ into place – to prevent it changing when the formula is
dragged.

Page 20
  Use
AutoSu
m

Type 25% using

the keyboard %
(shift 5)

1. Type in the Spreadsheet below onto a new page and save it as ‘Your name’
Personal Income

Use 14pt and

2. Click on C7 and in the formula bar type the following: =C6*B4
bold
3. Click the Tick and drag the C7 cell to H7 to copy the formula across.
It is important
that you Note that the formula operates only in C7 but not in any other cell. In the other
understand the cells the B4 in the formula has changed to C4, or D4, or E4 etc all of which are
difference empty cells. These are Relative Cell references, as they change relative to the
between
cell.
Relative and
Absolute Cell
References
To lock the cell reference B4 into the formula type a $ before the cell reference,
so in the C7 formula we will replace B4 with $B$4. This creates an Absolute
Cell Reference, a cell reference that will not change.

1. In C7 type in the $ before the B and 4 and

drag over the old formula to copy to H7.
2. Use Auto Sum to total the Tax Paid range.

Personal Income Exercise

Our client makes candles as extra part time income, and as well as tax he pays
GST on the candles.
Using the Personal Income spreadsheet above modify the spreadsheet to add the
following below.

You will need to write a simple formula to calculate the Candles Net Income.
This formula will subtract the Tax and GST from the Gross wages. How will you
do it? Another formula is needed to achieve the total Net income in row 15.

Use Auto Sum for the Total Column.

Page 21
Some cells in the I column in particular may change to look like #####. This
means that the numbers are too big for the cell, and they cannot be viewed in the
cell. To fix this click and hold your left mouse button down on the line between
the Column letters and drag the line to the right to widen the cell, or double click
on the cell border line.

Page 22
 
Berry Pickers Exercise

1. Create the spreadsheet below. Both are on one page.

2. Use a formula to calculate the hours.
3. Using an Absolute cell reference create a formula in B22 for Fred that
multiplies the Hourly pay rate by the Hours he worked on Monday (B6).
4. Copy the formula right across the page to G20.
5. Copy the range from
B20 to G20 down the
page to fill the
spreadsheet.
6. Use a formula to
calculate the Pay
received by each
person.
7. Check your answer is
the same as below and
save as “Your Name”
Berry Pickers

Page 23
 

Formatting Cells
There are many presentation techniques that can be used on your spreadsheet to
make it easy on the eye.

Some of these are the following, be sure to experiment with the techniques used
and investigate any others we have not covered in this section.

Type in the following spreadsheet outlining our clients car expenses and save as

“Your Name” Car Expenses.

Centering across Columns

Instead of having the heading Auto Expenses on the left of the Spreadsheet it can
be centred across the spreadsheet..

1. Mark the cells B4 to H4, so that they are highlighted.

2. Click on the Merge and Centre button. .
3. Click the Bold button to make bold.
4. Note that although the heading is in the middle of the selection, the words are
still in the cell B4, not in any other cell in the heading line. Click on C4 and
D4, to see what I mean.

Word colour and Cell colours.

It is easy to change the colours of the words or the cells.
1. First highlight the cell you want to change.
2. Then either click on the colours shown on the buttons, to put
that colour into the cell, or choose another colour by clicking
on the small down arrow and choosing a new colour.

Page 24
Vertical Adjustment within rows
We can also stretch out rows and set the text within the row to the Top, Centre or
bottom, of the Row.

1. Move your mouse arrow over the line under row 4, as shown left, and click and
drag down to extend the height of the row.

Page 25
 2. Click in row marker 4 to highlight
the row, and click your Right
mouse button. From the menu

 click on Format cells.

 3. Click on the Alignment Tab and

then under the Vertical section
choose Centre.
4. Click again on the Alignment tab,
and then click Centre from the
selection under Vertical and then
OK.

Note that the heading is now centred within the row, and centred across the
selection of the columns.

Using the Font window in the same Format cells screen, make the font size of
the heading 14, and the font Times New Roman.

Wrapping text within a cell.

Words that go over the edge of the cell border will still be seen in the table if the
next cell is empty, as in the Unexpected Expenses heading in our example above.
But if there is something in the next cell the information will seem to disappear.
We can however make the words ‘wrap’ within the cell, that is start another line
to fit into the cell boundaries. It’s very useful to know, and here’s how we do it.

1. Click on C5 and in the formula bar add the words Vic and click the tick.
Note that Vic is not shown on the Spreadsheet.
2. Open the Format Cells Window and again click on the Alignment tab. Click
on Wrap Text, and click OK.
3. Using Wrap Text, wrap the words Unexpected Expenses so they are in the
same cell.
4. Use the Centre button (left) from the toolbar to centre the text within the cell.

Page 26
 Number Formats.
 The numbers themselves can be formatted as
either, general, currency, percentage etc, using
the same Format Cells window.

1. Mark the cells C6 to G6 containing the

numbers. Open the Format Cells window,
click on the Number tab and then click
Currency.
2. Click in the Negative numbers in Red field
to show deficits in red. Note that you can set
the decimal places if wished (however they
are set correctly for currency already)
3. Investigate the other formats available,
Currency, Percentage and General are the
most common ones, and we will use others later in the manual.

Deleting Rows and Columns

To delete an entire row or column click on the Row number or the Column
letter to highlight the entire row or column. Then with your mouse arrow in the
shaded area, click your right mouse button to show the menu and click Delete.
Using the Car Expenses exercise delete out Column A by the following:
1. Click on the A Column Letter.
2. Put your arrow into the shaded area and click your right mouse button.
3. Choose Delete from the menu.

Car Expenses Exercise

Combining all we have learnt so far create the spreadsheet below using the Car
expenses spreadsheet as the basis for your new sheet. This spreadsheet breaks
down the yearly expenses into monthly and weekly totals so our client can set
aside a budget for the car. All the new fields can be dragged to save time.

In B7 create a
formula to divide
the Registration by
the 12 months of
the year.

In B8 divide B6 by 52 weeks. Drag both across to the G column.

 Set the cells black and the letters white where shown.

Page 27
 Mark the entire table and use the Border options in the Format Cells window
to set the double line around the table.

Page 28
Sorting
Sorting data on a sheet is very easy to do. Click on the first cell of the column
you want sorted and click on the Sort Ascending, or Sort Descending, buttons
on the toolbar.

Multiple columns can be sorted at once. Highlight the columns you want to sort
and then go: Data, from the Menu, and click on Sort. Choose the fields you want
sorted.

Garage Sale Exercise

1. Create the Garage Sale spreadsheet
2. Widen the column to best fit the items
3. Format the numbers to Currency using
Format Cells.
4. Using formulas do the following:
5. Calculate the total
6. Calculate the cheapest
7. Calculate the most expensive
8. Calculate the number of items.
9. Click on cell A2 containing Ladder. Click on
the Sort Ascending button to sort.
10. Sort the money in ascending order.
11. Save as “Your Name” Garage sale

Page 29
Lookup Function
Imagine you want to type a number or word into your spreadsheet and
immediately have a related number or word available.
Using Excel you can look up a table containing the information you want and call
down another value in that table.

For example:
George needs to know how many days there are in each month so he can calculate
his income as he works out his spreadsheet. To achieve this he has made two
columns containing the months of the year, and how many days in the month.

Do the following:
1. In cell A1 type in Jan and drag down until you have the first six
months.
2. In cell B1 type in the number of days for each month.
3.Now for this function to operate you must sort the months
alphabetically so click on cell A1 and click the Sort button
(The first column must always be sorted). Note that the second column
also changes to stay the same as the first once they are sorted.
4. Below the Monthly table, create the spreadsheet shown

5. In B11 we are going to place the Look Up formula that will read the month
from B10 (Jan), then look up the table (A1:A6) and display the days
from (B1:B6).
6. Click in B11 and
find the Look Up
Function using the
Function Button.
7. Type in the values
shown in the three
windows. We are
going to look up
B10, read the
month in that cell,
then find the
month in the range
A1:A6. The day will be found in the range B1:B6.
8. Click OK if the Formula result = 31, otherwise check your input and correct.

Page 30
 9. If you drag the formula from B11 to G11 the values will change as the cell
references are Relative. You must make them all Absolute except for B10 .
How will you do that?
10. Create the Daily Income fields as well and save as Look-Up exercise.

Harry’s Bar Date and Time

exercise
Harry’s Bar needs a timesheet to record the hours of its casual workers.
Create the spreadsheet below using the following functions.
Hour
Minute
Now
All functions are opened with the Function Button.

E2

Format cells B5 to C10 as time.

Format cell E2 as below

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 Using Sheets
In Excel there are a number of sheets, like pages, that you can use at once. By
clicking on a Sheet Tab you can move between the sheets, and easily rename,
add, or delete sheets.

In this exercise we are going to use the sheets to create a multi-sheet expenses
book.

1. We need a total of 4 worksheets in our workbook, so to add another

sheet to the Workbook Right Click on a Sheet tab and choose Insert,
click on Worksheet, and click OK. A new sheet will be added called
Sheet 4. (Note that if you have an earlier version of Excel there will
already be sufficient sheets visible).

2. Then we must rename the sheets to be used. Click with your Right
Mouse button on Sheet1. Click on Rename and call the sheet Vehicle
Expenses.
3. Rename Sheet2 to Van 1, Sheet 3 to Van 2, and Sheet 4 to Car 1.

4. Reorder the sheets so Vehicle Expenses is first by Clicking

on the Vehicle Expenses tab and holding down the Left
Mouse button. Drag the Vehicle Expenses tab to the left to
move the tab.

5. On Car 1 sheet, create the spreadsheet below. Use a formula for Total, and
Cost per km.
6. Copy the spreadsheet to Van 1 and Van 2 sheets and change the numbers as
shown.

Car 1 Van 1 Van 2

7. On the Vehicle Expenses sheet below, create the spreadsheet shown.

8. Click in the cell B9 to make the formula. Type = in the formula bar then click
on Car 1 sheet and click on D4 and click the tick to complete the formula.
The formula will look like the one below and the cell will have 100,000 in it.

9. Complete the fields copying from the Van and Car sheets back to the main
sheet.
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10. Complete the Total fields with formulas.

11. Using this system individual

records can be maintained
for each vehicle. Change
some of the numbers for the
vehicles on their individual
sheets and note the changes
to the main sheet.

Save as Sheets exercise

Macro’s: Automating tasks

A macro is a series of commands and functions can be run whenever you need to
perform a task. You record then run the macro to repeat, or "play back," the
commands. Before recording a macro, plan the steps and commands you want the
macro to perform. If you make a mistake when you record the macro the
corrections you make will also be recorded.

In this exercise we are going to make a simple macro that moves a

column of numbers across 2 columns and then a second macro to return
the column back to the original position.

1. Open the Spreadsheet Macro, or type in the information left on a

new spreadsheet.
2. On the Tools menu, point to Macro, and then click
Record.
3. In the Macro name box, enter the name Move for the
macro.
4. To run the macro with a keyboard-shortcut key, enter
the letter (m) in the Shortcut key box and complete
the description window.
5. Click OK, the macro will begin to record.
6. The small window that appears shows the Stop button and the button that
changes the macro between absolute and relative cell references. The
macro will automatically select the same cell reference every time it’s
played back regardless of which cell is highlighted when the macro is run
because it records absolute cell references. If you want a macro to select
cells in relation to the position of the highlighted cell when you run the
macro, press the button to record relative cell references.
7. Highlight the column C3 to C9 right click your mouse button
and choose copy.
8. Right click in E3 and choose Paste Special and click Skip
blanks. Skip blanks will prevent blank cells from being copied

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 over cells with characters in them. This is a good safety tool to prevent
accidentally erasing your data.
9. Now that you have 2 columns of data, go back to the C3 to C9 column and
delete out the data
10. Press the Stop button, you have created your first macro.
11. Return the Column E numbers back to Column C and press CTRL m to
run your macro.

Extra Exercises
 Run the macro again to move the data to column E, and then create a second
macro, called Return to return the column back to the original position.
 Using the Add operation under Paste Special, create a macro that adds the
numbers in column C to a new column in F. Each time you run this macro the
numbers in F will increase by the numbers in E.

Run a macro from a button

You can easily assign a macro to a button on your worksheet. When you click the
button your macro will run automatically. We will use the macro’s we have
already created in this exercise.
1. Open the Forms Toolbar by going View / Toolbars / Forms.
2. Click on the Button symbol and drag a button onto your spreadsheet.
3. In the Assign Macro window click on the macro you want the button to run, in
this case the Move macro and then click OK.
4. Resizing and moving the button is easiest if you click on the Select Objects
arrow on the Drawing toolbar before attempting to work with the button.
This will prevent you accidentally starting the macro.
5. With the Select Objects button on, double click on the button to change
the Font, Format and Colour of the text.
6. Create a button for both the Move and the Return Macro’s and size them
together in a suitable place.

Run a macro from a Toolbar

1. It is also easy to attach a macro to a toolbar button where
you can easily use it.
2. Go: View / toolbar / Customise to open the Customise
window
3. Click on the Macro category and drag
the custom button onto the toolbar to
where you want your button to be.

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4. 4 Right-click the button, and then click Assign Macro on the shortcut
menu.
5. In the Macro name box, enter the name of the macro.

Once created the button can be edited to meet your needs. Use Change
Button Image to select another picture, or more creatively use Edit Button
Image to edit the picture on the button.

These features are available for any button whenever the

Customise window is open.

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Charting
One of the most important and enjoyable tools
in Excel is the charting tool. There are a
myriad variety of charts available, we will
practice making a simple chart then use more
advanced methods later.
1. Open the File Charting from S:Artfiles /
Computer Exercise / Excel.
2. The table below will be found under
Exercise 1 (If you don’t have access to the
table type it in.)
3. Highlight the Arrivals and Departures
columns (B3 toC14) including both
headings

4. Click on the Chart button then click on Line,

and click on Next.
5. When you reach Step Two, click
on the Series Tab.
6. Then click your cursor in the
Category (X) axis labels window
as at left.
7. Go back to your table
and then highlight the
Years column, from
A4 to A14, without
the Year heading.
8. Click Next for Step
3. Complete the
Chart Title,
Category, and Value
fields as shown at the
left.
9. In Step 4 have the
chart on a new sheet.
10. Double click in the
middle of your new chart
to open the Format Plot
Area Window. Click on
None for area, to remove
the background color.

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 11. Click on the Drawing button to open the drawing toolbar.

12. Use a text box to make a place in the bottom right of your chart with your
name in it.

George’s Chocolate Sales

Exercise
Create the Chocolate sales figures in the table below.
Use the manual if you are unsure of the following skills needed::
Wrapping text in a cell – for cells A2, H2, A9.
Vertical Adjustment within rows – for cells B2 to G2 (set the vertical
adjustment to Top)

Format all money to currency format. (Number Formats section in Manual)

Calculate the monthly total by entering a formula into B9 to sum column B. Drag
this formula to G9.

The commission paid to George is 15% of the Monthly total. Using Absolute and
Relative Cell references create a formula to show George’s Income in cells B13
to H13.

George’s Average daily Gross Income is the amount of income he receives

divided by the number of days in each month.

Create a custom number format

1. Select the cells you want to format.
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2. On the Format menu, click Cells, and then click the Number tab.
3. In the Category box, click a category, and then select a built-in format that
resembles the one you want.
4. In the Category box, click Custom.
5. In the Type box, edit the number format codes to create the format you want.
Editing a built-in format does not remove it.

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