April 10, 1928. A. V.

JERNBERG
1,665,267
PROCESS OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL FOGS
Filed July 14, 1925

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 Patented Apr. 10, 1928. 1,665,267
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
AxEL vIDAR JERNBERG, OF TIDAHOLM, SWEDEN.
PROCESS OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL FOGS.
Application filed July 14, 1925, Serial No. 43,655, and in Sweden July 22, 1924.
In the production of artificial fogs it is transferred into a suitable form (for in 55
necessary, in order to obtain a successful stance by heating the container by steam
result as well as from an economical point from
of view, the conduit 3) the cock 1 is opened,
used in theto production
have the material or materials
of the fog whereby the gas for example steam or com
as finely bustion gases flows into the tube B and
divided as possible before entering the open further through the tube 9, thereby sucking 60
air and to see that the concentration of the with it on both sides of the tube B air from
fog particles formed during the process does the air inlet 8. If now the fog producing
l) not become so large on any point, that an material for example phosphorus is intro
agglomeration of such particles can take
place at that point, thereby reducing the duced a first
into the tube B E. the conduit 7
decomposition of said material takes 65
efficiency of formation of the fog.
My invention refers to a process for ob is formedthatwhich
place in tube whereby a current of gas
when leaving the tube B
5 taining the best possible result in this re joins with the current of air, passing out
spect and used
materials, consists in production,
for the that the material or side the tube. This current, however, has
are finely
not the same speed as that passing through
divided in two or more stages before enter the 70
ing the open air. This division can be tube B, for which reason a friction be
executed in several ways, either chemically tween the two currents occurs, causing an
20
or mechanically or in a combined mechanico effective division or pulverization of the fog
chemical way. producing material. The division thus has
The nature of the process may suitably be been carried out in two stages or phases, viz, 75
within the tube B and when leaving it.
explained by a description of a practicall Simultaneously the concentration of the fog
tested apparatus for its performance. particles, generated in B is diminished. A
constructional form of such an apparatus further division or pulverization of the fog
(smoke or fog-syringe)
grammatically is illustrateddraw
in the accompanying dia producing material as well as a further di 80
ing. The apparatus consists minishing of the concentration of the fog
fog syringe, comprising a tubeof 9,a smoke
closed or
at particles for the same reason takes place
30 its back end and with its other end open and when the current of gas passes from the tube
9 to the outer tube 10 and also when the said
projecting into another, and wider tube 10,
provided with a spreading screen S at its current strikes the screen S. When the fog
outer end. The tube 9 surrounds a tube B current leaves the apparatus at S the fog 85
(the mixer) and is provided with an inlet producing material thus has been pulverized
35 8 for air or another gas in its back part. four times. . . .
Through the back end of the tube 9 runs a If the fog producing material used is such
pipe 1, forming an inlet for the fluid or that it becomes chemically combined with
fluids (gases or liquids) used in the produc the “driving gas' and the air at their con 90
tion of fogs with this apparatus. A double tact, whereby heat is generated, still one
40
walled container D for the fog-producing phase of pulverization arises, because the
materials for instance phosphorus is placed gases are expanded by the heat developed at
above the tube 9 and is connected to con. the reaction, whereby the speed of the gas 95
duits or pipes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,7. The contents is increased, thus contributing to the pull
of the container may be delivered into the verization of the fog producing material
45 interior of the tube 9 by means of the con and a decrease in the concentration of the
duits 6, 7, and suitable gases (as air, steam, fog particles already formed.
combustion gases from a motor and the like) Another method of producing artificial
may be forced into the conduit 7 or into the fogs according to the present invention con 00
space between the double walls of the con sists in forcing a diluting gas through the
50 tainer D or in the interior of said container tube 2 into the material flowing through the
by means of the conduits 2, 3, 4. tube 7 in which case the fog producing ma
The apparatus operates as hereinafter de terial will become extremely finely pull 105
scribed. When the fog-producing material verized at the entrance in the tube B&c.
has been introduced into the container D and theAbout
pipesthe same5. result is obtained by using
4 and
 1,665,267
The fog producing nature of my invention and the manner of 15
introduced in the tubematerial
9 throughalsothemay be its operation, what I claim is:
perfo
rated pipe 6, whereby the material at first A process of producing artificial fogs ac
is divided in several fine currents, which are cording to the smoke syringe method, which
further divided by the driving gas current comprises introducing melted phosphorus,
and the air. repeatedly effecting a fine division of the
The feeding-pipes 6 and 7 for the fog pro phosphorus by the application of fluid pres 20
ducing material may also be heated, so that sure, and thereafter delivering the finely di
the said material after the entrance in them vided material to the open air.
O totally or partially is brought into a gaseous In testimony whereof I have signed my
condition, before it meets the driving gas name to this specification.
current.
Having now particularly described the AXEL WIDAR JERNBERG.