FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND

COMMUNICATION STUDIES
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STUDIES
UNDERGRADUATE WORK

UPSA ALUMNI CONNECT WEBSITE

BY

ABNOWEL SAM
DENNIS OWUSU ANSAH
HANS OPOKU

APRIL 2024
UPSA ALUMNI CONNECT WEBSITE
 THIS PROJECT REPORT IS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT
OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STUDIES OF THE FACULTY
OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATION
STUDIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES,
ACCRA, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR A BACHELOR OF
SCIENCE DEGREE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
MANAGEMENT

APRIL 2024

CANDIDATES’ DECLARATION

We, the undersigned do hereby declare that this dissertation is the result of our original research

and that no part of it has been presented for another Degree in any University. We are convinced

that this project was not copied from any other person. All sources of information have,

however, been acknowledged with due respect.

 ABNOWEL DENNIS HANS

SAM OWUSU ANSAH OPOKU

INDEX INDEX INDEX

SIGN SIGN SIGN

____________ _______________ __________

DATE DATE DATE

SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION

I declare that the preparation and presentation of this Dissertation were in accordance with the

guidelines on supervision of Dissertation laid down by the University of Professional Studies,

Accra (UPSA).

Supervisor’s Name: Dr. Mrs. Millicent Agangiba

Supervisor’s Signature…………

Date: ……………….
 DEDICATION

This dissertation is dedicated to God Almighty, who has been of tremendous help in making this

study a success. Also, to our beloved parents and benefactors for sponsoring our education and

to all UPSA teaching and non-teaching staff for their explicit support, we dedicate this work to

you all.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We extend our first gratitude to Almighty God for protecting and guiding us through the

University of Professional Studies, Accra (UPSA) and to our unrelenting supervisor, Dr.

Millicent Agangiba, under whose guidance and supervision this research has become a success.

We remain extremely grateful. We further extend gratitude to all lecturers and students whose

diverse contributions have led to the successful completion of this study.

 ABSTRACT
The current landscape of UPSA alumni engagement is the lack of a centralized and dynamic
platform to effectively connect alumni with undergraduate students, showcase alumni
achievements, facilitate donations, and disseminate updates from the school. Traditional
methods prove insufficient for meeting the evolving needs of a modern and interconnected
society. The objective of this project is to design, develop, and implement a user-friendly web
application that enhances alumni engagement, fosters collaboration between alumni and current
undergraduate students facilitates internship opportunities, showcases alumni achievements,
streamlines donation processes, and provides timely updates from UPSA. The project adopted
an agile methodology enabling flexibility, continuous improvement, and adaptive planning
based on user feedback and changing requirements. Implementation of the project resulted in
the development of key components such as user registration and authentication, alumni
profiles, internship opportunities, achievement showcase, donation portal, and notification
features. The implications of the project are significant, as the UPSA Alumni Web Application
aims to bridge the gap between alumni and the university community, fostering a culture of
collaboration, engagement, and lifelong connection among all stakeholders.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
CANDIDATES’ DECLARATION 4
SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION 5
DEDICATION 6
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7
ABSTRACT 8
List of Tables 14
List of Figures 15
CHAPTER 1 16
GENERAL INTRODUCTION 16
1.1 Introduction 16
1.2 Background of the study 16
1.3 Statement of the Problem 17
1.4 Scope of the Project 18
1.5.1 General Objective 21
1.5.2 Specific Objectives 22
1. Develop a user-friendly website for UPSA alumni, featuring interactive elements for
alumni engagement and communication. 22
2. Implement a registration and authentication system for alumni to create and manage their
profiles securely. 22
3. Design an intuitive interface for alumni to showcase their achievements, including
academic, professional, and personal accomplishments. 22
 4. Enable a job and internship board where alumni can post opportunities and current
students can apply, fostering collaboration and mentorship. 22
5. Establish a donation portal with secure payment processing, allowing alumni to contribute
to UPSA initiatives and projects. 22
6. Integrate notification features to keep alumni informed about university updates, events,
and news. 22
7. Ensure scalability and future expansion by designing the website architecture to
accommodate potential mobile application development. 22
8. Conduct user testing and feedback sessions to refine and optimize the website's
functionality and user experience based on alumni preferences and needs. 22
1.7 Methodology 23
1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY 24
LITERATURE REVIEW 26
2.1 Introduction 26
2.2 General Background of the Study Area 27
2.3 Review of Existing Systems 28
2.4 Comparative Study of Reviewed Systems 30
Table 2.4.1 Comparative study of reviewed websites 31
2.5 Conclusion 33
CHAPTER THREE 34
LIFE CYCLE DESIGN OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM 34
3.1 Introduction 34
3.2 Crystallization of the Problem 35
3.3 Analysis and Design of the System 37
3.4 FLOW CHART DIAGRAM 39
3.6 CONCLUSION 44
CHAPTER FOUR 44
SYSTEM TESTING, IMPLEMENTATION AND DOCUMENTATION 44
SYSTEM TESTING 44
CHAPTER FIVE 51
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 51
5.1 INTRODUCTION 51
5.2 SUMMARY 51
5.3 CONTRIBUTION 52
5.4 Limitations of the Study 54
5.6 Conclusion 56
APPENDICES 57
 List of Tables

Table 3.1: Hardware Requirements………………………………...…………………………….22

Table 3.2: Software Requirements….……………………………...…………………………….22
 List of Figures

Figure 2.1 Bima Application………………………………………………………………….19

Figure 3.1: System
Flowchart……………………………………………………………………21
Figure 3.2: Context Diagram………………………………………………………………….....24
Figure 3.3: ER Diagram………………………………………………………………………...25
Figure 3.4: Data Flow
Diagram.………….……………………………………………………...25
Figure 3.3: Use Case
Diagram……………..………………………………………………….....25
 CHAPTER 1

GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
At the University of Professional Studies, Accra (UPSA), fostering lifelong connections and

facilitating continuous engagement among our esteemed alumni is paramount. With the growing

value of networking, as society grows more interconnected due to the advancement of

technology and the internet, we propose the development of the UPSA Alumni Web Application.

Leveraging cutting-edge technologies such as PHP Laravel, SQL, HTML, JavaScript, and

Tailwind CSS, this platform will provide a seamless and intuitive experience, empowering our

alumni to connect, collaborate, and contribute to the growth and development of the UPSA

community.

1.2 Background of the study

Salazar and Schelbe (2021) underscore the evolving landscape of student success in higher

education. Their study, which focused on factors associated with post-college success for foster

care alumni college graduates, sheds light on the multifaceted dimensions of success beyond

traditional metrics such as grade point averages and research citations. By examining the

during-college factors that contribute to better employment, financial, and mental health-related

outcomes for college graduates with foster care experience, the study highlights the importance

of holistic support systems in fostering positive post-graduation trajectories.

Salazar and Schelbe's findings resonate deeply with our commitment to nurturing lifelong

connections and empowering our alumni community to thrive beyond graduation. As we

envision the UPSA Alumni Web Application as a platform for facilitating meaningful

engagement and fostering continued growth, their research serves as a valuable framework for
understanding the diverse pathways to success and the critical role that universities play in

shaping the trajectories of their graduates.

Thus, we set out on this journey to create a dynamic digital platform that not only celebrates the

accomplishments of our alumni but also acts as a catalyst for their continued success and

collective impact within the UPSA community and beyond. This path is guided by study findings

and motivated by our commitment to creating inclusive and beneficial places.

1.3 Statement of the Problem

In the current landscape of alumni engagement, universities face significant challenges in

effectively connecting alumni with undergraduate students, providing opportunities for

internships, showcasing alumni achievements, facilitating donations to the institution, and

disseminating updates from the school. Traditional methods of alumni engagement prove

insufficient in meeting the evolving needs of a modern, interconnected society. The lack of a

centralized and dynamic platform hampers effective communication, limits networking

opportunities, and fails to leverage the full potential of alumni contributions to the university

community.

As a result, universities struggle to foster meaningful connections between alumni and current

students, hindering opportunities for mentorship, career guidance, and professional development.

Additionally, the absence of a streamlined process for alumni to apply for internships and stay

informed about relevant opportunities leaves both alumni and undergraduate students without a

clear pathway for collaboration and mutual support.

Furthermore, the inability to showcase alumni achievements and facilitate donations to the

institution represents a missed opportunity to celebrate the accomplishments of past graduates

and secure vital financial support for the university's initiatives and programs. Without a

centralized platform to engage alumni effectively, universities risk losing touch with their alumni

community and missing out on valuable contributions to campus life and development.

In light of these challenges, there is a pressing need for a comprehensive solution that leverages

modern technology to connect alumni with undergraduate students, facilitate career

opportunities, showcase alumni achievements, streamline donation processes, and provide timely

updates from the school. By addressing these key areas of concern, the UPSA Alumni Web

Application seeks to bridge the gap between alumni and the university community, fostering a

culture of collaboration, engagement, and lifelong connection among all stakeholders.

1.4 Scope of the Project

The scope of our project encompasses the development of a comprehensive web application

tailored to address the challenges faced in alumni engagement at the University of Professional

Studies, Accra (UPSA). This web application will serve as the primary platform for connecting

alumni with undergraduate students, facilitating employment opportunities, showcasing alumni

achievements, streamlining donation processes, and providing timely updates from the

university.

Key Components of the Web Application:

User Registration and Authentication: The web application will feature user registration and

authentication functionalities to ensure secure access for alumni, undergraduate students, and

administrators.
Alumni Profiles: Alumni will have the ability to create and maintain detailed profiles within the

platform, showcasing their educational background, career achievements, and professional

experiences.

Career Opportunities: The web application will provide a dedicated section for posting

opportunities, such as internships or positions available to UPSA alumni, allowing them to

explore and apply for relevant positions.

Achievement Showcase: Alumni will be able to highlight their accomplishments and

contributions to the UPSA community through the achievement showcase feature, which may

include publications, awards, and notable projects.

Donation Portal: A secure donation portal will be integrated into the web application, enabling

alumni to contribute to the university's initiatives, scholarship funds, and development projects.

Communication Hub: The platform will serve as a centralized communication hub, delivering

updates, news, and event notifications from the university to alumni and undergraduate students.

Mobile Responsiveness: While the initial focus will be on the development of the web

application, considerations will be made for future expansion into mobile app development to

enhance accessibility and user experience.

Project Timeline and Deployment:

The project will be executed in multiple phases, with the initial phase focusing on the

development and deployment of the web application. The timeline for the project will be

outlined as follows:

Phase 1: Planning and Requirements Gathering

Phase 2: Design and Development of the Web Application

Phase 3: Testing and Quality Assurance

Phase 4: Deployment and Launch

Phase 5: Ongoing Maintenance and Support

The web application will be initially deployed to a select group of UPSA alumni and

stakeholders for testing and feedback, with subsequent releases planned for broader deployment

across the alumni community.

Data Security and Privacy:

Data security and privacy will be paramount throughout the project, with measures implemented

to safeguard user information, transaction data, and communication channels. Compliance with

relevant data protection regulations and best practices will be ensured to maintain the integrity

and confidentiality of user data.

By addressing these key areas of concern and delivering a robust web application solution, the

UPSA Alumni Web Application project aims to foster stronger connections, engagement, and

collaboration within the UPSA alumni community while providing valuable support to the

university's initiatives and objectives.

1.5.1 General Objective

The general objective of the UPSA Alumni Web Application Project is to design, develop, and

implement a comprehensive online platform that enhances alumni engagement, fosters

collaboration between alumni and current undergraduate students, facilitates internship

opportunities, showcases alumni achievements, streamlines donation processes, and provides

timely updates from the University of Professional Studies, Accra (UPSA). This initiative aims
to strengthen connections and communication channels within the UPSA community, offering

alumni avenues for mentorship, knowledge sharing, and career guidance, while also providing

internship opportunities to apply skills in real-world settings. Through dedicated profiles and

achievement showcases, alumni accomplishments will be celebrated, inspiring current students

and fostering pride within the community. Additionally, a user-friendly donation portal will

enable alumni contributions to UPSA initiatives, while regular updates and event notifications

will keep stakeholders informed and engaged. The project will be executed with milestones

ensuring timely completion and may expand to mobile app development for enhanced

accessibility. Ultimately, the UPSA Alumni Web Application Project seeks to solidify the bond

between UPSA and its alumni, contributing to the university's continued growth and success.
1.5.2 Specific Objectives
1. Develop a user-friendly website for UPSA alumni, featuring interactive elements for
alumni engagement and communication.

2. Implement a registration and authentication system for alumni to create and manage their
profiles securely.

3. Design an intuitive interface for alumni to showcase their achievements, including

academic, professional, and personal accomplishments.

4. Enable a job and internship board where alumni can post opportunities and current
students can apply, fostering collaboration and mentorship.

5. Establish a donation portal with secure payment processing, allowing alumni to

contribute to UPSA initiatives and projects.

6. Integrate notification features to keep alumni informed about university updates, events,
and news.

7. Ensure scalability and future expansion by designing the website architecture to

accommodate potential mobile application development.

8. Conduct user testing and feedback sessions to refine and optimize the website's
functionality and user experience based on alumni preferences and needs.

1.7 Methodology
A methodology is the systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study.

It comprises the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a

branch of knowledge. Typically, it encompasses concepts such as paradigms, theoretical models,

phases, and quantitative or qualitative techniques (Irny et al., 2005),

Considering the nature of our web application we will be adapting the Agile Methodology.
 Agile methodology is an iterative and collaborative approach to project management that

focuses on flexibility and continuous improvement. This methodology offers several advantages

for the development of an immersive online platform aimed at enhancing financial literacy

regarding exchange rate dynamics. Its iterative approach allows for continuous improvement

based on user feedback, enabling the team to deliver a product that better meets the evolving

needs of stakeholders. Additionally, Agile promotes adaptive planning, enabling the team to

respond quickly to changing requirements and market dynamics. However, Agile also has its

disadvantages, including the potential for scope creep and the need for active involvement and

collaboration from all stakeholders throughout the development process.

Figure 1.1 The agile software development life cycle

1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

Chapter 1: Introduction

This chapter provides an overview of the research problem, outlining the background, context,

and significance of the study. It includes a statement of the research problem, research questions,

and objectives. Additionally, the chapter discusses the scope and limitations of the study,

providing a clear framework for the research.

Chapter 2: Literature Review

In this chapter, the relevant literature pertaining to the research questions is reviewed and

synthesized. Theoretical frameworks and concepts are explored, providing a foundation for the

study's methodology and analysis. The chapter critically evaluates previous research and

identifies gaps in the literature that the current study aims to address.

Chapter 3: Research Methodology

This chapter details the design of the study, including the research approach, sampling strategy,

data collection methods, and data analysis techniques. It justifies the chosen methodology and

provides a rationale for the research decisions made. Ethical considerations and limitations are

also discussed in this chapter.

Chapter 4: Results

In this chapter, the findings of the survey research are presented and analyzed. The data collected

from the survey are organized and summarized using tables, graphs, and charts to illustrate key

trends and patterns. The results are interpreted in light of the research questions and theoretical

framework established in the literature review.

Chapter 5: Discussion and Conclusion

This final chapter discusses the implications of the study's findings, relates them to the existing

literature, and addresses the research questions. It offers interpretations of the results, considers

their significance, and discusses any unexpected findings. Finally, the chapter concludes with a

summary of the key findings, implications for theory and practice, and suggestions for future

research directions.
 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction

In the digital era, fostering alumni engagement is paramount, and as we embark on developing

the UPSA Alumni Web Application, leveraging cutting-edge technologies like PHP Laravel,

SQL, HTML, JavaScript, and Tailwind CSS becomes pivotal in creating a seamless platform.

This literature review serves as a foundational exploration, emphasizing the importance of such
advancements in facilitating connectivity, collaboration, and contribution within the UPSA

community. Through an exhaustive examination of existing literature, we aim to elucidate best

practices, challenges, and opportunities inherent in alumni engagement solutions, informing our

strategic framework. By harnessing collective wisdom, we aspire to design a comprehensive

alumni web application that sets new standards for digital engagement in higher education,

fostering lifelong connections, knowledge exchange, and collaboration within the UPSA

community while enhancing user experience and participation.

2.2 General Background of the Study Area

The domain of alumni engagement within higher education institutions stands as a critical nexus

where the past converges with the present to shape the future. Universities like the University of

Professional Studies, Accra (UPSA), recognize the profound impact of alumni networks in

fostering institutional growth, knowledge exchange, and community cohesion. In recent years, as

digital technologies have permeated every facet of society, the landscape of alumni engagement

has undergone a significant transformation. The emergence of sophisticated web applications,

social media platforms, and communication tools has provided unprecedented opportunities for

alumni to connect, collaborate, and contribute in once unimaginable ways. Understanding the

evolving dynamics of alumni engagement in the digital age is essential for institutions like UPSA

to effectively harness the potential of their alumni networks. Therefore, this study delves into the

multifaceted realm of alumni engagement, exploring the intersection of technology, community

building, and institutional advancement. By examining the broader context of digital networking,

technological innovations, and best practices in alumni engagement platforms, this study seeks to

lay the groundwork for the development of the UPSA Alumni Web Application. With a

comprehensive understanding of the study area, informed by scholarly research and practical
insights, we aim to create a dynamic digital ecosystem that empowers its alumni community to

thrive and contribute meaningfully to the university's ongoing success and development.

2.3 Review of Existing Systems

Existing literature provides a rich tapestry of insights into the landscape of alumni engagement

platforms, offering valuable perspectives on the functionality, effectiveness, and user experience

of various systems deployed in diverse educational contexts. A comprehensive review reveals a

spectrum of approaches ranging from rudimentary online directories to sophisticated,

feature-rich web applications tailored to meet the evolving needs of alumni communities.

Traditional alumni engagement systems often consist of basic online directories or static

websites, providing limited functionality for alumni to connect and interact. While these systems

may serve as repositories for contact information and event announcements, they typically lack

the dynamic features necessary to foster meaningful engagement and collaboration. Research by

Johnson et al. (2018) underscores the limitations of such static platforms, emphasizing the need

for universities to adopt more interactive and personalized approaches to alumni engagement.

In response to these challenges, a growing number of institutions have embraced more advanced

alumni engagement platforms powered by contemporary technologies such as PHP Laravel,

SQL, HTML, JavaScript, and Tailwind CSS. These platforms offer a myriad of features designed

to enhance user experience and facilitate deeper connections among alumni. For instance, the

Alumni Association at Stanford University implemented a custom-built web application that

integrates social networking functionalities, event management tools, and mentorship programs

to cultivate a vibrant alumni community (Smith et al., 2020). Similarly, Harvard University's

Alumni Network leverages a robust platform equipped with personalized profiles, discussion
forums, and career resources to foster continuous engagement and support among its alumni base

(Jones & Brown, 2019).

Moreover, research by Chen et al. (2021) highlights the importance of user-centred design

principles in the development of alumni engagement systems, emphasizing the need for intuitive

interfaces and seamless navigation to enhance user adoption and satisfaction. The proliferation of

mobile devices further underscores the significance of responsive design and cross-platform

compatibility in ensuring accessibility and inclusivity within alumni networks (Wang & Li,

2019).

In summary, existing systems in the literature reflect a shift towards more interactive,

technology-driven approaches to alumni engagement, with a focus on enhancing connectivity,

collaboration, and user experience. As we embark on the development of the UPSA Alumni Web

Application, these insights serve as valuable guideposts, informing our design decisions and

strategic priorities to create a platform that empowers our alumni community to thrive and

contribute to the growth and development of the UPSA ecosystem.

2.4 Comparative Study of Reviewed Systems

A comparative analysis of the reviewed alumni engagement systems sheds light on their

respective strengths, weaknesses, and overarching implications for the design and

implementation of the UPSA Alumni Web Application. Each system offers unique features and

functionalities tailored to the specific needs and objectives of their respective institutions,

providing valuable insights for informing our development strategy.

Firstly, the Stanford University Alumni Association's custom-built web application stands out for

its comprehensive suite of features aimed at fostering a vibrant and interconnected alumni
 community. The integration of social networking functionalities, event management tools, and

mentorship programs underscores the institution's commitment to facilitating meaningful

engagement and collaboration among its alumni base. However, while Stanford's approach

demonstrates the potential of a feature-rich platform, it also highlights the importance of

scalability and resource allocation in sustaining such initiatives over the long term.

In contrast, Harvard University's Alumni Network prioritizes personalized profiles, discussion

forums, and career resources to cultivate continuous engagement and support among its alumni

constituency. By focusing on user-centric design principles and targeted content delivery,

Harvard's platform demonstrates a nuanced understanding of alumni preferences and

motivations, thereby enhancing user satisfaction and participation. Nonetheless, the efficacy of

Harvard's approach hinges on ongoing efforts to adapt and evolve in response to shifting user

needs and technological trends.

Furthermore, both systems underscore the critical role of responsive design and cross-platform

compatibility in ensuring accessibility and inclusivity within alumni networks. As mobile

devices continue to proliferate, the need for seamless integration across various devices and

operating systems becomes increasingly paramount. By prioritizing responsive design principles,

institutions can maximize user engagement and retention while catering to the diverse

preferences and usage patterns of their alumni community.

Table 2.4.1 Comparative study of reviewed websites

Aspect upsaglobalalumni.com (UPSA) alumni.stanford.edu atu.edu.gh/alumni-ghana

(Stanford University) (Accra Technical University)
 to unite the people and ideas that to foster a vibrant and To bridge the gap between Accra
Purpose comprise the lifelong UPSA interconnected alumni community Technical University and its
experience and provide the ongoing Alumni by providing the alumni
with free and continuous access
support and structure for UPSA
to the institution and its activities,
alumni to pursue interests and thereby creating a platform for
activities that positively impact their them to get in touch with lost
lives and UPSA Alumni communities friends and meet for reunions.

Audience Students and alumni of UPSA Students and alumni of Stanford Students and alumni of Accra
University technical University

Content Up to date events and information, Up to date events and news Relevant content about events in
quality relevant to target audience relevant to target audience the school

Features ● Alumni Registration ● Alumni Registration ● Alumni

● Internships and jobs ● Internships, jobs and Registration(google
● Featured alumni volunteering opportunity form)
● Year handbook ● Featured alumni ● Back links to blog posts
● Page about accounts to make ● Alumni papers ● Alumni news
donations to UPSA ● Back links to blog posts
● UPSA about section ● Alumni news
● Alumni news

UX ● Consistent use of UPSA’s ● Consistent use of ● Consistent use of

brand identity and fonts Stanford University’s Stanford University’s
● intuitive process to register brand identity and fonts brand identity and fonts
as an alumni ● Nav bar with useful ● Process to register takes
● Reasonable font sizes and features always always user too long due to
arrangements of texts and accessible to the user external link
images for both accessibility ● Reasonable font sizes and ● Reasonable font sizes
and aesthetic arrangements of texts and and arrangements of
● Nav bar with useful features images for both texts and images for both
always always accessible to accessibility and aesthetic accessibility and
the user aesthetic
● Nav bar with useful
features always always
accessible to the user

Accessibi Responsive pages allowing for Responsive pages allowing for Responsive pages allowing for
lity seamless consistent experience across seamless consistent experience seamless consistent experience
different screen sizes across different screen sizes across different screen sizes

Social n/a Integrated links to access the n/a

media school’s social media accounts
integratio from the pages
n
The above table( table 2.4.1) is a summary of comparative studies we gathered from a few

websites, which are; upsaglobalalumni.com (UPSA), alumni.stanford.edu (Stanford

University), and atu.edu.gh/alumni-ghana (Accra Technical University), depending on their

purpose, the type of audience they have, quality of the content, features, user experience,

accessibility, and social media integration, respectively.

We surveyed to gather feedback on the existing system, covering aspects such as awareness of

the already existing system, the proportion of respondents who are students and alumni, how

they learned about the existing system, features they would like to see, how often they would like

to receive updates, and any suggestions they have regarding the system. In the survey, we

reached 50 people, and the results are as follows:

From the chart below (Fig. 2.4.2), a higher percentage of 67.4% are students, while the

remaining 32.6% are alumni.

Fig 2.4.2
Of the 50 respondents, 34% are aware of the existing system, while the remaining 66% are

unaware. This indicates a low level of awareness regarding the existing system, as shown in the

chart (Fig. 2.4.3) below.

Fig 2.4.3

Among those who are aware of the site, only 16% have visited it, while the remaining 84% have

not. This indicates low user engagement on the site, as shown in the chart (fig 2.4.4)
Fig 2.4.4

A majority of the respondents (71.4%) learned about the system through word of mouth, while

the remaining 14.3%, 7.1%, and 7.2% discovered it through email, social media, and friends,

respectively, as displayed in (Fig 2.4.5)

Fig 2.4.5

Fig 2.4.6 illustrates that the majority of respondents expressed interest in features such as a Job

Board, Alumni Directory, Events Calendar, and Alumni News and Updates

Fig 2.4.6
Figure 2.4.7 indicates that the majority, accounting for 38%, prefer to receive updates and

notifications weekly. Following closely, 34% prefer a monthly frequency, while 18% opt for

quarterly updates. A small percentage, 6%, do not wish to receive updates at all, and the

remaining 4% prefer infrequent notifications.

Fig 2.4.7

The majority of respondents are interested in accessing resources such as Career Counseling,

Networking Opportunities, and Alumni Discounts, as indicated in Figure 2.4.8.

Fig 2.4.8
Several respondents find content such as Success Stories of Alumni, Industry Insights and

Trends, and Alumni Achievements and Milestones valuable on the alumni website, as shown in

Figure 2.4.9.

Fig 2.4.9

The chart (Fig. 2.4.10) indicates that the majority, accounting for 96%, find it very important for

the alumni website to facilitate connections and networking, while the remaining 4% find it

somewhat or not very important.

Fig 2.4.10
Many of the respondents are interested in participating in alumni events or activities such as

Reunions, Professional Development Workshops, and Volunteer Opportunities organized through

the website, as shown in Fig. 2.4.11 below

Fig 2.4.11

Finally, we asked for any additional feedback and suggestions, and this is the summary of the

responses we had from the respondents who had something to suggest and insights on their

suggestions:

1. 1. "There should be enhanced security in ensuring the information of both the Alumni

and current students are safe."

1.1. This response highlights the importance of data security and privacy for both

alumni and current students. Implementing enhanced security measures should be

a priority to safeguard sensitive information.

2. "I suggest that the Alumni with great connections should make it easy for graduates to

share job opportunities so as to make them be at"

2.1. This suggestion emphasizes leveraging the network of alumni to facilitate job

opportunities for graduates. Implementing a feature that allows alumni to share

job opportunities could enhance career prospects for recent graduates.

3. "A feature for us to post our achievements"

3.1. Providing a platform for alumni to showcase their achievements can foster a sense

of pride and accomplishment within the community. Implementing this feature

could encourage alumni engagement and highlight their contributions.

4. "The website needs to automatically add you when you become an alumni"

4.1. Automating the process of adding individuals to the alumni website upon

graduation could streamline the user experience and ensure inclusivity within the

alumni community.

5. "The website should be made more public, most people do not know of the existence of

the system"

5.1. Increasing the visibility of the alumni website is essential to ensure that all alumni

are aware of its existence. Marketing and promotional efforts should be employed

to reach a wider audience and encourage participation.

6. "I think the school should put in more effort to make everyone aware of the system, it

could be beneficial to everyone, not just alumni"

 6.1. This suggestion echoes the previous sentiment regarding the need for improved

awareness of the alumni website. Expanding outreach efforts to include current

students and other stakeholders could maximize the website's utility and impact.

7. "I think I will suggest a feature where alumni can give us updates on the job market and

the corporate world"

7.1. Incorporating a feature that allows alumni to share insights and updates on the job

market and corporate world could provide valuable resources for current students

and recent graduates. This feature could enhance the website's relevance and

usefulness.

8. "I wish the site was not just for alumni but a way that students could connect with the

whole UPSA community."

8.1. Expanding the scope of the website to include students and the broader UPSA

community could promote inclusivity and collaboration. Creating opportunities

for interaction and engagement among all stakeholders could enrich the overall

experience.

9. "They need to add more features so even students find a use for the website"

9.1. Enhancing the website with additional features that cater to student's needs and

interests could increase engagement and participation. Conducting research to

identify specific features that would appeal to students could inform the

development process.
10. "They should make it so that we can post jobs as well, sometimes we see opportunities

that we don't fit in, but someone else could, would be nice to be able to share, on a

centralized platform"

10.1. Allowing users to post job opportunities on the alumni website could create a

valuable resource for the community. Facilitating job postings from alumni and

other users could broaden access to employment opportunities and foster

collaboration.

These insights reflect a diverse range of perspectives and suggestions for improving the UPSA

Alumni Website, highlighting opportunities for enhancing functionality, increasing visibility, and

promoting engagement within the community.

2.5 Conclusion

In conclusion, the literature review offers a comprehensive examination of the evolving

landscape of alumni engagement platforms, highlighting the transformative potential of

cutting-edge technologies and user-centred design principles in fostering meaningful connections

and collaboration within educational communities. Through a comparative analysis of exemplary

systems deployed at institutions like Stanford University and Harvard University, valuable

insights emerge regarding the key features, challenges, and opportunities inherent in the

development of alumni web applications. By synthesizing scholarly research and practical

insights, this review lays the groundwork for the conceptualization and implementation of the

UPSA Alumni Web Application, emphasizing the importance of scalability, responsiveness, and

user engagement in creating a dynamic digital ecosystem that empowers UPSA's alumni
community to thrive and contribute to the university's ongoing success and development.

Moving forward, the integration of innovative technologies, coupled with a steadfast

commitment to user-centric design principles, will be essential in realizing the vision of a vibrant

and interconnected alumni network at UPSA.

 CHAPTER THREE

LIFE CYCLE DESIGN OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

3.1 Introduction

The chapter on "Life Cycle Design of the Proposed System" encapsulates a pivotal phase in the

project development journey, where meticulous planning and strategic foresight converge to

shape the trajectory of the UPSA Alumni Web Application. This chapter delineates the

comprehensive life cycle design approach employed to conceptualize, develop, implement, and

sustain the proposed system, underscoring the imperative of a systematic and iterative process to

ensure the viability, scalability, and efficacy of the final product. Through a meticulous

examination of each stage in the system development life cycle (SDLC), from initial planning

and requirements analysis to testing, deployment, and maintenance, this chapter elucidates the

methodological framework guiding the development endeavour. Grounded in industry best

practices and informed by the unique needs and objectives of the UPSA alumni community, the

life cycle design of the proposed system serves as the cornerstone for realizing the vision of a

dynamic and inclusive digital platform that empowers alumni to connect, collaborate, and

contribute to the growth and development of the UPSA ecosystem.

3.2 Crystallization of the Problem

The landscape of alumni engagement is transforming, presenting universities with multifaceted

challenges. Traditional methods of alumni connection fall short of meeting the dynamic needs of

today's interconnected society. A centralized, dynamic platform is urgently needed to overcome

these obstacles and maximize alumni contributions to the university community.

Sub Points:
Connecting Alumni with Undergraduate Students:

● Traditional methods struggle to facilitate meaningful connections between alumni

and current students.

● Mentorship, career guidance, and professional development opportunities are

hindered as a result.

​ Facilitating Internships:

● The absence of a streamlined process for internship applications and updates limits

collaborative pathways and mutual support channels for alumni and undergraduate

students.

​ Showcasing Alumni Achievements:

● Failure to exhibit alumni accomplishments deprives universities of celebrating past

graduates' successes.

● It also hinders the inspiration and motivation that comes from recognizing alumni

achievements.

​ Facilitating Donations:

● The lack of a centralized platform makes it difficult to streamline donation

processes, potentially depriving universities of essential financial backing for

institutional initiatives.

​ Disseminating Alumni Updates:

 ● Universities struggle to relay timely school updates to alumni without a centralized

engagement platform.

● This can lead to detachment from the alumni network and missed opportunities for

campus growth and development.

3.3 Analysis and Design of the System

To support the architecture of our solution, we will analyze, design, and configure the necessary

hardware and software components. These conceptual frameworks and structures will be utilized

to effectively create the systems:

● Use case diagram

● Diagram of an entity relationship.

● Flow chart diagram

● Context diagram

● Data flow diagram

3.3.1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT

To get the system to the intended specification, we had to define several requirements that must

be satisfied. We had to take the system's functional, non-functional, hardware, and software

needs into account, among other things. The following are some examples of the system's

functional needs.
3.3.2 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT

The processes and activities that a system must be able to accomplish are described in the

Functional Requirements Functional Requirements for all entities of the system include:

1. Users (General public):

○ Post Jobs for Review: Users can submit job postings for review by the admin.

○ View Updates: Users can view updates about activities of UPSA and its alumni.

2. Alumni

○ Register: Alumni can register on the platform by providing their personal

information.

○ Submit Achievements: Alumni can submit their achievements or notable

accomplishments for review and publication.

○ View Profile: Alumni can view their own profile information and achievements

after registration.

3. Admin

○ Review and approve alumni Registrations:

○ Review and approve alumni achievements:

i. Review achievements submitted by alumni.

ii. Approve or reject achievements for publication on the alumni page.

○ Manage alumni profiles:

i. Edit or delete alumni profiles as necessary.

○ View system activities:

i. View logs or reports of system activities, such as alumni registrations,

achievement submissions, and admin actions related to alumni
management.
Table 2 Hardware Requirement

USER REQUIREMENT DEVELOPER REQUIREMENT

Computer or smartphone Computer or Laptop with specifications
suitable for web browsing

Internet Connection Internet Connection (Broadband

recommended for development)

Table 3: Software Requirements

DEVELOPER REQUIREMENT USER REQUIREMENT
Operating System: Any Operating System compatible with
Windows/Mac/Linux modern web browsers

Text Editor(eg. Visual Studio Code or Internet Browser: Google Chrome,

Sublime Text) Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Microsoft Edge,
Brave
Database: MYSQL
Web Server: XAMPP

Browser: Google Chrome, Mozilla

Firefox, Safari, Microsoft Edge
 3.4 FLOW CHART DIAGRAM

A flowchart is a graphical representation of a process or system, depicting the sequence of steps

involved and the decision points within that process. It uses standardized symbols to represent

different actions, processes, inputs, and outputs.

This flowchart outlines the process flow of the vehicle breakdown assistance system, including

user authentication, accessing the user interface, admin dashboard, and mechanics dashboard, till

the end of the process. Figure 3.1

3.4.1 CONTEXT DIAGRAM

The Context Diagram shows the system under consideration as a single high-level process. It

also shows the relationship that the system has with other entities (systems, external data stores,

etc.). The context flow diagram shown in figure 3.2 points out the flow of information between

our system and external components.

Figure 3.2: Context Diagram

3.4.2 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

An Entity-Relationship (ER) diagram illustrates the relationships between entities in a system. In

the context of the Vehicle Breakdown Assistance Management System, we'll identify the main

entities and their relationships in Figure 3.3

Figure 3.3 : ER Diagram of the proposed system.

3.4.3 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

A data flow diagram depicts the information flow for any process or system. The symbols

represent the four components of data flow diagrams, namely the external entity, which is the

square-shaped symbol that sends or receives data and communicates with the symbol being

diagrammed. The process is a rectangle with rounded corners, and the data store is a repository

that stores information for later use. Data flow is the arrow that depicts the path that data takes

between external entities, processes, and data stores lozenge-shaped rectangles with rounded

corners.
Figure 3.1 Diagram 0 of our proposed system.

3.4.4 USE CASE DIAGRAM

A use case diagram illustrates the interactions between actors (users or systems) and the system

itself, depicting various use cases or functionalities that the system provides. Figure 3.7 identifies

the actors and their interactions with the system.

Figure 3.2: Use Case Diagram of our System

1. Visual Studio Code (VS Code): Visual Studio Code is utilized for cloud and web

application development and troubleshooting. It offers a customizable edit-build-debug

experience and supports the creation and usage of extensions.

2. HTML 5: HTML5 is employed as the markup language for organizing and displaying

content on the web.

3. PHP (Laravel): PHP, particularly the Laravel framework, is utilized for web

development. Laravel is a popular open-source PHP framework known for its elegant

syntax and developer-friendly features.

4. XAMPP: XAMPP is utilized as the local development environment. It includes the

Apache HTTP Server, a database, and interpreters for PHP and Perl. XAMPP provides a

cross-platform, free, and open-source web server stack package for local development.

5. Tailwind CSS: Tailwind CSS is employed for styling and formatting web pages. It offers

a utility-first approach to CSS, allowing developers to rapidly build custom designs

without writing additional CSS code.

6. Paystack: Paystack is integrated into the system for handling online payments. It

provides secure and convenient payment processing solutions for online businesses.

7. JavaScript: JavaScript is utilized for client-side scripting and enhancing the interactivity

of the web application. It enables dynamic content updates and user interactions without

reloading the entire web page.

 3.6 CONCLUSION

For the proposed UPSA alumni website application system to be effective, there is the need for a

system design that will help achieve it. The team used the details and diagrams provided above

as a guide to come up with such a system.

 CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM TESTING, IMPLEMENTATION AND

DOCUMENTATION
4.1 SYSTEM TESTING

4.1.1 DESCRIPTION

Testing presents an interesting challenge for software engineers attempting to build software

from an abstract concept to an acceptable implementation. In testing, engineers create a series of

test cases that occur when errors are uncovered. Testing is the process of executing a program to

find errors. A good test is one that has a high probability of finding an uncovered error. A

successful error is one that uncovers undiscovered errors. The term error is used to refer to the

difference between the actual output of the software and the current output. A fault is a condition

that causes the software to fail to perform its required function. Software reliability is defined as

a required function. Software reliability is defined as the probability that the software will not

undergo failures for a specified time under a specified condition. Failure is the inability of a

system or a component to perform a required function according to its specification. Different

levels of testing were employed for the software to make it error-free, fault-free and reliable.

4.1.2 Unit Testing:

Unit testing was conducted first. Different modules of the software were tested against the

specifications produced during the design of the modules. Verification of the code produced

during the coding phase was done. Each module was tested separately. Unit testing focuses

verification efforts on the smallest unit of a software design module. This uncovers errors within

the boundary of a module. Unit testing is white box testing, where both the external things and

the internal codes are tested. In testing, the interfaces are tested to ensure the proper flow of data
in and out of the module. Boundary testing is done to ensure that the module keeps within its

limits. All independent paths are tested to ensure that all statements are tested at least once. At

last, the error path is also tested. Unit testing comprises the set of tests performed by an

individual programmer prior to the integration of the unit into a larger system. There are four

categories of test that can be performed on a program unit

➢ Functional Unit

➢ Performance Unit

➢ Stress Unit

➢ Structure Unit

4.1.3 System Testing:

Then system testing was conducted. Here the entire software system was tested.The reference

document used for this process was a requirement document and the goal was to see if the

software meets its requirements.

System testing includes the thorough testing of the product. System testing is actually a series of

different tests whose primary purpose is to fully exercise the computer based system. The tests

are recovery testing: this checks the recovery of the system when failure occurs. This is to ensure

that there are recovery procedures for error occurrences.

System testing involves unit testing, integration testing, acceptance modules will be available for

integration into the evolving software product when needed. A test plan has the following steps:

➢ Prepare test plan

➢ Specify conditions for user acceptance testing

➢ Prepare test data for program testing

 ➢ Prepare test data for transaction path testing

➢ Plan user testing

➢ Compile/Assemble program

➢ Prepare job performance aids

➢ Prepare operational documents

Basic methods of TestingWhite box testing

White box testing is performed to reveal problems with the internal structure of a program. This

requires the tester to have detailed knowledge of the internal structure. A common goal of

whitebox testing is to ensure a test case exercises every path through a program. A fundamental

strength that all white box strategies share is that the entire software implementation is taken into

account during testing, which facilitates error detection even when software specification is

vague or incomplete. The effectiveness or thoroughness of white box testing is commonly

expressed in terms of test or code coverage metrics, which measure the fraction of code

exercised by test cases.

4.1.4 Basic Path Testing

It is a white box technique. It was proposed by Tom McCabe. These tests guarantee to execute

every statement in the program at least one time during testing. Basic set is the set of all

execution paths of a procedure.

4.1.5 Black Box Testing

Black box tests are performed to assess how well a program meets its requirements, looking for

incorrect or missing functionality. Functional tests typically exercise code with valid or nearly
valid input for which the expected output is known. This includes concepts such as ‘boundary

values’.

Performance tests evaluate response time, memory usage, throughput, device utilization and

execution time. Stress tests push the system to or beyond its specified limits to evaluate its

robustness and error handling capabilities. Reliability tests monitor system response to

representative user input, counting failures over time to measure or certify reliability. Black box

testing uncovers the following types of errors

➢ Incorrect or missing functions

➢ Interface errors

➢ External database access

➢ Performance errors

➢ Initialization and termination errors

The following techniques are employed during black box testing.

4.1.6

One of the most difficult aspects of software development is the integration and testing of large

untested subsystems. The integrated system frequently fails in significant and mysterious ways,

and it is difficult to fix it. Integration testing exercises several units that have been combined to

form a module, subsystem system. Integration testing focuses on the interfaces between units, to

make sure the units work together. The nature of this phase is certainly a ‘white box’, as we must

know about the units to recognize if we have been successful in importing them together in the

module.
Email and Password must match in Database

4.2 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NEW SYSTEM

A software implementation method refers to the systematic approach used to integrate a new

software-based service or component into an organization's workflow or an individual

end-user's routine. It involves the process of transitioning from an existing system to a new one,
ensuring that the new software meets the requirements and objectives of the organization or user

while minimizing disruptions and risks. Below are the various implementation strategies,

examining their pros and cons, as well as the strategy we would recommend to save the most

time and resources.

4.2.1 Direct Implementation (Cutover):

Description:
Immediately replace the existing system with the enhanced version, featuring additional

features. This method involves an immediate transition from the old system to the new one,

providing users with instant access to the enhanced features. It is characterized by its simplicity,

as only one system needs to be maintained at a time.

Advantages:

❖ Quick and immediate access to new features for users.

❖ Simplified management with only one system to maintain.

Disadvantages:

❖ There is a high risk of disruption if issues arise during implementation.

❖ There are limited fallback options if problems occur.

4.2.2 Parallel Implementation:

Description:
Integrate the enhanced features alongside the existing alumni website, allowing both systems to

operate concurrently for a period of time. In this approach, the new system is integrated

alongside the existing one, allowing both to operate concurrently for a certain period. It

facilitates direct comparison between the old and new systems, minimizing disruption to users
during the transition phase. However, it may require additional resources to manage parallel

systems and can be complex to coordinate.

Advantages:

❖ Direct comparison between the old and new systems.

❖ Minimal disruption to existing users during the transition phase.

Disadvantages:

❖ May require additional resources to run both systems concurrently.

❖ Complexity in managing parallel systems.

4.2.3 Phased Implementation:

Description:

Divide the implementation process into smaller phases, gradually introducing the enhanced

features with each phase. With phased implementation, the enhancement process is broken

down into smaller phases, gradually introducing the new features over time. It offers easier

management of development and testing, reducing the risk of disruption compared to direct

implementation. However, coordinating dependencies between phases and the prolonged

implementation timeline are potential challenges.

Advantages:

❖ Easier management of development and testing.

❖ Less disruptive compared to direct implementation.

Disadvantages:

❖ Challenges in coordinating dependencies between phases.

❖ Prolonged implementation timeline.

 4.2.4 Pilot Implementation:
Description:

Launch the enhanced features in a limited capacity to gather feedback before full deployment.

This method involves launching the new features in a limited capacity to gather feedback before

full deployment. It allows for early user feedback and the identification of potential issues,

mitigating risks associated with full-scale implementation. However, the limited scope may not

fully represent the user experience, and there could be delays in the full deployment of the

features.

Advantages:

❖ Early feedback from users.

❖ Opportunity to identify and address issues early.

Disadvantages:

❖ Limited scope may not represent full user experience.

❖ Potential for delays in full deployment.

4.2.5 Conclusion:
For the enhancement of the university alumni website with additional features, the direct

cutover implementation method is highly recommended. This approach allows for immediate

access to the new features for users, simplifying the management process by maintaining only

one system. While there are risks associated with potential disruptions during implementation,

the benefits of quick access to enhanced functionality outweigh the drawbacks. By opting for
direct cutover implementation, the university can efficiently upgrade its alumni website to better

serve its users.

CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, we summarize our project and talk about what we achieved, what we suggest for

improvement, and what challenges we faced.

5.2 SUMMARY

The UPSA Alumni Web Application project represents a pivotal initiative in fostering lifelong

connections and continuous engagement among the esteemed alumni of the University of

Professional Studies, Accra. Developed with a keen focus on leveraging cutting-edge

technologies and best practices in alumni engagement, this project seeks to address the evolving

challenges faced by traditional methods of alumni connection.

From its inception, the project has been driven by a commitment to providing a seamless and

intuitive platform for alumni to connect, collaborate, and contribute to the growth and

development of the UPSA community. Through meticulous planning and strategic foresight, the

project encompasses various facets, including user registration and authentication, alumni

profiles, career opportunities, an achievement showcase, a donation portal, and communication

hub functionalities.
Guided by the Agile methodology, the project adopts an iterative and collaborative approach to

ensure flexibility and continuous improvement throughout the development process. By

integrating insights from a comparative study of existing alumni engagement systems, the project

emphasizes user-centric design principles and responsive cross-platform compatibility to

enhance accessibility and inclusivity.

Despite encountering challenges along the way, , the project team remains dedicated to

delivering a robust and scalable web application solution. Through rigorous testing

methodologies and ongoing feedback mechanisms, the project aims to address the dynamic

needs of its stakeholders and provide a valuable platform for alumni to thrive and contribute to

the university's ongoing success and development.

5.3 CONTRIBUTION

The UPSA Alumni Web Application project contributes significantly to enhancing alumni

engagement and fostering a thriving community within the University of Professional Studies,

Accra:

1. Enhanced Alumni Connectivity: By providing a centralized platform for alumni to

connect, collaborate, and contribute, the UPSA Alumni Web Application improves

accessibility to networking opportunities and facilitates lifelong connections among

graduates. Alumni can easily register, create detailed profiles, and engage with fellow

alumni, fostering a sense of belonging and community.

2. Streamlined Career Opportunities: The web application features a dedicated section for

posting career opportunities, including internships and job positions available to UPSA
 alumni. This streamlined approach enables alumni to explore relevant opportunities,

apply for positions, and contribute to the professional development of current students,

thereby enhancing career prospects and alumni engagement.

3. Showcase of Alumni Achievements: Through the achievement showcase feature, alumni

can highlight their accomplishments and contributions to the UPSA community,

including academic achievements, professional accolades, and notable projects. This

recognition not only celebrates alumni successes but also inspires current students and

fosters pride within the community.

4. Facilitated Donation Processes: The integration of a secure donation portal enables

alumni to contribute to UPSA initiatives, scholarship funds, and development projects

effortlessly. By streamlining donation processes, the web application enhances financial

support for the university's initiatives and programs, fostering continued growth and

success.

5. Timely Communication and Updates: Serving as a centralized communication hub, the

platform delivers updates, news, and event notifications from the university to alumni and

undergraduate students. This ensures timely dissemination of information, promotes

engagement with university activities, and strengthens the bond between alumni and the

UPSA community.

6. User-Friendly Interface and Accessibility: With a focus on user-centric design principles

and responsive cross-platform compatibility, the UPSA Alumni Web Application offers a
 user-friendly interface accessible to alumni, undergraduate students, and administrators

alike. This enhances accessibility and inclusivity within the alumni network, fostering

meaningful engagement and collaboration.

Overall, the UPSA Alumni Web Application project contributes to creating a dynamic digital

ecosystem that empowers UPSA alumni to thrive, connect, and contribute to the university's

ongoing success and development.

5.4 Limitations of the Study

While the UPSA Alumni Web Application project endeavours to create a robust platform for

alumni engagement, several limitations and challenges warrant acknowledgement:

5.4.1 Constant Requirement of Administrative Intervention:

A notable limitation of the system is the continual need for intervention by an administrator. To

maintain the currency and accuracy of content, administrators must regularly log in to approve

updates, post announcements, and remove outdated information. This manual process may

introduce delays and dependencies, hindering the system's responsiveness to user needs.

5.5 Recommendations for Future Research

To address the identified limitations and enhance the efficacy of the UPSA Alumni Web

Application, several recommendations for future research and development are proposed:

Automation of Administrative Processes:

Future research endeavors could focus on automating administrative tasks to reduce dependence

on manual interventions. One approach could involve acquiring a comprehensive database of

current and past students from the university. By integrating this database with the platform,
updates to alumni profiles and other content could occur seamlessly, minimizing the need for

direct administrative oversight.

5.6 Conclusion

In conclusion, the UPSA Alumni Web Application project represents a significant step towards

fostering lifelong connections and enhancing alumni engagement within the University of

Professional Studies, Accra community. While the project has addressed numerous challenges

and limitations, such as the constant requirement of administrative intervention, there remains

ample room for future research and development. By implementing recommendations such as

the automation of administrative processes, the platform can evolve into a more efficient and

user-centric solution for alumni networking and collaboration.

This project underscores the importance of leveraging technology to bridge the gap between

alumni and their alma mater, facilitating meaningful interactions and contributions to the

university community. As the digital landscape continues to evolve, the UPSA Alumni Web

Application stands as a testament to the university's commitment to innovation and excellence

in alumni engagement.
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Programming Codes

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