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Standard deviation

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4 views1 page

Standard deviation

Uploaded by

a11is0n.harp3r
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

​ Definition:​
Standard deviation measures the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of data
values. A low standard deviation means data points are close to the mean, while a high
standard deviation indicates they are spread out.
2.​ Formula for Standard Deviation (Sample):​
s=∑(xi−xˉ)2n−1s = \sqrt{\frac{\sum (x_i - \bar{x})^2}{n-1}}s=n−1∑(xi​−xˉ)2​​
where xix_ixi​are data points, xˉ\bar{x}xˉ is the mean, and nnn is the number of data
points.
3.​ Steps to Calculate Standard Deviation:
○​ Find the mean of the data set.
○​ Subtract the mean from each data point and square the result.
○​ Find the average of these squared differences.
○​ Take the square root of that average.
4.​ Application of Standard Deviation:​
In test scores, standard deviation helps understand how scores are distributed around
the mean. A smaller standard deviation means most students scored close to the
average.
5.​ Standard Deviation vs. Variance:​
Variance is the square of the standard deviation. If the variance is σ2\sigma^2σ2, then
standard deviation is σ=σ2\sigma = \sqrt{\sigma^2}σ=σ2​. Variance provides a measure
of spread in squared units, while standard deviation returns to the original units of the
data.
6.​

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