SCIENCE 4
SCIENCE 4
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM - Its major organs are the heart, arteries, veins, and
blood. Major function of this body system is to ensure that oxygen, the vital
substance in the body, is being transported from the blood to the heart and
other systems’ organs including the brain, the liver, and the stomach.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM - It processes and breaks down the food passing through
the mouth, the esophagus, the stomach, and the small and large intestine.
The digestive process is called metabolism, a chemical reaction that helps
break down food into nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
SKELETAL SYSTEM - Gives the distinctive shape of the human body. also acts
as a lever that generally works with the muscle attached to the bones. It
provides the power and strength to accomplish a certain task. It supports the
circulatory and immune system by manufacturing red and white blood cells.
It facilitates movements and protects the internal organs of the body. Its
main parts are the bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons, which provide
the body with structural support and protection.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM- Its main role is to move oxygen to the body tissues
and remove
carbon dioxide from the body. It controls and regulates the breathing process
that includes the movement of air in and out of the lungs. Its primary organs
include the nose, the pharynx (throat), the larynx (voice box), the trachea
(windpipe), the bronchi, the alveoli, and the lungs.
Refers to the part of the plant that grows above the ground, also known as
the aerial part of the plant. It is composed of stems, leaves, nodes, flowers,
and fruits. It absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis.
PARTS- FUNCTIONS
Takes in carbon dioxide from the air Extracts mineral and nutrients
from the soil
HABITAT
Animals that live in water habitats are called aquatic animals. The
aquatic environment is divided into two types: seawater or marine
environment and the freshwater environment. The seawater
includes the seas and oceans. While the freshwater includes
streams, lakes, rivers, and ponds. The aquatic habitat is considered
the largest biome of these types of animals on Earth.
FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENT
For some animals, water serves as their protection from the intense
heat of the Sun.
Other animals use water as a place to escape land enemies. Water is
also a hunting area for many animals.
DESSERT PLANTS
Deserts are very dry and often hot places for plants to live. Plants
are exposed to extremely hot temperatures. Winds are often strong,
and the soil is often sandy or rocky.
Some of the plants called epiphytes, live atop other plants to reach
the sunlight.
-Many trees have thick barks to protect them against the cold
weather.
TUNDRA PLANTS
In a tundra habitat, plant life is dominated by mosses, grasses, and
sedges. A little plant diversity is seen due to a year-round cold
temperature.
Tundra plants are low growing, covered with hairlike structures, and
seen in clumps to help conserve heat.
TAIGA PLANTS
The taiga habitat is mostly dominated by conifers. It has cold
winters and hot summers. The soil is acidic, and the minerals are
poor.
The shape of conifer trees helps shed snow to save branches and
have needle like leaves with a waxy coating that prevents excessive
water evaporation.
AQUATIC PLANTS
Many aquatic plants can survive with a minimum water supply.
REPRODUCTION
Is the process by which an animal reproduces its kind, identical to
itself.
METAMORPHOSIS
The change in the form and structure that occurs as young animals
grown and develop into adult animals.
COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS
-Egg – the unborn stage; contains the zygote or fertilized egg
-Larva – the structure that emerges from the egg where the insects
looks like worms; the young stage where most of the feeding is
done.
-Pupa – the inactive stage (no feeding); takes place between the
larva and adult stages; usually well-camouflaged for protection
against enemies.
-Adult stage – the final stage wherein the insect usually grows into a
mature one that can breed.
INCOMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS
-Egg – the unborn stage
-Nymph – the young stage where most feeding is done; exhibits
resemblance to the parent although some parts are not developed.
-Adult – the final stage wherein the full body development can be
seen like the presence of the wings.
HUMAN REPRODUCTRION
Takes place through the process of fertilization, where the sperm
and egg cells meet and fertilize to form an embryo.As the embryo
develops inside the mother's
womb, it becomes a fetus.
Stage 1 – FETUS - The fetus will now start to grow as it gets its
needed nourishment and
oxygen through a tube called the umbilical cord.
Stage 3- CHILDHOOD
- Toddler – ages between 1 to 3. This is the time when the child
learns to crawl, sit, talk, and walk with the guidance of an adult.
Stage 4- ADOLESCENCE
Marks the puberty period, where the child’s body matures into an
adult body. This starts at the age of 13 up to 19. Adolescents are
also called teenagers. Physical, behavioral, and even emotional
changes may be experienced by males and females during this
stage.
CONSUMERS
They are usually the animals that get their needed energy by eating
plants and/or other consumers. They can be further classified
according to their diet.
FOOD CHAIN
The process of eating and being eaten, where energy is transferred
from one organism
to another. Each organism in an ecosystem occupies a position in a
food chain. It simply describes who eats who in the wild.
1. True or False: The digestive system includes the heart and lungs.
**Answer: False**
8. True or False: Wooden trees have leaves that help prevent water
loss.
**Answer: False**
1. Identify the organ that pumps blood throughout the human body.
**Answer: Heart**
2. What is the term for plants that grow in deserts and have
adapted to store water?
**Answer: Succulent plants**
3. Name the hard outer layer of the egg that protects the
developing chick.
**Answer: Eggs shell**
9. Name the system responsible for breaking down food in the body.
**Answer: Digestive system**
10. What is the term for the part of the plant that anchors it to the
soil?
**Answer: Roots**
Here are 10 sample questions for each type (Multiple Choice, True or
False, Identification, Sequencing of Events) focusing on the topics
you provided. Each question comes with the correct answer.
1. True or False: The digestive system includes the heart and lungs.
**Answer: False**
8. True or False: Wooden trees have leaves that help prevent water
loss.
**Answer: False**
1. Identify the organ that pumps blood throughout the human body.
**Answer: Heart**
2. What is the term for plants that grow in deserts and have
adapted to store water?
**Answer: Succulent plants**
3. Name the hard outer layer of the egg that protects the
developing chick.
**Answer: Eggs shell**
9. Name the system responsible for breaking down food in the body.
**Answer: Digestive system**
10. What is the term for the part of the plant that anchors it to the
soil?
**Answer: Roots**