ALL KERALA COMMON MODEL EXAMINATION 2024-25

CLASS 10 – SOCIAL SCIENCE

SOLUTION SET 3
SECTION A
1. Option c Both I and II
2. Option d 2,1,4,3
3. Option b Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
4. Option b Tropical rainforests, known for their dense vegetation and
biodiversity.
5. Option b Increasing formal sector lending, particularly in rural areas
6. Option iv a,b and d
7. Option b Final goods
8. Option c Both Statements I and II are correct
9. Option b Statements i, ii, and iii are appropriate
10. Option b The rich benefited significantly more from economic growth
compared to the middle and poor classes.
11. Option b Statement I is incorrect and statement II is incorrect
12. Option c (IV) only
13. Option a Both a and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
14. Option a Statement I is correct and II is incorrect
15. Option d A is false but R is true
16. Option d (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)
17. Option b Transparency
18. Option b To measure how development has improved human life.
19. Option c Interest on loan
20. Option d Poland was partitioned at the end of the 18th century by three Great
Powers i.e. Russia, Prussia and Austria.
SECTION B
21. i. Religious freedom allows individuals to practice and propagate their faith
without fear, fostering respect and tolerance.
ii. It upholds human rights, supports India’s pluralistic identity, and ensures
peaceful coexistence among diverse religious communities.
iii. Any other relevant point

22.
i. The artists in France, in 1850 personified the nation. It means the
nation was represented as a person.
ii. They chose female figure to represent the nation. The figure was
named Marianne.
iii. This figure of Marianne gave the abstract idea of the nation a concrete
form which became an allegory of the nation.
iv. It represented liberty, justice and republic
v. The statues of Marianne were erected in public squares to remind
people of the national symbol of unity.

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 vi. It was marked on coins and stamps.
Or
i. The spirit of nationalism of the nineteenth century differed from that of
the first half of the century because by the end of the century it started
bearing a narrow outlook.
ii. By the last quarter of the century, nationalism no longer retained its
idealistic liberal democratic sentiment of the first half of the century.
iii. It became narrow creed with limited ends.
iv. The nationalist groups, during this period, became increasingly tolerant
to each other and were ready to go to war. Meanwhile, the major
European powers manipulated the nationalist aspirations of the
European people to extend their own Imperialistic aims.
23.
i. Illegal logging leads to deforestation, loss of habitat for species,
reduction in biodiversity, disruption of water cycles, increased carbon
emissions, and economic losses.
ii. It also undermines legal forestry operations and sustainable
management efforts.
iii. Any other relevant points
24.
• Rekha’s sister is at an advantageous position.
This has following reasons:
• The employees of organised sector get paid leave benefit, pensions
gratuity, etc. apart from salary.
• The organised sector follows government rules and regulations like
Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act. etc.

SECTION C
25. Governments used censorship to control nationalism by:
• Earlier, reading was restricted to the elites.
• With the printing press, books could reach out to wider sections of
society. If earlier, there was a hearing public, now a reading public
came into being.
• Publishers had to keep in mind the wider reach of the printed books.
Even those who did not read, could enjoy listening to the books being
read out.
• So, printers began publishing popular ballads and folk tales and such
books would be profusely illustrated with pictures.
• These were then sung and recited at gatherings in villages and in
taverns in towns.
• The line separated the oral and reading cultures became blurred. Now
the hearing public and reading public became intermingled.
26.
• The other three who are not required should take up different jobs that
would increase the total family income. For example, they can be

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 employed in projects like building of dams, canals or roads in the
village.
• Government can invest some money in transportation and storage of
crops, or make better rural roads so that mini-trucks reach everywhere.
• Promotion of industries like setting up a dal mill, opening a cold storage
could give an opportunity for farmers to store their products like
potatoes and onions and sell them when the price is good.
• In villages near forest areas, they can start honey collection centres
where farmers can come and sell wild honey. It is also possible to set
up industries that process vegetables and agricultural produce like
potato, sweet potato, rice, wheat, tomato, fruits which can be sold in
outside markets and thus generate employment.
• Government can plan to give loans at lower rates of interest to people
in rural areas to start something new thereby solving problems of
underemployment
• MGNREGA
• Any three points
27. Rahul needs the following raw materials and machinery:
i. Raw materials: High quality fabrics like cotton, silk or polyester, along
with threads, buttons, zippers, and other accessories essential for
garment production, ensuring the final products are durable and
attractive.
ii. Sewing Machines: Reliable sewing machines for stitching fabrics
together efficiently, ensuring precision and consistency in the finished
garments, which is crucial for maintaining quality standards.
iii. Cutting Tools: Industrial fabric cutters and cutting tables for accurately
cutting the fabrics into desired patterns and reducing material waste,
thereby improving overall efficiency in the manufacturing process.
Or
Sneha should consider these key factors:
i. Location: Choosing a strategic location with access to transportation
networks, suppliers and skilled labour to facilitate efficient operations
and distribution of vehicles, ensuring the plant’s competitiveness.
ii. Infrastructure: Ensuring adequate infrastructure like roads, electricity
and water supply to support the assembly process and maintain
continuous production, minimising downtime and operational
disruptions.
iii. Technology and Equipment: Investing in advanced assembly
machinery and automation technology to enhance productivity, ensure
high-quality manufacturing and stay competitive in the market by
adopting the latest industry standards and innovations.
28. Beneficial
Unlike gender differences, the religious differences are often expressed in the
field of politics. Ideas, ideals and values drawn from different religions can and
perhaps should play a role in politics.
• Politics must be guided by ethics drawn from religion.

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 • People should be able to express in politics their needs, interests and
demands as a member of a religious community.
• Political power should sometimes be able to regulate the practice of
religion so as to prevent discrimination and oppression. These political
acts are not wrong as long as they treat every religion equally.
Problematic
Religion is a source of danger to democratic politics and problematic in the
following ways:
• The most common expression of communalism is in everyday beliefs
involving religious prejudices, stereotypes of religious communities and
belief in the superiority of one’s religion over other religions.
• A communal mind often leads to a quest for political dominance of
one’s own religious community. This takes the form of majoritarian
dominance and people belonging to the minority community, can take
the form of a desire to form a separate political unit.
• Political mobilisation on religious line involves use of sacred symbols,
religious leaders, emotional appeal ad plain fear in order to bring the
followers of one religion together in the political arena involving special
appeal to the interests or emotions of voters of one religion in
preference to others.
• Sometimes communalism takes its most ugly form of communal
violence-riots and massacre.
29. The IT sector is influential in India’s economy because:
• Employment opportunities: It provides millions of jobs to graduates and
skilled workers, reducing unemployment and supporting economic
growth through high-paying jobs.
• Foreign Exchange Earnings: IT exports contribute significantly to
foreign exchange reserves, strengthening India’s economy and
improving the balance of payments.
• Innovation and Productivity: the IT sector drives innovation and
improves productivity across various industries through technological
advancements, enhancing overall economic efficiency and
competitiveness.
SECTION D
30. Pollution of water resources from industrial waste is a serious issue. Here are
five steps the local government can take to conserve water resources.
• Strict Enforcement of pollution laws: The Government should strictly
enforce laws that regulate the discharge of industrial waste into water
bodies, ensuring industries treat their waste before releasing it.
• Promote wastewater treatment plants: Encourage industries to install
wastewater treatment facilities to clean industrial effluents before they
are discharged into rivers and lakes.
• Public Awareness Campaigns: Conduct awareness campaigns to
educate both industries and the public on the importance of water
conservation and pollution prevention.

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 • Regular Monitoring: Set up a system for continuous monitoring of water
quality to detect and address pollution early, ensuring that water bodies
are preserved for future use.
• By taking these steps, local governments can help protect water
resources and ensure cleaner, healthier water for all.
• Any other relevant point
Or
Sustainable development aims to meet present needs without compromising
future generations’ ability to meet theirs. Sunita’s community can implement
sustainable resource management through:
• Water Conservation: Promote the use of rainwater harvesting, drip
irrigation, and efficient water usage practices to reduce water wastage.
• Waste Management: Encourage recycling and composting to manage
household and community waste effectively, reducing environmental
pollution.
• Energy Conservation: Shift towards renewable energy sources like
solar panels and wind energy to reduce reliance on fossil fuels,
lowering carbon emissions.
• Sustainable Farming: Support organic farming practices, crop rotation,
and agroforestry to maintain soil health and increase productivity
without harming the environment.
• Tree Plantation Drives: Engage the community in tree-planting
campaigns to restore green cover, improve air quality and prevent soil
erosion.
• By adopting these practices, the community can achieve sustainable
development while preserving natural resources for future generations.
• Any other relevant points
31. It’s the correct statement that some of the political organisations in India were
lukewarm in their response to the ‘Civil Disobedience Movement’. For
example,
• Some of the Congress leaders were not willing to continue the Non-
cooperation because they were tired of the mass struggle, wanted to
participate in the council elections and criticise the British policies
within the council.
• The Swaraj Party was formed within the Congress party by C R Das
and Motilal Nehru. It was formed with the purpose to argue for return to
council elections.
• Untouchables, or Dalits, felt ignored by the Congress due to fear of
offending conservative high-caste Hindus,
• Gandhiji aimed to eliminate untouchability, calling them harijan(children
of God) and advocating for their rights to public spaces and amenities.
• However, many Dalit leaders sought political solutions, such as
separate electorates. Despite Gandhi’s efforts, Dalit participation in the
Civil Disobedience Movement remained limited.

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 • The Muslims and their political organisations were also not taking much
interest in the Civil Disobedience Movement due to the decline of the
Non-cooperation Khilafat Movement.
• They felt alienated from congress,
• They felt that congress is linked with the Hindu Mahasabha.
• Efforts to forge unity between the congress and the Muslim League
failed due to disagreements over representation in future assemblies.
• Jinnah was willing to give up separate electorates in exchange for
reserved seats and proportional representation in Muslim-dominated
provinces, but negotiations fell apart.
• When the Civil Disobedience Movement started, there was already
suspicion and distrust between Hindus and Muslims. Many Muslims felt
alienated from the congress and were concerned about their status as
a minority within India.
• As a result, large sections of Muslims did not respond to the call for a
united struggle during the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Or
The precise narrative of the genesis of Gandhi’s idea of Non-
Cooperation with the British and the circumstantial significance of
launching the first Mass Movement in 1920 is given in Hind Swaraj
1909.
In this book, he declared that British rule was established in India with
the cooperation of Indians. If Indians refused to cooperate, British rule
in India would collapse within a year and Swaraj would come.
• Mahatma Gandhi proposed the following strategies for the
implementation of the Non-cooperation as a movement.
• The movement would begin with a surrender of titles, honours and
honorary posts by people.
• The movement would boycott Civil Services, Army, Police, British
courts and Legislative Assemblies, School and Colleges and British
goods.
• The British goods would be replaced by domestic goods or Swadeshi
to promote the native cottage industries.
• In case of government suppression, the Civil Disobedience Movement
would be launched. The Non-cooperation Movement was adopted by
the congress during the Nagpur session in December 1920 and it
began under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
32. Modern democracies cannot exist without political parties. We can understand
the necessity of political parties by imagining a situation without parties.
• Every candidate in the elections will be independent. So no one will be
able to make any promises to the people about any major policy
changes.
• The government may be formed, but its utility will remain ever
uncertain.

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 • Elected representatives will be accountable to their constituency for
what they do in the locality. But no one will be responsible for how the
country will be run.
• By looking at the non-party based elections to the panchayat in many
states-although the parties do not contest formally, it is generally
notices that the village gets split into more than one faction, each of
which puts up a ‘panel’ of its candidates. This is exactly what the party
does. That is the reason we find political parties in almost all countries
of the world, whether these countries are big or small, old or new,
developed or developing.
• The rise of political parties directly linked to the emergence of
representative democracies.
• Political parties fulfil the needs that every representative government
has. We can say that parties are necessary condition for a democracy.
Or
• One sees several parties compete for power, and when more than two
parties have reasonable chance of coming to power either on their own
strength or in an alliance with others, we call it a multiparty system.
Thus India, we have a multiparty system.
• In this system, the government is formed by various parties coming
together in a coalition.
• When several parties in a multi-party system join hands for the purpose
of contesting elections and winning power. It is called an alliance or a
front. For example, in India there were three such major alliance in
2004 parliamentary elections-the National Democratic Alliance, the
United Progressive Alliance and the Left Front.
• The multiparty system often appears very messy and leads to political
instability. At the same time, this system allows a variety of interests
and opinion to enjoy political representation.
• India has evolved a multiparty system because the social and
geographical diversity in such a large country is not easily absorbed by
two or even three parties. No system is ideal for all countries and all
situations.
33. Economic growth and development are related but distinct concepts:
• Economic Growth: It refers to the increase in a country’s output of
goods and services, usually measured by GDP.
• Development: Development includes not just economic growth, but
also improvements in living standards, education, and healthcare,
focusing on the overall well-being of people.
• Social Factors: Development emphasises social indicators like literacy
rates, life expectancy, and access to clean water and sanitation,
ensuring that progress benefits all sections of society.
• Inequality: Economic growth might not reduce inequality if wealth is
concentrated, while development ensures fairer distribution of
resources and opportunities.

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 • Quality of Life: While growth focuses on wealth creation, development
focuses on improving the quality of life, making sure that people live
healthier, more fulfilling lives.
• Thus, development is broader concept that includes economic growth
and social progress.
Or
The state with better education and healthcare access would be considered
more developed because:
• Human Development” Non-income indicators like life expectancy,
literacy rates, and access to healthcare reflect the overall well-being of
the population.
• Quality of Life: A state that invests in education and healthcare
provides a better quality of life for its citizens, enabling them to live
healthier and more productive lives.
• Social Progress: Access to education and healthcare leads to better
social outcomes, such as lower mortality rates and higher literacy,
which drive long-term development.
• Sustainability: A well-educated and healthy population is essential for
sustainable development, as they contribute more effectively to
economic and social growth.
• Measuring Development: Non-income indicators provide a holistic view
of development, focusing on the overall well-being of people, not just
economic output.
• Thus, development should be measured by both economic and non-
economic factors, with education and healthcare playing a vital role.
SECTION E
34.1 The passion for respect and freedom are the basis of democracy.
34.2 The democracy is considered as the superior form of government
because it promotes dignity and freedom of the individual.
34.3 Democracy in India has strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged
and discriminated castes for equal status and equal opportunity as they
are able to participate in decision making that affects them all.

35.1 During earlier days irrigation had been done through the proper
channels, lakes, dams etc. during Chandragupta Maurya, dams,
channels, lakes were extensively built.
35.2 Dams would integrate development of agriculture and the village
economy. It meets the requirement of water in drought-prone and
desert areas. It also integrates economy with rapid industrialisation and
growth of urban economy. Therefore, Jawaharlal Nehru proudly
proclaimed the dams as the “temples of modern India”.
35.3 The multi-purpose projects face many resistances because these
projects have primarily been opposed due to the large-scale
displacement of local communities. Local people often had to give up
their land, livelihood and their meagre access and control over
resources.

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 36.1 MNCs set up production where it is close to the markets, where there is
skilled and unskilled labour available at low costs.
36.2 The money that is spent to buy assets such as land, building, machines
and other equipment is called investment. Investment made by MNCs is
called foreign investment.
36.3 The common route for MNC investments is to buy up local companies
then to expand production. MNCs with huge wealth can quite easily do
so. To take an example, Cargil Foods, a very large American MNC, has
bought over smaller Indian companies such as Parakh Foods. Parakh
Foods had built a large marketing network in various parts of India,
where its brand was well-reputed. Also, Parakh Foods had four oil
refineries, whose control has now shifted to Cargil. Cargil is now the
largest producer of edible oil in India, with a capacity to make 5 million
pouches daily.

SECTION F
37.

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