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IT WORKSHOP LAB INDEX

Exp.n Experiment Name Date Page.no Marks
o

1 PC Hardware and software installation

TASK 1: Identify the peripherals of a computer, components in a CPU and

its functions. Draw the block diagram of the CPU along with the
configuration of each peripheral and submit to

Your instructor.

TASK 2: Every student should disassemble and assemble the PC back to

working condition. Lab instructors should verify the work and follow it up
with a Viva. Also, students need to go through the video which shows the
process of assembling a PC. A video would be given a part of the course
content.

TASK 3: Every student should individually install MS windows on the

personal computer. Lab instructor should verify the installation and
follow it up with a Viva

TASK 4: Every student should install Linux on the computer. This

computer should have windows installed. The system should be
configured as dual boot (VMware) with both Windows and Linux. Lab
instructors should verify the installation and follow it up with a Viva

TASK 5: Every student should install BOSS on the computer. The system
should be configured as dual boot (VMWare) with both Windows and
BOSS. Lab instructors should verify the installation and follow it up with a
Viva.

2 Internet and World wide Web

TASK 1: Orientation & Connectivity Boot Camp: Students should get

connected to their Local Area Network and access the Internet. In the
process they configure the TCP/IP setting. Finally, students should
demonstrate, to the instructor, how to access the websites and email. If
there is no internet connectivity preparations need to be made by the
instructors to simulate the WWW On the LAN.

TASK 2: Web Browsers, Surfing the Web: Students customize their web
browsers with the LAN proxy settings, bookmarks, search toolbars and
pop-up blockers. Also, plug-ins like Macromedia Flash and JRE for applets
should be configured

TASK 3: Search Engines & Netiquette: Students should know what search
engines are and how-to use the search engines. A few topics would be
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 given to the students for which they need to search on Google. This
should be demonstrated to the instructors by the student.

TASK 4: Cyber Hygiene: Students would be exposed to the various

threats on the internet and would be asked to configure their computer
to be safe on the internet. They need to customize their browsers to
block pop ups, block active x downloads to avoid viruses and/or worms.

3 LaTeX and WORD

TASK 1:Word Orientation: The mentor needs to give an overview of La

TeX and Microsoft (MS) office or equivalent (FOSS) tool word:
Importance of La TeX and MS office or equivalent (FOSS) tool Word as
word Processors, Details of the four tasks and features that would be
covered in each, Using La Tex and word – Accessing, overview of
toolbars, saving files, Using help and resources, rulers, format painter in
word.

TASK 2: Using La TeX and Word to create a project certificate. Features

to be covered: - Formatting Fonts in word, Drop Cap in word, Applying
Text effects, Using Character Spacing, Borders and Colors, Inserting
Header and Footer, Using Date and Time option in both La TeX and
Word.

TASK 3: Creating project abstract Features to be covered: -Formatting

Styles, inserting table, Bullets and Numbering, Changing Text Direction,
Cell alignment, Footnote, Hyperlink, Symbols, Spell Check, Track
Changes.

TASK 4: Creating a Newsletter: Features to be covered:

Table of Content, Newspaper columns, Images from files and clipart,

Drawing toolbar and Word Art, Formatting Images, Textboxes,
Paragraphs and Mail Merge in word.

4 EXCEL

TASK 1: Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered: Gridlines, Format

Cells, Summation, auto fill, Formatting Text

TASK 2: Calculating GPA -. Features to be covered: - Cell Referencing,

Formulae in excel –average, std. deviation, Charts, Renaming and
Inserting worksheets, Hyper linking, Count function,

TASK 3: Split cells, freeze panes, group and outline, Sorting, Boolean and
logical operators,

Conditional formatting

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 5 POWERPOINT

TASK 1: Students will be working on basic power point utilities and tools
which help them create basic power point presentations. PPT
Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text, WordArt, Formatting Text,
Bullets and Numbering, Auto Shapes, Lines and Arrows in PowerPoint.

TASK 2: Interactive presentations - Hyperlinks, Inserting –Images, Clip

Art, Audio, Video, Objects, Tables and Charts.

TASK 3: Master Layouts (slide, template, and notes), Types of views

(basic, presentation, slides otter, notes etc), and Inserting – Background,
textures, Design Templates, Hidden slides.

6 AI-TOOLS – Chat GPT

TASK 1: Prompt Engineering: Experiment with different types of prompts

to see how the model responds. Try asking questions, starting
conversations, or even providing incomplete sentences to see how the
model completes them.

TASK 2: Language Translation: Experiment with translation tasks by

providing a sentence inane language and asking the model to translate it
into another language. Compare the output to see how accurate and
fluent the translations are.

PC Hardware & Software Installation

Task 1: Identify the peripherals of a computer, components in a CPU and its functions. Draw the block diagram
of the CPU along with the configuration of each peripheral and submit to your instructor.

PERIPHERALS OF COMPUTER

This Document explains about Computer peripheral devices and their functions.Let us know

What is a peripheral Device?

A peripheral device is a device that either enters information into a computer system or receives information
from the computer system. It receive data and commands from the user, processes the data according to the
given commands and presents the data to the user.

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 Fig: Peripherals of a computer

TYPES OF PERIPHERAL DEVICES

1. INPUT DEVICE
An Input device inserts data or commands into the computer system.
Examples: Keyboard, Mouse, Optical Scanner, Webcam, Microphone etc...

Fig: Input devices a computer

1. Keyboard: A keyboard is the most common input device. Several kinds of keyboards are available, but
they resemble each other with minor variations. The keyboard in most common use is the QWERTY
board. Generally standard keyboard has 104 keys. In these keyboards, the cursor control keys are
duplicated to allow easier use of the numeric pad.

2. Mouse: A mouse is an electro-mechanical, hand-held device. It is used as a pointer. It can perform

functions like selecting menu commands, moving icons, and resizing windows, starting programs, and
choosing options. The most common mouse used to detect the movement of the mouse across a flat
surface, usually a desktop. Now a days Optical or laser mouse is used to detect the movement. All
windows based applications today are designed to work with a mouse. A mouse is used to replace hard-
to-remember key combinations with easier "Point and Click" actions. However, it cannot substitute all
keyboard operations. It can be alternative for commands based operations.

3. Optical Scanner: These devices are used for automatic data collection. The devices of this category
completely eliminate manual input of data. For example, the bar-code reader is actually just a special
type of image scanner. An image scanner translates printed.

4. Microphone: Microphone is an input device, which takes voice as input. The voice communication is
more error-prone than information through keyboard.There are two types of microphones available.

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5. OUTPUT DEVICE
An Output device receives the processed data from the computer system and presents the data to the
user
Examples: Monitor, Printer, Speaker, Projector etc...

Fig: Output devices of a computer

1. Monitor: Monitor is perhaps the most important output device because people interact with this device
most intensively than others. Information processed within the CPU, that needs to be visually displayed,
is sent to video adapter. The video adapter converts information from the format used, in the same
manner as a television displays information sent to it by a cable service.

2. Speakers: Speakers are another type of output device, which allow you to listen to voice like music, and
conversation with people.

3. Printers: After a document is created on the computer, it can be sent to a printer for a hard copy
(printout). Some printers offer special features such as coloured and large page formats. Some of the
most commonly used printers are:

1. Laser Printer
2. Ink Jet Printer
3. Dot Matrix Printer
4. Line Printer

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COMPONENTS IN CPU AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Fig: Components in CPU

1. Motherboard: It is a printed circuit that is the foundation of a computer and allows the CPU, RAM, and
all other computer hardware components to function with each other.

Fig: Motherboard

2. Processor/CPU: It was first developed by Intel in 1974. Unit. The computer CPU is responsible for
handling all instructions and calculation it receives from other hardware components in the computer
and software programs running on the computer.

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 Fig: Processor

3. Hard drive: Hard drive is a Computer's main storage media device also called a hard disk drive or
abbreviated as HD or HDD.

Fig: Hard drive

4. Memory/RAM: Ram is a term commonly used to describe the memory within a computer. RAM
(Random Access Memory) is the internal memory of the CPU for storing data, program, and program
result. It is a read/write memory which stores data until the machine is working. As soon as the machine
is switched off, data is erased.

Fig: Memory

5. CD/DVD ROM Drives: CD-ROM drives are CD-Players inside computers that has the capability of playing
audio CDs and computer data CDs. DVD-RW Drive is a technology that enables a user to read and write to
a DVD+RW or DVD+R disc several times.

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 Fig: DVD drive

6. Power Supply: The PS is an internal hardware component used to supply the components within the
computer with power. Besides properly supplying power to the computer and all its internal
components, the power supply also converts the AC electrical current found in most standard wall
sockets throughout the United States into a lower DC voltage that the computer components use.

Fig: Power supply

7. Sound Cards: It is Also known as a sound board or an audio card, a sound card is an expansion card or
integrated circuit that provides a computer with the ability to produce sound that can be heard by the
user.

Fig: Sound card

8. Video/Graphic: Cards also known as a graphics card, video card, video board, or a video controller, a
video adapter is an internal circuit board that allows a display device, such as a monitor, to display
images from the computer.

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Fig: Graphic card

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Task 2: Every student should disassemble and assemble the PC back to working condition. Lab instructors
should verify the work and follow it up with a Viva. Also, students need to go through the video which shows the
process of assembling a PC. A video would be given as part of the course content.

1. setting the Cabinet ready :

Check how to open the cabinet and determine where to fix the components. It handles smps, hard disk, RAM,
Sata hard drive etc and connectivity to various ports.

2. Fitting the Mother board:

Line up the patch on the mother board with the appropriate holes in the block panel I/O shield of the case.
Check where you should install them and make the motherboard sit on them and fix the screws.

The motherboard is a computers central communication backbone connectivity point, through which all the
components and externals peripherals connect.

3. Installing the processor

Raise the small lever at the side of the socket. Notice that there is pin missing at one corner, determine the
direction to fit in the processor. You should not force the CPU. While inserting it, all pins should slide smoothly
into the socket. Lock the lever back down.

The processor provides the instructions and processing power the computer needs to do its work. The more
powerful and updated your processor, the faster your computer can complete its tasks.

4. Installing the processor fan:

Install the heat sink/CPU fan over it (Different for each processor).

They are specially designed to cool down the processor, dissipating heat generated by processors operation.

5. Fitting the RAM:

The RAM must be suitable for motherboard. There are currently 3 types of RAM available.

1. SD RAM: generic name for various kinds of dynamic RAM that are synchronized with the clock speed
that the microprocessor is optimized for
2. DDR RAM: Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory, which means that the memory is
synchronized with the system clock and can access any memory location in a random order.
3. RD RAM

The motherboard chipset determines which type of RAM may be used.

6. Installing the SMPS:

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Identify the SMPS slot in the computer case. It typically at the top back of the case. Align the SMPS correctly with
the slot. The fan should face outside the case for proper ventilation. The SMPS supplies the power to the
monitor and all the components of CPU.

7. Installing the ATX Power Connector:

1. Mouse
1. Keyboard
2. Serial COM1
3. Serial COM2
4. Ethernet
5. Sound
6. Power
8. Installing the HDD and Floppy disk:

Place the floppy disk and hard disks in their slots. Leave some space above HDD to prevent heat building. Check
the jumper configuration. Fix the screws.

9. CD ROM Drive:

CD-ROM drive is similar to installing a hard disk. 1st check that the jumper configuration is correct . Fix the screw.

10. LAN Card:

Identify an available PCI or PCIe slot on the motherboard. Gently insert the LAN card into the selected slot,
making sure it’s properly aligned.

Secure the LAN card by screwing it into place on the case. Connect on end of an Ethernet cable to the LAN card
and the other end to the router or switch.

11. Connecting the ribbon Cables and Front panel connections

1. Attach the long end of the cable to the IDEU connector on the mother board first. There stripe on the IDE
cable should be facing the CD Power.

12. Final Check:

1. Mother board jumper configurations are the settings for the processor operator.
2. Drive jumper settings, master/slave correct?
3. Is the processor, RAM modules and plug in cards finally seated in the is sockets?
4. Did you plug all the cables in? Do the yell fit really?
5. Have you frightened all the screws in plug-in cards or fitted the clips?
6. Are the drive secure?
7. Have unconnected the power cables to all driver?

Task 3: Every student should install individually MS Windows on the PC.

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Installations of windows on PC:

Installing Microsoft Windows on a PC can be straightforward if you follow the steps carefully. Here’s a detailed
guide to help you through the process:

Requirements

1. Windows Installation Media:

You can use a USB drive or DVD with the Windows installation files. You can create this media using the
Windows Media Creation Tool available on Microsoft’s website and click Download now tool.

Fig: Window installation media

2. Product Key:

Make sure you have a valid Windows product key. This is usually required during installation you need to
activate and verify your copy of Microsoft Windows.

Fig: Product key

3. Compatible Hardware:

Ensure your PC meets the minimum system requirements for the version of Windows you’re installing.

Installation Steps

1. Backup Your Data:

Before proceeding, back up any important data. Installing Windows can erase existing files on the drive. Note
that any content on the drive will be erased during the setup.

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 Fig: Backup data

2. Prepare the Installation Media:

- If you haven’t created the installation media yet, download the Media Creation Tool from the Microsoft
website and follow the instructions to create a bootable USB or DVD. On the “what do you want to do “page,
click “create installation media for another PC” and then click “Next”.

Fig: installation media

3. Boot from Installation Media:

Insert the USB drive or DVD into your PC.Restart the computer.

Access the boot menu by pressing the appropriate key (often F2, F10, F12, or ESC, depending on the
manufacturer) during startup. Select the USB drive or DVD to boot from it.

Fig: Boot Menu

4. Start the Installation Process:

Once booted, you’ll see the Windows Setup screen. Choose your language, time, and keyboard preferences,
and then click next. Click on Install now.

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 Fig: Windows Setup

5. Enter Product Key:

- You may be prompted to enter your product key. Input it now or choose "I don’t have a product key" to
proceed and activate later.

6. Select the Windows Version:

Choose the version of Windows you want to install (e.g., Home, Pro).

Fig: Windows Version

7. Accept License Terms:

Read and accept the license terms to continue.

Fig: License terms

8. Choose Installation Type:

- You can select either “Upgrade” (if you want to keep existing files) or “Custom” (for a fresh installation). For a
clean install, choose “Custom”.

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 Fig: Installation type

9. Select the Drive:

- You’ll see a list of your hard drives and partitions. Select the partition where you want to install Windows. If
necessary, you can delete, format, or create new partitions. Be cautious, as this will erase all data on those
partitions.

Fig: Drive selection

10. Begin Installation:

- Click “Next” to begin the installation. Windows will copy files and install features, which may take some time.
Your computer may restart several times during this process.

11. Configure Windows Settings:

- After installation, you’ll go through a series of setup screens to configure your preferences. This includes:

-Personalization: Set up your account, choose a username and password.

- Privacy Settings: Customize your privacy preferences.

- Connect to Network: If prompted, connect to your Wi-Fi or Ethernet.

12. Finalizing Setup:

- Once the initial setup is complete, Windows will finalize your settings. This may take a few minutes.

13. Install Drivers and Updates:

- After reaching the desktop, check for Windows updates via “Settings > Update & Security > Windows
Update”.

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 - Install necessary drivers, especially for graphics, sound, and network devices. You can download these from
the manufacturer’s website.

14. Restore Backups and Install Software:

- Restore any backed-up files and install your preferred applications.

Precautions

1. Ensure your PC is plugged into a power source during installation to avoid interruptions.
2. Have a reliable internet connection for downloading updates and drivers.
3. If you run into issues, refer to the Microsoft support website or forums for troubleshooting.

TASK4: Every student should install Linux on the computer. This computer should have windows installed. The system
should be configured as dual boot (VMware) with both Windows and Linux. Lab instructors should verify the installation
and follow it up with a Viva

PROCEDURE:

1. Language Selection

● Using your mouse select the language you would prefer to use for the installation
● Click next to continue.

2. Key Board Configuration:

● Using your mouse select the correct layout type for the keyboard you would prefer to use for the
installation and as the system default.
● Once you have made the selection click next to continue.

3. Mouse Configuration:

● If you have a PS/2, USB or Bus mouse you do not need to pick a port and device. If you have a serial
mouse, you should choose the correct port and device that your serial mouse is on.

□The Emulate3 buttons check box allows you to use a two-button mouse as if it had three buttons . If you select
this check box you can emulate a third―middle ǁ button by pressing both mouse buttons simultaneously.

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4. Installation Type:

● Choose the type of installation you would like to perform.

● Your options are Personal desktop ,Workstation ,Server , Custom and

Upgrade

4. Disk partition Setup:

● You can chose automatic partitioning or manual partitioning using Disk Druid of f disk.
● Automatic partitioning allows you to perform an installation without having to partition your drives
yourself.
● Automatic partitioning allows you to have some control concerning what

Data is removed from your system.

● Your options are:

● Remove all Linux partitions on this system.

● Remove all partitions on this system

● Keep all partitions and use existing free space.

● To partition manually choose either Disk druid or f disk partitioning tool.

● Lick next once you have made your selections.

6. Partitioning your system:

● If you chose automatic partitioning and did not select Review skip ahead
● If you choose automatic partitioning and selected review you can either accept the current partition
settings (click next) or modify the setup using Disk Druid, the manual partition tool.

□ If you choose manual partition with disk skip ahead.

● At this point you must tell the installation program where to install Linux. This is done by defining mount
points for one or more disk partitions in which Linux will be installed.

7. Adding Partitions:

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To add a new partition select new button, a dialogue box appears. Select the options and click ok

8. Boot Loader Configuration:

● Boot loader is the first software program that runs when a computer starts. The installation program
provides two boot loaders GRUB ( G Rand Unified Boot Loader)which is the default and LILO
● If you do not want GRUB as your boot loader clicks Change Boot Loader.

● You can then choose to install LILO or choose not to install boot loader at all by clicking Do not install
boot loader on the change boot loader button.
● Network devices are automatically detected and displayed in Network Devices list,

Select an et work device and click Edit

Here you can configure IP address and net mask of the device.

9. Fire wall configuration:

● Offers fire wall protection for enhanced protection.

● A properly configured firewall can greatly increase the security of the system.

10. Time zone configuration:

You can set your time zone by selecting your computers physical location or by specifying your time
zones offset from Universal Time.

11.Account Configuration:

□Allows to set Root password or user accounts

□Root count is similar to the administer at or password that you set up in WinNT.

● Click add button to add an e w n on-rot user.

● Enter the details and click OK.

12. Packing group selection:

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 ● You can select package groups which groups components together or individual packages or a
combination of the two.

TASK5: Every student should install BOSS on the computer. The system should be configured as dual boot (VMWare) with
both Windows and BOSS. Lab instructors should verify the installation and follow it up with a Viva.

Most of the Indian peoples depend on other countries to get the operating systems for their computers, laptops,
smartphones, and other gadgets. May it be Windows, or any Linux distribution like Ubuntu, RedHat or Linux
Mint. None of them are Indian. Well, everybody depends on others for something or the other, and there is
nothing bad about it. After all, India also exports a number of finished products, which are not available in other
countries. Whatever may it be, if you are looking for an open source PC operating system, which is based in
India, the BOSS OS is the one you can go for.

BOSS or Bharat Operating System Solutions is based on the Linux kernel and is available for download. It comes
with lot of pre-installed apps, and there is even provision to download some more. If you are looking for an
operating system for everyday usage, do not want to pay a lot for Windows, and want to become proud using an
Indian product, BOSS can be the most appropriate option you can go for. You can install BOSS both on a
dedicated system as well as a virtual machine to check it out.

Apart from the availability of BOSS for PCs, you can even download BOSS for Server, for educational purposes,
or for other requirements.

Before proceeding with the process to install it, and give a small verdict about it, let’s find out the minimum
system requirements for installing the BOSS operating system.

Minimum system requirements for BOSS operating system.

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∙ 512 MB RAM

∙ 10 GB of unpartitioned hard drive space. (You may require more for installing additional third-party resources
and programs)

∙ Any processor that supports the i386, ppc or x86_64 architecture. Basically, you can install BOSS on even the
old systems, as well. (But the performance will not be equally good on old systems)

∙ DVD drive for installation from DVD drive or a USB interface

∙ An internet connection for downloading apps and packages from the repository and other places.

∙ 800×600 pixels screen resolution for best display performance.

Downloading BOSS OS

You can download BOSS OS from here . Choose the most appropriate version for your requirements. I will be
using the BOSS 6 Anoop x64 for PCs for this tutorial. The size is almost 1.8 GB.

Installing BOSS OS on PC

So let’s find out how to install it.

Step 1: If you want to install BOSS from a USB storage device, you will first have to make it bootable. You can
read this article to know how to make a USB storage device bootable, and put BOSS into it. Though the article is
meant for Ubuntu, you can even read the article to make a USB storage device bootable with BOSS operating
system.

Step 2: Put the BOSS bootable DVD or the USB drive on your computer, and configure your computer to boot
from that drive by going to BIOS settings.

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Step 3: You will get the following screen after the booting starts from the drive, where the BOSS OS is present.
Use your navigation keys to move on to ‘Graphical install’ and hit the enter key.

Step 4: Now you will have to choose the language for installation. There are 10 Indian languages to choose from
apart from ‘English’ language. Choose the most appropriate one depending upon which one suits best for you. I
am choosing ‘English’ here. After that click on the ‘Continue’ button.

Step 5: Now you will have to choose the location. The location will be used to detect the time zone and other
small things. I am choosing ‘India’, and I don’t think I need an explanation why. Click on ‘Continue’ after you
have done choosing.

Step 6: Choose the keyboard configuration after this. I am choosing ‘American English’ here. Click on ‘Continue’
after that. You can even get a number of other different key configurations, and some of them are Indian, as
well.

Step 7: Now some additional tasks will be done, and to his might take a few seconds to complete. After those
tasks are completed, you will have to enter the host name for the system. Once you are done entering the

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 hostname, click on ‘Continue’.

Step 8: The hostname will be used to recognize your system on the network. So choose the name judiciously.
Though, these settings can also be changed after the installation is complete.

Step 9: Now you will have to assign the domain name to the system. You can also leave this thing blank, which I
will be doing. Again click on ‘Continue’.

Step 10: Now you will have to set up the usernames and the passwords. You can also leave this thing blank if you
want. Then click on ‘Continue’.

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Step 11: Now you will enter the username. I am keeping it as ‘BOSS’. You can put other names, as well. Click on
‘Continue’ once you are done.

Step 12: Now enter the password twice, as usual. Choose a tough password to secure your system. That is quite
obvious. After that, click on ‘Continue’.

Step 13: It will again take some time to set up the clock and do some additional tasks. Now you will have to
partition the disks. You can either use the entire disk for installation or can even create partitions. As I am

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installing BOSS for testing purposes, I will be choosing ‘Guided – use entire disk’ After you have selected the disk
partitioning scheme, click on ‘Continue’.

Step 14: Now choose the disk for installation, and click on ‘Continue’ again.

Step 15: Now there will be multiple options. I will be choosing ‘All files in one partition (recommended for new
users)’ and click on ‘Continue’. You can even separate the /home, or /home, /usr partitions, as per your
requirements.

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Step 16: Now click on ‘I finish partitioning and write changes to disk’, and click on ‘Continue’.

Step 17: Select ‘Yes’ and again click on ‘Continue’. After that, the installation process will start and might take
several minutes depending on the system you are using.

Step 18: Now you will have to install the GRUB boot loader. Just select ‘Yes’ and click on ‘Continue’. But if there
is any other operating system, which is not detected by the BOSS installer, that operating system can only be
booted by modifying the GRUB later on.

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Step 19: Now select the hard drive volume, where your operating system is installed, and click on ‘Continue’.

Step 20: Now the installation will be completed. Just click on ‘Continue’. After a few seconds, the system will
reboot.

Step 21: Now choose the operating system to boot into, enter the password to log in, and start using BOSS, the
Indian version of GNU or Linux. On the first start, you will be shown the license agreement.

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Boss comes with a plethora of pre-installed apps for everyday functionalities. They include everything from
Firefox Web Browser, Chromium Web Browser LibreOffice, gedit, Maps to other apps like GIMP, VLC Media
Player, and many more. I am sure, all the programs will surely be more than enough to carry out your everyday
tasks.

If you want to install any new apps, you can easily do that by downloading them from the APT repository.

Just type ‘sudo apt-get install ’ to download and install a new package from the apt repository.

If you are getting a low-resolution display on your computer, you can easily change it to 1360×768 or other
resolutions by opening ‘Settings’, and by choosing ‘Display’ from it.

The limitations of BOSS (if compared to Ubuntu or other distros)

BOSS is not the perfect Linux I would say. Unlike Ubuntu or other Linux distributions, there are numerous
differences, which I will discuss here.

∙ Unlike Ubuntu or other Linux distributions, the BOSS OS doesn’t come with a Store, where you can download
apps. Though the Store on other Linux platforms is not completely reliable. Nevertheless, the Store is useful for
some users.

∙ You can only download apps from the APT repository on BOSS. There are other great repositories like YUM or
SNAP. The provision to download apps from those repositories is not available, at least natively.

∙ Ubuntu or other Linux distributions have a huge community. No such dedicated community with a huge
number of co-operative users is not present for BOSS. That is a kind of limitation, I would say for the beginners,
who are not that experts in using Linux.

My verdict

Though BOSS might not be perfect, but it isn’t a deal breaker if you are looking for an operating system made in
India, and want to become proud of being an Indian. But if you are into development, BOSS might not be the
most perfect piece of an operating system for you. But you can always try it out and check, whether it is your
most appropriate cup of tea. Install a Guest Operating System Manually Installing a guest operating system in a
virtual machine is similar to installing an operating system on a physical computer. If you do not use Easy Install
when you create a virtual machine in the New Virtual Machine wizard, you must install the guest operating
system manually.

You can install a guest operating system from an installer disc or ISO image file. You can also use a PXE server to
install the guest operating system over a network connection. If the host configuration does not permit the
virtual machine to boot from an installer disc, you can create an ISO image file from the installer disc.

Prerequisites

∙ Verify that the operating system is supported. See the online VMware Compatibility Guide on the VMware
Web site.

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∙ See the VMware Guest Operating System Installation Guide for information on the guest operating system
that you are installing.

Procedure

1. If you are installing the guest operating system from an installer disc, configure the virtual machine to use a
physical CD-ROM or DVD drive and configure the drive to connect at power on.

a. Select the virtual machine and select VM > Settings.

b. On the Hardware tab, select CD/DVD drive.

c. Select Connect at power on.

d. (Remote virtual machine only) Select the location of the CD-ROM or DVD drive.

e. Select Use physical drive and select a the drive.

f. Click OK to save your changes.

2. If you are installing the guest operating system from an ISO image file, configure the CD/DVD drive in the
virtual machine to point to the ISO image file and configure the drive to connect at power on.

a. Select the virtual machine and select VM > Settings.

b. On the Hardware tab, select CD/DVD drive.

c. Select Connect at power on.

d. (Remote virtual machine only) Select the location of the ISO image file.

e. Select Use ISO image file and browse to the location of the ISO image file.

f. Click OK to save your changes.

3. If you are installing the guest operating system from an installer disc, insert the disc in the CD-ROM or DVD
drive.

4. Power on the virtual machine.

5. Follow the installation instructions provided by the operating system vendor.

6. If the operating system consists of multiple installer discs and you are prompted to insert the next disc, insert
the next disc in the physical drive.

7. If the operating system consists of multiple ISO image files, select the image file for the next CD.

a. Select VM > Removable Devices > CD/DVD > Disconnect and disconnect from the current ISO image file.

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 b. Select VM > Removable Devices > CD/DVD > Settings and select the next ISO image file.

c. Select Connected and click OK.

8. Use the standard tools in the operating system to configure its settings.

Internet & World Wide Web

Task1: Orientation & Connectivity Boot Camp: Students should get connected to their Local Area Network and
access the Internet. In the process they configure the TCP/IP setting. Finally students should demonstrate, to the
instructor, how to access the websites and email. If there is no internet connectivity preparations need to be
made by the instructors to simulate the WWW on the LAN.

Orientation and Connectivity Boot Camp:

To configure TCP/IP settings

1. Open Network Connections.

2. Click the connection you want to configure, and then, under Network Tasks, click Change settings of this
connection.

3. Do one of the following:

• To open Network Connections, click Start, point to Settings, click Control Panel, and then double click Network
Connections.

• You should use automated IP settings (DHCP) whenever possible, for the following reasons:

o DHCP is enabled by default.

o If your location changes, you do not have to modify your IP settings.

o Automated IP settings are used for all conn

If you have a network adapter installed, and have set up a home or small office network, you are connected to a
local area network (LAN). You are also connected to a LAN if your Windows XP Professional computer is part of a
corporate network. When you start your computer, your network adapter is detected and the local area
connection automatically starts. Unlike other types of connections, the local area connection is created
automatically, and you do not have to click the local area connection in order tostart it.
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To make an Internet connection

1. Open Network Connections.

2. Under Network Tasks, click Create a new connection, and then click Next.

3. Click Connect to the Internet, and then click Next.

4. Choose one of the following:

o If you already have an account with an Internet service provider (ISP), click Set up my connection manually and
then click Next.

o If you have a CD from an ISP, click Use the CD I got from an ISP and then click Next.

o If you do not have an Internet account, click Choose from a list of Internet service providers (ISPs) and then
click Next.

5. From your choice above, click one of the following:

Set up my connection manually

o If you are connecting to your ISP using a standard 28.8 Kbps, 56 Kbps, or ISDN modem, click Connect using a
dial-up modem, click Next, and follow the instructions in the wizard.

o If your DSL or cable modem ISP connection requires a user name and password, click Connect using a
broadband connection that requires a user name and password, click Next, and then follow the instructions in
the wizard.

o If your DSL or cable modem ISP connection is always on and does not require you to type a user name and
password, click Connect using a broadband connection that is always on, click Next, and then click Finish. Use
the CD I got from an ISP

o Click Next, and then click Finish. Insert the CD provided by your ISP and follow the instructions. Choose from a
list of Internet service providers (ISPs)

o To create an Internet account using MSN Explorer, click Get online with MSN, and then click Finish. Follow the
instructions in MSN Explorer.

o To choose an ISP, click Select from a list of ISPs, click Finish, and then double-click Refer me to more Internet
service providers. Follow the instructions in the wizard.

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Task 2: Web Browsers, Surfing the Web: Students customize their web browsers with the LAN proxy settings,
bookmarks, search toolbars and pop-up blockers. Also, plug-ins like Macromedia Flash and JRE for applets
should be configured.

Web Browsers and Surfing the Web: Customizing Browser Settings

This task focuses on customizing web browsers for optimized use in a Local Area Network (LAN) environment. It
covers configuring proxy settings, organizing bookmarks, setting up search toolbars, enabling pop-up blockers,
and ensuring that plugins like Macromedia Flash and Java Runtime Environment (JRE) for applets are properly
configured.

1. Configuring LAN Proxy Settings in Web Browsers

A proxy server is used in many LAN environments to route web traffic through a centralized server. This helps
with internet access control, security, and monitoring. Browsers can be configured to use the proxy server to
ensure that web traffic passes through the correct channel.

Steps to Configure Proxy Settings (For Popular Browsers)

1. Google Chrome:
1. Open Chrome and click the three dots in the top-right corner.
2. Select Settings.
3. Scroll down and click on Advanced.
4. Under System, click Open your computer’s proxy settings.
5. In the Internet Properties window, go to the Connections tab and click LAN settings.
6. Check Use a proxy server for your LAN.
7. Enter the proxy server address and port number provided by your network administrator.
8. Click OK to save changes.
2. Mozilla Firefox:
1. Open Firefox and click the three horizontal lines (hamburger menu) in the top-right corner.
2. Select Settings.
3. Scroll down and click Settings under Network Settings.
4. Select Manual proxy configuration.
5. Enter the proxy server address and port under HTTP Proxy.
6. Optionally, check Use this proxy server for all protocols to apply it across all protocols (HTTP,
HTTPS, FTP).
7. Click OK to save changes.
3. Microsoft Edge:
1. Open Edge and click the three dots in the top-right corner.
2. Select Settings.
3. Scroll down to System and performance.
4. Click Open your computer's proxy settings.
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 5. In the Internet Properties window, go to the Connections tab, click LAN settings, and enter the
proxy server address and port.

2. Organizing Bookmarks in the Web Browser

Bookmarks are a convenient way to save and organize your favorite websites, allowing easy access later. You
can create folders for different categories and manage them within the browser.

Steps to Organize Bookmarks:

1. Google Chrome:
1. Open Chrome and click the three dots in the top-right corner.
2. Select Bookmarks > Bookmark manager.
3. In the Bookmark Manager, you can create folders by right-clicking on the bookmarks bar or within
the manager.
4. Drag and drop your favorite websites into these folders for better organization.
2. Mozilla Firefox:
1. Open Firefox and click the three horizontal lines (hamburger menu).
2. Select Library > Bookmarks > Show All Bookmarks.
3. Create folders by right-clicking in the left panel and selecting New Folder.
4. Drag and drop bookmarks into these folders.
3. Microsoft Edge:
1. Open Edge and click on the three dots in the top-right corner.
2. Select Favorites > Manage Favorites.
3. Create folders by clicking Add folder.
4. Drag and drop bookmarks into these folders.

3. Setting Up Search Toolbars

Search toolbars are small tools within the browser that allow you to search the web directly from the browser
window. You can customize them to use preferred search engines or even add additional search options.

Steps to Set Up Search Toolbars:

1. Google Chrome:
1. Open Chrome and click on the three dots in the top-right corner.
2. Select Settings.
3. Under Search engine, click Manage search engines.
4. You can add new search engines here by clicking Add and entering the relevant information.
5. Select your preferred search engine to make it the default.
2. Mozilla Firefox:
1. Open Firefox and click on the three horizontal lines.
2. Select Settings.
3. Under Search, you can choose your default search engine or click Find more search engines to
add new ones.
3. Microsoft Edge:
1. Open Edge and click the three dots in the top-right corner.
2. Select Settings.
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 3. Click Privacy, search, and services, then scroll down to Services.
4. Under Address bar and search, select Manage search engines.
5. Choose your desired search engine or click Add to add a custom one.

4. Enabling Pop-Up Blockers

Pop-ups can be intrusive and can be blocked using built-in browser settings. Most modern browsers include a
pop-up blocker that is enabled by default.

Steps to Enable Pop-Up Blockers:

1. Google Chrome:
1. Open Chrome and click on the three dots in the top-right corner.
2. Select Settings.
3. Scroll down to Privacy and security and click Site settings.
4. Scroll down to Content and click Pop-ups and redirects.
5. Make sure that Blocked is selected.
2. Mozilla Firefox:
1. Open Firefox and click the three horizontal lines in the top-right corner.
2. Select Settings.
3. Under Privacy & Security, scroll down to Permissions.
4. Check the box next to Block pop-up windows.
3. Microsoft Edge:
1. Open Edge and click the three dots in the top-right corner.
2. Select Settings.
3. Go to Cookies and site permissions.
4. Under All permissions, click Pop-ups and redirects.
5. Toggle the Blocked option to disable pop-ups.

5. Configuring Plug-ins: Macromedia Flash and JRE (Java Runtime Environment)

Some websites use Flash and Java applets for interactive content. These plug-ins need to be installed and
configured in the browser.

Steps to Enable or Install Flash and Java:

1. Adobe Flash (Not Recommended as it is Deprecated):

1. Google Chrome and Microsoft Edge: Flash is now blocked by default in most modern browsers
because Adobe officially discontinued Flash at the end of 2020. To enable Flash, you will need to
specifically enable it on a per-site basis, but it’s generally advised to avoid using it due to security
risks.
2. Mozilla Firefox: Firefox no longer supports Flash as of January 2021. Alternative methods (like
HTML5) should be used for any interactive content.
2. Java Runtime Environment (JRE):
1. Install JRE from the Oracle website or OpenJDK.
2. Google Chrome: Chrome no longer supports Java plug-ins directly. You may need to use other
browsers like Firefox that still allow Java applets, though this is becoming increasingly rare.

34
 3. Mozilla Firefox: Firefox supports Java through the JDK. You will need to install the JDK and
configure it in Firefox’s Preferences under Applications.
4. Microsoft Edge: Java applets are not supported in Edge, and you will need to use a legacy browser
if necessary.

Task3: Search Engines & Netiquette: Students should know what search engines are and how to use the search
engines. A few topics would be given to the students for which they need to search on Google. This should be
demonstrated to the instructors by the student.

A search engine is a tool or program that allows users to search for information on the internet. When you enter
a query or keywords, the search engine scans its database of indexed websites and returns a list of relevant
results. Search engines use complex algorithms to rank web pages based on their relevance to the search query.

The most popular search engines are:

1. Google (the most widely used)

Fig : GOOGLE
2. Bing (Microsoft's search engine)

Fig:BING
3. Yahoo!

Fig: YAHOO
4. DuckDuckGo (focused on privacy)

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 Fig: DUCK DUCK GO

5. Baidu (popular in China)

Fig: BAIDU

Search engines have become an essential tool for accessing vast amounts of information on the web. They allow
users to:

1. Find websites, news articles, videos, images, and other content.

2. Quickly access a wide range of topics with just a few keywords.
3. Discover resources, academic papers, and tools from credible sources.

Google Search is simple to use and very powerful. Here's how students can use it effectively:

1. OpenGoogle:
Open a web browser (e.g., Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge) and go to the Google
website: https://www.google.com.
2. Enter a Search Query:
In the search bar, type a question or set of keywords related to the topic you're researching.
Example: If you want to search for information on "climate change," simply type that phrase into the
search bar.
3. Refine Your Search:
1. Use specific keywords: Be as specific as possible in your search query to get more relevant results.
For example, instead of searching for "Python," search for "Python programming tutorial."
2. Use quotation marks for exact phrases: If you're looking for an exact phrase, enclose it in quotes.
For example: "artificial intelligence applications".
3. Use a minus sign to exclude words: If you want to exclude certain words from your search, use
the minus sign. For example: apple -fruit will search for Apple, excluding results related to the
fruit.

Explore Results:

4. Top Results: The first few results are often the most relevant. Google ranks pages based on their
relevance and quality.
5. Related Questions: On the search results page, Google often shows related questions or people
also ask sections to give you more insight into your topic.
6. Images, Videos, News: Google allows you to view results specifically for images, videos, or news
articles by selecting the respective tabs under the search bar.

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Tips for Efficient Searching

1. Be specific: The more specific your query, the more accurate your results will be.
2. Use synonyms: If your search doesn’t give the results you want, try using different terms with the same
meaning.
3. Use advanced search operators:
1. site: - Restrict results to a specific website (e.g., site:edu to search educational websites).
2. filetype: - Search for specific file types (e.g., filetype:pdf).
3. intitle: - Find pages with certain words in the title (e.g., intitle:"climate change").

Evaluating Search Results

When performing research, it's important to critically evaluate the quality of the information found. Key factors
include:

1. Source credibility: Is the website reputable (e.g., educational institutions, government websites)?
2. Up-to-date information: Does the page have the latest data or is it outdated?
3. Bias and accuracy: Does the content provide balanced, objective information, or does it show signs of
bias?

TASK 4: Cyber Hygiene: Students would be exposed to the various threats on the internet and would be asked to
configure their computer to be safe on the internet. They need to customize their browsers to block pop ups,
block active x downloads to avoid viruses and/or worms. Cyber hygiene or cyber security hygiene, refers to the
practices and procedures that individuals and organizations use to maintain the health and security resilience of
their systems, devices, networks and networks. The main goal of cyber hygiene is to keep sensitive data secure
and protected from cyber-attacks and theft. Cyber hygiene practices are listed below.

Use Strong Passwords: Use strong passwords consisting of different characters, numbers, special characters etc.
Keep different passwords for different accounts. Avoid writing my passwords down or sharing them with others.

Keep Software Updated: Update apps, web browsers, operating systems, and firmware regularly to make I'm
using the latest versions, which have eliminated or patched possible security glitches. Only download apps from
reputable or official sources

Be Cautious with Links and Attachments: Avoid clicking on suspicious links or links I am not sure of. Avoid
downloading suspicious attachments from emails or text messages I am not expecting. Don't click on ads that
promise free money, prizes, or discounts.

Regular Backups: keep files secure and protect against data loss by backing up essential files offline, either on
an external hard drive or in the cloud.

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Secure Wi-Fi Networks: Use strong encryption (like WPA3) for your Wi-Fi network and change the default router
password.

Limit Personal Information Sharing: Don't post private information such as my home address, private pictures,
phone number, or credit card numbers publicly on social media. Being cautious about the permissions I accept
for all the apps I use. Avoid quizzes, games, or surveys on social media that ask for sensitive personal
information.

Security software: Install security software, such as antimalware and antivirus, to defend systems against
malicious software, including viruses, ransom ware, spyware, worms, rootkits and Trojans. Make sure the
software is properly configured and run regular scans to flag unusual activity

Using network firewalls: use a firewall to prevent malicious software from accessing my computer or network
via the internet ensure my firewall is correctly configured

LaTeX and WORD

Task 1 – Word Orientation: The mentor needs to give an overview of LaTeX and Microsoft (MS) office or
equivalent (FOSS) tool word: Importance of La TeX and MS office or equivalent (FOSS) tool Word as word
Processors, Details of the four tasks and features that would be covered in each, Using La TeXand word –
Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving files, Using help and resources, rulers, format painter in word.

IMPORTANCE OF MS OFFICE IN EDUCATION:

Microsoft word is an important education application. It is important to process raw facts into meaningful
information. Microsoft word can benefits teachers and students to create new innovative methods of learning
and teaching. Microsoft word and Microsoft office suite for students help to transmit educational materials and
practice systematically in school and university faster with higher quality.

MICROSOFT APPLICATION IS A TEACHING TOOL FOR TUTORS AND TEACHERS.

In which tutors can use Microsoft word templates to teach complex fundamental into simple methods. E.g.
Write a letter for school leaving certificate. In traditional education method, students write and practice
school leaving certificate on notebooks. But in future students need to print the letter or all the departments
will be becoming digital. In that time you can’t imagine the applications are received by a handwritten letter
on physical paper.

So, my point is why not teachers teach or give them freedom to write a letter on Microsoft Word with
traditional practice methods (handwritten). I explained benefits above but another one is if they learn and
use Microsoft word in school or practice on various documents writing methods then in future they don’t
need to spend money on computer courses. While same time Government of India or others countries are
branding IT education in schools for students.

That’s why I think how Microsoft word and MS Office etc. application can be used and utilized by teachers and
students to faster the process of receiving and giving information. And to achieve this purposes around the
world school and colleges. I believe Microsoft Word is an important application that can improve and
maximize practical education practices in schools and colleges.

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SIMPLE EXAMPLES ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF MICROSOFT WORD IN EDUCATION:

1. When you type on wrong spelling on Microsoft Word it highlights your mistake in the red line in real time.
Then you right click and correct it. Similar, students observe spelling mistake in real time. It means they will try
to take the decision based on suggestion after click on the word underline red. Now they can observe, judge,
think which one spelling is correct?

That is going to self-learning practices and freedom (leadership) to take the decision. It will improve their brain
power, thinking pattern. And if students are able to do that small work, teachers can maximize their topic
broadly. I think you’re agreeing. That’s why I think Microsoft word can help students to correct mistakes and
improve self-analysis ability.

2. Students and teachers can insert and use diagrams, table, chart, and smart art etc. visual explanation tools.
They can use it to teach, define, and explain complex lessons in simple methods. That’s ok. But how it is
benefiting them. Chart, table, smart art and shapes and various other visual objects can benefit students to
understand more about the topic practically.

INTRODUCTION TO MICROSOFT WORD EDITING TOOLS:

The Microsoft word editing tools are defined as the editing toolbar, in which the content can be added or edited
by using the toolbar, and it allows to access the toolbar that adds the functionality of it in their content, it
provides access to the commonly used functionalities in word processing application and powerful
documentation software, where making changes like editing, formatting, inserting or deleting text, copying or
moving text, replacing text, resizing the window, linking with other web pages, creating a new document, etc,
operations can performed and by moving the mouse over icons it will show a description about its functionality.

TOOLS FOR MICROSOFT WORD EDITING:

Microsoft word provides commonly used functionalities that are given below:

1. Format text

The Formatted text has commands to perform formatting tasks which are found on the home tab in the font
group. When we want to format the text then first we have to select the text which we want to format, if want
to format a single word then double click on it, we can also select a line of text, and then select an option to
change the font, font size and we can make the text bold or italic or underline. In formatting text, head style, can
make words bold text or italic text, also can underline the text, highlight the text, can make an unordered list
and ordered list, we can change alignment as left or right or at the center.

2. Insert hyperlink (link)

The hyperlink in a document has a different color than other texts and it is underlined. A hyperlink in a
document helps the reader to jump from one place in the document to a different file or website or go to the
new emails.

39
We can add or delete hyperlinks in the word document. If we want to add a link in the document, first we have
to select text or image which want to link, then right-click on the selected text or image choose the ‘Hyperlink’
option, link or hyperlink is depend on the version, after that, we have to select the type of destination which we
want to link, it has some information that has to fill correctly, choose an option ‘Existing file or Web page’, go to
the ‘Address’ text box then enter URL, then choose ‘Place in this document and select a location within the
document, so now click on ‘Create new document’ go to the text box ‘Name of the document’ and enter the
name, there is an edit section in which we can choose whether we want to edit the document now or later.

Then choose ‘Email address’ and click on the text box of ‘Email address’ then we can enter the email address to
which the reader can send an email. There is also a ‘Type of subject’ option we can subject type and then click
on ‘Ok’. The text now shows up as a hyperlink in the document.

3. Edit and Remove links

For editing the link first select the link which we want to edit and then select the Insert/edit link option, update
the web address and then click on the ‘Create link’. We can remove or delete the existing hyperlink, for deleting
the hyperlink right-click on it and click on the ‘Remove hyperlink’.

4. Copy and paste from word

The copy and paste function from the word we can use to remove the hidden Microsoft characters which may
affect how our document will appear. To select and copy the word content, click on the ‘Paste’ special function
button, select or tick on the bullet ‘Paste from Microsoft word’ then paste our word text in the text box and then
click on ‘Complete paste’.

5. Add a table

A table is a combination of rows and columns and the intersection of rows and columns is called a cell. To create
or insert a table in the document click on the ‘Insert’ tab which is on the ribbon then click on ‘Table’, the insert
table window will be opened, we have to select the size of the table in columns and rows, and then click on ‘Ok’.
When the table is created the ‘Tab’ key can be used to move from one cell to the other, by pressing the tab key
new row is created, if we want to move one cell back in the table then we can ‘Shift+Tab’ keys, the arrow keys
allow we to go up, down, left, right.

6. Edit a table

Microsoft word editing tools allow us to edit a table, if we want to edit a table then first we have to select a cell
in which we want to edit then click on the table icon it will give some options out of them select ‘Edit table’ so
that we can change the general setting of the table. While editing if we want to add a new row then click on the
insert below or insert above, for adding the column click on the insert left or insert the right column button. We
can also delete columns or rows from the table.

7. Html editor

We can also edit our text by using Html editor, this function is also provided by Microsoft word editing tools. To
get the Html view and to edit text, click on the ‘File’ tab then click on ‘Open’, then we can browse the web page
file, double click on the file name, our web file opens as a plain text file which has Html code.

40
8. Resize the edit window

We can also resize the edit window, it has resized button. By clicking on the resize button we will get the full-
screen view of the edit window, to return its normal view, click on the same button.

TASK 2:To create project certificate, Features to be covered:-Formatting Fonts in word, Drop Cap in word,
Applying Text effects, Using Character Spacing, Borders and Colors, Inserting Header and Footer, Using Date and
Time option in both LaTeX and Word.

Header and Footer:

1. To create a header, enter text or graphics in the header area or click button on the header and footer
toolbar.
2. To create footer , clicks witch between header and footer.
3. Then click exit.

Date and Time:

Insert a date field that automatically updates so that the current date is displayed when you open or print the
file.

1. Insert a time field that automatically updates so that the current time is displayed when you open or
print the file.

Border:

1. On the format menu ,click borders and shadings.

2. Tospecifythattheborderappearsonaparticularsideofapage,suchasonlyat the top , click custom under
setting.
3. To specify particular page or section for the borders to appear ,click the option you want to apply.
4. To specify the exact position of the border on the page. Finally ,click OK.

Color:

1. Select the text you want to make a different color.

2. To apply the color most recently applied to text, click font color.
3. To apply different colors ,click the arrow on the right of the font color button , select the color you want
and then click the button.

First click start button on the status bar. Then select program and again select Microsoft word. On the menu bar
click the file option. Then again click new. Then enter the text not less than 100 words. A header appears at the
top andthefooterappearsatthebottomofeachpage.On the viewmenu,clickheaderand footer option. From
dialogue box, make the required changes and then click OK. On the format menu, click borders and shading s
make required changes and the click OK. Select the text you wanted make the different color. Click on right of
the font color button, and then select the color you want and then click on the button.

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TASK3: Creating project abstract Features to be covered :- Formatting Styles, Inserting table, Bullets and
Numbering, Changing Text Direction, Cell alignment, Footnote, Hyperlink, Symbols, Spell Check, Track Changes.

Table:

A table consists of rows and columns.

Cell Alignment:

Aligns contents written in a table in the top left corner or top right corner or in the center etc...

Foot Note:

Foot notes are used to comments on, or provide references for text in a document.

Hyperlink:

It is a colored and underlined text or a graphic that you click to go to a file, a location in a file, an HTML page on
the World Wide Web, or an HTML page in an intranet.

Symbols:

You may not be able to enter certain symbols into your word document ,as there is a limitation on the keys on
the key board. Creating these new symbols especially when working with mathematical terms it becomes very
difficult .For example we can insert symbols such as ≡,≈,,..

Spell check:

It automatically checks for spelling and grammatical errors

Bullets and Numbering:

In Microsoft word we can easily create bulleted or numbered list of items.

Formatting Styles:

1. A style is as of rules to be followed for the effective document.

2. Style can be applied to text, paragraph, table or a list.

Changing text direction:

You can change the text orientation in drawing objects, such as text boxes, shapes, and callouts, or in table cells
so that the text is displayed vertically or horizontally.

Track changes:

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A track change is an excellent feature of Microsoft word as it enables auser or reviewer to keep track of the
changes that have taken a period. Changes like insertion, deletion or formatting changes can be kept track of.

Changing Text direction:

1.Click the drawing object or table cell that contains the text you want to change.

2.On the Format menu , click Text Direction.

3.Click the orientation you want.

Table:

1. Click where you want to create a table.

2. On the Table menu, point to Insert, and then click Table.
3. Under Table size, select the number of column sand rows.
4. Under AutoFit behavior, choose options to adjustable size.
5. To use a built- in table format, click Auto Format.

Select the options you want

Cell Alignment:

1. Click the cell that contains text you want to align.

2. On the Tables and Borders toolbar, select the option for the horizontal and vertical alignment you want
— for example, Align Bottom Center or Align Top Right.

Foot Note:

1. In print a you view, click where you want to insert the note refer once mark.
2. On the Insert menu, point to Reference, and then click Footnote.
3. Click Foot not or Endnotes.

By default, Word places footnotes at the end of each page and endnotes at the end of the document. You can
change the placement of footnotes and end notes by making as election in the Foot notes or Endnotes box.

1. In the Number format box , click the format you want.

1. Click Insert.

Word inserts the note number and places the insertion point next to the note number.

1. Type the note text.

1. Scroll to your place in the document and continue typing.

As you insert additional foot notes or end notes in the document ,Word automatically applies the correct
number format.

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Hyperlink:

Select the text or picture you want to display as the hyperlink, and then click Insert Hyper link on the Standard
toolbar

Do one of the following:

1. Link to an existing file or webpage:

1. Under Link to, click Existing File or Web Page.

2. In the Address box, type the address you want to link to or, in the Look inbox, click the down arrow, and
navigate to and select the file

1. Link to a file you haven’t created yet

Under Link to, click Create New Document.

In the Name of new document box, type the name of the new file.

Under when to edit, click either edit the new document later or edit the new document now

An e-mail address:

1. Select the text or picture you want to display as the hyperlink, and then click Insert Hyperlink on the
Standard toolbar
2. Under Link to, click E-mail Address.
3. Either type the e-mail address you want in the E-mail address box, or select an e-mail address in the
recently used e-mail addresses box.
4. In the Subject box, type the subject of the e-mail message A specific location in another document

1. Insert a book mark in the destination file or Webpage.

2. Open the file that you want to link from, and select the text or object you want to display as the
hyperlink.
3. On the Standard tool bar, click Insert Hyperlink .
4. Under Link to, click Existing File or Web Page.
5. In the Look inbox, click the down arrow, and navigate to and select the file that you want to link to.
6. Click Book mark, select the book mark you want, and then click OK.

Symbol:

1. Click where you want to insert the symbol.

2. On the Insert menu, click Symbol, and then click the Symbol stab.
3. In the Font box, click the font that you want.
4. Double-click the symbol that you want to insert.
5. Click Close

Spell check:

44
1. On the Standard toolbar, click Spelling and Grammar .
2. When Word finds a possible spelling or grammatical problem, make your changes in the Spelling and
Grammar dialog box.

Bullets and Numbering:

1. Type1.tostartanumberedlistor*(asterisk) to start a bulleted list, and then press SPACE BAR or TAB.
2. Type any text you want.
3. Press ENTER to add then exit list item.

Word automatically inserts then exit number or bullet.

1. To finish the list, press ENTER twice, or press BACKSPACE to delete the last bullet or number in the list

Formatting Styles:

1. Select the words, paragraph, list, or table you want to change.

2. If the Styles and Formatting task pane is not open, click Styles and Formatting on the Formatting toolbar
3. Click the style you want in the Styles and Formatting task pane. If the style you want is not listed, click All
Styles in the Show box

Track Changes:

1. Open the document you want to revise.

2. On the Tools menu, click Track Changes

Task4: Creating a Newsletter in Microsoft Word-Creating a newsletter involves combining various design
elements and text formatting features to produce a professional-looking document. In this task, students will
learn how to design a newsletter with essential components like a Table of Contents, newspaper columns,
images, clipart, drawing tools, WordArt, text boxes, and properly formatted paragraphs.

1. Table of Contents

A Table of Contents (TOC) is a crucial part of a newsletter, as it provides an organized overview of the sections
and helps readers navigate the document.

Steps to Create a Table of Contents:

45
1. Apply Heading Styles:
1. Before you insert a TOC, you need to use Heading Styles for the different sections of your
newsletter.
2. Select the title of a section (e.g., "Latest News", "Upcoming Events") and apply a Heading 1 or
Heading 2 style from the Home tab.
3. For subsections, use Heading 2 or Heading 3.
2. Insert Table of Contents:
1. Click where you want the Table of Contents (usually at the beginning of the newsletter).
2. Go to the References tab on the Ribbon.
3. Click on Table of Contents, and choose an automatic style. Word will generate the TOC based on
the heading styles used throughout the document.
3. Update the TOC:
1. As you edit or add content, you can easily update the TOC by right-clicking it and selecting Update
Field.

2. Newspaper Columns

Columns are commonly used in newsletters to organize content in a readable way, resembling the format of a
newspaper.

Steps to Create Columns:

1. Highlight the text or content you want to organize into columns.

2. Go to the Layout tab on the Ribbon.
3. In the Page Setup group, click Columns and choose the number of columns (typically 2 or 3).
4. Adjust the spacing, width, and other column settings as needed.

3. Inserting Images from Files and Clipart

Visual elements like images, clipart, and other graphics make newsletters more engaging. Here's how you can
insert and format them:

Inserting Images from Files:

1. Click where you want to insert an image.

2. Go to the Insert tab on the Ribbon.
3. Click Pictures and select This Device (if you want to insert an image from your computer).
4. Choose the image file you want to insert and click Insert.

Inserting Clipart:

1. Click where you want to insert clipart.

2. Go to the Insert tab and click Icons or Online Pictures.
3. Search for relevant clipart images, select one, and click Insert.

46
4. Using the Drawing Toolbar and WordArt

You can add custom graphics or stylized text using the Drawing Toolbar and WordArt.

Drawing Toolbar:

1. Go to the Insert tab.

2. Click Shapes to access the drawing tools.
3. You can draw freeform shapes like lines, rectangles, circles, arrows, or more complex shapes. Once you
insert a shape, you can format it with color, borders, and other options.

Inserting WordArt:

1. Go to the Insert tab.

2. Click on WordArt in the Text group.
3. Choose a WordArt style from the available options.
4. Type your text, and use the formatting options to change font, size, color, and effects.
5. WordArt allows you to create decorative text for titles, section headers, or special highlights in your
newsletter.

5. Formatting Images

Images should be properly formatted to ensure they fit well within the design of your newsletter. You can resize,
align, and adjust the wrapping style of images.

Steps to Format Images:

1. Click on the image you want to format.

2. Go to the Picture Format tab that appears when the image is selected.
3. Resize: Drag the corner handles to resize the image while maintaining the aspect ratio, or manually set
the height and width in the Size group.
4. Wrap Text: Click on Wrap Text in the Arrange group. Choose options like Square, Tight, or Behind Text to
control how the text flows around the image.
5. Adjust the Image: You can change the image’s brightness, contrast, and apply artistic effects from the
Picture Styles group.

6. Inserting and Formatting Text Boxes

Text boxes are useful for adding standalone text blocks to your newsletter that can be positioned anywhere on
the page.

Steps to Insert a Text Box:

1. Go to the Insert tab.

47
2. Click Text Box and choose a pre-designed box or draw your own.
3. Once inserted, you can type your text into the text box.

Formatting the Text Box:

1. Click on the text box to select it.

2. Use the Text Box Tools and Format tab to customize the box’s fill color, outline, and shadow effects.
3. You can also adjust the size and position of the text box by dragging it or using the layout options in the
Position group.

7. Formatting Paragraphs in Word

Proper paragraph formatting is key to making your newsletter readable. You can adjust alignment, line spacing,
and indentation to improve the layout of your content.

Steps to Format Paragraphs:

1. Aligning Text: Use the Paragraph group on the Home tab to align text to the left, center, right, or justify
it.
2. Line Spacing: In the Paragraph group, click Line and Paragraph Spacing. You can choose line spacing
options like 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 for better readability.
3. Indents and Spacing: Use the Increase Indent and Decrease Indent buttons to adjust the start of the
paragraphs. You can also set specific indent values by clicking the Paragraph Settings dialog box.
4. Bullets and Numbering: You can add bullets or numbered lists to organize information neatly by selecting
the relevant option in the Paragraph group.
5. Borders and Shading: Add borders around paragraphs or shading behind text to highlight specific
sections. This can be done from the Borders button in the Paragraph group.

48
EXCEL
Excel Orientation: The mentor needs to tell the importance of MS office or equivalent (FOSS) tool Excel as a
Spreadsheet tool, give the details of the four tasks and features that would be covered in each. Using Excel –
Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving excel files, Using help and resources.

Task 1: Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered: Gridlines, Format Cells, Summation,auto fill, Formatting
Text

AIM: To maintain a shift schedule with specifications

Software Requirement: MS-EXCEL

Hardware Requirement: Personal computer

THEORY:

Gridlines:

1. Click the worksheet.

2. On the file menu, click page setup and the click the sheet tab.
3. Click gridlines.
4. Select the sheets on which you want to change the gridlines color.
5. On the Tools menu click options click the color you want in the color box.
6. To use the default gridlines color click automatic.
7. Lines you can add to a chart that make it easier to view and evaluate data. Gridlines extend from the
tick marks on an axis across a plot area.

Format Cell:

1. Change the font and font size.

2. Change the text color.
49
3. Make selected text or numbers bold, italic or underlined.
4. Create a new style.

Auto fit:

1. Combine cells horizontally or vertically to make one large cell.

2. Add borders to cells.
3. Shade cells with colors.

1. Change the column width and row height

1. Change the font, font size or colors of text.

1. Align text vertically at the top, center and bottom of cell.

Formatting the text:

1. Select the text you want to format.

2. On the format menu click cells and then click number tab.
3. In the catalog box click text.
4. Enter the numbers in the formatted cells.
5. Click ok.
6. Then press enter and re enter the data.

PROCEDURE:

First click start button of the screen on status bar. Click on programs and then Microsoft excel. To get a new
blank work sheet go to programs and then click on excel sheet. On the file menu click page setup and then
click sheet tab click gridlines. In this way do the required changes using format cell, make the required
changes using formatting text also make the required changes. Enter the data in the data in the worksheet
consisting of week name person name andtimings7 a.m.to3 p.m. Make all the above changes to the text.

Task 2: Calculating GPA -. Features to be covered:- Cell Referencing, Formulae in excel –average, std. deviation,
Charts, Renaming and Inserting worksheets, Hyper linking, Count function,

1. On the chart menu click char type

2. Text direction.

Click the arrow down next to the text direction button. For right to left click right to left. For left to right reading
order, click left to right.

50
For reading order that is consistent with the language of the first entered character, click context. For reading
order that is inconsistent with the language of the first entered character, click control.

1. In the tools menu click options and then click chart tab.

1. To show all worksheet data in the chart even if some rows and columns are hidden, clear the plot visible
cells by check box.

1. To prevent hidden rows and columns from displaying in the chart, select the plot cells only checkbox.

Hyper Linking:

1. Create a worksheet: On the file menu, click new, and then click blank work book WEEK pane.
2. Insert a worksheet: Click worksheet on the insert menu. Right click on sheet tab and then click insert
double click the template for the type of sheet you want.
3. Hyperlink: Using hyperlink we can insert one more sheet in the present sheet
4. Count function: Create a blank worksheet press control + c. In the worksheet select cell A and press
control +c. On the tools menu point to formula auditing and then click formula auditing menu.

Worksheet:

1.In the file menu go to menu then a new worksheet is created.

2.To add a single worksheet, click worksheet on the Insert menu. To add multiple worksheets hold down shift
and then click the number of worksheet WEEKs to add in an open work book

Sort:

1. Click a cell in the list you want to sort.

2. On the Data menu click sort.
3. Under first key sort click the custom sort order you want and then click ok.
4. Click any other sorting option you want.

PROCEDURE:

Formulae in Excel:

First click on start button at the bottom of the screen on status bar. Click on programs and the non
Microsoft excel. Then open a new document. Give the main heading and subheading by changing the size so that
they look in block letters. Enter the data. To calculate go to Insert menu in the menu bar and then click on
function and then ok. Then select the data to which you want to calculate mean. Then you get the required
answer. In same way, sample means standard deviation lower count limit and upper count limit. Go to insert
menu and click on function and select the required operation to be done and select the data and calculate.
Formulas for all the above are given below.

51
Mean = (s1 + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5)/5; Samplemean=avg (mean)

Standard deviation=(mean, sample, mean)

Sample standard deviation=avg(Standard deviation)

Lower count limit=sample mean–sample standard deviation. Upper count limit=Sample mean+ Sample Standard
deviation

Hyper linking:

First click on start button of the screen on status bar. Click on programs and then Ms-excel. To get a new
blank worksheet go to programs and then click on excel sheet. Rename the first sheet
asstudentbyrightclickingonsheet1andrenaming.Inserthyperlinkinsertandclickonhyperlink.Thengo to sheet 2 and
rename as CSE type in particulars of ECE right click on sheet 3. Then go to sheet -4rename as IT. In this type all
the four sheets are created.

WORKSHEET

First click on start button at the bottom of the screen on status bar.

Click on programs and then Ms-excel. Then enter the data as given. Enter the student‘s names,
Subjective wise marks, total and avg. Then calculate the total and avg by using formula. Then go to Data menu
and click sort. Under first key sort, click custom sort order needed i.e. ascending order or alphabetical order and
then click ok. Then the required work sheet is prepared.

Count Function

Some of the content in this topic may not be applicable to some languages.

1. To count words in selected text only , select the text you want.

Ifyoudon'tselectanytext,MicrosoftWordcountsthewordsinthewholedocument.

1. On the Tools menu, click Word Count.

Word displays counts forwards ,paragraphs,lines,andcharacters.

52
1. To add or remove footnotes and endnotes from the count, select or clear they Include foot notes and
end notes checkbox.

VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP Functions

This document explains the functions of VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP and how to use them in a spread sheet.
It can be used in all versions of Microsoft Excel.

VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP are functions in Excel that allow you to search a table of data and based on
what the user has supplied and give appropriate information from that table.

If you have a table of Student ID numbers, Student Names and Grades, you can set up Excel so that if a Student
ID number is supplied by the user, it will look through the table and output the student's name and grade.

A B C

VLOOKUP

StudentIDNumb 1234 User

er supplied

StudentName JohnSmi From table

th

SemesterGrade A/B From table

53
VLOOKUP allows you to search a table that is set up vertically. That is, all of the data is set up in columns and
each column is responsible for one kind of data. In the Student Record example, there would be a separate
column of data for Student Names, one for Student ID numbers ,etc.

HLOOKUP is the exact same function ,but looks up data that has been formatted by

Rows instead of columns.

Student ID Number Student 123 1689 2495 369 9228

Name 4 7

Semester Grade Joh Jane Michell Jac Rod

n Jones e k
Arnes
Smi Schrein Lep on
th er ak

A/B B/C B A B

The format of the VLOOK UP function is:

VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,range_lookup)

The lookup _value is the user input. This is the value that the function uses to search on. If you are searching a
table by the Student ID number, then the lookup _value is the cell that contains the inputted Student ID number
being looked up.

The table _array is the area of cells in which the table is located. This includes not only the column being
searched on, but the data columns for which you are going to get the values that you need. Back to the example,
the table array would not only include the Student ID number column, but the columns for the Student Names
and Grades as well.

The col _index _num is the column of data that contains the answer that you want. If your table is set up as:
column 1 - Student ID Number, column 2 - Student Names, column 3 -Grades and you inputted a Student ID
Number and you want to retrieve the grade that was received for that person,thecol_index

_num would be 3. 3 is the column number of the data column for the ANSWER that you are trying to lookup.

54
Range _lookup is a TRUE or FALSE value. When set to TRUE, the lookup function gives the closest match to the
lookup _value without going over the lookup _value. When set to FALSE, an exact match must be found to the
lookup _value or the function wills return/A. Note, this requires that the column containing the lookup

_value be formatted in ascending order.

To use the Function Wizard to insert a VLOOKUP function:

1. Select the cell that will contain the answer to the VLOOKUP and select

Insert->Function...

1. Under the Function Category, choose either All or Lookup & Reference.

1. Under the Function Name , select VLOOKUP, and hit O

1. The Function Wizard for VLOOKUP will then display. The 4values talked about above
(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,required.Ifyouputthecursorintothefirstlineforlookup value,
down be low it explains what the lookup _value is for your reference. Similar information is displayed
when the cursor is in any of the other fields.

1. Enter in the lookup _value either by typing in the number for the cell, or, by selecting the cell on the
worksheet.

1. Enter in the table_array by typing in the numbers for the cells, or, by selecting the group of cells on the
worksheet.
55
1. Enter in the number for column which contains the data that you wish to obtain in the col

_index_Numara.

1. Enter into the range _lookup field the value TRUE if the function should accept the closest value to your
lookup _value without going over or FALSE if an exact match is required.

1. Hit OK when ready.

56
LOOKUP/VLOOKUP
Task 3: Split cells, freeze panes, group and outline, Sorting, Boolean and logical operators, Conditional
formatting

Split cells, freeze panes, group and outline, Sorting, Boolean and logical operators, Conditional formatting

(i)Split cells

In the table, click the cell that you want to split.

On the ribbon, select the Layout tab.

Select Split Cells.

In the Split Cells dialog, select the number of columns and rows that you want and then click OK.

Manually move or add content to the newly created empty cell or cells.

(ii)Freeze columns and rows

57
Select the cell below the rows and to the right of the columns you want to keep visible when you scroll.

Select View > Freeze Panes > Freeze Panes.

(iii)Group and outline

1. To display rows for a level, click the appropriate outline symbols.

2. Level 1 contains the total sales for all detail rows.

3. Level 2 contains total sales for each month in each region.

4. Level 3 contains detail rows — in this case, rows 17 through 20.

5. To expand or collapse data in your outline, click the and outline symbols, or press ALT+SHIFT+= to
expand and ALT+SHIFT+- to collapse.

(iv)Sorting:

When sorting information in a worksheet, you can rearrange the data to find values quickly. You can sort a range
or table of data on one or more columns of data. For example, you can sort employees —first by department,
and then by last name.

How to sort in Excel?

Select the data to sort

Select a range of tabular data, such as A1:L5 (multiple rows and columns) or C1:C80 (a single column). The range
can include the first row of headings that identify each column.

58
Sort quickly and easily

1. Select a single cell in the column you want to sort.

2. On the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click to perform an ascending sort (from A to Z, or
smallest number to largest).

Click to perform a descending sort (from Z to A, or largest number to smallest).

Sort by specifying criteria

Use this technique to choose the column you want to sort, together with other criteria such as font or cell
colors.

1. Select a single cell anywhere in the range that you want to sort.
2. On the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Sort to display the Sort popup window.

1. In the Sort by dropdown list, select the first column on which you want to sort.

1. In the Sort On list, choose Values, Cell Color, Font Color, or Cell Icon.

In the Order list, choose the order that you want to apply to the sort operation—alphabetically or
numerically, ascending or descending (that is, from A to Z (or Z to A) for text, or lower to higher, or higher
to lower for numbers).

59
POWER POINT
Task 1: Students will be working on basic power point utilities and tools which help them create basic power
point presentations. PPT Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text, WordArt, Formatting Text, Bullets and
Numbering, Auto Shapes, Lines and Arrows in PowerPoint.

60
AIM:

To maintain a Power Point presentation with some specifications

THEORY:

SLIDELAYOUT:

1. On the format menu, click slide layout.

2. On the slides tab in normal view, select the slides; you want to apply.

3. In the slide layout task pane, point to layout you and then click it.

4. A new slide can also be inserted within the task pane. Point the layout you want the slide
to have, click the arrow and then click the insert new slide.

INSERTTEXT:

1. Text can be added to layout.

2. Align text in the top, middle or bottom of a cell.

3. Align text on the right or left, or in the center of a cell.

4. Change cell margins.

5. Insert a tab in a table.

6. To make the symbol command available, in normal view, place the insertion point on the
outbox tabor in a text place holders on the slide.

7. On the insert menu, click symbol.

8. To change fonts, click a name in the font box.

FORMATTINGTEXT:

1. Select the text you want to format as super script or subscript.

2. On the format menu, click font.

3. To show or hide text formatting ,on the standard tool bar, click show formatting.

61
BULLETSANDNUMBERINGS:

1. Select the lines of text that you want to add bullets or numbering to.

2. Click bullets or numbering.

AUTOSHAPES:

1. Select the auto shape that has the text you want to position.

2. Double-click the selection rectangle of the auto shape or text box and then click the
textbox tab in the format dialog box.

3. In the text anchor point box, click the position you want the text to start in.

LINESANDARROWS:

1. In Microsoft power point, double click the chart.

2. Double click the chart item you want to change.

3. On the pattern stab, do one or both of the following.

4. To change the colors, patterns or lines, select the options you want.

5. To specify a fill effect, click fill effect and then select the options you want on the
gradient, text patterns or picture tabs.

To return to the slide, click outside the about.

62
PROCEDURE:

First click on start button at the button of the screen on status bar. Click on programs and then
Microsoft PowerPoint. Go to file and new. Then you find different pattern of slides on right side of
your screen. Then select which is completely empty. Then enter the contents in the first slide as per
given information, name in the second slide, Address in the third slide, Hobbies in the fourth slide and
friends in the fifth slide. Except first slide, all the second, third, fourth, fifth slides should be inserted.
When you select pattern of slide from a new slide, on slide which you selected you will find an arrow
toward sits right side, click that arrow and then again click insert slide. Then save it. Then adjust the
layout. Then format the text then give bullets or numbering to the text if required. Go to auto shapes.
Select more auto shapes and insert wherever required. Then again go to insert option and select new
slides. And select chart and a chart with data sheet appear. Give the name, roll no, marks in three
subjects and calculate the total. Then save the file.

TEST DATA: No Test data for this Experiment

ERROR: No Errors for this Experiment

RESULT: A PowerPoint Presentation is created by applying the above mentioned

techniques

1
Task 2: Interactive presentations - Hyperlinks, Inserting –Images, Clip Art, Audio, Video, Objects,
Tables and Charts.

AIM:

To maintain a PowerPoint presentation using some specifications

THEORY:

HYPERLINK:

1. Select the text or object that you want to represent the hyperlink.

2. Click insert hyperlink.

3. Under link to, click place in this document.

INSERT IMAGES:

1. Click where you want to insert the picture.

2. On the drawing toolbar, click insert picture.

3. Locate the folder that contains the picture that you want to insert, and
then click the picture file.

CLIPART:

1. On the insert menu, point to structure and then click clipart.

2. In the clipart task pane, in the search for box, type a word or phrase
that describes the clip, you want to type in all or some of the file menus
of the clip.

3. In the results box, click the clip to insert it.

AUDIO VIDEO OBJECTS:

2
 1. On the slide show menu, click setup show. Under performance check
box. If your computer has their capability, office PowerPoint will
attempt to use it.

2. Animation performance will be much better with a video card that has
Microsoft direct3D.

CHART:

1. Click the slide where you want to place the embedded object.

2. On the insert menu, click chart.

3. Click a cell on the datasheet and then type the information you want

To return to the slide, click outside the chart

PROCEDURE:

First click on start button at the bottom of the screen on status bar. Click on programs and then Microsoft
power point goes to file menu. Then you find different pattern of slides on right side of your screen. Then select which
is completely empty. Then enter the name of your college in bold letters. Address of your college in bold letters in the
second slide. List of all the available courses in the third slide, extra co-curricular activities in the fourth slide except
first slide, all the second, third, fourth slide should be inserted. When you select pattern of slide from a new slide, on
slide which you selected, you will find an arrow towards it right side click that arrow and then again click insert slide.
Then save it the select the slide show and then select the view show option. Then review the presentation in slides how
by selecting next and after completing the slide show then click end show. Click on start button at the button of the
screen on status bar, click on programs and then Microsoft PowerPoint. Go to file menu. On insert menu and select
table option and give no. of rows and no. of columns and give the name, Roll no and marks in three subjects and find
the total

TESTDATA: No Test data for this Experiment

ERROR: No Errors for this Experiment

RESULT: A PowerPoint Presentation is created by applying the above mentioned

3
techniques

Task 3: Master Layouts (slide, template, and notes), Types of views (basic, presentation, slides
otter, notes etc), and Inserting – Background, textures, Design Templates, Hidden slides.

POWERPOINT MASTER LAYOUT:

How to Edit the Slide Master in PowerPoint

Using the slide master is the fastest and easiest way to globally set up the appearance of all the slides
in a presentation.

The slide master controls all aspects of a slide’s appearance, including its background color, font style,
and any recurring text or pictures. Any changes you make to the slide master automatically affect all
the slides in the presentation; for example, changing the background color of the slide master changes
the background for every single one of your slides.

VIEW CURRENT LAYOUTS:

Slide layouts are sets of premade placeholders that coordinate with your chosen theme. The layouts
available are determined by the theme you're using, but you can create and edit them using Slide
Master view.

The layouts seen in this menu are the default presets available in PowerPoint. These are determined by
the theme you're using. If these layouts don’t work for you, you can modify them or create your own.

Click outside the menu to close it.

4
OPEN SLIDE MASTER VIEW:

5
A new tab appears on the ribbon. Instead of your presentation, you now see the slide layouts that are
built into the theme. Modifications made to the slide master (the large slide at the top of the list) will
be applied to all of the slide layouts within the master that use that element. The smaller slides
beneath the slide master represent the individual slide layouts for the theme. Modifying a slide layout
in Slide Master view affects only the slides in your presentation using that layout.

Hover over the slide master or any slide layout to see which slides in the presentation are using the
layout.

Select a slide master or layout

6
 A Slide Master tab: Contains the commands used to alter the slide master and layouts.

Slide Master: Controls all of the slide layouts below it. Changes you make to the placeholders
B
or formatting on the slide master will be changed in the other layouts as well.

Slide layouts: Changes made to layout slides will affect any presentation slides created from
C
that layout. Slide layouts are dependent on the theme chosen.

Placeholders: Allow you to add, remove, or edit placeholders or make formatting changes just
D
like you would in Normal view.

E Close Master View: Closes Slide Master view.

UNDERSTAND SLIDE MASTER VIEW:

7
Edit a Slide Master

Select a slide master or layout.

Update the master or layout with the changes you want applied to all slides in the presentation
that use that layout.

You can edit a slide in the Master view just like you would any other slide in the presentation,
including formatting text or objects, changing alignment, adjusting placeholders, or adding
additional items to the slide.

8
CLOSE SLIDE MASTER VIEW:

9
10
AI TOOLS – Chat GPT
AI tools are software or applications that use artificial intelligence techniques to perform
specific tasks or solve problems in ways that typically require human intelligence. These tools
are designed to automate processes, analyze data, generate insights, and even interact with
users. Some common types of AI tools include:

1. Natural Language Processing (NLP) Tools: These tools understand, interpret, and
generate human language. Examples include chatbots, language translation tools, and
sentiment analysis systems (e.g., GPT models, Google Translate).
2. Machine Learning Tools: These allow systems to learn from data and improve their
performance over time without being explicitly programmed. Examples include
TensorFlow, Scikit-learn, and PyTorch, which are used for building and training models.
3. Computer Vision Tools: These enable computers to understand and interpret visual
data. Applications include image recognition, facial recognition, and self-driving car
technology. Examples are OpenCV and Amazon Rekognition.
4. Data Analytics Tools: AI-driven analytics platforms help users process and analyze large
sets of data to extract useful insights. Examples include IBM Watson Analytics and
Google Analytics.
5. Automation Tools: These tools use AI to automate repetitive tasks, such as customer
service or content generation. Tools like Zapier and UiPath use AI to automate
workflows across applications.
6. Recommendation Systems: These are tools that suggest products, services, or content
to users based on their preferences and behaviors. Common examples are the
recommendation engines used by Netflix, Amazon, or Spotify.
7. AI for Design and Creativity: Tools that assist in design, music composition, and other
creative tasks using AI. Examples include DALL·E for image generation and Amper Music
for AI-generated music.
8. Speech Recognition Tools: These AI tools convert spoken language into text and are
used in virtual assistants (like Siri or Alexa), transcription services, and voice commands.

AI tools are used across many industries, from healthcare and finance to entertainment and
education, enabling businesses and individuals to work more efficiently, make better decisions,
and offer personalized experiences.

CHAT GPT:

ChatGPT is an AI tool developed by OpenAI that uses natural language processing (NLP) to
generate human-like text responses based on the input it receives. It can answer questions,
have conversations, assist with writing tasks, and help users with a variety of tasks like
summarizing text, translating languages, generating ideas, and more.The model is based on GPT
(Generative Pretrained Transformer) architecture, which is a type of machine learning model

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trained on a vast amount of text data. ChatGPT is specifically fine-tuned to engage in coherent,
context-aware dialogues, making it an excellent tool for interacting with users in real-time.

Task 1: Prompt Engineering: Experiment with different types of prompts to see how the model
responds. Try asking questions, starting conversations, or even providing incomplete sentences
to see how the model completes them.

Ex: Prompt: "You are a knowledgeable AI. Please answer the following question: What is the
capital of France?"

Response: The capital of France is Paris.

Task 2: Creative Writing: Use the model as a writing assistant. Provide the beginning of a story
or a description of a scene, and let the model generate the rest of the content. This can be a fun
way to brainstorm creative ideas

1. Prompt: “Can you help me write a short bedtime story with a setting and genre of my
choosing?"

Here’s a bedtime story set in the era of old Indian kings, involving an epic battle and a
heroic character. Let me know if you’d like any adjustments!

King Veerendra's Golden Choice:

Long ago, in the kingdom of Surajgarh, King Veerendra was known for his wisdom and courage.
One day, a messenger brought dire news: the mighty King Aghosh of Kaalsagar was marching to
conquer their land. At sunrise, the two armies met on the plains of Dharmavan. Veerendra, clad
in golden armor, rode forth to offer peace. “Why must we fight? Let us coexist in harmony,” he
proposed.

But Aghosh refused, and the battle began. Veerendra fought valiantly, inspiring his
outnumbered soldiers. As the day wore on, Veerendra charged through the battlefield to
confront Aghosh. Their swords clashed until Veerendra disarmed his rival. “Strike me down!”
Aghosh demanded.Instead, Veerendra lowered his sword. “Peace is the greater victory. Let us
unite for the good of our people.”Humbled, Aghosh agreed. That day, the two kings signed a
truce beneath the sacred Banyan Tree, bringing peace to their lands. And so, King Veerendra
proved that a true hero seeks not just to win battles, but to win hearts.

Good night, and dream of wise choices and brave deeds!

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Task 3: Language Translation: Experiment with translation tasks by providing a sentence in one
language and asking the model to translate it into another language. Compare the output to
see how accurate and fluent the translations are.

1. Prompt: "Translate the following English sentence to French: 'Hello, how are you
doing today?'"

Response:Bonjour, comment ça va aujourd'hui ?

1. Prompt:”Translate the following English sentence into telugu:’ The Alchemist by Paulo
Coelho is a philosophical novel that follows the journey of a young shepherd named
Santiago. Driven by a recurring dream about a treasure hidden at the base of the
Egyptian pyramids, he sets out on an adventurous quest to find it. Along the way,
Santiago meets various characters, including a king, an Englishman studying alchemy,
and a wise alchemist, each offering valuable lessons about life, destiny, and personal
growth. The book explores themes of pursuing one's "Personal Legend"—a path that
leads to true happiness and fulfillment—and the importance of listening to one's heart.
Coelho’s narrative is simple yet profound, encouraging readers to believe in their
dreams, trust the process, and recognize the interconnectedness of the world. The
Alchemist is a timeless story about following one’s dreams and the transformative
power of self-discovery.

Response: పాలో కోహెలో యొక్క ది అల్‌కమీస్ట్ అనేది ఒక

తత్వశాస్త్రాత్మక నవల, ఇది ఒక యువ గొర్రెలవాడైన సంచాగో యొక్క
యాత్రను అనుసరిస్తుంది. ఈ నవల ఒక ఆభరణం ఈజిప్టు పిరమిడ్‌లలో ఉన్నట్టు
కలలో రెప్పించే దృష్టితో ప్రారంభమవుతుంది. ఆ ఆభరణాన్ని
కనుగొనడానికి సంచాగో ఒక సాహసిక అన్వేషణ ప్రారంభిస్తాడు. ఈ యాత్రలో,
సంచాగో రాజు, అంగ్లీయుడైన అల్‌కమీ బద్రత గురించిన పఠనంలో ఉన్న
వ్యక్తి, మరియు ఒక జ్ఞానవంతుడైన అల్‌కమీష్ట్ వంటి వివిధ పాత్రలను
కలుస్తాడు. ప్రతి ఒక్కరు జీవితం, విధి మరియు వ్యక్తిగత అభివృద్ధి
గురించి విలువైన పాఠాలను అందిస్తారు. ఈ పుస్తకం ఒకరి "పర్సనల్
లెజెండ్" అనేవి అనుసరించే థీమ్‌లను అన్వేషిస్తుంది - ఇది నిజమైన
ఆనందం మరియు నెమ్మదిగా సిద్ధాంతానికి దారి తీసే మార్గం మరియు మన
హృదయాన్ని వినాలనే ముఖ్యత. కోహెలో యొక్క కధనం సింపుల్ అయినప్పటికీ
లోతైనది, పాఠకులను వారి కలలను నమ్మాలని, ప్రక్రియను నమ్మాలని మరియు
ప్రపంచంలోని అనుబంధతను గుర్తించడాన్ని ప్రోత్సహిస్తుంది. ది
అల్‌కమీస్ట్ అనేది ఒక సమయహీన కథ, ఇది వ్యక్తిగత ఆత్మాన్వేషణ యొక్క

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మార్గాన్ని అనుసరించడం మరియు కలలను అనుసరించడం గురించి
శక్తివంతమైన దార్శనికతను పంచుతుంది.

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