THE COPPERBELT UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

TUTORIAL SHEET 8: MA110 - Mathematical Methods 2014

MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS

1. Given that A= (35 1 2

1 7 )
and B=
4 −1 2
3 1 3 (
evaluate )
a) 3 A b) 2 B c)3 A +2 B d) 3 A−2 B

2. Find, where possible, the following products. When it is not possible to form the product, state this
clearly and give the reason for your conclusion.

( )
3 2
a) ( 2 3 1) 4 7
1 6
b) (21 34)( 14 2 3
5 6 ) c)(13 24 )( 5 6) ( 24 35)(78)
d)

3. Evaluate the matrix products:

( )(
1 3
2

( )( ) )
1 2 3 2 1 0 2 4 8 −4
a) 4 5 6 3 −1 4 , b) 1 0 12
1 0
1 0 −1 1 0 7 4 4 0
3 1 0

( ) ( )
−5 10 8 −1 2 4
4. Verify that if M = 4 −7 −6 and N= 2 1 −2 ,then MN =NM =I , where I is the
−3 6 5 −3 0 5

( )( ) ( )
−5 10 8 x −3
3 ×3 unit matrix. Use this to solve the matrix equation 4 −7 −6 y = 3
−3 6 5 z 2
 ( )
3 0 0
5. The matrix A is 0 −1 2 . Show that A satisfies the matrix equation A3 =13 A−12 I .
0 3 −2
1
Assuming that A−1 exists, show that this equation can be written A = ( 13 I − A ) , and hence find
−1 2
12
−1
A

| |
x−3 1 −1
6. a) Solve the equation −7 x +5 −1 =0 .
−6 6 x−2

| |
x +3 5 6
b) Solve the equation −1 x−3 −1 =0
1 1 x+4

| | | | | | | |
2 −1 0 3 4 2 1 x y 1 0 0
7. Evaluate a) 3 2 0 b) 1 2 0 c) 0 1 z d) 0 cos ∝ −sin ∝
4 7 3 −2 3 5 0 0 1 0 sin ∝ cos ∝

8. Find, where possible, the inverses of the following matrices.

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 −1 2 2 1 7 1 p q 1 0 0
a) 1 2 3 b) 3 4 5 c) 0 1 r d) 0 cosx sinx
3 0 1 1 −2 9 0 0 1 0 sinx −cosx

( )
3
1 1
9.The matrix A is 1 0 −2 . Show that A is singular. Find a non-zero matrix B, such that
10 3 1

AB=BA=0

( )
1 0 0
10.Find the inverse A−1 of the matrix A= −1 1 0 .Find also B−1 and ( AB )−1 where
3 2 1

( ) ()( )
1 4 −2 x 1
B= 0 1 3 . Given that y = −2 , find x , y and z .
0 0 1 z 1

( )
3 1 −3
11. M is the matrix 1 2 a 1 .
0 2 a

a) Find two values of a for which M is singular.

 ()
1
−3

()
x 2
b) Solve the equation M y = 1 in the case a=2, and determine whether or not solutions
5
z 2
5

exist for each of the two values of a found in a)

12. Use Cramer’s method to solve the following systems of linear equation

a) x− y +2 z=1 b) 2 x+3 y −5 z =4

2 x+ y+ z =2 x +7 y−2 z=1

x−3 y + z=1 5 x−11 y +2 z =−2

( )
1 2
A= (
3 0
−1 5
, B= ) (
4 −2
0 2 3
1
5 6
)
, C= 3 4 , D= 0 −3
−2 1 ( )
13. Let .

Find

(a) A + 2D (b) 3D – 2A (c) AB (d) A3

(e) D + BC (f) BT B (g) B−C T

(h) BT CT −( CB )T (i) ( I 2−D )2

( )
1 2 −1
A= 2 2 4
14. (a) Find the matrix of cofactors of the matrix
1 3 −3

x+ y+3 z=5
2 x− y+4 z=11
15. (a) Given that − y+z=3
Express the system in the form AX = B where A is the matrix of coefficients hence
solve the system of equations.
 ( ) ()( )
1 −1 2 x − 52
A= −1 0 3 A y = 0
z 1
b) Find the inverse of the matrix
2 1 0 . Hence solve the equation 2
.

( )
3 −1 2
A= 1 1 1
c) (i) Find the inverse of the matrix
2 2 −1

(ii) Use your inverse to solve the system of linear equations

3 x− y+2 z=4
x+ y+z=2
2 x+2 y−z=3

d) Use inverse method to solve the following Equations

i) x +2 y+ 3 z=−2 ii) x +3 y−2 z=5 iii ) x−2 y + z=−3 iv) x +4 y−2 z=2
x +3 y+ 4 z=−3 x + 4 y−z=3−2 x+5 y +3 z=34−3 x−11 y + z=−2
x +4 y+ 3 z=−6−2 x−7 y +5 z=−12 3 x−5 y+ 7 z=14 2 x+7 y+3 z=−2

16. a) Find  for which the matrix λI − A is a singular matrix if where I is an identity Matrix

( )
1 0 2

(02 −13 )
A= 0 −1 −2
A=
(a) (b)
2 −2 0

( )
11 −2 8
19 −3 14
(c)
−8 2 −5

( )
3 2 4
A= 2 0 2
(b) (i) Find values of x such that the matrix xI − A is a singular matrix if
4 2 3
 ( )
1 0 0
I= 0 1 0
and
0 0 1 .

17. Use Crammer's Rule to solve the following

a) x−2 y + z=3 b) x−2 y + z=1 c)−2 x+ y−3 z=−4 d) – x − y+ 3 z =−2

3 x+ 2 y + z=−3 3 x+ y−z=2 x +5 y−4 z=13 −2 x+ y+ 7 z =14
2 x−3 y−3 z=−5 2 x−4 y+ 2 z=−1 7 x−2 y−z=37 3 x+ 4 y −5 z =12

[ ]
1 2 −3
18 . Let A= 3 1 4 . Find the following minors:
4 3 −2

a) det( M 13 ) b) det( M 23 ) c) det( M 31 ) d) det( M 32 )

[ ]
−1 2 3
19. Let A= −2 5 4 . Find the following cofactors :
0 1 −3

a) A13 b) A21 c) A32 d) A33

20. Compute the determinant of the following using cofactor ‘s method.

[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
3 0 4 1 3 5 5 −2 4 2 −4 3
a) 2 3 2 b) 2 1 1 c) 0 3 −5 d) 3 1 2
0 5 −1 3 4 2 2 −4 7 1 4 −1

21. Use the method below to find the determinant of the following

[ ]
a11 a12 a13 a 11 a12
a21 a22 a23 a21 a22
a31 a32 a33 a31 a32
 [ ]
3 0 4
a) 2 3 2
0 5 −1

[ ] [ ] [ ]
2 −4 3 1 5 0 0 5 1
b) 3 1 2 c) 2 4 −1 d) 4 −3 0
1 4 −1 0 −2 0 2 4 1