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8 views

7-Relative Motion

Uploaded by

Saleh Taher
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Dynamics ME3122

Lecture 7: Relative Motion

Dr. Ahmad Alsayed


Relative Motion
• In the previous lectures, motion was analyzed using a single fixed reference frame.
• For complex motions, multiple reference frames can simplify analysis.
• Example: Aerial refuelling of an aircraft.

Aerial Refueling

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Relative-Motion of Two Particles
Using Translating Axes
• Particles A and B move along the arbitrary paths.
• The absolute position of each particle, 𝐫𝐴 and 𝐫𝐵 , is
measured from the fixed origin O of the fixed frame x,
y, z reference frame.
• The origin of a second frame of reference x`, y`, z` is
attached to and moves with particle A.
• The position of B measured relative to A is denoted by
the relative-position vector 𝐫𝐵/𝐴 . Therefore:
𝐫𝐵 = 𝐫𝐴 + 𝐫𝐵/𝐴
𝐯𝐵 = 𝐯𝐴 + 𝐯𝐵/𝐴 𝐫𝐴/𝐵
A B
𝐚𝐵 = 𝐚𝐴 + 𝐚𝐵/𝐴
𝐫𝐵/𝐴
B A
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Exercise: 1
A train, traveling at a constant speed of 90 km/h, crosses over a road. If automobile A is
traveling at 67.5 km/h along the road, determine the magnitude and direction of relative
velocity of the train with respect to the automobile.

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Exercise: 2
Plane A is flying along a straight-line path, while plane B is flying along a circular path
having a radius of curvature of ρB = 400 km. Determine the velocity and acceleration of
B as measured by the pilot of A.

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Exercise: 3
At the instant shown, the bicyclist at A is traveling at 7 m/s around the curve on the
racetrack while increasing his speed at 0.5 m/s2. The bicyclist at B is traveling at 8.5 m/s
along the straight-a-way and increasing his speed at 0.7 m/s2. Determine the relative
velocity and relative acceleration of A with respect to B at this instant.

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Exercise: 4
The ship travels at a constant speed of vs = 20 m/s and the wind is blowing at a speed of
𝑣𝑤 = 10 m/s, as shown. Determine the magnitude and direction of the horizontal
component of velocity of the smoke coming from the smoke it appears to a passenger on
the ship.

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Exercise: 5
An aircraft carrier is traveling forward with a velocity of 50 km/h. At the instant shown,
the plane at A has just taken off and has attained a forward horizontal air speed of 200
km/h, measured from still water. If the plane at B is traveling along the runway of the
carrier at 175 km/h in the direction shown, determine the velocity of A with respect to B.

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