1) Single spool Turbojet engine has the following parameters:

- T0t =288K - η ct=0.85 -P0t=101320n/m2 - πct=8

- σin=0.98 -T 3 t=¿ 1200 -σ cc=¿0.96
- H u=¿4.3 x107 - ηT =0.9 -ηm =0.98
- R=287 -η EN =0.96 -Thrust =12000N
 Calculate basic thermal cycle of engine
 Calculate specific fuel consumption
 Calculate mass flow
 Calculate Effective efficiency η e
 Draw compression process through the whole compressor in P-V & T-S
diagram
Solution
Flow of air through intake device
P1 t =P 0 t σ ¿ =99293.6 Pa
T 1t =T 0 t=288 K
flow of air through compressor
P2 t =P 1t π =99293.6∗8=784349 Pa

( )
γ −1
π γ −1
T 2t =T 1 t 1+ ct =562.937 K
η ct

flow of air through combustion chamber

P3 t =P2 t σ cc =762575 Pa
T 3 t=1200 K
flow of air through Turbine
Cp
T 4 t =T 3 t − ' ( T 2 t −T 1 t )=969.648 K
C p ηm
1
T 4 t =T 3 t − ( T 3 t −T 4 t ) =944.053 K
ηm
'
γ
T '
P4 t =P3 t ( 4 adt ) γ −1 =274621 Pa
T 3t
flow of air through exit nozzle
c 6= √ 2 c 'p T 4 t ηEN ¿ ¿

'
2γ
T 5 cr= '
T 4 t =1098.68 K
γ +1
a cr =√ γ ' R ' T 5 cr =642.129 m/s
Chocked exit nozzle
T =1098.68K
2
T 5=T cr =
γ +1 4 t
 =1105.12K
T 4 t−T 5
T 5 ad=T 4 t −
η EN

( )
γ
T5 γ −1
p5 = p 4 t ad
=537030 Pa> p 0
T 4t

Determination of specific thrust

F s=C 6−C 0=689.791 m/s
Determination of specific fuel consumption
'
c p ( T 3 t −T 2t ) 3600
C s= =0.09724 Kg/ Nh
ηcc H u F s
Determination of mass flow rate
F
m= =17.3966 Kg/s
Fs

Effective efficiency η e
2 2
ʅ cy ʅ cy C6 −Co
η e= = =
q1 C P (T 3t −T 2 t ) C P (T 3 t −T 2 t )
Design regime’s p-v &T-s diagrams
 Turbine problem
Calculate the main dimensions and the parameters with the mean stream line of an axial
flow turbine with given data:
J ¿
Let =162539 m =6.33 Kg/s n=45000 RPM
kg
T 0 t=1327 K P0 t =795350 K μ=1.5
γ'=1.33 R'=287.4 C'P=1160
ϕ=0.95 u1 m =0.5 α=40o
C
ρT =¿0.24 ψ 1=0.94 ζ= 0.98

Solution
Turbine main dimension

1
. 16
3 J/ 25 Let
3 γ' Kg 39 T
2
8
7
. Kg 6.3
4 R' /s 3 m
1
1 45
6 rp 00
0 C'P m 0 n
turbine inlet temperature
13
K 27 T0t
turbine inlet total
pressure
79
53
Pa 50 P0t

calculate the main dimension and parameter

with
the mean stream line of an axial flow turbine

(1.
2:
isentropic heat drop in 1.
stage 8) μ

sel
1.5 μ ect
0.9 sel
5 ϕ ect

m/
s
30
6.3
u1 m =
√ l est
μ
 π Am n 2π n
u1 m = ω=
60 60
um 60
D 1 m=
0.1 nπ
30 u1 m
06 C1
m 4 u1 m
C 1=
u1 m
sel ( )

√
0.5 ect C
' 1
2γ
C 1 cr= ' R ' T 1 c
γ +1
m/ 61
s 2.6

65
9.8
m/ 44
s 7

check for C1
0.9 C1
<1. 28 λ= <¿ 1.
C1 cr
2 4 2
'

T 1 adt γ γ−1 '

P1=P0 c ( )
T0t
2
11 C1
T 1 ad=T 0 c − '
65. 2Cp
24
K 2

'

C 21 γ
P44
'
γ −1
1=P0 c (1− ' 2
)
31 2 Cp φ T 0c
79.
Pa 2

1.3 P1
Kg 23 ρ 1=
T1R'
/ 35
m3 6

C 1 a=Csel
1 sin α
40 α ect
m/ 39
s 3.6
05
6
 m
l 1=
π D 1 m ρ1 C 1 a

0.0
29
75
l1
m 6
D1 m
ch
ec
k
0.2
28
<0. 78 0.1
33 3 <

from velocity triangle

2.4
13
00
9

67.5241
2o Β=

select law of blading

inlet flow angle at root
1-free vortex
law
0.0
50
15
m 4

0.6 tan α = r 1 i tan α

i 1m
46 r1 m
66
3

32. α i=¿ ¿
90
59
3
2-blad with
const α
2 2

C 1 a r φ cos α =const
1

2 2

C 1u r φ cos α =const
1

from which we have

 0.1 D1 i=D1 m−l 1 m
00
30
m 7

46 C 1 am=C1 m cos α 1 m
9.4
m/ 18
s 2
39 C 1um=C1 m sin α 1 m
3.6
m/ 05
s 6
C 1 ai =C1 am ¿
m
/ 538.700
s 9

C 1ui =C 1 um ¿
45
m 1.6
/ 98
s 9

C 1i =√ C 1 ui +C 1 ai
2 2
70
3.0
m/ 15
s 3

relative ρ_

1-free
−¿=cos 2(α 1i )(1−(
r1 i
)¿ ¿ 2)¿¿ vortex
r 1m
ρ law
c
h 0.2
e 37
c 93
k 7

2-blad with
const α
2 2
C 1i −C 1m
−¿= ¿
0.2 2
C1 i
ρ
40
68
1

Turbine stage reaction is given

ρi=¿(0:0.
0 2)
 −¿¿¿
ρT =ρi + ρ )

0.2 ρT =¿
37 ρT =¿
93 1-free vortex
7 law
G
i
v 0.2
e 40
n 68 2-blad with
1 const α

the isotropic heat drop in rotor

2
C1 ρTm
h o 2= 2
2 φ 1− ρT
J 64 h o 2=¿
/ 91
K 5.3 1-free vortex
g 5 law
J 65 h o 2=¿
/ 90
K 1.2 2-blad with
g 7 const α

18 2 2 2
W 1 =c 1+u 1−2 u1 c 1 cos α 1
15
32.
9

0.9 ψ=¿
4

52 1-free vortex W 2 =ψ √ W 21 +2 ho 2
m 4.5 law
/ 19
s 7
52
m 6.1
/ 77 2-blad with
s 9 const α
0.9
8 ζ=

37 l est
w 2 u= −(c 1 cos α 1−u1 )
m 8.3 u1mζ
/ 64
s 4
 from velocity triangle u1 m=u 2 m=um=u

72. C 2u =W 2 u−u
m 06
/ 44
s 5
chang in
triangle

5.0
40 C2a
83 tan α 2= determinatio
C 2u
1 n of α2

36
m 3.2 W 2 a =C2 a= √ W 22−W 22 u
/ 64
s 7

78. α 2=¿
81
93

determination of flow parameter at rotor outlet

C1a
C 2=
sin α 1
- C 2=¿
m 14
/ 26. 1-free vortex
s 82 law
C 2=¿
2-
blad
with
const
α

11 2
C2 l est
86. T 2=T 2t − '
=T 0 t− '
K 88 2C p Cp

20
64.
39
1 T2t

P2
=¿
P1
P 66 P2=¿ 1-free vortex
 85
a 63 law
66 P2=¿
67
P 63. 2-blad with
a 1 const α

P2
ρ 2= '
R T2
K ρ2=¿
g 1.9
/ 59
m 96 1-free vortex
3
7 law
K ρ2=¿
g
/ 1.9
m 54 2-blad with
3
69 const α

Di= m
co A 2=
ρ2 C2 a
nst

0.0
08
89
m2 1

0.1
00
80
√
D2 e =
4 A22
π
2
+ Di

D 2 e −D i
m 8 L2=
2

0.0
00
m 25

selection of blade width

0.3 h
=(0.3 :0.4)
L1
7.5 h= l 2 −l 1
1E- tan γ =
m 05 h

-
39
2.8
9
 P2 t =P 2 ¿

calculation of outlet total pressure

62
22
P 53
a 4

tot
al
adi
ab
ati
c
eff
0.8
34 T 2t
1−
36 T 1t
η9Tt = '
γ −1
P '
1−( 2t ) γ
P0t