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A Journey Through The History of Architecture

This article explores the history of architecture, defining it as the art of designing and constructing buildings with aesthetic and functional considerations. It traces architectural evolution from early structures like ziggurats and pyramids to prominent styles such as Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, Neoclassical, Industrial, Modern, and Contemporary architecture. Additionally, it suggests pursuing a university degree in architecture for those inspired by its history and diversity.

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27 views6 pages

A Journey Through The History of Architecture

This article explores the history of architecture, defining it as the art of designing and constructing buildings with aesthetic and functional considerations. It traces architectural evolution from early structures like ziggurats and pyramids to prominent styles such as Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, Neoclassical, Industrial, Modern, and Contemporary architecture. Additionally, it suggests pursuing a university degree in architecture for those inspired by its history and diversity.

Uploaded by

alicemolardiaz
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A JOURNEY THROUGH THE HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

We all experience architecture in our daily lives, but have you ever wondered what lies
behind the buildings around us?

In this article, we will take you on a journey through the history of architecture. We'll
explore what architecture is, how it has evolved over the centuries, the most prominent
styles that have left their mark on the world and where you can learn about this exciting
discipline.

What is architecture?

Architecture is everywhere, from majestic Gothic cathedrals to modern skyscrapers on


city skylines. The discipline shapes the spaces where we live, work and socialise. But
what is its definition?

Architecture is the art of designing, planning and constructing buildings with


aesthetic and functional aspects in mind.

The etymology of architecture comes from the Latin architectūra and the Ancient
Greek architéctōn, composed of archós (chief) and téctōn (builder).

History of architecture

The history of architecture is a fascinating journey that dates back to the dawn of
civilisation. As early as the Neolithic period, humans developed architecture by
building stable dwellings and ceremonial enclosures.

As societies grew, more complex architectural systems emerged. One of the earliest
documented architectural elements is the ziggurats, stepped temples that served as
religious and administrative centres in ancient Mesopotamia. The majestic pyramids
of Ancient Egypt followed these.

Later, the Greeks and Romans laid the foundations of classical architecture and left a
legacy that can still be admired throughout the Mediterranean world: perfectly
proportioned columns, aqueducts, amphitheatres and triumphal arches, among others.

Main types of architecture

Each historical period has its type of architecture, reflecting the artistic trends of the
time. This section will discuss the main types of architecture accompanying humankind
over the centuries.

Gothic architecture

1
With the fall of the Roman Empire, Europe entered the Middle Ages, and religious
architecture took centre stage. Gothic cathedrals, such as Chartres Cathedral in
France, are outstanding examples of this period.

Renaissance architecture

2
The Renaissance brought a return to classical Greek and Roman aesthetics, with a
strong Italianate influence and a focus on symmetry and proportion. It is embodied in
works such as Filipo Brunelleschi's iconic Florence Cathedral.

Baroque architecture

In the Baroque period, which flourished in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries,
architecture became more ornate and theatrical, as seen in the Palace of
Versailles in France.

Neoclassical architecture

3
In the 18th and 19th centuries, neoclassical architecture emerged due to the excessive
ornamentation of the Baroque and Rococo styles. This style sought to recover classical
architecture's principles of simplicity, symmetry, and proportion. A notable example
of this architectural style is the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.

Industrial architecture

4
The Industrial Revolution radically changed how buildings were constructed with the
advent of iron and steel architecture, which allowed for the construction of
skyscrapers and suspension bridges. An example of this type of architecture is the
Crystal Palace in Madrid.

Modern architecture

The 20th century brought revolutionary architectural movements such as Modernism


and Functionalism, which prioritised functionality and simplicity in design.
Architects used the new building techniques of concrete, steel, glass and wood, with Le
Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright being some leading exponents.

Contemporary architecture

5
Contemporary architecture is a broad and diverse movement from the late 20th century
to the present day. One of its distinguishing features is its focus on sustainability and
its ability to incorporate new technologies and innovative building materials. Some
influential contemporary architects include Zaha Hadid, known for her fluid and
organic designs, and Frank Gehry, famous for his asymmetrical structures.

Where to study architecture?

If the history and diversity of architecture inspire you, you might consider studying for a
university degree. Afterwards, you can specialise according to your interests
with master's degrees and postgraduate courses like those o^ered by leading
institutions like ZIGURAT Institute of Technology.

Sources : https://www.e-zigurat.com/en/blog/journey-through-history-architecture/

Published on 29/09/2023

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