CHEMISTRY HONS.

CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

COURSES OF STUDY FOR GENERIC ELECTIVE ‘B. Sc. Hons’ PROGRAMME IN

“CHEMISTRY”
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SEMESTER I GENERIC ELECTIVE 1 Paper
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Total 100 x 1 = 100 Marks

I. GENERIC ELECTIVE (GE 1) (Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)

¾ All Four Generic Papers (One paper to be studied in each semester) of Chemistry to be studied
by the Students of Other than Chemistry Honours.

¾ Students of Chemistry Honours must Refer Content from the Syllabus of Opted Generic
Elective Subject.

Marks : 75 (ESE: 3Hrs) + 25 (Pr 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks: Th ESE = 30 + Pr ESE =10

Instruction to Question Setter for

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two group of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of ten questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to answer.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations.

ATOMIC STRUCTURE, BONDING, GENERAL ORGANIC

CHEMISTRY & ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
Theory: 60 Lectures

Section A: Inorganic Chemistry-1 (30 Periods)

Atomic Structure:
Review of: Bohr’s theory and its limitations, dual behaviour of matter and radiation, de-Broglie’s
relation, Heisenberg Uncertainty principle. Hydrogen atom spectra. Need of a new approach to
Atomic structure.

What is Quantum mechanics? Time independent Schrodinger equation and meaning of various
2
terms in it. Significance of ψ and ψ , Schrödinger equation for hydrogen atom. Radial and angular
parts of the hydogenic wavefunctions (atomic orbitals) and their variations for 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p
and 3d orbitals (Only graphical representation). Radial and angular nodes and their significance.
Radial distribution functions and the concept of the most probable distance with special reference
to 1s and 2s atomic orbitals. Significance of quantum numbers, orbital angular momentum and
quantum numbers ml and ms. Shapes of s, p and d atomic orbitals, nodal planes. Discovery of spin,
spin quantum number (s) and magnetic spin quantum number (ms).

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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Rules for filling electrons in various orbitals, Electronic configurations of the atoms. Stability of half-
filled and completely filled orbitals, concept of exchange energy. Relative energies of atomic orbitals,
Anomalous electronic configurations.
(14 Lectures)

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Ionic Bonding: General characteristics of ionic bonding. Energy considerations in ionic bonding,
lattice energy and solvation energy and their importance in the context of stability and solubility of
ionic compounds. Statement of Born-Landé equation for calculation of lattice energy, Born-Haber
cycle and its applications, polarizing power and polarizability. Fajan’s rules, ionic character in
covalent compounds, bond moment, dipole moment and percentage ionic character.

Covalent bonding: VB Approach: Shapes of some inorganic molecules and ions on the basis of
VSEPR and hybridization with suitable examples of linear, trigonal planar, square planar, tetrahedral,
trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral arrangements.

Concept of resonance and resonating structures in various inorganic and organic compounds.

MO Approach: Rules for the LCAO method, bonding and antibonding MOs and their characteristics
for s-s, s-p and p-p combinations of atomic orbitals, nonbonding combination of orbitals, MO
treatment of homonuclear diatomic molecules of 1st and 2nd periods (including idea of s-p
+
mixing) and heteronuclear diatomic molecules such as CO, NO and NO . Comparison of VB and
MO approaches.
(16 Lectures)
Section B: Organic Chemistry-1 (30 Periods)

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

Physical Effects, Electronic Displacements: Inductive Effect, Electromeric Effect, Resonance and
Hyperconjugation. Cleavage of Bonds: Homolysis and Heterolysis.

Structure, shape and reactivity of organic molecules: Nucleophiles and electrophiles.

Reactive Intermediates: Carbocations, Carbanions and free radicals.

Strength of organic acids and bases: Comparative study with emphasis on factors affecting pK values.
Aromaticity: Benzenoids and Hückel’s rule.
(8 Lectures)
Stereochemistry
Conformations with respect to ethane, butane and cyclohexane. Interconversion of Wedge Formula,
Newmann, Sawhorse and Fischer representations. Concept of chirality (upto two carbon atoms).
Configuration: Geometrical and Optical isomerism; Enantiomerism, Diastereomerism and Meso
compounds). Threo and erythro; D and L; cis – trans nomenclature; CIP Rules: R/ S (for upto 2
chiral carbon atoms) and E / Z Nomenclature (for upto two C=C systems).
(10 Lectures)

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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
Functional group approach for the following reactions (preparations & reactions) to be studied in
context to their structure.

Alkanes: (Upto 5 Carbons).

Preparation: Catalytic hydrogenation, Wurtz reaction, Kolbe’s synthesis, from Grignard reagent.
Reactions: Free radical Substitution: Halogenation.

Alkenes: (Upto 5 Carbons)

Preparation: Elimination reactions: Dehydration of alkenes and dehydrohalogenation of alkyl
halides (Saytzeff’s rule); cis alkenes (Partial catalytic hydrogenation) and trans alkenes (Birch
reduction). Reactions: cis-addition (alk. KMnO4) and trans-addition (bromine), Addition of HX
(Markownikoff’s and anti-Markownikoff’s addition), Hydration, Ozonolysis, oxymecuration-
demercuration, Hydroboration-oxidation.

Alkynes: (Upto 5 Carbons)

Preparation: Acetylene from CaC2 and conversion into higher alkynes; by dehalogenation of tetra
halides and dehydrohalogenation of vicinal-dihalides.

Reactions:formation of metal acetylides, addition of bromine and alkaline KMnO4, ozonolysis and
oxidation with hot alk. KMnO4.
(12 Lectures)
Reference Books:
J. D. Lee: A new Concise Inorganic Chemistry, E L. B. S.
F. A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson: Basic Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley.
Douglas, McDaniel and Alexader: Concepts and Models in Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley.
James E. Huheey, Ellen Keiter and Richard Keiter: Inorganic Chemistry: Principles
of Structure and Reactivity, Pearson Publication.
T. W. Graham Solomon: Organic Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons.
Peter Sykes: A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman.
E. L. Eliel: Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds, Tata McGraw Hill.
I. L. Finar: Organic Chemistry (Vol. I & II), E. L. B. S.
R. T. Morrison & R. N. Boyd: Organic Chemistry, Prentice Hall.
Arun Bahl and B. S. Bahl: Advanced Organic Chemistry, S. Chand
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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL-GE1 LAB: 60 Lectures

Section A: Inorganic Chemistry - Volumetric Analysis

1. Estimation of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate present in a mixture.

2. Estimation of oxalic acid by titrating it with KMnO4.

3. Estimation of water of crystallization in Mohr’s salt by titrating with KMnO4.

4. Estimation of Fe (II) ions by titrating it with K2Cr2O7 using internal indicator.

5. Estimation of Cu (II) ions iodometrically using Na2S2O3.

Section B: Organic Chemistry

1. Detection of extra elements (N, S, Cl, Br, I) in organic compounds (containing upto two
extra elements)

2. Separation of mixtures by Chromatography: Measure the Rf value in each case

(combination of two compounds to be given)

(a) Identify and separate the components of a given mixture of 2 amino acids (glycine,
aspartic acid, glutamic acid, tyrosine or any other amino acid) by paper chromatography

(b) Identify and separate the sugars present in the given mixture by paper chromatography.

Reference Books:
Vogel’s Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, A.I. Vogel, Prentice Hall, 7th Edition.
Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis, A.I. Vogel, Prentice Hall, 6th Edition.
Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, A.I. Vogel , Prentice Hall, 5th edition.
Practical Organic Chemistry, F. G. Mann. & B. C. Saunders, Orient Longman, 1960.

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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

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SEMESTER II GENERIC ELECTIVE 1 Paper
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 100 x 1 = 100 Marks

II. GENERIC ELECTIVE (GE 2) (Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)

Marks : 75 (ESE: 3Hrs) + 25 (Pr 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks: Th ESE = 30 + Pr ESE =10

Instruction to Question Setter for

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two group of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of ten questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to answer.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations.

CHEMICAL ENERGETICS, EQUILIBRIA & FUNCTIONAL GROUP;

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I
Theory: 60 Lectures
Section A: Physical Chemistry-1 (30 Lectures)

Chemical Energetics
Review of thermodynamics and the Laws of Thermodynamics.

Important principles and definitions of thermochemistry. Concept of standard state and standard
enthalpies of formations, integral and differential enthalpies of solution and dilution. Calculation of
bond energy, bond dissociation energy and resonance energy from thermochemical data. Variation
of enthalpy of a reaction with temperature – Kirchhoff’s equation.
Statement of Third Law of thermodynamics and calculation of absolute entropies of substances.
(10 Lectures)
Chemical Equilibrium:
Free energy change in a chemical reaction. Thermodynamic derivation of the law of chemical
o
equilibrium. Distinction between ΔG and ΔG , Le Chatelier’s principle. Relationships between Kp,
Kc and Kx for reactions involving ideal gases.
(8 Lectures)
Ionic Equilibria:
Strong, moderate and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, factors affecting degree of
ionization, ionization constant and ionic product of water. Ionization of weak acids and bases, pH
scale, common ion effect. Salt hydrolysis-calculation of hydrolysis constant, degree of hydrolysis
and pH for different salts. Buffer solutions. Solubility and solubility product of sparingly soluble
salts – applications of solubility product principle.
(12 Lectures)
Section B: Organic Chemistry-2 (30 Lectures)

Functional group approach for the following reactions (preparations & reactions) to be studied in

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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

context to their structure.

Aromatic hydrocarbons
Preparation (Case benzene): from phenol, by decarboxylation, from acetylene, from benzene
sulphonic acid.

Reactions: (Case benzene): Electrophilic substitution: nitration, halogenation and sulphonation.

Friedel-Craft’s reaction (alkylation and acylation) (upto 4 carbons on benzene). Side chain oxidation
of alkyl benzenes (upto 4 carbons on benzene).
(8 Lectures)
Alkyl and Aryl Halides

Alkyl Halides (Upto 5 Carbons)

Types of Nucleophilic Substitution (SN1, SN2 and SNi) reactions.
Preparation: from alkenes and alcohols.
Reactions: hydrolysis, nitrite & nitro formation, nitrile & isonitrile formation. Williamson’s ether
synthesis: Elimination vs substitution.

Aryl Halides Preparation:

(Chloro, bromo and iodo-benzene case): from phenol, Sandmeyer & Gattermann reactions.
Reactions (Chlorobenzene): Aromatic nucleophilic substitution (replacement by –OH group) and
effect of nitro substituent. Benzyne Mechanism: KNH2/NH3 (or NaNH2/NH3).
Reactivity and Relative strength of C-Halogen bond in alkyl, allyl, benzyl, vinyl and aryl halides.
(8 Lectures)
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers (Upto 5 Carbons)

Alcohols:
Preparation: Preparation of 1о, 2о and 3о alcohols: using Grignard reagent, Ester hydrolysis,
Reduction of aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acid and esters.
Reactions: With sodium, HX (Lucas test), esterification, oxidation (with PCC, alk. KMnO4, acidic
dichromate, conc. HNO3). Oppeneauer oxidation Diols: (Upto 6 Carbons) oxidation of diols. Pinacol-
Pinacolone rearrangement.

Phenols: (Phenol case)

Preparation: Cumene hydroperoxide method, from diazonium salts.
Reactions: Electrophilic substitution: Nitration, halogenation and sulphonation. Reimer- Tiemann
Reaction, Gattermann-Koch Reaction, Houben–Hoesch Condensation, Schotten – Baumann Reaction.

Ethers (aliphatic and aromatic): Cleavage of ethers with HI.

Aldehydes and ketones (aliphatic and aromatic):

(Formaldehye, acetaldehyde, acetone and benzaldehyde)
Preparation: from acid chlorides and from nitriles.

Reactions – Reaction with HCN, ROH, NaHSO3, NH2-G derivatives. Iodoform test. Aldol
Condensation, Cannizzaro’s reaction, Wittig reaction, Benzoin condensation. Clemensen reduction
and Wolff Kishner reduction. Meerwein-Pondorff Verley reduction.
(14 Lectures)

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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Reference Books:
T. W. Graham Solomons: Organic Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons.
Peter Sykes: A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman.
I.L. Finar: Organic Chemistry (Vol. I & II), E. L. B. S.
R. T. Morrison & R. N. Boyd: Organic Chemistry, Prentice Hall.
Arun Bahl and B. S. Bahl: Advanced Organic Chemistry, S. Chand.
G. M. Barrow: Physical Chemistry Tata McGraw-Hill (2007).
G. W. Castellan: Physical Chemistry 4th Edn. Narosa (2004).
J. C. Kotz, P. M. Treichel & J. R. Townsend: General Chemistry Cengage Lening India Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi (2009).
B. H. Mahan: University Chemistry 3rd Ed. Narosa (1998).
R. H. Petrucci: General Chemistry 5th Ed. Macmillan Publishing Co.: New York (1985).
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CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL-GE2 LAB 60 Lectures

Section A: Physical Chemistry

Thermochemistry
1. Determination of heat capacity of calorimeter for different volumes.
2. Determination of enthalpy of neutralization of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide.
3. Determination of enthalpy of ionization of acetic acid.
4. Determination of integral enthalpy of solution of salts (KNO 3, NH4Cl).
5. Determination of enthalpy of hydration of copper sulphate.
6. Study of the solubility of benzoic acid in water and determination of ΔH.

Ionic equilibria pH measurements

a) Measurement of pH of different solutions like aerated drinks, fruit juices, shampoos and soaps (use
dilute solutions of soaps and shampoos to prevent damage to the glass electrode) using pH-meter.
b) Preparation of buffer solutions:
i. Sodium acetate-acetic acid
ii. Ammonium chloride-ammonium hydroxide
Measurement of the pH of buffer solutions and comparison of the values with theoretical values.

Section B: Organic Chemistry

1. Purification of organic compounds by crystallization (from water and alcohol) and distillation.
2. Criteria of Purity: Determination of melting and boiling points.
3. Preparations: Mechanism of various reactions involved to be discussed.
4. Recrystallisation, determination of melting point and calculation of quantitative yields to be done.
(a) Bromination of Phenol/Aniline
(b) Benzoylation of amines/phenols
(c) Oxime and 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazone of aldehyde/ketone

Reference Books

A.I. Vogel: Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, 5th edition, Prentice-Hall.

F. G. Mann & B. C. Saunders, Practical Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman (1960).
B.D. Khosla, Senior Practical Physical Chemistry, R. Chand & Co.
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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

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SEMESTER III GENERIC ELECTIVE 1 Paper
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 100 x 1 = 100 Marks
III. GENERIC ELECTIVE (GE 3) ) (Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)

Marks : 75 (ESE: 3Hrs) + 25 (Pr 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks: Th ESE = 30 + Pr ESE =10

Instruction to Question Setter for

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two group of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of ten questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to answer.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations.

CHEMISTRY OF S- AND P-BLOCK ELEMENTS, STATES OF

MATTER & CHEMICAL KINETICS
Theory: 60 Lectures
General Principles of Metallurgy
Chief modes of occurrence of metals based on standard electrode potentials. Ellingham diagrams
for reduction of metal oxides using carbon as reducing agent.

Hydrometallurgy, Methods of purification of metals (Al, Pb, Ti, Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn): electrolytic,
oxidative refining, Kroll process, Parting process, van Arkel-de Boer process and Mond’s process.
(4 Lectures)

s- and p-Block Elements

Periodicity in s- and p-block elements with respect to electronic configuration, atomic and ionic
size, ionization enthalpy, electronegativity (Pauling, Mulliken, and Alfred-Rochow scales). Allotropy
in C, S, and P.
Oxidation states with reference to elements in unusual and rare oxidation states like carbides and
nitrides), inert pair effect, diagonal relationship and anomalous behaviour of first member of each
group.

Compounds of s- and p-Block Elements

Hydrides and their classification (ionic, covalent and interstitial), structure and properties with
respect to stability of hydrides of p- block elements.
Concept of multicentre bonding (diborane). Structure, bonding and their important properties like
oxidation/reduction, acidic/basic nature of the following compounds and their applications in
industrial, organic and environmental chemistry.

Hydrides of nitrogen (NH3, N2H4, N3H, NH2OH)

Oxoacids of P, S and Cl.

Halides and oxohalides: PCl3, PCl5, SOCl2 and SO2Cl2

(26 Lectures)

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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Section B: Physical Chemistry-3 (30 Lectures)

Kinetic Theory of Gases

Postulates of Kinetic Theory of Gases and derivation of the kinetic gas equation.

Deviation of real gases from ideal behaviour, compressibility factor, causes of deviation. van der
Waals equation of state for real gases. Boyle temperature (derivation not required). Critical
phenomena, critical constants and their calculation from van der Waals equation. Andrews isotherms
of CO2.
Maxwell Boltzmann distribution laws of molecular velocities and molecular energies (graphic
representation – derivation not required) and their importance.
Temperature dependence of these distributions. Most probable, average and root mean square
velocities (no derivation). Collision cross section, collision number, collision frequency, collision
diameter and mean free path of molecules. Viscosity of gases and effect of temperature and
pressure on coefficient of viscosity (qualitative treatment only).

Liquids
Surface tension and its determination using stalagmometer. Viscosity of a liquid and determination
of coefficient of viscosity using Ostwald viscometer. Effect of temperature on surface tension and
coefficient of viscosity of a liquid (qualitative treatment only)

Solids
Forms of solids. Symmetry elements, unit cells, crystal systems, Bravais lattice types and
identification of lattice planes. Laws of Crystallography - Law of constancy of interfacial angles,
Law of rational indices. Miller indices. X–Ray diffraction by crystals, Bragg’s law. Structures of
NaCl, KCl and CsCl (qualitative treatment only). Defects in crystals. Glasses and liquid crystals.

Chemical Kinetics
The concept of reaction rates. Effect of temperature, pressure, catalyst and other factors on
reaction rates. Order and molecularity of a reaction. Derivation of integrated rate equations
for zero, first and second order reactions (both for equal and unequal concentrations of
reactants). Half–life of a reaction. General methods for determination of order of a reaction.
Concept of activation energy and its calculation from Arrhenius equation.

Theories of Reaction Rates: Collision theory and Activated Complex theory of bimolecular
reactions. Comparison of the two theories (qualitative treatment only).

Reference Books:
G. M. Barrow: Physical Chemistry Tata McGraw-Hill (2007).
G. W. Castellan: Physical Chemistry 4th Edn. Narosa (2004).
J. C. Kotz, P. M. Treichel & J. R. Townsend: General Chemistry Cengage Lening India Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi (2009).
B. H. Mahan: University Chemistry 3rd Ed. Narosa (1998).
R. H. Petrucci: General Chemistry 5th Ed. Macmillan Publishing Co.: New York (1985).
J. D. Lee: A New Concise Inorganic Chemistry, E.L.B.S.
F.A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson: Basic Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley.
D. F. Shriver and P. W. Atkins: Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford University Press.
Gary Wulfsberg: Inorganic Chemistry, Viva Books Pvt. Ltd.

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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL-GE3 LAB 60 Lectures

Section A: Inorganic Chemistry

Semi-micro qualitative analysis using H2S of mixtures- not more than four ionic species (two
anions and two cations and excluding insoluble salts) out of the following:

Cations :
+ 2+ + 3+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 3+ 3+ 2+ 3+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ +
NH4 , Pb , Ag , Bi , Cu , Cd , Sn , Fe , Al , Co , Cr , Ni , Mn , Zn , Ba , Sr , Ca , K

Anions :
2- 3- 3-
CO32– , S2–, SO2–, S2O32–, NO3–, CH3COO–, Cl–, Br–, I-, NO3–, SO4 , PO4 , BO3 , C2O42-, F-
(Spot tests should be carried out wherever feasible)

Section B: Physical Chemistry

(I) Surface tension measurement (use of organic solvents excluded).

a) Determination of the surface tension of a liquid or a dilute solution using a
stalagmometer.
b) Study of the variation of surface tension of a detergent solution with concentration.
(II) Viscosity measurement (use of organic solvents excluded).
a) Determination of the relative and absolute viscosity of a liquid or dilute solution
using an Ostwald’s viscometer.
b) Study of the variation of viscosity of an aqueous solution with concentration of
solute.
(III) Chemical Kinetics
Study the kinetics of the following reactions.
a. Initial rate method: Iodide-persulphate reaction
b. Integrated rate method:
c. Acid hydrolysis of methyl acetate with hydrochloric acid.
d. Saponification of ethyl acetate.
e. Compare the strengths of HCl and H2SO4 by studying kinetics of hydrolysis of
methyl acetate
Reference Books:
A.I. Vogel, Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, Prentice Hall, 7th Edn.
A.I. Vogel, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Prentice Hall, 6th Edn.
B.D. Khosla, Senior Practical Physical Chemistry, R. Chand & Co.

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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

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SEMESTER IV GENERIC ELECTIVE 1 Paper
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 100 x 1 = 100 Marks
IV. GENERIC ELECTIVE (GE 4) ) (Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)

Marks : 75 (ESE: 3Hrs) + 25 (Pr 3Hrs)=100 Pass Marks: Th ESE = 30 + Pr ESE =10

Instruction to Question Setter for

End Semester Examination (ESE):

There will be two group of questions. Group A is compulsory and will contain two questions. Question No.1 will be very
short answer type consisting of ten questions of 1 mark each. Question No.2 will be short answer type of 5 marks. Group
B will contain descriptive type six questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any four are to answer.

Note: There may be subdivisions in each question asked in Theory Examinations.

CHEMISTRY OF D-BLOCK ELEMENTS, MOLECULES OF LIFE

Theory: 60 Lectures
Section A: Inorganic Chemistry-3 (30 Lectures)

Transition Elements (3d series)

General group trends with special reference to electronic configuration, variable valency, colour,
magnetic and catalytic properties, ability to form complexes and stability of various oxidation states
(Latimer diagrams) for Mn, Fe and Cu.
(8 Lectures)
Coordination Chemistry
Valence Bond Theory (VBT): Inner and outer orbital complexes of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu
(coordination numbers 4 and 6). Structural and stereoisomerism in complexes with coordination
numbers 4 and 6.
Drawbacks of VBT. IUPAC system of nomenclature.
(8 Lectures)
Crystal Field Theory
Crystal field effect, octahedral symmetry. Crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE), Crystal field
effects for weak and strong fields. Tetrahedral symmetry. Factors affecting the magnitude of D.
Spectrochemical series. Comparison of CFSE for Oh and Td complexes, Tetragonal distortion of
octahedral geometry. Jahn-Teller distortion, Square planar coordination.
(8 Lectures)
Section B: Organic Chemistry

Unit 1: Carbohydrates
Classification of carbohydrates, reducing and non reducing sugars, General Properties of Glucose
and Fructose, their open chain structure. Epimers, mutarotation and anomers. Determination of
configuration of Glucose (Fischer proof). Cyclic structure of glucose. Haworth projections. Cyclic
structure of fructose. Linkage between monosachharides, structure of disacharrides (sucrose, maltose,
lactose) and polysacharrides (starch and cellulose) excluding their structure elucidation.
(10 Periods)

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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

Unit 2: Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins

Classification of Amino Acids, Zwitterion structure and Isoelectric point

Overview of Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary structure of proteins.

Determination of primary structure of peptides, determination of N-terminal amino acid (by DNFB
and Edman method) and C–terminal amino acid (by thiohydantoin and with carboxypeptidase
enzyme).
Synthesis of simple peptides (upto dipeptides) by N-protection (t- butyloxycarbonyl and phthaloyl) &
C-activating groups and Merrifield solid phase synthesis.
(10 Periods)
Unit 3: Enzymes and correlation with drug action
Mechanism of enzyme action, factors affecting enzyme action, Coenzymes and cofactors and their
role in biological reactions, Specificity of enzyme action (Including stereospecifity).

Enzyme inhibitors and their importance, phenomenon of inhibition (Competitive and Non-
competitive inhibition including allosteric inhibtion).

Drug action-receptor theory. Structure –activity relationships of drug molecules, binding role of –OH
group, -NH2 group, double bond and aromatic ring,
(8 Periods)

Unit 5: Lipids
Introduction to lipids, classification. Oils and fats: Common fatty acids present in oils and fats,
Omega fatty acids, Trans fats, Hydrogenation, Saponification value, Iodine number.
Biological importance of triglycerides, phospholipids, glycolipids, and steroids (cholesterol).
(8 Periods)

Reference Books:

J. C. Kotz, P. M. Treichel & J. R. Townsend: General Chemistry, Cengage Lening India Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi (2009).
B. H. Mahan: University Chemistry 3rd Ed. Narosa (1998).
R. H. Petrucci: General Chemistry 5th Ed. Macmillan Publishing Co.: New York (1985).
J. D. Lee: A New Concise Inorganic Chemistry, E.L.B.S.
F.A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson: Basic Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley.
Gary Wulfsberg: Inorganic Chemistry, Viva Books Pvt. Ltd.
Morrison, R. T. & Boyd, R. N. Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson
Education).
Finar, I. L. Organic Chemistry (Volume 1), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education).
Finar, I. L. Organic Chemistry (Volume 2), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education).
th
Nelson, D. L. & Cox, M. M. Lehninger’s Principles of Biochemistry 7 Ed., W. H. Freeman.
th
Berg, J. M., Tymoczko, J. L. & Stryer, L. Biochemistry 7 Ed., W. H. Freeman.
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CHEMISTRY HONS. CBCS CURRICULUM RANCHI UNIVERSITY

CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL-GE4 LAB 60 Lectures

Section A: Inorganic Chemistry

1. Estimation of the amount of nickel present in a given solution as bis(dimethylglyoximato)

nickel(II) or aluminium as oxinate in a given solution gravimetrically.
2+ 2+
2. Estimation of (i) Mg or (ii) Zn by complexometric titrations using EDTA.
3. Estimation of total hardness of a given sample of water by complexometric titration.
4. To draw calibration curve (absorbance at λmax vs. concentration) for various concentrations of a
given coloured compound and estimate the concentration of the same in a given solution.
3+ 2+
5. Determination of the composition of the Fe salicylic acid complex/ Fe phenanthroline complex
in solution by Job’s method.
6. Determination of concentration of Na+ and K+ using Flame Photometry.

Section B: Organic Chemistry

1. Separation of amino acids by paper chromatography

2. To determine the concentration of glycine solution by formylation method.
3. Study of titration curve of glycine
4. To determine the saponification value of an oil/fat.
5. To determine the iodine value of an oil/fat
6. Differentiate between a reducing/ nonreducing sugar.
7. To synthesise aspirin by acetylation of salicylic acid and compare it with the ingredient of an
aspirin tablet by TLC.

Reference Books:

A.I. Vogel, Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, Prentice Hall, 7th Edn.

A.I. Vogel, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Prentice Hall, 6th Edn.
B.D. Khosla, Senior Practical Physical Chemistry, R. Chand & Co.
Furniss, B.S.; Hannaford, A.J.; Rogers, V.; Smith, P.W.G.; Tatchell, A.R.
Vogel’s Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS.
Ahluwalia, V.K. & Aggarwal, R. Comprehensive Practical Organic Chemistry, Universities Press.

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