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COMPUTER EXPLANATION

C = Complete
O = Operation
M = Mathematical
P = Physical
U = Utilized
T = Techniques
E = Electronic
R = Resources

Q. 1 What is Computer
Ans. Computer is an electrical electronic & mechanical Device
with can be store data manipulate a data and gives output
information which we need.

Who was Father of computer?

Ans. Charles Babbage was the father of computer

Q. Who was Charles Babbage and when born?

Ans. Charles Babbage was father of computer he was English
Man he borne in 1833.
What Is Data
Data is information processed or stored by a computer. This
information may be in the form of text documents, images, audio
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clips, software programs, or other types of data. Computer data may

be processed by the computer's CPU and is stored in files and
folders on the computer's hard disk.
Computer hardware
Computer hardware includes the physical, tangible parts or
components of a computer, such as the cabinet, central processing
unit, monitor, keyboard, computer data storage, graphics card,
sound card, speakers and motherboard. By contrast, software is
instructions that can be stored and run by hardware.

Computer Software
Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or
computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in
contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and
actually performs the work.

What is live ware?

Live ware was used in the computer industry as early as 1966
to refer to computer users, often in humorous contexts, by analogy
with hardware and software. It is a slang term used to denote people
using computers, and is based on the need for a human or live ware,
to operate the system using hardware and software.

What is Firmware?
Firmware is a software program permanently etched (fixed) into
a hardware device such as a keyboards, hard drive, BIOS, or video
cards. It is programmed to give permanent instructions to
communicate with other devices and perform functions like basic
input/output tasks.
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What are the types of software’s?

There are two main types of software: systems software and
application software. Systems software includes the programs that
are dedicated to managing the computer itself, such as the operating
system, file management utilities, and disk operating system (or
DOS).

Application software
Application software is a term which is used
for software created for a specific purpose. It is generally a program
or collection of programs used by end users. It can be called
an application or simply an app.

Operating system
An operating system (OS) is the program that, after being
initially loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all of
the other application programs in a computer. The application
programs make use of the operating system

Language processor
A language processor is a software program designed or used
to perform tasks such as processing program code to machine
code. Language processors are found in languages such as
FORTRAN and COBOL

Software
Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to
operate computers and execute specific tasks.

Ada Lovelace
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Ada Lovelace has been called the world's first computer

programmer. What she did was write the world's first machine
algorithm for an early computing machine that existed only on paper.
Of course, someone had to be the first, but Lovelace was a woman,
and this was in the 1840s.

What is first calculating device

The earliest recorded calculating device is the abacus. Used as
a simple computing device for performing arithmetic, the abacus
most likely appeared first in Babylonia (now Iraq) over 5000 years
ago.

What Makes Charles Babbage before Analytical

Engine
Ans. Charles Babbage First Make a Difference Engine.

How many main parts of computer

1 Monitor – Look Like As a TV Screen
2 key board – Look like As a Type writer Machine

3 CPU (Central Processing Unit) – CPU Is the brain of computer

like
As a Human Beings Brain

THE BASIC PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

ARE:
1. Monitor
2. CPU (Central Processing Unit)
3. Keyboard
4. Mouse
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5. Speakers
6. Printer
Let us find out about some more devices that can be connected to a
computer.

Input Devices:
Devices that help us put data into the computer are called input
devices. They help in giving instructions to the computer.

KEYBOARD:
The keyboard is used for entering data into the computer system. It
can type words, numbers and symbols. More information of
computer keyboard
 Buttons on the keyboard are called keys
 Whatever you type on the keyboard can be seen on the
monitor.
The keyboard and computer mouse are input devices. These are
used for performing various functions. A computer keyboard has 104
keys. The keyboard has Letter keys, Number keys, Function keys,
Arrow keys and Special keys. Let us learn about a few more keys on
a keyboard.
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Symbol Keys:
These keys have special sings and symbols, which
are to the right of the letter keys such as: /, :, “,<, > etc.
The special characters are also placed over the numbers on the
Number keys such as:!, @, #, $, %, * etc.
You can use these as Symbol keys by pressing the Shift key along
with the Number key.

Function keys:
There are 12 functions keys from F1 to F12 at the top the
keyboard. Each Function key has a different job to perform.
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Letter keys:
There are (A to Z) 26 letter keys in 3 rows. First row (Q, W, E, R, T,
Y, U, I, O, P) 10 letters. Second row (A, S, D, F, G, H, J, K, L) 9
letters. Third row (Z, X, C, V, B, N, M) 7 letters. These are middle on
keyboard. And used to typing the words.

Shift Key:
Shift Key is used with the other keys for different purpose.
If you press and hold the shift key along with a Letter key, it will type
that letter in capital even when the Caps Lock is turned off.

For examples:
+ a gives A (when the Caps Lock is off).

Also,

+ A gives a (when the Caps Lock is on).

There are some keys on the keyboard which have two symbols or a
number and symbols or a number and a symbol on it.
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To type the upper symbol on you need to press and hold the Shift
key along with the Symbol key.

For examples:
+ 1 Gives !

And

+3 Gives #

Tab Key:
You can press the tab key to move the cursor several spaces
forward at once.

Escape Key:
The short form of Escape key is ESC. It is placed at the top left
corner in most of the keyboards. This key allows us to cancel an
operation.

Computer Keyboard keys Glossary:

Escape key: It allows canceling an operation.

Function key: Each of these key have a different job to perform.
Shift key: It is used with the other key for different purposes.
Symbol keys: These have special signs and symbols.
Tab key: It moves the cursor several spaces forward at once.
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The mouse is a pointing device. You can give input to the computer
with the help of the mouse. More information of computer mouse
About The Computer Mouse information. The mouse is a pointing
device. You can give input to the computer with the help of the
mouse.
 A computer mouse looks like a real mouse.
 It usually has two buttons and a wheel in mouse.
 The mouse is always kept on a mouse pad.

Along with the keyboard if you also learn how to work with a
computer mouse, working on a computer would be easy. Let us
study about various of the mouse.
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Clicking means the pressing and releasing of the mouse buttons. It

takes place after pointing at an item.

Single –Click:
To release the left mouse button after pressing it once is called
single-click. A single-click is for selecting an item.

Double-Click:
To release the left mouse button after pressing it twice quickly is
called double-click. A double –click opens the selected item.

Right – Click:
To Release the right mouse button after pressing it once, a list of
Properties of the selected item.

Computer Mouse Glossary:

Mouse: It is pointing device.
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Clicking: Pressing and releasing the mouse button to make the

computer do some work.
Double-click: To press the left mouse button twice quickly, before
releasing it.
Right-click: To Press the right mouse button once different
purposes.
Single-click: To press the left mouse button once before
purposes.

Joystick:
A joystick makes computer games a lot more fun. When it is moved,
it passes information to the computer.

Microphone:
A microphone is the mike that can be attached to a computer. It
allows you to input sounds like speech and songs into the
computer. You can record your voice with the help of a
microphone .

Web Camera:
A web camera is used to take live photos videos. You can save
them in the computer.
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Scanner:
A Scanner Copies pictures and pages, and turns them into images
that can be saved on a computer.

Processing Device:
All the inputs are stored, sorted, arranged and changed by a
computer. The device that helps a computer do so is called the
processing device. The processing device in a computer is known
as Central Processing Unit (CPU).

Output Devices:
The parts of a computer that help us to show the results of
processing are called out devices. Let us learn about a few output
devices .

Monitor:
A monitor looks like a TV screen. It shows whatever you type on
the keyboard or draw with the mouse.

Printer:
A printer prints the results of your work from the computer screen on
a sheet of paper. This is called a printout
.
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Speakers:
The speakers are the output devices that produce different types of
sounds processed by the computer. You can listen to songs or
speeches stored in the computer with the help of speakers .

Headphone:
You can listen to music or any sound from a computer with the help
of headphones without disturbing others .

Storage Devices:
The parts of a computer which are used for storing data are called.
Storing data are called storage devices. They help in storing any
work done on a computer permanently.

Hard Disk:

Inside the CPU there is a hard disk. It is made up of one or more

metallic disks. It stores a large amount of information.
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Floppy Disk:
A floppy disk stores small amounts small amounts of information. It
works when it is inserted into the floppy drive. The floppy drive is
fixed in the CPU.

Compact Disc (CD):

A CD stores many times more information than a floppy disk. It
works when it is inserted into the CD drive. The CD drive is fixed in
the CPU. Note: Not handling the CD properly may result in loss of
data stored.
Compact disc: It stores information many times more than a floppy disk.
CPU: The processing device in a computer .

Data: It is the information given to the computer.

Electronic machine: It is the machine that runs with the help of
electricity.
Floppy disk: It stores a small amount of information.
Hard disk: It stores a large amount of information .

Headphones: The device for listening to the recorded sounds

without disturbing others.
Input devices: These help us put data into the computer.
Joystick: It is used for playing computer games .

Keyboard: This is used to enter data into the computer system.

Microphone: It is used for recording sound.
Monitor: It shows whatever you type on the keyboard or draw with
the mouse .

Output devices: These help us to show the results of processing .

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Processing device: Helps to store, sort, arrange and change the

inputs on a computer.
Scanner: It copies pictures and pages and turns into images that
can be saved on a computer.
Speakers: These are used for listening to recorded sound.
Storage devices: These are form the memory of the computer.
Web camera: It is used for taking live photos and videos .

Single-User Operating System. A single-user operating system is a type of system that has been developed
and designed to use on a computer. It can be used on a similar device, and it only has one user at a time. ...
An operating system can be used for a variety of tasks and it's a crucial program on a computer.
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Multiprogramming is a rudimentary form of parallel processing in which several programs are run at the same time on
a uniprocessor. ... Instead, the operating system executes part of one program, then part of another, and so on. To
the user it appears that all programs are executing at the same time.

Multitasking, in an operating system, is allowing a user to perform more than one computer task (such as
the operation of an application program) at a time. The operating system is able to keep track of where you are
in these tasks and go from one to the other without losing information.

Multiprocessor Operating System refers to the use of two or more central processing units (CPU) within a single
computer system. These multiple CPUs are in a close communication sharing the computer bus, memory and
other peripheral devices.
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A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an operating system (OS) intended to serve real-time applications that process data as it
comes in, typically without buffer delays.
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