Shree Mahunyal Secondary School

On The Job Training (OJT)PROJECT REPORT

ON
The web project
Submitted for the partial fulfillment of:
Computer Engineering under Technical and Vocational
Stream in Secondary level (Grade-11)

Report on

Submitted By
Name: Anjana kunwar Submitted To
Class:11 Name: Deepak bishwakarma
Acknowledgement
We would like to express our gratitude to all those who gave us the possibility to complete
this project. We want to thank Mahunyal Secondary School for giving us permission to
develop a project in this instance. The development of this project can only be possible by
the support, encouragement, co-operation of our friends, teacher and seniors. We would
also like to express heartfelt thanks for the people who are directly and indirectly part of
this project.
We have to thanks our co-ordinator ER. Deepak Bishowkarma supervisor ER. Dharma Bist,
for their help by providing the essential suggestion, helps and the solution for the problem
during this project development. We want to thank, Chandra Joshi Principal of Mahunyal
Secondary School for her help, support, cooperation and inspiration.
Abstract:
Explore the dynamic world of development with a focus on social media in our On-the-job
Training (OJT). This program delves into the art of creating captivating and interactive
online experience tailored for social platforms. Participants will engage in hands-on
projects,mastering the fusion of web technologies with social media dynamics. From
integrating shareable content to enhancing user engagement, this OJT equips individuals
with the skills to shape a compelling online presence. Embrace the social side of the web
development and learn how to make websites that resonate in the vibrant realm of social
media.
Preface:
OJT (ON The Job Training) is a behavioral practice that enables the students to practically
implement their learning of this initial phase of the TEVT program. As the part of new
system of the education, the government is trying to implement for strengthening the
vocational and technical capabilities of the students, TEVT program has been introduced
throughout the school level education across the country. TEVT program has been
designed as the five years course. Of which four years are allocated for the lectures and
practical session in the school. For the rest of period student are provided with the
opportunity to implement their learning in the practical manner through the means of
internship in various Institute or the project works assigned by the Instructors. The basic
concept of this OJT training provided to the student is to enable the students to explore the
practical uses of the things that they have learned. It is trying to replace more orthodox
ways of learning prevailed in the country with more skill-oriented ones.
 Certificate of Approval
This is the certify that project entitled web development, has been carried and completed
under supervisor by Dharma Bist to the rest of the knowledge and believe, this is the
original work and has not been submitted and used earlier anywhere.
This project is made for the partial fulfilment of the requirement of TEVT for the OJT to be
submitted at the middle of the grade-11.

Supervisor Co-odinator Principal Vice-principal

Er. Dharma Bist Er. Deepak Chandrika Joshi Dhan raj Josh
Bishwokarma
 Table of contents
1. Introduction of web development………………………………………………1
2. Understanding the technologies………………………………………………….2
3. Front-end development……………………………………………………………….3
4. Back-end development………………………………………………………………..4
5. Database management………………………………………………………………..5
6. Version control and collaboration………………………………………………..6
7. Web development tools……………………………………………………………….7
8. Web security best practices………………………………………………………….8
9. Testing and dubbing……………………………………………………………………..9
10. Conclusion and Suggestion……………………………………………………………10
11. Reference……………………………………………………………………………………..11
 Introduction of web development
Web development is the process of creating and maintaining websites or web applications,
encompassing a wide range of tasks that involve designing, coding, and deploying digital content
for the internet. It combines various technologies and programming languages such as HTML, CSS,
and JavaScript to build the visual and interactive elements of a website. Web development also
involves server-side scripting, database management, and the use of frameworks and libraries to
streamline the development process. As the internet continues to evolve, web development plays a
crucial role in shaping the online experience, enabling the creation of dynamic, responsive, and
feature-rich websites that cater to the diverse needs of users across the globe.
 Understanding the technologies

Understanding the technologies in web development requires familiarity with a diverse set
of tools and languages. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) forms the backbone for
structuring web content, while CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is essential for styling and
layout. JavaScript, a dynamic scripting language, adds interactivity and functionality to
websites, running on the client-side. Server-side technologies like PHP, Python, or Node.js
handle tasks on the server, interacting with databases (e.g., MySQL, MongoDB) to retrieve
and store data. Frameworks and libraries such as React, Angular, or Vue.js aid in building
scalable and maintainable front-end applications, while back-end frameworks like Django
or Express simplify server-side development. Additionally, understanding concepts like APIs
(Application Programming Interfaces), HTTP/HTTPS protocols, and version control systems
like Git contribute to a comprehensive grasp of web development technologies. Keeping
abreast of emerging technologies is crucial, as the field is dynamic and continuously
evolving.
 Front-end development

Front-end development refers to the creation and implementation of the visual and interactive
elements of a website or web application that users directly experience. Front-end developers use
a combination of languages such as HTML for structuring content, CSS for styling and layout, and
JavaScript for adding interactivity and dynamic features. They work closely with design teams to
ensure the user interface is visually appealing, responsive, and user-friendly across various devices
and browsers. Front-end development also involves integrating with back-end systems through
APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) to fetch and display data. As technology advances, front-
end developers continually explore and adopt new frameworks, libraries, and tools to enhance the
efficiency and performance of web applications, providing users with a seamless and engaging
online experience.
 Back-end development

Back-end development involves the creation and maintenance of the server-side of a website or
web application. Back-end developers focus on implementing the logic, databases, and server
operations that enable the functionality and data management required by the front-end. They use
server-side languages like PHP, Python, Ruby, or Node.js to handle business logic, process data, and
interact with databases such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, or MongoDB. Back-end developers work to
ensure the seamless flow of information between the server and the front-end, often utilizing
frameworks like Django, Flask, Express, or Ruby on Rails to streamline development. Security,
scalability, and efficiency are paramount concerns, as back-end developers architect robust systems
that support the overall performance and reliability of web applications. Additionally, they may
integrate third-party services, implement APIs (Application Programming Interfaces), and optimize
server infrastructure to enhance the overall functionality and user experience of a web application.
 Database management

Database management involves the systematic organization, storage, retrieval, and manipulation of
data within a computerized system. It encompasses designing database structures, defining
relationships between data entities, and implementing efficient storage mechanisms. Database
management systems (DBMS) such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, or MongoDB facilitate the
management of large volumes of structured and unstructured data. Database administrators play a
crucial role in ensuring data integrity, security, and optimal performance through tasks like data
normalization, indexing, and implementing access controls. The goal of database management is to
provide a reliable and scalable foundation for applications, enabling quick and secure data retrieval
for various business processes. As businesses generate and rely on increasing amounts of data,
effective database management becomes essential for maintaining the integrity and accessibility of
information critical to organizational decision-making and functionality.
 Version control and collaboration

Version control is a crucial aspect of collaboration in software development, enabling teams to

manage and track changes to their codebase efficiently. Through version control systems like Git,
developers can create branches, make modifications, and merge their changes seamlessly. This
allows multiple team members to work on different aspects of a project simultaneously without
conflicting with each other's code. Version control systems maintain a chronological history of
changes, making it easy to roll back to previous states or identify when and by whom specific
modifications were made. This collaborative approach enhances team productivity, as developers
can review, comment on, and contribute to each other's work. Additionally, version control systems
provide a centralized repository, facilitating easier integration of code from various team members.
This collaborative and systematic approach to version control ensures code stability, transparency,
and effective teamwork in software development projects.
 Web development tools

Web development relies on a variety of tools that facilitate the creation, testing, and maintenance
of websites and web applications. Text editors and Integrated Development Environments (IDEs)
such as Visual Studio Code, Sublime Text, or Atom are fundamental for writing and editing code.
Version control systems like Git help manage code changes collaboratively. Web browsers with
developer tools, such as Chrome DevTools or Firefox Developer Edition, assist in debugging and
optimizing front-end code. Frameworks and libraries like React, Angular, or Vue.js streamline front-
end development, while back-end frameworks such as Django, Ruby on Rails, or Express simplify
server-side programming. Task runners (e.g., Grunt, Gulp) and package managers (e.g., npm, Yarn)
automate repetitive tasks and package installations. Testing frameworks (e.g., Jest, Mocha) ensure
code quality. Design tools like Adobe XD or Figma aid in creating and prototyping user interfaces.
Continuous Integration (CI) tools (e.g., Jenkins, Travis CI) automate code integration and testing.
Additionally, tools like Docker simplify deployment by containerizing applications. The web
development tool landscape is dynamic, with new tools emerging regularly to enhance efficiency
and address evolving needs in the development process.
Screenshot
 Web security best practices
Implementing robust web security involves a multifaceted approach. Begin by securing
communication through HTTPS to encrypt data in transit, then enforce strict input validation to
prevent common vulnerabilities like SQL injection and XSS attacks. Prioritize strong authentication
mechanisms, including multi-factor authentication, and carefully manage user sessions with unique
identifiers and proper timeout settings. Regularly update all software dependencies, utilize security
headers, and implement a web application firewall for an additional layer of protection. Be vigilant
in handling file uploads, employing controls for file types and sizes. Customize error messages to
reveal minimal information and log detailed errors on the server side. Conduct regular security
audits, penetration testing, and educate staff on security best practices. Additionally, maintain data
backups and ensure that backup procedures are tested regularly. This comprehensive approach
helps fortify web applications against various threats, safeguarding sensitive data and ensuring a
secure online environment for users.
 Testing and dubbing
Testing and debugging are integral components of the software development lifecycle. Testing
involves systematically evaluating a software system to identify and correct defects, ensuring it
functions as intended. Different types of testing, such as unit testing, integration testing, and user
acceptance testing, contribute to the overall quality assurance process. Testing helps catch issues
early in development, reducing the likelihood of bugs reaching the production environment. On the
other hand, debugging is the process of identifying, isolating, and fixing errors or unexpected
behavior in the code. Developers use debugging tools and techniques to trace the execution flow,
inspect variables, and understand the root cause of issues. The iterative nature of testing and
debugging ensures that software meets specified requirements, functions reliably, and delivers a
positive user experience. These practices enhance the overall reliability, functionality, and
performance of software systems.
 Conclusion and suggestion

In conclusion, successful web development requires a holistic approach that encompasses various
technologies, best practices, and a commitment to security. It is essential to stay updated with the
latest trends, tools, and frameworks in the dynamic field of web development. Regular testing, both
automated and manual, is crucial for identifying and rectifying issues early in the development
process, ensuring a seamless and secure user experience. Collaborative version control, effective
communication within teams, and adherence to coding standards contribute to a more efficient
and scalable development workflow. Prioritizing web security through practices such as HTTPS
implementation, input validation, and regular audits is paramount to safeguarding sensitive data
and maintaining user trust. Continuous learning and adaptation to emerging technologies, coupled
with a focus on user-centric design and functionality, contribute to the long-term success of web
development projects. Ultimately, fostering a culture of innovation, collaboration, and attention to
detail will lead to the creation of robust, reliable, and user-friendly web applications.
 References
https://www.google.com
https://www.youtube.com
https://www.w3schools.com