İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR CONDITIONALS

A conditional clause is a sentence that describes something that happens (Type 0), will
happen (Type 1), maybe would happen (Type 2) or maybe would have happened (Type 3) if
certain terms (conditionals, limitations) had been met.

* Below is a quick study chart for all conditional types:

*There are a few different types of conditionals that you can use that make use of different
tenses.
Zero Conditional (Type 0) :
The zero conditional is used to express general truths, scientific facts, and situations
that are always true. (This is used when the result always happens. In other words, you can

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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

use this conditional for facts or cause and effects, whether what you’re speaking about is a
scientific fact or a fact that’s only true for you.) It is structured with:

If + present simple, present simple.

Examples:

 If the sun sets, it gets dark.

 If people don't exercise regularly, they can become unfit.
 If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils.

First Conditional (Type 1):

The first conditional is used for possible future situations, real events, and their likely
outcomes. (This is used to talk about things that may happen in the future, if a condition is
met. While we can’t predict exactly what happens in the future, the First Conditional allows
us to talk about what we think will happen or what we would like to happen.)

It is structured with:

If + present simple, will +Verb 1

(also must / should /might + Verb 1)

Examples:

 If it rains tomorrow, I will stay indoors.

 If you work hard, you will succeed.
 If they invite me, I will attend the party.

Second Conditional (Type 2):

The second conditional is used for unreal or unlikely present or future situations.

It can be called the “dream clause” because it is used for things that would happen in the
future, but the condition is so unlikely at present, that the result is (basically) a dream! You

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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

can use the Second Conditional to talk about your wildest dreams, for example, or any
“what if” scenarios (situations, conditions). In short, it is used to talk about a situation or a
scenario which is impossible to happen at the time of talking or /and even in the future. This
can also be a hypothetical situation.
It is structured:

If + past simple, would + Verb 1

Examples:

 If I had millions of dollars, I would travel the world. (Now I don’t have such money,
so I can’t travel around the world.)
 If it snowed in July, it would be strange. (It never snows in July)
 If I were you, I would apply for the job.

Third Conditional (Type 3):

The third conditional is used for unreal or hypothetical past situations. It is definitely used for
things happened or didn’t happen in the past. (It talks about something that didn’t happen, but
you’re imagining the outcome now, just. Maybe you regret (feel sorry about something, wish
you had done something else) a decision you made.)

It is structured with:

If + past perfect, would have + Verb 3

Examples:

 If she had known about the traffic, she would have left earlier.
 If we had taken the earlier flight, we wouldn't have missed the meeting.
 If they had studied harder, they would have passed the exam.

EXERCISES

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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

1.Use the verbs in the correct form to make meaningful Second Conditional (TYPE 2)
sentences.
1. If she _____________ (know) the answer, she _____________ (tell) us. Yet she doesn’t
know anything.
2. If I _____________ (have) more time, I _____________ (visit) the museum, but I am too
busy.
3. I _____________ (get) a new job if I_____________ (be) you.
4. If he _____________ (be) younger, he _____________ (travel) more, but he is 85!
5. I_____________ (buy) a Ferrari if I _____________ (win) the lottery.
6. If they _____________ (live) in Norway, they_____________ (be) happier for sure.
7. We _____________ (go) to the beach if it _____________ (not be) rainy today.
8. If I _____________ (be) a rock star, I _____________ (marry) someone famous.
9. If he _____________ (not be) so lazy, he _____________ (finish) the project on time, but
as usual he keeps being a couch potato!
10. I _____________ (lose) some weight if I _____________ (stop) eating too much junk
food.

2.Use the verbs in the correct form to make meaningful Third Conditional (TYPE 3)
sentences.
1. If she _____________ (know) about the traffic, she _____________ (leave) earlier.
2. If they _____________ (study) harder, they _____________ (pass) the exam. Yet, they all
failed.
3. If it _____________ (not rain) yesterday, we _____________ (go) for a picnic.
4. If you _____________ (be) more careful, you _____________ (not break) the vase. It
was a gift from my great grandma.
5. She _____________ (participate) in the marathon if she _____________ (not break) her
leg. Unfortunately, she couldn’t!
6. If I _____________ (not forget) to set the alarm, I _____________ (wake up) on time.
7. I _____________ (bake) a cake if I _____________ (know) that you were coming.
8. If you _____________ (tell) me that it was your birthday, I _____________ (buy) a gift.
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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

9. I _____________ (be) happier if you _____________ (not forget) my birthday.

10. If they _____________ (invite) us, we _____________ (attend) the party.

3.Use the verbs in the correct form to make meaningful conditional sentences (TYPE 2
or TYPE 3) .
1. If I _____________ (be) a movie star, I _____________ (make) a movie with George
Clooney, but I am not one!
2. If I_____________ (install) a security cam system, the thieves _____________ (break)
into my house last night.
3. She _____________ (be) all wet if she _____________ (have) an umbrella with her on the
way to school.
4. If I _____________ (have) your number, I_____________ (call) you, but I don’t have it.
5. The meeting _____________ (not start) so late if everybody _____________ (not be)
late yesterday!
6. If my father _____________ (not wash) my favourite shirt in boiling water, it
_____________ (not shrink), but unfortunately, he did!
7. If I _____________ (eat) meat, it _____________ (be) easier to find a restaurant, but I am
a vegetarian.
8. Your English _____________ (get) better if you _____________ (read) more. Guess who
doesn’t read?
9. If I_____________ (find) a bag full of money on the pavement, I _____________ (give) it
to the police.
10. If I_____________ (go) to that party, I_____________ (meet) Tom Cruise. I missed the
chance!

4.Underline the correct option. (all conditional types)

1. I would read / would have read the letter if I knew / had known it was from you.
2. If Tony doesn't help /didn’t help me in the garden, I won’t finish / wouldn’t finish my
work in time. He is about to be here.
3. George will leave / would leave for New York tomorrow if the weather is / was fine.
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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

4. I have a job interview this week. If I get / got the job, I will take / would take you out to
dinner on Sunday to celebrate.

5. I had no internet connection, so no navigation! Of course, I got lost! If I had / had had a
map, I wouldn’t be / wouldn’t have been lost.

6. If you eat / ate so many sweets, you get / would get sick. This never changes!

7. If you send / had sent the application to the company on time, they might call / would
have called you for an interview. I can't understand why you didn't!

8. If I were / am in your shoes, I will / would apologize to them.

9. If you mix / mixed water and electricity, you get / would get a shock.
10. Take your scooter inside. If you leave / left it outside, someone may steal / would steal
it.

5. Read the sentences and find the mistake with the conditional type and rewrite the
conditional sentences in the correct type. (all conditional types)
Example
* I didn’t study and I failed my exam. If I studied, I would pass my exam.
If I had studied, I wouldn’t have failed my exam. (It must be Type 3, not Type 2)
1. I like this coat, but it is too expensive. If it is cheaper, I will buy it.
__________________________________________________________________________.
2. What would you do if it snowed tomorrow? Do you have any plans?
__________________________________________________________________________.
3. Congratulations! You got the job. They wouldn’t hire you if you didn't have some
experience abroad.

__________________________________________________________________________.
4. I was too busy last weekend. I would come to your party if I weren’t so busy.

__________________________________________________________________________.

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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

5. If Marion changes her hairstyle, she will definitely be much prettier. The problem is
that she hates any kind of changes about her physical appearance.

__________________________________________________________________________.
6. I know that you are still in your senor year and there is no job offer or something . I am just
curious! What will you do if you are offered a job in Canada?

__________________________________________________________________________.

7. Children! If you had kept quiet, I would have told you a story about an elephant and its
invisible friend.

__________________________________________________________________________.
8. If you boiled water, it would evaporate! This is a scientific fact. Why are you in shock?

__________________________________________________________________________.
9. We would understand the professor better if he spoke clearly in yesterday’s class.
__________________________________________________________________________.
10. If Jack had had some money, he would not have got himself into such a dilemma, but
he is in debt!
__________________________________________________________________________.

6. Rewrite these sentences using conditionals: Zero, First, Second or Third

Conditionals.
1. Whenever my child gets a fever, I always take a day off to look after her.
__________________________________________________________________________.

2. You have to leave home in ten minutes; otherwise, you will miss the bus.
__________________________________________________________________________.

3. My mum won’t let me go to the summer camp because my exam grades aren’t good.

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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

__________________________________________________________________________.

4. We didn’t have a barbecue yesterday because the weather was rainy.

__________________________________________________________________________.

5. It’s impossible now, but I hope I will set up my own company when I earn or win one
million dollars.
__________________________________________________________________________.
6. I didn’t buy the car because the bank didn’t give me a loan.
__________________________________________________________________________.

7. You won’t find a good job after university as long as you don’t learn a foreign language.
__________________________________________________________________________.

8. You won’t study abroad for the university as long as you don’t know advanced level of
English.
__________________________________________________________________________.

9. My manager won’t let me have a vacation for four days because there is a lot of work in
the office.
__________________________________________________________________________.

10. We didn’t go shopping because we didn’t have enough time.

__________________________________________________________________________.

11. I didn’t finish the report because I had so many calls at the office.
__________________________________________________________________________.

12. You have to take a taxi; otherwise, you won’t be on time at the meeting.
__________________________________________________________________________.

13. Whenever I have a toothache, I take an aspirin to relieve the pain.

__________________________________________________________________________.
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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

14. Whenever I catch a cold, I drink many glasses of herbal tea to recover immediately.
__________________________________________________________________________.

15. You have to arrive an hour early at the airport; otherwise, you will be late for check-in.
__________________________________________________________________________.

16. My teacher won’t give me a high mark in Maths because my exam results aren’t good.
__________________________________________________________________________.

17. He didn’t come to the cinema with us because he wasn’t interested in the film.
__________________________________________________________________________.

18. It’s just a dream now, but I hope I will travel around the world when I have my own boat.
__________________________________________________________________________.

19. Aron won’t graduate from the university in four years as long as he doesn’t attend his
classes regularly.
__________________________________________________________________________.

20. Pamela won’t find a profitable job as long as she doesn’t have a career in her field.
__________________________________________________________________________.

21. I didn’t take my son to the playground because the weather was cold.
__________________________________________________________________________.

22. It’s impossible, but I hope I will buy a beautiful villa one day after I have a lot of money.
__________________________________________________________________________.

23. I didn’t come to your birthday party because I had a lot of work at the office.
__________________________________________________________________________.

24. Our manager won’t attend the meeting because he is out of the city for a week.
__________________________________________________________________________.

25. Whenever I have a big problem, I stop communicating with people. It never changes.
__________________________________________________________________________.
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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

7. Complete the sentences with your own words: Zero, First, Second or Third
Conditionals.
1. We wouldn’t have been late if _______________________________________________.
2. You would have slept better if _______________________________________________.
3. It is a rewarding job. If I were you, ___________________________________________.
4. If the policeman sees the thief, _______________________________________________.
5. I will stay at home if _______________________________________________________.
6. If you had told me you were vegan, ___________________________________________.
7. If you heat ice, ___________________________________________________________.
8. I am too busy! If I weren’t so busy, ___________________________________________.
9. If I had a chance to be born again, ____________________________________________.
10. I would have left a good tip at the restaurant if _________________________________.
11. If I were a world leader, __________________________________________________.
12. If you smoke, ___________________________________________________________.
13. If I hadn’t lost my wallet, __________________________________________________.
14. My son will cycle to work if _______________________________________________.
15. If our team had played better, ______________________________________________.

ANSWER KEY
1.Use the verbs in the correct form to make meaningful TYPE 2 sentences.
1. If she knew the answer, she would tell us. Yet she doesn’t know anything.

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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

2. If I had more time, I would visit the museum, but I am too busy.
3. I would get a new job if I were you.
4. If he were (was) younger, he would travel more, but he is 85!
5. I would buy a Ferrari if I won the lottery.
6. If they lived in Norway, they would be happier for sure.
7. We would go to the beach if it weren’t / wasn’t rainy today.
8. If I were a rock star, I would marry someone famous.
9. If he weren’t so lazy, he would finish the project on time, but as usual he keeps being a
couch potato!
10. I would lose some weight if I stopped eating too much junk food.

2.Use the verbs in the correct form to make meaningful Third Conditional (TYPE 3)
sentences.
1. If she had known about the traffic, she would have left earlier.
2. If they had studied harder, they would have passed the exam. Yet, they all failed.
3. If it hadn’t rained yesterday, we would have gone for a picnic.
4. If you had been more careful, you wouldn’t have broken the vase. It was a gift from my
great grandma.
5. She would have participated in the marathon if she hadn’t broken her leg.
Unfortunately, she couldn’t!
6. If I hadn’t forgotten to set the alarm, I would have woken up on time.
7. I would have baked a cake if I had known that you were coming.
8. If you had told me that it was your birthday, I would have bought a gift.
9. I would have been happier if you hadn’t forgotten my birthday.
10. If they had invited us, we would have attended the party.

3.Use the verbs in the correct form to make meaningful conditional sentences (TYPE 2
or TYPE 3).
1. If I was a movie star, I would make a movie with George Clooney, but I am not one!

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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

2. If I had installed a security cam system, the thieves wouldn’t have broken into my house
last night.
3. She wouldn’t have been all wet if she had had an umbrella with her on the way to school.
4. If I had your number, I would call you, but I don’t have it.
5. The meeting wouldn’t have started so late if everybody hadn’t been late yesterday!
6. If my father hadn’t washed my favourite shirt in boiling water, it wouldn’t have shrunk.
7. If I ate meat, it would be easier to find a restaurant, but I am a vegetarian.
8. Your English would get better if you read more. Guess who doesn’t read?
9. If I found a bag full of money on the pavement, I would give it to the police.
10. If I hadn't gone to that party, I would have met Tom Cruise. I missed the chance!

4. Underline the correct option. (all conditional types)

1. I would have read the letter if I had known it was from you.
2. If Tony doesn't help me in the garden, I won’t finish my work in time. He is about to be
here.
3. George will leave for New York tomorrow if the weather is fine.

4. If I get the job, I will take you out to dinner on Sunday to celebrate.

5. I had no internet connection, so no navigation! Of course, I got lost! If I had had a map, I
wouldn’t have been lost.

6. If you eat so many sweets, you get sick.

7. If you had sent the application to the company on time, they would have called you for an
interview. I can't understand why you didn't!

8. If I were in your shoes, I would apologize to them.

9. If you mix water and electricity, you get a shock.

10. Take your scooter inside. If you leave it outside, someone may steal it.
5. Read the sentences and find the mistake with the conditional type and rewrite the
conditional sentences in the correct type. (all conditional types)
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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

Example
* I didn’t study and I failed my exam. If I studied, I would pass my exam.
If I had studied, I wouldn’t have failed my exam. (It must be Type 3, not Type 2)

1. I like this coat, but it is too expensive. If it was cheaper, I would buy it.
2. What will you do if it snows tomorrow? Do you have any plans?
3. Congratulations! You got the job. They wouldn’t have hired you if you hadn’t had some
experience abroad.

4. I was too busy last weekend. I would have come to your party if I hadn’t been so busy.

5. If Marion changed her hairstyle, she would definitely be much prettier. The problem
is that she hates any kind of changes about her physical appearance.
6. I know that you are still in your senor year and there is no job offer or something . I am just
curious! What would you do if you were offered a job in Canada?

7. Children! If you keep quiet, I will tell you a story about an elephant and its invisible
friend.

8. If you boil water, it evoparates! This is a scientific fact. Why are you in shock?

9. We would have understood the professor better if he had spoken clearly in yesterday’s
class.
10. If Jack had some money, he would not have got himself into such a dilemma, but he is
in debt!

6. Rewrite these sentences using conditionals: Zero, First, Second or Third

Conditionals.
1. Whenever my child gets a fever, I always take a day off to look after her.
I take a day off if my child gets a fever.
2. You have to leave home in ten minutes; otherwise, you will miss the bus.
If you don’t leave home in ten minutes, you will miss the bus.

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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

3. My mum won’t let me go to the summer camp because my exam grades aren’t good.
If my exam grades were good, my mum would let me go to the summer camp.
4. We didn’t have a barbecue yesterday because the weather was rainy.
If the weather hadn’t been rainy, we would have had a barbecue.
5. It’s impossible now, but I hope I will set up my own company when I earn or win one
million dollars.
I would set up my own company if I earn or win one million dollars.
6. I didn’t buy the car because the bank didn’t give me a loan.
If the company had given me a loan, I would have bought the car.
7. You won’t find a good job after university as long as you don’t learn a foreign language.
If you don’t learn a foreign language, you won’t find a good job after university.
8. You won’t study abroad for the university as long as you don’t know advanced level of
English.
If you don’t know advanced level of English, you won’t study abroad.
9. My manager won’t let me have a vacation for four days because there is a lot of work in
the office.
If there wasn’t a lot of work in the office, my manager would let me have a vacation.
10. We didn’t go shopping because we didn’t have enough time.
If we had had enough time, we would have gone shopping.
11. I didn’t finish the report because I had so many calls at the office.
If I hadn’t had so many calls at the office, I would have finished the report.
12. You have to take a taxi; otherwise, you won’t be on time at the meeting.
If you don’t take a taxi, you won't be on time at the meeting.
13. Whenever I have a toothache, I take an aspirin to relieve the pain.
I take an aspirin if I have a toothache.
14. Whenever I catch a cold, I drink many glasses of herbal tea to recover immediately.
If I catch a cold, I drink many glasses of herbal tea to recover immediately.
15. You have to arrive an hour early at the airport; otherwise, you will be late for check-in.
If you don’t arrive an hour early at the airport, you will be late for check in.
16. My teacher won’t give me a high mark in Maths because my exam results aren’t good.
If my exam results were good, my teacher would give me a high mark in Maths.

17. He didn’t come to the cinema with us because he wasn’t interested in the film.
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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

If he had been interested in the film, he would have come to the cinema with us.
18. It’s just a dream now, but I hope I will travel around the world when I have my own boat.
I would travel around the world if I had a boat.
19. Aron won’t graduate from the university in four years as long as he doesn’t attend his
classes regularly.
Aron won’t graduate from the university if he doesn't attend his classes regularly.
20. Pamela won’t find a profitable job as long as she doesn’t have a career in her field.
Pamela won’t find a profitable job if she doesn’t have a good career in her field.
21. I didn’t take my son to the playground because the weather was cold.
If the weather hadn’t been cold, I would have taken my son to the playground.
22. It’s impossible, but I hope I will buy a beautiful villa one day after I have a lot of money.
If I had a lot of money, I would buy a beautiful villa.
23. I didn’t come to your birthday party because I had a lot of work at the office.
If I hadn’t had a lot of work at the office, I would have come to your birthday party.
24. Our manager won’t attend the meeting because he is out of the city for a week.
If he wasn’t out of the city,he would attend the meeting.
25. Whenever I have a big problem, I stop communicating with people.
If I have a problem, I stop communicating with people.

7. Complete the sentences with your own words: Zero, First, Second or Third
Conditionals.
1. We wouldn’t have been late if we had woken up earlier.
2. You would have slept better if you hadn’t drunk so much coffee.
3. It is a rewarding job. If I were you, I would accept it.
4. If the policeman sees the thief, he will arrest him.
5. I will stay at home if it rains.
6. If you had told me you were vegan, I wouldn’t have cooked meat!
7. If you heat ice, it melts.
8. I am too busy! If I weren’t so busy, I would help you.
9. If I had a chance to be born again, I would never be upset for anything.
10. I would have left a good tip at the restaurant if the waitress were more polite.
11. If I were a world leader, I would make all wars stop.
12. If you smoke, your fingers keep being yellow.

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 İZMİR DEMOCRACY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAMME
2023-2024 FALL TERM
BLUE LEVEL – WEEK 13
STUDY MATERIAL AND EXERCISES FOR
CONDITIONALS

13. If I hadn’t lost my wallet, I would have lent you some money.
14. My son will cycle to work if it doesn’t snow tomorrow.
15. If our team had played better, we would have become the champion!

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