The Open University of Sri Lanka

Faculty of Engineering Technology

Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering

Study Programme : Bachelor of Technology Honours in Engineering

Name of the Examination : Final Examination Model Paper
Course Code and Title : EEX3410 Introduction to Electrical Engineering
Academic Year : 2019/20
Date : ------------------
Time : ------------------
Duration : 3 hours

General Instructions
1. Read all instructions carefully before answering the questions.

2. This question paper consists of Six (6) questions in Eight (8) pages.

3. Answer any Five (5) questions only, including all from Part A and Two (2) from Part B.

4. Answer for each question should commence from a new page.

5. Relevant charts / codes / values are provided.

6. This is a Closed Book Examination.

7. Answers should be in clear handwriting.

8. Do not use red colour pen.

 PART A - Answer all questions.

Q1

a) Sketch the B-H curve of soft magnetic material and explain why the core of transformer is
made of soft magnetic material. [2 marks]

b) Consider an iron ring shown in figure Q1a. Geometrical dimensions of the two parts of the
ring are indicated in the same figure. A coil with 1000 turns is wound on the part A of the
ring. B-H curve of the iron is given in figure Q1b. If the magnetic flux though the iron ring is
0.4 mWb , determine the current through the coil. [7 marks]

Figure Q1a Figure Q1b

c) Suppose an air gap is made in the ring by removing a part of section B. What would happen
to the magnetic flux? Explain your answer. [3 marks]

d) What would happen if a piece of conductor is moved across this air gap? [1 mark]

e) State the name of the law which explain above phenomena. Write the mathematical
expression of this law. [2 marks]

2
Q2
a) R C
In the Circuit of Figure Q2a, it is given that L = 300 mH,
C = 2 µF, and R = 400 Ω. The source delivers a
sinusoidal output.
L
i. The current and voltage of the Capacitor, as measured
e with an ideal multimeter at AC setting, read 10 mA and 5
~ V respectively. Calculate the frequency, and currents
Figure Q2a through the R and L. (16 marks)

ii. Calculate the supply voltage, and express it in the time

domain (in the form e = Vs sin (ωt + φ)). Consider the
voltage across the Capacitor as reference, (2 marks)

iii. Calculate i) power dissipated from the circuit and

ii) its power factor. (4 marks)

iv. Draw a phasor diagram for the circuit, taking the voltage
across the Capacitor as reference. (10 marks)

L R
C
b) To investigate series resonance, you are provided
an inductor L = 100 mH, a capacitor C = 10 µF, a V1 V2 V3
resistor R = 200 Ω, a source of variable frequency
E = 17 sin (ωt) V, and a selection of ideal AC V4

voltmeters (V) and an ideal AC ammeter (A) A

connected as shown in Figure Q2b.
῀E
Figure Q2b

You tune the source E to the series resonance angular frequency ωSO. Based on your
knowledge of resonance calculate /deduce the following values and meter readings:
i. ωSO ii. V1 reading iii. V2 reading iv.V3 reading v. V4 reading vi. A reading
vii. Draw to scale the phasor diagram for the circuit.

C (13 marks)

3
Q3

a)
i. Sketch and identify the behaviour of diode in a circuit using the I-V characteristic
curve. [1 Mark]

ii. The source in the circuit of Figure Q3(a) provides an input e = 6 sin 400t V and the
source E provides 3V. Sketch, relative to the input the graphs of voltages V R and
V D .The diode D may be considered as ideal. [2 Marks]
VR

e D
VD

Figure Q3 (a)
Instructions: you need to draw two different sketches. On each sketch, show the input
using a dotted line. Indicate the values on both axes.

iii. You are given 4 common LEDs of Red, Green, Blue and Yellow colours. Devise a
simple circuit to light up all 4 diodes when they are connected in series. The voltages
needed to light up the LEDs are given as 1.8 V, 2.2 V, 3.5 V and 4.2 V respectively.
Recommended maximum current rating for the diodes is 33 mA.
Draw the circuit and calculate a suitable resistor to construct a circuit to light up
these LEDs simultaneously using a 15 V ideal DC source. [2 Marks]

4
b) A transistor amplifier circuit is shown in Fig. Q3 (b) (i). The output characteristics of the
transistor are shown in Fig. Q3 (b) (ii).

+12 𝑉

𝑅1
𝑅3

𝑅2 𝑣𝑜

𝑣𝑖

Fig.Q3.(b) (i)
𝐼𝑐 (𝑚𝐴)

𝑖𝐵 = 40 𝜇𝐴

𝑖𝐵 = 30 𝜇𝐴
𝑖𝐵 = 20 𝜇𝐴

𝑄1 𝑖𝐵 = 10 𝜇𝐴
𝑄2
𝑖𝐵 = 0 𝜇𝐴
𝑉1 𝑉𝐶𝐸 ( 𝑉)

Fig.Q3.(b) (ii)

i. Select a suitable biasing point for the transistor.

Ii. Find the value of 𝑉1 .

iii. If the biasing point is 𝑄1 , sketch the output waveform 𝑣0 for a sinusoidal input
waveform 𝑣𝑖 .

iv. If the value of 𝑅2 is gradually increased, how would the biasing point vary?

v. Answer b) (iii) if the biasing point is changed to 𝑄2 . [5 Marks]

5
 Part B – Answer any two Questions

Q4

a) Two small spheres, each of mass 2 g, are suspended in

a vacuum by light strings 10 cm in length and a
uniform electric field is applied as shown in Fig Q4.
Ɵ Ɵ
The spheres have charges equal to -5×10-8 C and
+5×10-8 C.
i. Determine the magnitude and direction of the
electric field that enables the spheres to be in - +
equilibrium at an angle of Ɵ = 10o to the
vertical.
Figure Q4
[Use g = 9.8 m/s2, 1/4πεo = 9×109 Nm2/C2] (6 marks)

ii. What happens when the vacuum is filled by a gas with a relative permeability of
2? Explain your answer briefly. (2 marks)

b) Capacitors C1 = 6 μF and C2 = 2 μF are charged as a parallel combination across a 250 V

battery. The capacitors are disconnected from the battery and from each other. They are
then connected positive plate to positive plate and negative plate to negative plate.
i. Calculate the resulting charge on each capacitor. (5 marks)

ii. By how much does the total energy of the system change? (2 marks)

6
Q5

Schematic diagram of a dynamometer type moving coil instrument is shown in figure Q5.

Figure Q5

a) State whether the deflection of dynamometer type moving coil instrument

(ammeter, voltmeter) is linear or nonlinear. [1 mark]

b) Justify your answer. [2 marks]

c) When the two coils of dynamometer type moving coil ammeter are series
connected, the instrument can be used to measure only low range of values. Explain
why. [1 mark]

d) What change should be done to the meter to measure the high range of current?
[2 marks]

e) A dynamometer type moving coil ammeter shows deflection angle of 1000 when 6 A
current flows through it. This ammeter is then used to measure the current of an
unknown load which is connected to 200 V supply. The deflection angle at this
situation is half of the angle when 6 A flows through the coils. Power factor of the
load is unity. The two coils are connected in series.
i. Determine current through the ammeter [3 marks]
ii. Calculate the power of unknown load [1 mark]

f) The dynamometer moving coil instrument can also be used to measure power of a
single-phase load. This is done electrically separating moving and fixed coils. Sketch
schematic diagram of such meter and explain how the power is measured.
[5 marks]

7
Q6

a) List down five major forms of energy available for use in human activities? Give one example
for each form of energy used. [1 mark]
b) Explain briefly why electrical energy is one of most commonly used form of energy. [1 mark]
c) List three differences between renewable energy sources and non-renewable energy
sources. [2 marks]
d) Figure Q6 (a) and (b) shows overview of two different types of power plants. Name each
type of power plant and explain briefly energy conversion process in each type of the plant.
[2 marks]

(a) (b)
Figure Q6

e) Generation, transmission and distribution are three distinct parts of the entire process of
transport of electrical energy to the consumers from the power plants. Explain why the
voltage levels (class of voltage) of transmission and distribution are different and state
transmission and distribution voltage levels as applicable to Sri Lanka. [4 marks]

f) Figure Q6 (c) shows a single line diagram of a simple DC radial system. Determine the
voltages at points A, B, C and D if IA, IB, IC and ID are 10A, 20A, 15A, and 10A respectively.
Length of the line sections are L1 = 50 m, L2 = 25 m, L3 = 40 m and L4 = 30 m. The line
resistance is 0.001 ohm/m and the supply voltage at point O is 230 V.
[5 marks]

A B C D
O
L1 L2 L3 L4

IA IB IC ID

Figure Q6 (c)