EXAMPLE: An RCC column of size 300 mm x 600 m

carries a characteristic load of 800 KN a

its major axis and My = 50 KNm about i
thrust of 60KN along longer side of the
on soil is 200 KN/m2. Design an isolated
shall be M20 concrete and HYSD reinfo
from 1.6m to 5.6m depth is hard yellow
c = 70 kPa, φ = 0° , ϒ = 16 KN/m3, adhes
mm x 600 mm reinforced with 8 no. 28mm dia. bars
of 800 KN and service moments Mx = 80KNm about
KNm about its minor axis.It also carries a horizontal
side of the column. The allowable bearing pressure
n an isolated pad footing. The materials for footing
HYSD reinforcement of grade Fe 415. The soil strata
hard yellow silty clay of high plasticity having cohesion
N/m3, adhesion β = 80 kPa.
 dia. bars
Nm about
orizontal
pressure
footing
oil strata
ng cohesion
 Design of Eccentric footing for a column of a multi-storeyed building
Enter the values in these cells only.
1) Column data
Size of column Shorter a1 350 mm = 0.35 m
Longer a2 350 mm = 0.35 m
Unfactored Load P 691 KN 7 KNm
horizontal thrust along longer side Hy 100 KN 4 KNm
Unfactored BM about major axis Mux 7 KNm y y
Unfactored BM about minor axis Muy 4 KNm
x
2) Soil data
ABP of soil ABP 150 KN/m2
Type of soil silty clay (cohesive)
cohesion c 70 kPa
Adhesion β 80 kPa 691
Angle of internal friction φ 0° 7 KNm
Unit weight of soil ϒsoil 16 KN/m3

3) Concrete data 100 KN

Grade of concrete fck 20 N/mm2 82.92 KN
Grade of steel fy 500 N/mm2 500
Xumax/d 0.48
Clear cover c 50 mm
Assume overall depth of footing D 500 mm = 0.5 m

3) Loads at the base of the footing

Unfactored Load 691 KN
Self weight of footing 82.92 KN
Total unfactored load (including self wt.) P 773.92 KN
Net B.M along longer direction Mux 57 KNm
Net B.M along shorter direction Muy 4 KNm

𝐴=𝑈𝑛𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 /𝐴𝐵

773.92 KN
4) Size of footing 100 57 KNm
Area of footing required A 5.159467 m 2

Hence adopt L 2.3 m such that pmax <ABP and pmin > 0
B 2.3 m

5) Net upward pressures

𝑞 =𝑃_𝑢/𝐴−𝑀_𝑢𝑥/𝑍_𝑥
189.2747 KN/m𝑞2 𝑚𝑎𝑥=𝑃_𝑢/𝐴+𝑀_𝑢𝑥/𝑍_𝑥𝑚𝑖𝑛
For Mx
qmax &
qmin 130.6327 KN/m2

𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥=𝑃_𝑢/𝐴−𝑀_𝑢𝑦/𝑍_𝑦
𝑞 =𝑃_𝑢/𝐴+𝑀_𝑢𝑦/𝑍_𝑦
For My
qmax 162.2685 KN/m2 𝑚𝑎𝑥 &
qmin 157.6389 KN/m2
6) Dimensions and pressure diagram

2.3 m
162.2685 KN/m2
0.975

2.3 0.975
m

157.6389 KN/m2

130.63
189.2747 KN/m2
7) BM at the face of column
For Mux:
0.975 m

1
2
130.63
164.42 189.2747 KN/m2

A1 184.351 mm2 𝑀𝑥=𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒∗𝐶.𝐺

𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒=𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚

A2 212.2242 mm2
C.G 1 0.325 m
C.G 2 0.65325 m

Mx 198.5496 KNm 𝑀𝑥=(𝐴_1∗𝐶.𝐺_1+𝐴_2∗𝐶.𝐺_2)*B

For Muy:
162.27 KN/m2
2
0.975 1
160.31 KN/m2

157.64 KN/m2

A1 179.7431
A2 181.9436
C.G 1 0.325
C.G 2 0.65325

𝑀𝑦=(𝐴_1∗𝐶.𝐺_1+𝐴_2∗𝐶.𝐺_2)*L
My 177.2711 KNm

8) Depth of footing
Qlim 2.75927
dx,req. 176.8778 mm
dy,req. 167.1314 mm
D 500 mm
φx 12 mm
φy 12 mm
dx 444 mm
dy 432 mm

𝑝𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑞=50∗𝑓𝑐𝑘/𝑓𝑦∗{1−√1−4.6∗𝑀𝑢/𝑓𝑐𝑘∗𝑏∗𝑑^2}
9) Reinforcement Calculations
R/F along longer side
pt,req 0.103 %

𝐴𝑠𝑡_𝑟𝑒𝑞=𝑝_𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑞∗𝐵∗𝑑/100
Astreq 1055.812 mm2
Ast,min 1380 mm2
Nreq 12.20807
Nprov. 13
Ast,prov. 1469.52 mm2 OK
c/c spacing 182.3333 mm
clear spacing 170.3333 mm OK

Hence provide13-12mm # along longer direction

 R/F along shorter side
pt,req 0.097 %
Astreq 967.3495 mm2
Ast,min 1380 mm2
β 1

𝐴𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙=2/𝛽+1*Ast
2/(β+1) 1
Ast,central 1380 mm2
Nreq,central 12.20807
Nprov. 13
Ast,provided,central 1469.52 mm2
Ast,corner 0 mm2
Nreq,corner 0
Nprov. 2
Width of central band 2300 mm
width of each corner band 0 mm

Hence provide 13 bars of 12mm dia. In central band and 2 bars of 12mm dia. In corner portion

10) Check for one-way shear

Along longer direction
2.3

444
2.3

0.531
 130.63
175.74 189.27 KN/m2

V 222.8938 KN
τv 0.22 N/mm2
pt,prov 0.14
β 17.14609
τc 0.274736 N/mm2 1
NOTE: The check for one-way shear along shorter direction is not required as the cantilever length is smaller.

11) Check for two way shear

2.3

2.3

1.544 0.756

130.63
170.00 189.27 KN/m2

Avg. depth d 438 mm

Width at crictical section b 788 mm
Upward pressure at d/2 w 179.637 KN/m2
Area of crictical section (trapezoid) 1.091664 m2
Shear at crictical section V 196.1033 KN
τv 0.568178 N/mm2
τc 1.677051 N/mm2 1

𝑅=2∗𝑐∗𝐵∗ℎ+0.5∗𝛾∗ℎ^2∗𝐵+𝛽∗𝐿∗𝐵
12) Factor of safety against sliding
R 588.8 KN

𝐹𝑂𝑆=𝑅/
H 100 KN

𝐻 <1.6
FOS 5.888 OK

13) Detailing drawings

13-12mm # along longer direction

13 - 12mm #

500

0 2.3 0 2.3 m
2.3
 Design of Eccentric footing for uniaxial moment
Enter the values in these cells only.
1) Basic data
Size of column Shorter a1 500 mm = 0.5 m
Longer a2 300 mm = 0.3 m
factored Load Pu 1000 KN
factored BM about major axis Mux 120 KNm 120 KNm
ABP of soil ABP 200 KN/m2
Unit weight of soil ϒsoil 16 KN/m3 y y
Grade of concrete fck 25 N/mm2
Grade of steel fy 415 N/mm2 x
Xumax/d 0.48
Clear cover c 75 mm

2) Size of footing
Unfactored Load 666.6667 KN
Self weight of footing 100 KN
Total unfactored load (including self wt.) P 766.6667 KN/m 𝐴=𝑈𝑛𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 /𝐴𝐵𝑃
Area of footing required A 3.833333 m2

Trial L(m) B(m) A (m2) Zx P/A Mx/Zx pmax pmin

p𝑚𝑎𝑥=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝑥/𝑍_𝑥
1 2.3 2 4.6 1.763333 166.6667 45.36862 212.035 121.3
2 2.45 2 4.9 2.000833 156.4626 39.98334 196.446 116.48

Hence adopt L 2.45 m such that pmax <ABP and pmin > 0 p𝑚𝑖𝑛=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀_𝑥/𝑍_𝑥
B 2m

𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥=𝑃_𝑢/𝐴+𝑀_𝑢𝑥/𝑍_𝑥
3) Net upward pressures
qmax 264.0566 KN/m2
qmin 144.1066 KN/m 𝑞𝑚𝑖𝑛=𝑃_𝑢/𝐴−𝑀_𝑢𝑥/𝑍_𝑥
2

4) Dimensions and pressure diagram

2.45 m

0.85

2 0.975
m
264.06

###
144.11
264.06 KN/m2
5) BM at the face of column
For Mux:
0.975 m

1
2
144.11
211.43 264.0566 KN/m2

A1 103.0699 mm2 𝑀𝑥=𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒∗𝐶.𝐺

A2 128.7276 mm2 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒=𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
C.G 1 0.325 m
C.G 2 0.65325 m

Mx 235.1781 KNm 𝑀𝑥=(𝐴_1∗𝐶.𝐺_1+𝐴_2∗𝐶.𝐺_2)*B

For Muy:
1

1
2
144.11
204.08 264.0566 KN/m2

𝑀𝑦=𝑤∗𝑙_𝑦^2/2*L 𝑤=𝑞_𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟+𝑞_𝑚
My 207.1658 KNm & 𝑎𝑥/2

6) Depth of footing 𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑚=0.36∗𝑥𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥/𝑑∗(1−0.42∗𝑥𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥/𝑑)∗𝑓𝑐𝑘

Qlim 3.449088
dx,req. 184.6423 mm 𝑑𝑥= √𝑀𝑢𝑥/𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑚∗𝐵 𝑑𝑦= √𝑀𝑢𝑦/𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑚∗𝐿
dy,req. 156.5755 mm &
Assume D 500 mm
φx 16 mm
φy 12 mm 𝑑𝑥=𝐷−𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟−∅_𝑥/2

𝑑𝑦=𝑑𝑥−∅_𝑥/2−∅_𝑦/2
dx 417 mm
dy 403 mm
 𝑝𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑞=50∗𝑓𝑐𝑘/𝑓𝑦∗{1−√1−4.6∗𝑀𝑢/𝑓𝑐𝑘∗𝑏∗𝑑^2}
7) Reinforcement Calculations
R/F along longer side
pt,req 0.194 %
Astreq 1614.722 mm2
Ast,min 1200 mm2 𝐴𝑠𝑡_𝑟𝑒𝑞=𝑝_𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑞∗𝐵∗𝑑/100
Nreq 8.035042
Nprov. 9
Ast,prov. 1808.64 mm2 OK
c/c spacing 229.25 mm
c/c spacing provided 220 mm OK
Hence provide 9-16mm # @220mm c/c along longer direction

R/F along shorter side

pt,req 0.148 %
Astreq 1460.357 mm2
Ast,min 1470 mm2
β 1.225

𝐴𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙=2/𝛽+1*Ast
2/(β+1) 0.898876
Ast,central 1321.348 mm2
Nreq,central 11.68921
Nprov. 12

𝐴𝑠𝑡_𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑,𝑐𝑒𝑛
Ast,provided,central 1356.48 mm2
c/c spacing in central band =𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙∗𝐵/
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟
c/c spacing 166.6667 mm
c/c spacing provided 160 mm OK
Ast,corner 148.6517 mm2
Nreq,corner 1.315036
Nprov. 2
Width of central band 2000 mm
width of each corner band 225 mm

Hence provide 12 bars of 12mm dia. In central band and 2 bars of 12mm dia. In corner portion

8) Check for one-way shear

Along longer direction
2.45

417
2

0.658

144.11
231.84 264.06 KN/m2

𝛽= 0.8∗𝑓𝑐𝑘/
V 326.301 KN
6.89∗𝑝𝑡
τv 0.39 N/mm2

𝜏𝑐=0.85∗√0.8∗𝑓𝑐𝑘∗√1+5∗𝛽−1/6∗𝛽
pt,prov 0.22
β 14.22177
τc 0.333741 N/mm2 1
NOTE: The check for one-way shear along shorter direction is not required as the cantilever length is smaller.
 9) Check for two way shear
2.45

1.58 0.87

144.11
221.46 264.06 KN/m2

Avg. depth d 410 mm

Width at crictical section b 910 mm
Upward pressure at d/2 w 242.7594 KN/m2
Area of crictical section (trapezoid) 1.30935 m2
Shear at crictical section V 317.857 KN
τv 0.851935 N/mm2
τc 2.708333 N/mm2 1

10) Detailing drawings

9-16mm # @ 160 mm c/c

12 - 12mm # @160 mm c/c

500 mm

0.225 2 0.225 2.45 m

2.45