Lesson Plan Format 3
Lesson Plan Format 3
I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
A. factor completely different types of polynomials (polynomials with common monomials,
difference of two squares, sum & difference of two cubes, perfect square trinomials, and
general trinomials).
B. solve problems involving factors of polynomials.
III. PROCEDURE
B. INTRODUCTION/REVIEW
The teacher opens the lesson by posing a question
and recalling previous lessons. Asking students
their prior knowledge about polynomials.
Expected Answer:
Guided Questions:
A polynomial is an algebraic expression that consists of
• What is a polynomial? Can you
variables, coefficients, and exponents that are combined
give an example?
using addition, subtraction, and multiplication.
After a student gives an example:
• Can you tell me what are the Expected Answers:
different kinds of polynomial? Monomial, Binomial, Trinomial
• Can you tell me what is the form of
a square of a binomial? Product of Expected Answers:
a Sum and Difference? Cube of a (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 , (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏), (𝑥 + 𝑦)3 , (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)2
Binomial? Square of a Trinomial?
In the past, we are used to expand these different
kinds of expressions to get an answer. For
example, we have (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 = 𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦
Objectives
By the end of this lesson, each one of you should
be able to:
A. factor completely different types of
polynomials and
B. solve problems involving factors of
polynomials.
C. PRESENTATION
The teacher opens the discussion of the topic and
the five sub-topics. Namely, the Common
Monomial Factors, Factors of Difference of
Two Squares, Factors of Perfect Square
Trinomials, Factors of Quadratic Trinomials
and Factors of Sum & Difference of Two
Cubes.
Factoring of Polynomials
Factoring is the reverse process of multiplication
of polynomial. When a number or polynomial is
factored, it is written as a product of two or more
factors.
Example:
8x + 28 = 4 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 𝑥 + 4 ⋅ 7
= 4 (2x + 7)
Guided Questions:
1. What factor is common between the first two
terms? Between the second two terms?
2. What did you notice with the results? Were
they common factors?
Example 2:
14b2, 28b, 35b3
14𝑏2 = 2 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 𝑏 ⋅ 𝑏
28𝑏 = 4 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 𝑏
35𝑏3 = 5 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 𝑏 ⋅ 𝑏 ⋅ 𝑏
Things to Remember for Common
Monomial Factoring:
1. Find the greatest common factor (GCF) of
the terms in the polynomial. This is the first
factor.
2. Divide each term by the GCF to get other
factor.
Expected Answer:
Example 3:
a. 7𝑥 2 − 7𝑦 a. 7(𝑥 2 − 𝑦)
b. 8𝑥 3 − 16𝑥 4 + 48𝑥 7 b. 8𝑥 3 (1 − 2𝑥 + 6𝑥 4 )
c. 9𝑥 4 + 27𝑥 2 𝑦 − 63𝑥 5 𝑦 2 c. 9𝑥 2 (𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 − 7𝑥 3 𝑦 2
d. 16t (s + v) + 40 (s + v) d. 8(s + v) (2t + 5)
(𝑥 + 𝑦)(𝑥 − 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2
Solution:
1. 25m4 – 81n2
Skip step 1 and proceed to step 2:
√25𝑚4 = 5𝑚2
Proceed to step 3:
√81𝑛2 = 9𝑛
Proceed to Step 4:
(5𝑚2 + 9𝑛)(5𝑚2 − 9𝑛)
2. 27b2 – 3bc2
Step 1:
3𝑏(9𝑏4 − 𝑐 2 )
Step 2:
√9𝑏4 = 3𝑏2
Step 3:
√𝑐 2 = 𝑐
Step 4:
3𝑏(3𝑏2 + 𝑐)(3𝑏2 − 𝑐)
3. 243x4 – 48y4
Step 1:
3(81𝑥 4 − 16𝑦 4 )
Step 2:
√81𝑥 4 = 9𝑥 2
Step 3:
√16𝑦 4 = 4𝑦 2
Step 4:
3(9𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 )(9𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 2 )
Therefore, 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 9 = (𝑥 + 3)2
Examples:
Expected Answer:
1. 𝑚4 − 10𝑚2 + 25
1. (𝑚2 − 5)(𝑚2 − 5)
2. 25𝑚2 𝑛6 + 20𝑚𝑛4 + 4𝑛2
2. (5𝑚𝑛3 + 2𝑛)(5𝑚𝑛3 + 2𝑛)
Factors of Quadratic Trinomials
Factoring by Grouping
Factoring by grouping is a method used to
group terms that have a common monomial
factor. This is a four-term polynomial
expression with descending exponent order that
can be grouped into two binomials separated by
a plus or minus sign.
Example:
𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎𝑦 + 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑏𝑦 = (𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎𝑦) + (𝑏𝑥 − 𝑏𝑦)
= 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑦) + 𝑏(𝑥 − 𝑦)
= (𝑥 − 𝑦) + (𝑎 + 𝑏)
Steps:
1. Group the terms that have a common
monomial factor. Sometimes terms must be
rearranged.
2. Factor out the GCF from each group.
Solution:
In x2 – 3x – 18, c = –18 and b = –3
Using the Trial-And-Error method, find the
factors of c whose sum equals the coefficient b.
Factors of -18 Sum of the factors
(1) (–18) 1 + (−18) = −17
(2) (–9) 2 + (−9) = −7
(3) (–6) 3 + (−6) = −3
(6) (–3) 6 + (−3) = 3
(9) (–2) 9 + (−2) = 7
(18) (–1) 18 + (−1) = 17
b. 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 6
Factors of -6 Sum of the factors
(1) (–6) 1 + (−6) = −5
(2) (–3) 2 + (−3) = −1
(3) (–2) 3 + (−2) = 1
(6) (–1) 6 + (−1) = 5
Solution:
a = 8x2
b = 14x
c=3
𝑎 ∙ 𝑐 = 24𝑥 2
Factor of 24:
±1, ±2, ±3, ±4, ±6, ±8, ±12, ±24
Example:
1. 8 – m3
Solution:
Step 1: Get the cube of the first term
3
√8 = 2
Step 2: Get the cube of the last term
3
√−𝑚3 = −𝑚
Step 3: Express as a binomial
(2 − 𝑚)
Trinomial Factor:
(2 − 𝑚)[22 + (2)(𝑚) + (−𝑚)2 ]
(2 − 𝑚)(4 + 2𝑚 − 𝑚2 )
D. GUIDED PRACTICE
At this section, in between the discussion of
each technique, the teacher will provide
more examples to the students.
Set 1
1. 21𝑏 + 63𝑏2
2. 𝑢3 + 2𝑢2 + 𝑢 + 2
3. 12 − 75𝑢6
4. 20𝑤 4 − 405𝑘3
5. 12𝑘 + 60𝑘 2 + 75𝑘 3
6. 49𝑚2 − 56𝑚 + 16
7. 25𝑒 4 − 30𝑒 2 𝑓 + 9𝑓 2
8. 187𝑥 + 765
9. 368𝑥 + 552
10. 𝑎3 + 2𝑎2 − 𝑎 − 2
Set 2
11. 𝑥 6 − 64𝑦 12
12. 𝑥 3 − 8𝑦 3 − 6𝑦 2 + 3𝑥𝑦
13. 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 3 − 64
14. 10𝑤 2 − 29𝑤 − 3
15. 11𝑥 2 − 85𝑥𝑦 − 24𝑦 2
16. 21𝑏 + 63𝑏2
17. 144𝑟 2 − 49𝑠 4
18. 𝑛4 + 10𝑛2 𝑝 + 25𝑝2
19. 9𝑣 2 + 71𝑣 − 8
20. 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑦 3
F. FEEDBACK/APPLICATION
In this section, the learners make use of the
concepts, skills, and principles learned and apply
it to real life situations independently.
t t
t
t 8 meters
Page 6 – No. 11
Page 11 – No. 23
Page 17 – No. 33
Page 27 – No. 31
Page 32 – No. 31
On the second day, the teacher will need to
inform students to study what we have
discussed. Practice with the different examples
found in the book and be ready for the long
quiz tomorrow.
IV. ASSESSMENT/EVALUATION
Long Quiz
A B
III. Factor each polynomials. Write prime if it is not factorable. Check your answer.
4. 𝑥 2 − 13𝑥 − 40
5. 𝑦 2 − 16𝑦 + 64
6. 6𝑧 2 + 17𝑧 + 5
7. 54𝑛21 − 2
8. 196 − 𝑦 2
9. 𝑎2 − 6𝑎𝑏 + 9𝑏2 − 25
1. Wilma is planning a rectangular garden in which the width will be 12 feet less than its length.
She has decided to put a birdbath within the garden, occupying a space 8 feet by 4 feet. How many
square feet are now left for planting? Express the answer in factored form.
2. The area of a rectangle is (16𝑚2 + 4𝑚) square feet. If the width is 4m feet, find the length.
3.Find the area of the shaded region if the length of the side of the larger square is (x + 3)
centimeters and the length of the side of the smaller square is (x – 3) centimeters.
4. Wilma is planning a rectangular garden in which the width will be 5 feet less than its length. She
has decided to put a birdbath within the garden, occupying a space 4 feet by 6 feet. How many
square feet are now left for planting? Express the answer in factored form.
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