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35.Hormonal Control of Reproductive Cycle

The document outlines the hormonal control of the menstrual cycle, detailing the roles of FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone in regulating ovulation and uterine lining preparation. It also discusses the implications of hormonal interactions in fertility treatments and contraceptives, including the use of synthetic hormones to prevent ovulation or support pregnancy. Additionally, it highlights the use of fertility drugs and IVF as methods to treat infertility.

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Henry Law
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26 views

35.Hormonal Control of Reproductive Cycle

The document outlines the hormonal control of the menstrual cycle, detailing the roles of FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone in regulating ovulation and uterine lining preparation. It also discusses the implications of hormonal interactions in fertility treatments and contraceptives, including the use of synthetic hormones to prevent ovulation or support pregnancy. Additionally, it highlights the use of fertility drugs and IVF as methods to treat infertility.

Uploaded by

Henry Law
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hormonal control of reproductive cycle

A. Major hormone involve in menstrual cycle


 FSH
 secrete from pituitary gland
 stimulate follicle 卵泡 development in ovary
 stimulate oestrogen 雌激素 secretion from follicle

 LH
 secret from pituitary gland
 trigger ovulation
 stimulate ruptured 破裂 follicle develop to yellow body
 stimulate yellow body secret oestrogen & progesterone 黃體激素

 oestrogen
 secret from follicle & yellow body in ovary
 cause uterine lining thicken (no matter high / low lv)
 increasing but still low oestrogen lv
→ inhibit FSH secretion during early menstrual cycle phase
 high lv → stimulate FSH & LH secretion

 progesterone
 maintain uterine lining thickness
 high lv → inhibit FSH & LH secretion

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B. Hormone interaction in menstrual cycle
 before ovulation

1) menstrual cycle beginning


 thickened uterine lining break down & menstruation occur
 pituitary gland start secret ↑ FSH

2) follicle development
 FSH follicle cell → secret ↑ oestrogen
increasing but still low oestrogen lv effect
 thicken uterine lining → prepare embryo implantation
 inhibit FSH secrete (-ve feedback)
→ prevent other follicle mature

3) oestrogen reach peak just before ovulation


 high oestrogen lv cause sudden FSH & LH release (+ve feedback)
 FSH & LH peak occur just after oestrogen peak
 high LH lv → trigger ovulation (occur in day 14)

 after ovulation
4) after ovulation
 high LH lv → stimulate ruptured 破裂 follicle develop to yellow body (or
corpus luteum 黃體)
 yellow body secret many progesterone & oestrogen
→ oestrogen lv ↑ again + progesterone lv reach peak
 high progesterone lv (tgt with oestrogen)
 maintain uterine lining thickness
 inhibit FSH & LH secretion (ie –ve feedback)
→ no follicle mature + no ovulation

5) FSH & LH lv ↓
 yellow degenerate 退化 at day 24
 ∵ yellow degenerate → oestrogen & progesterone lv ↓
→ thickened uterine lining break down
 ∵ oestrogen & progesterone inhibit FSH effect removed
→ pituitary gland secrete ↑ FSH + new cycle begin

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C. If ovum fertilized
 zygote divide repeatedly & form embryo
→ embryo move to uterus & implant to uterine lining

 membrane around embryo secret HCG (= hormone)

 HCG
 like LH → prevent yellow body degeneration
→ yellow body continue secrete progesterone for pregnancy
→ cause uterine lignin remain thick for embryo develop

 placenta fully developed


→ yellow body degenerate & placenta secrete oestrogen & progesterone
 high oestrogen & progesterone lv
 maintain uterine lining thickness
 inhibit FSH & LH → no follicle mature + no ovulation

D. How hormone used as contraceptive?


 synthetic 合成 oestrogen & progesterone present in contraceptive pill
 high oestrogen & progesterone lv
 inhibit FSH & LH → no follicle mature + no ovulation
→ no ova release to oviduct for fertilization

E. Remarks
 contraceptive pill
 contain synthetic progesterone / synthetic oestrogen & progesterone (= combined pill)

 emergency contraceptive pill


 = EC pill / morning after pill
 contain high synthetic progesterone / synthetic oestrogen & progesterone dose
→ prevent ovulation & embryo implantation

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F. Synthetic hormone used in fertility drug to treat infertility
 synthetic FSH / LH / progesterone use in fertility drug 生育藥
 FSH promote follicle develop
 LH stimulate ovulation
 progesterone maintain uterine lining thickness

G. Remarks
 infertility
 male
 low sperm count
 poor sperm motility 運動性
 sperm structure defect
 female
 ova fail mature / release from ovary
 oviduct blocked
 uterus not allow embryo implant

 fertility deug
 ova fail mature → use synthetic FSH
 ova fail release from ovary → use synthetic LH
 uterus not allow embryo implant → use synthetic progesterone

 fertility drug likely have multiple birth


 ∵ stimulate some follicles mature same time → > 1 ovum release from ovary

 IVF (in vitro 體外 fertilization)


 woman inject synthetic FSH & LH
→ FSH promote several follicles develop + LH stimulate ovulation
→ more ova collected
 several embryo formed from fertilization outside body & transfer back to uterus
∴ ↑ success implantation chance

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