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1- What is well completion (1)

Well completion is a critical procedure that connects the reservoir to surface production, enabling efficient hydrocarbon recovery. It involves a series of processes including running production casing, perforation, and stimulation to ensure safe and effective production. Formation evaluation tests, such as Drill Stem Tests, are conducted to assess the viability of the well before proceeding with completion.

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10 views

1- What is well completion (1)

Well completion is a critical procedure that connects the reservoir to surface production, enabling efficient hydrocarbon recovery. It involves a series of processes including running production casing, perforation, and stimulation to ensure safe and effective production. Formation evaluation tests, such as Drill Stem Tests, are conducted to assess the viability of the well before proceeding with completion.

Uploaded by

sanawansa2002
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERING


COURSE NAME: WELL COMPLETION AND WORKOVER
SPRING SEMESTER
3RD ACADEMIC YEAR

What is Well Completion


PRESENTED BY ENG. JAMIL MAHFOUD

1
What is well completion?

For geologists and drilling engineers, it is necessary for:


• Knowing where to drill
• Knowing how to drill safely and efficiently
For production and reservoir engineers, to maximize the recovery of
hydrocarbons in a producing well, it is necessary for:
• An efficient production practices
• A strategic reservoir engineering plan
However, between the drilling and the producing, there is a critical
operation that determine the success or failure of a well. THIS IS
KNOWN AS WELL COMPLETION PROCEDURE.

2
What is well completion?

Therefore well completion is considered as a bridge between


the reservoir and surface production where it creates a
pathway for hydrocarbons to reach the surface.
For a completion engineer:
His/her role is to convert a well that has been drilled into a safe
and efficient production conduit through series of processes
such as running and cementing production casing,
perforation, stimulation, the installation of tubing, packers,
gravel packed, Christmas tree and others.
→ To sum up, well completion is a major procedure to
increase the value of a well over its lifetime by safely and
efficiently producing its oil and gas according to government
regulations and company safety policies.
3
Formation evaluation

Once zone of interest is located through drilling, IT IS NOT


CASED!!!
→ We basically have an OPEN HOLE
A series of formation evaluation tests occur in the open hole area
where:
Lithology or the physical characteristics of rocks, Permeability,
Porosity, Reservoir thickness, Fluid saturations levels are identified.
DST or Drill Stem Test is a common test done for isolating a
geological formation and testing its pressure, permeability and
production capacity in order to determine whether this well is
commercially viable for well completion or it’s a dry hole that
should be cemented and closed.

4
DST Tools

Open Close
valve valve

5
Typical Pressure chart

At the surface, the pressure recording device is taken from the tool
string and an analysis of the pressure buildup and drawdown
periods is made:
A-B: represents the buildup of hydrostatic pressure as the test
tools run into the hole
B-C: Tool is open
C-D: Initial Flow Period (5-10 min)
D-E: Initial Shut in Period (30-60 min)
E-F: Tool opens again
F-G: Final Flow Period (60-180 min)
At G Shut in takes place and Final Build up period is from G-H
At H packer is released and the hydrostatic pressure caused by the
mud column is observed From H-I
I-J: The tools set is brought to the surface
6
Pressure charts Interpretation

• DST Pressure charts can determine the type of formation permeability:


A: Characterized by Low Pressure increase during flow, small fluid recovery and low flowing pressures
B: Characterized by moderate fluid recovery and increasing pressure from one flow period to the next
C: Characterized by high flow rate, high flowing pressures and rapid stabilization
• DST also can determine whether the zone being tested is large or small:
If ΔP is high then the reservoir extent is limited and retesting is a must!

7
Production casing

Once DST Data confirms the existence of sufficient quantity of


hydrocarbons in the well, the first step in well completion occurs by
running the production casing.
Production casing is long string set through producing zones and
cemented ensuring that is tied to the string above so there is a
continuous sheaths of pipe and cement from bottom to top.
Production casing is considered as the last casing in the well.
In some cases, a liner is installed where unlike casing strings, liners
do not extend all the way to the surface but are hung from the
bottom of the previous casing.

Standard procedures to run the production casing and close an open hole:
1. Drive the production casing pipe to be the bottom of the hole
2. Pour concrete into the annulus space in order to permanently set the production casing in the well
8
Casing and Cementing equipment

With rounded base, the guide shoe is attached at the bottom of the casing string. It runs and
guide the casing string inside the hole in order to prevent the casing from sticking and to
overcome any possible ledges or irregularities in the hole.
The outer part of the shoe is made from steel, however the inner part of it is made of
drillable material like cement or thermoplastic.
9
Casing and Cementing equipment

Float valve usually sits in the float shoe or in a float collar located in a joint
or two above the shoe.
Functions of float valve:
• Prevents the backflow of fluid, mud and cement into the drill pipe
• Provides buoyancy to the pipe which decrease its load on the top joint
of the pipe and the derrick itself

How it works?
Inside the float valve, there is a ball and a seat type valve that keeps the pipe closed while running
the casing. This is done by pushing the ball to sit on the seat valve due to the buoyancy force applied
by the formation fluids. However, this valve opens while pumping cement in.

10
Full Equipment Set

Guide shoe, Float valve, Scratchers


and Centralizers are the essential
pieces of equipment used in the
preparation the well for cementing

11
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

12

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