ARAVALI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

PREBOARD-1 (2024-25)
GRADE - XII
SUBJECT-PSYCHOLOGY
DATE- 26-12-2024
Time – 3 Hours M.M :-70
Name: ___________________ Roll No: _____________ Teacher’s signature________________
General instructions
 All questions are compulsory except where internal choice has been given.
 Question Nos. 1 -15 in Section A carry 1 mark each. You are expected to answer them as directed.
 Question Nos. 15-19 in Section B are very short answer type-I questions carrying 2 marks each.
Answer to each question should not exceed 30 words.
 Question Nos. 20-23 in Section C are short answer type-II questions carrying 3 marks each. Answer
to each question should not exceed 60 words.
 Question Nos. 24- 27 in Section D are long answer type questions carrying 4 marks each. Answer to
each question should not exceed 120 words.
 Question Nos. 28-29 in Section E are long answer type questions carrying 6 marks each. Answer to
each question should not exceed 200 words.
 Question Nos. 30-33 in Section F are based on two cases given. Answer to each one- mark
question should not exceed 20 words. Answer to each two-mark question should not exceed 30
words.
SECTION A (1X14=14)
1. Meena denies the seriousness of completing her work in the office by talking to her friend on the
phone. Which of the following strategy is she using?
a) Task-oriented strategy c) Avoidance-oriented strategy
b) Emotion-oriented strategy d) Problem-focused strategy

2. Formal assessment is objective, standardized and organized. Based on this information, choose
the statements which are true for formal assessment.
i) Formal assessment uses systematic testing procedures.
ii) It is always open to subjective interpretations.
iii) Based on the assessment, predictions about behavior can be made.
iv) It varies from case to case and from one assessor to another.
a) ii, iii c) i, iii
b) i, ii d) ii, iv

3. Anna's application for admission to the college of her choice got rejected. When talking about the
admission to the college with others, she tells everyone that she was never interested in studying in
that college. Identify the defence mechanism used by Anna.
a) Repression c) Denial
b) Reaction formation d) Rationalization

4. Sahira has joined a medical college and is overwhelmed by the syllabus out there. Her mother often
complains about Sahira’s mood swings erratic behavior and decrease confidence. What is this effect
of stress that Sahira is experiencing?
a) Physiological c) Cognitive
b) Emotional d) Behavioural
OR
Ritik uses imagery and imagination to reduce his stress levels. Identify the technique being used by
Ritik.
a) Relaxed visualization c) Creative visualization
b) Meditation d) Imagination and relaxation
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 In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason
(R). Read the statements and choose the correct option.

5. Assertion (A): Psychological Stress is the stress that we generate for ourselves in our minds.
Reason (R): These psychological stresses do not have any impact on our physiological being.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true

6. While passing through the streets on her way to the office every day, Jaya feels people are spying
on her and the police are chasing her. Identify the type of delusion Jaya is experiencing.
a) Persecution c) Reference
b) Control d) Grandeur

7. Sonali spends hours reading about her favorite actor. She is preoccupied with thinking and
researching about him and when asked to study she gets violent. To diagnose her disorder, a clinical
psychologist would need to know:
a) The number of hours she spends studying about the actor each day.
b) The percentage of the population sharing her interest in the actor.
c) Whether friends and family members share her interest in the actor.
d) Whether she is dysfunctional and showing signs of distress.

8. Which of the following statements are true about the diathesis stress model?
i) A vulnerability factor and the presence of a pathogenic stressor results in psychological disorder.
ii) The presence of biological aberration is enough to develop a psychological disorder.
iii) The presence of only pathogenic stressors may lead to psychopathology.
iv) The diathesis and the stressor lead to the development of a psychological disorder.
a) i and ii c) iii and iv
b) ii and iii d) i and iv

9. Harpreet’s mother ignores her when she throws tantrums if asked to keep her room tidy. However,
she appreciates Harpreet when she arranges her toys after playtime. The method being used is
__________________.
a) positive reinforcement c) differential reinforcement
b) negative reinforcement d) modelling

10. The centrality of an attitude reflects:

a) A person’s degree of negative or positive feelings about an object.
b) Whether an attitude is negative or negative towards an attitude object.
c) The extent to which an attitude would influence the other attitudes in the system.
d) The attitude’s resistance to change.

11. Sachin believes that one should always speak the truth. This is an example of:
a) Belief c) Value
b) Cognition d) Stereotype

In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason
(R). Read the statements and choose the correct option.

12. Assertion (A): According to Balance theory, two elements of an attitude system must be in the same
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 direction.
Reason (R): An attitude system requires logical consistency else it will lead to ‘mental discomfort’.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true

13. Akhil caught His employees. Taking bribes. Akhil’s staff supported his decision to terminate the
services of his employee. This extreme action could be taken because of _________________.
a) Group polarisation c) Social loafing
b) Storming d) Social facilitation

14. Which of the following is not a feature of a formal group?

a) Functions are stated explicitly and formally.
b) Formation is based on rules and laws.
c) There is a close relationship among members.
d) Members have definite roles.

SECTION – B (2X5=10)
15. The phenomena of student-teacher interaction in a classroom can be easily studied by
psychologists. Critically evaluate the assessment method that will be used here.

16. ‘Self-esteem shows a strong relationship with our everyday behavior’. Justify this statement with the
help of an example.
OR
Punit is administering a self-report measure to his client for career guidance. Explain the self-report
measure he is most likely to use. State the reasons for the same and the characteristics of his theory.

17. Ramesh is admitted to a rehabilitation center for alcohol addiction. His treatment includes giving him
a mild electric shock every time he is made to smell the alcohol. Name and describe the therapy
being used.

18. Imagine the following situation:

‘You auditioned for the school play but did not get selected’.
Using Ellis’ framework, suggest two contrasting interpretations and their consequences.

19. Shantanu never paid heed to his mother's advice of doing physical exercise daily in the morning. But
one day when he saw his favourite cricketer advocating the importance of regular exercise, he
started exercising daily. Identify the characteristics of the source that brought about the attitude
change.

SECTION C (3X4=12)
20. Zarin is high in the ability to think analytically and performs well in academics. With respect to
Sternberg's theory, which type of intelligence does Zarin possess? Explain this type of intelligence.

21. How does an individual with a stress resistant personality cope with demands of everyday life? Give
examples to support your viewpoint.
OR
Many ailments like hypertension, ulcers, etc could be stress related. To prevent this from happening,
we need to be aware about stress management techniques. Explain any three of these techniques.

22. Do you think that complaints and worries of physical symptoms may occur without any biological
cause? What are the symptoms related to this and its related condition?

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23. Angel, a psychologist, is analyzing the intelligence course of the children. She notices that the
children from rural areas scored significantly lower than the children from urban areas. What do you
think would have influenced the results of intelligent tests explained? How she can overcome it?
SECTION – D (4X4=16)
24. Mohit understands the motives, feelings and behaviors of other people and can develop a comfortable
relationship with them. He also likes to travel as he recognizes the beauty of different species of flora
and fauna. Identify the types of intelligence that Mohit possesses in accordance with Gardener’s
theory. From the information provided about Mohit, explain any other two types of intelligence that
Mohit may not be possessing.

25. Nariman is trying to lose weight. During the festivities, he made sure not to eat his favorite desserts.
Identify and explain the aspect of self that Nariman is exhibiting. Suggest some of the techniques he
can apply to further achieve his goal.

26. Can one transform the therapeutic relationship into a healing relationship by understanding the plight
of others? If yes or no, explain?

27. Four friends are working together to develop a plan for their new start-up. After some initial conflict,
the group started to work together and became unified. Now the group is very productive and the
group goal is in the process of being achieved. Identify the stage of group formation that the group
has presently reached. Explain the stages that the group has passed through to reach the present
stage.
OR
A group of 20 students was asked to complete the task of decorating the classroom boards.
However, it was brought to the notice of the teacher that not everyone was participating and putting
in effort. Identify and explain the phenomenon being described above and give reasons why this
occurs.

SECTION E (6X2=12)
28. Differentiate between type and trait approaches to personality. Explain any four type theories in
detail.
OR
Enumerate the structure of personality with respect to Freud’s theory of personality?

29. What are the common features of neurodevelopmental disorders? Describe any three
neurodevelopmental disorders.
OR
Describe the different psychological models used to explain mental disorders.

SECTION F
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
'My story about work-related stress'
Looking back on my life, I recognize that I have always struggled with anxiety. In relationships,
friendships or at work.
However, I misunderstood those feelings for a long time, thinking that my hyper vigilance was a
positive thing which made me more productive and in-tune with others. I remember a badge I bought
for myself in my early 20s which I had on my desk at work. It said “I thrive on stress. Please hassle
me.”
I was always on the go, feeling like I had an edge that motivated me. The truth was that I felt anxious
almost all the time.
I worked in the same organization for over 20 years. I loved managing my small team of staff and
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 felt that I thrived on the stress of work. I was in a job which I perceived to be rewarding and stressful
in equal measure. I was the problem solver, the one to volunteer for any task. I worked extra hours
and felt a great sense of responsibility in my role.
However, in early 2012, I began to struggle to manage the stress of my job. Thoughts and worries
about work seeped into every part of my life. I would wake up at night with palpitations, worrying
about a task I had not completed, or trying to remember if I had sent an urgent email. I found that my
mind wandered to work whilst I was spending time with my family. I withdrew from friends as I didn’t
have the headspace to switch off and relax.
(https://dorsetmind.uk/blog/my-story-about-work-related-stress/)

30. “I thrive on stress. Please hassle me.” Explain the type of stress being referred to here. 1

31. “Thoughts and worries about work seeped into every part of my life. I would wake up at night with
palpitations, worrying about a task I had not completed, or trying to remember if I had sent an urgent
email. I found that my mind wandered to work whilst I was spending time with my family.” Suggest
and explain two stress management techniques that the writer could use.
2

Read the case and answer the questions that follow.

The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high
expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations
can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study
and having tested all the children’s IQ, the researchers selected a sample of children at random. He
informed the teachers that these were children of high academic potential. Following the test, the
teachers were given the names of the ‘intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the
end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so
called ‘intellectual bloomers’ had improved the most because of the teachers' efforts and the
attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had
an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in
the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be
applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they
subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs.

32. Identify and explain the source of prejudice which leads students to perform poorly. 1

33. Explain the cognitive and behavioral components of the teachers’ attitude towards the
‘intellectual bloomers’ in the Rosenthal study. 2

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