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IMPORTANT (MOST FREQUENTLY ASKED/EXPECTED) QUESTIONS:

CHAPTER – 1 : ELECTRICAL CHARGES AND FIELDS
1. State and explain Coulomb's Law. Give the vector form of Coulomb's Law.
2. Define SI unit of charge (OR Define coulomb).
3. (a) Give any three properties of electric charge. (b) Give any three properties of electric field lines.
4. Define electric field. Give its SI unit and dimensional formula.
5. Define electric flux. Give its SI unit and dimensional formula.
6. When will be the flux is (i) maximum (ii) minimum through a surface?
7. (i) What is an electric dipole? (ii) Define electric dipole moment. Give its SI unit and dimensional formula.
8. Derive the expression for torque on an electric dipole placed in a uniform external electric field.
9. Derive the expression of electric field due to a dipole at any point on its axis (axial point).
10. Derive the expression of electric field due to a dipole at any point on its equatorial plane.
11. Sketch the electric field lines for a (a) negative point charge [Q< 0] (b) positive point charge [Q> 0] (c) dipole.
12.Define the following and give their SI units
(a) Linear charge density (ii) Surface charge density (iii) Volume charge density.
13.State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. Using Gauss’s law in electrostatics, obtain the expression for electric field due
to infinitely long straight charged wire.
14. Using Gauss’s law, obtain the expression for electric field due to an infinitely large charged plane sheet.
15.State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. Using Gauss’s law in electrostatics, obtain the expression for electric field due
to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell at a point. (i) Outside the shell and (ii) Inside the shell
CHAPTER – 2 : ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE
16.Define equipotential surface. Give an example. Mention the two properties of equipotential surface.
17.Draw the equipotential surfaces for (i) a point charge and (ii) uniform electric field(E).
18. Distinguish between polar and non-polar molecules. Give two examples to polar and non-polar molecules each.
19. Establish a relation between electric field and electric potential. OR Derive/Obtain: E = – dV/dl OR E = – dV/dr
20. Define electrostatic potential. Derive the expression for electric potential due to an isolated point charge.
21. Derive the expression for potential energy of a system of two charges in the absence of external electric field.
22. Derive the expression for capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with air as medium between the plate.
23.Name the three factors on which capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor depends.
24. Obtain the expression for effective capacitance of two capacitors when connected in (a) series (b) parallel.
25. Write the expression for the energy stored in a charged capacitor and explain the terms.
CHAPTER – 3 : CURRENT ELECTRICITY
26.Mention two factors on which resistance of a conductor depends.
27.How does resistance of a conductor vary with its length? How does resistance of a conductor vary with its area of cross section?
28.(a) State and explain Ohm’s law. (b) Write three limitations of Ohm’s law.
29.Derive the relation ⃗𝐣 = 𝛔𝐄 ⃗⃗ where terms have usual menaning.
30. (a) Define resistance and give its SI unit. (b) Define resistivity. Write the SI unit of resistivity.
31.Show the variation of resistivity of (i) conductors (ii) semiconductors (iii) nichrome with temperature graphically.
32. State and explain Kirchhoff’s laws/rules. What is the significance of Kirchhoff’s (i) junction rule (ii) loop rule?
𝒏𝒆𝟐 𝝉
33.Derive the expression for conductivity: 𝝈 = ; Where the symbols have their usual meaning.
𝒎
34. Define mobility. Give its SI unit and dimensional formula.
35. Define drift velocity/speed and relaxation time. Derive the expression for drift velocity.
36.Define the terms emf, terminal potential difference and internal resistance of a cell.
37.Derive the expression for current through an external resistor of resistance R, when it is connected across a cell
of emf – ε and internal resistance – r.
38.Two cells of emf E1 and E2 and internal resistance r1 and r2 are connected in series such that they send current in
same direction. Derive an expression for equivalent internal resistance and equivalent emf of the combination.
39.Two cells of emf E1 and E2 and internal resistance r1 and r2 are connected in parallel such that they send current in
same direction. Derive an expression for equivalent internal resistance and equivalent emf of the combination.
40.Derive an expression for the balancing condition of Wheatstone’s bridge.

Important Questions: II PUC PHYSICS SHREENIVASA M BHAT GPUC KARWAR:9964073075, 7019837196

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CHAPTER – 4 : MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

41.Write the expression for magnetic force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic field. Hence define “tesla”
42.When will the magnetic forces on a moving charge be the (i) maximum (ii) minimum in a magnetic field?
43.Derive the expression for magnetic force on a current carrying conductor: 𝐅⃗ = 𝐈(𝒍⃗ × 𝐁
⃗⃗⃗ )
44. What is Lorentz force? Write the expression for Lorentz force.
45. A negatively charged particle enters a uniform magnetic field normal to the direction of magnetic field. What is
the nature of the path traced by it? [Ans.: Circular]
46.A positively charged particle enters a uniform magnetic field along the direction of magnetic field. What is the
nature of the path traced by it? [Ans.: Straight line or linear]
47.Derive the expressions for (i) radius (ii) angular frequency and (iii) time period of revolution of charged particle
moving perpendicular to the magnetic field.
48.State Ampere’s circuital law. Using it derive the expression for magnetic field at a point due to a long straight
wire carrying current.
49. State and explain Biot-Savart’s law with a relevant diagram.
50.Derive an expression for the magnetic field at any point on the axis of a circular current loop/coil.
51. What is a solenoid? Write the expression for magnetic field at a point inside the solenoid.
52.Write the expression for force per unit length between two straight parallel current carrying conductors of
infinite length. Hence define “ampere”.
53.Obtain an expression for the force between two infinitely long straight parallel conductors carrying current.
54. (i) Define current sensitivity of a galvanometer. (ii) Define voltage sensitivity of a galvanometer.
55.How can a moving coil galvanometer be converted into voltmeter? Explain with a diagram and expression.
56. How can a moving coil galvanometer be converted into ammeter? Explain with a diagram and expression.

CHAPTER – 5 : MAGNETISM AND MATTER

57.Justify a bar magnet is equivalent to a solenoid which produces the same magnetic field.
58.State and explain Gauss’s Law in magnetism.
59.Draw magnetic field lines pattern for (i) a bar magnet (ii) current carrying solenoid.
60. What are magnetic field lines? Give any three properties of magnetic field lines.
61.Define (i) Magnetisation (ii) Magnetic intensity (iii) Magnetic permeability (iv) Magnetic susceptibility and give their SI unit.
62.Give five properties of (a) Diamagnetic materials (b) Paramagnetic materials (c) Ferromagnetic materials.
63.Write five differences between diamagnetic materials and paramagnetic materials.
64.Give five differences between diamagnetic materials and ferromagnetic materials.
65.Write the expression for magnetic potential energy of a magnetic dipole kept in a uniform magnetic field and
explain the terms.
CHAPTER – 6 : ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
66.Describe the magnet and coil experiment to demonstrate the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.
67. Briefly explain Henry and Faraday’s coil-coil experiment on electromagnetic induction.
68.State and explain Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
69. State and explain Lenz’s law in electromagnetic induction. What is the significance of Lenz’s law?
70.What is motional electromotive force?
71.Obtain the expression for motional emf induced in a straight conducting (metal) rod when moved perpendicular
in a uniform magnetic field.
72.What is meant by self Induction and mutual Induction?
73.Define self inductance and mutual inductance.
74. Mention any two factors on which (a) self-inductance of a coil depends (b) mutual inductance of a coil depend.
75. Obtain the expression for energy stored in an inductor/solenoid.
76. What is AC generator? State the principle of AC Generator.
77. With the help of a labelled diagram, obtain an expression for instantaneous emf induced emf in an AC generator.
Important Questions: II PUC PHYSICS SHREENIVASA M BHAT GPUC KARWAR:9964073075, 7019837196
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CHAPTER – 7 : ALTERNATING CURRENT

78.Write the relation connected to rms value and peak value of alternating current.
79.Derive the expression for instantaneous current through an inductor and represent in phasor diagram.
OR Show that voltage leads current by /2 when A.C. voltage applied to pure inductance.
80.Derive the expression for instantaneous current through a capacitor and Represent in phasor diagram.
OR Show that current leads voltage by /2 when A.C. voltage applied to capacitor.
81. With the help of phasor diagram, derive the expressions for the impedance and current in a series LCR circuit,
when an ac voltage is applied to it.
82. Define resonance and resonant frequency in a series LCR-circuit. Obtain the expression for the resonant frequency.
83. (a) What is a transformer? (b) State the principle of transformer. (c) Mention 3 sources of power loss in a transformer.
84. Explain the construction and working of a transformer with a labelled diagram.
CHAPTER – 8 : ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
85.(a) What is displacement current? Give the expression for it. (b) Mention the need for displacement current.
86.Write the expression for Ampere-Maxwell’s law. Explain the terms.
87.Who predicted the existence of electromagnetic waves? Give the wavelength range of EM spectrum.
88.(a) What is the source of electromagnetic waves? (b) What is the nature of electromagnetic waves?
89.State two characteristics/properties of electromagnetic waves.
90.Mention the expression for speed of light (a) in vacuum (b) in a medium. Explain the symbols.
91.Give the wavelength range of (a) Microwaves (b) Infra-red waves (c) Ultraviolet radiations (d) X-rays (e) gamma rays
92.Give any two applications/uses of (a) Microwaves (b) Infra-red waves (c) Ultraviolet radiations (d) X-rays (e) gamma rays.
CHAPTER – 9 : RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
93.(i) Derive f = R/2. (ii) Derive the mirror equation in the case of real and inverted image formed by a concave mirror.
94.(a) Define critical angle. (b) What is total internal reflection? Mention the conditions for total internal reflection.
95. Mention two applications of total internal reflection.
96.Obtain an expression for the refractive index of the material of the prism in terms of the angle of the prism and
angle of minimum deviation.
97. Draw a neat labelled ray diagram for the image formation in (i) Simple microscope (ii) Compound microscope.
98. Obtain the relation between u, v, R and n for spherical surface.
99. Derive Lens-maker’s formula. Name two factors on which focal length of a thin lens depends.
100. Define the power of a lens. How does power of a lens related to its focal length?
101. Derive the expression for effective focal length of two thin lenses kept in contact.
102. Draw a neat labelled ray diagram (with arrow marks) of a simple microscope for the image formation and
write the expression for its magnification when the image is at near point.
103. Draw a neat labelled ray diagram (with arrow marks) of a compound microscope for the image formation and
write the expression for its magnification when the image is at near point.
104. Draw a neat labelled ray diagram (with arrow marks) of a (i) reflecting telescope (ii) refracting telescope.
CHAPTER – 10 : WAVE OPTICS
105. Define wavefront. What type of wavefront obtained from (i) a point source (ii) a line source (iii) a star?
106. State and explain Huygen’s principle. Derive Snell’s law of refraction using Huygen’s principle.
107. Show that angle of reflection is equal to angle of incidence using Huygen’s principle when a plane wave
incident on a plane mirror.
108. Give the theory of interference. Hence write the conditions for constructive interference and destructive
interference in terms of (i) phase difference and (i) path difference.
109. What is interference of light? Briefly describe Young’s double-slit experiment.
110. What is diffraction of light? Describe diffraction of light at a single slit. Give conditions for minima and maxima.
111. Give the graphical representation of the distribution of intensity on the screen in case of
(i) Young’s double-slit experiment (ii) diffraction at a single slit.
112. Give five differences between interference and diffraction.

Important Questions: II PUC PHYSICS SHREENIVASA M BHAT GPUC KARWAR:9964073075, 7019837196

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CHAPTER – 11 : DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER

113. Define (i) Work function of a metal (ii) electron volt (eV) (iii) Threshold frequency and (iv) Stopping potential.
114. Mention three types of electron emission.
115. What is photoelectric effect? Write four experimental observations of photoelectric effect.
116. Write Einstein’s photoelectric equation and explain the terms.
117. Give Einstein’s explanation on photoelectric effect.
118. Mention any three characteristic properties of photon/particle nature of light.
119. What are matter waves? Write the de-Broglie relation for de-Broglie wavelength. Explain the terms.
120. Explain de-Broglie hypothesis.
CHAPTER – 12 : ATOMS
121. Draw a neat labelled schematic diagram of Geiger-Marsden (α–particle) scattering experiment.
122. Write the two observations of Geiger-Marsden (α–particle) scattering experiment.
123. Define Impact parameter. When it will be maximum?
124. Write the three postulates of Bohr’s atom model.
125. Mention two limitations of Bohr atom model.
126. Define ionisation energy and excitation energy.
127. Write the expression for radius of electron in nth stationary orbit of hydrogen atom.
Hence write the expression for Bohr radius.
128. Assuming the expression for the radius of electron orbit, obtain the expression for the total energy of the
electron in the stationary orbit of hydrogen atom.
129. Give de Broglie’s explanation of Bohr’s angular momentum quantisation postulate.
CHAPTER – 13 : NUCLEI
130. Define isotope/isobar/isotone. Give examples to each.
131. Mention three characteristics/properties of nucleus.
132. Define mass defect and binding energy of a nucleus. Write the relation between them.
133. Draw binding energy curve. Explain the features of energy curve.
134. Define radioactivity. Give two types of radioactive decay.
135. What is nuclear force? Mention four features characteristics/properties of nuclear force.
136. What is nuclear fission? Give an example (equation).
137. What is nuclear fusion? Give an example (equation).
138. Give five differences between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
CHAPTER – 14 : SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS
139. Classify the conductors, semiconductors and insulators on the basis of energy bands (band theory of solids).
140. Define: (i) valence band (ii) Conduction band (iii) Energy band gap.
141. Give five differences between n-type and p-type semiconductors
142. Give five differences between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
143. Define the terms with reference to diode: Cut-in-voltage, breakdown voltage and reverse saturation current.
144. Give three differences between forward and reverse bias of p-n junction semiconductor diode.
145. What is a rectifier? Describe the working of a p-n junction diode as a half wave rectifier with the help of a
circuit diagram. Draw input and output waveforms.
146. What is rectification? Describe the working of a p-n junction diode as a full wave rectifier, with the help of a
circuit diagram. Draw input and output waveforms.

Important Questions: II PUC PHYSICS SHREENIVASA M BHAT GPUC KARWAR:9964073075, 7019837196