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[A-MATH] Chapter 10 - Coordinate Geometry

The document outlines key concepts in Coordinate Geometry, including conditions for parallel and perpendicular lines, the midpoint of a line segment, and the area of rectilinear figures. It provides formulas and methods for calculating gradients, midpoints, and areas, emphasizing the importance of consistent point ordering in calculations. Additionally, it promotes a learning platform, Overmugged, which offers tutoring services and curated notes for exam preparation.

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22 views10 pages

[A-MATH] Chapter 10 - Coordinate Geometry

The document outlines key concepts in Coordinate Geometry, including conditions for parallel and perpendicular lines, the midpoint of a line segment, and the area of rectilinear figures. It provides formulas and methods for calculating gradients, midpoints, and areas, emphasizing the importance of consistent point ordering in calculations. Additionally, it promotes a learning platform, Overmugged, which offers tutoring services and curated notes for exam preparation.

Uploaded by

dladlavuyisile1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ONG KAI WEN (COPYRIGHTED) ©

ONG KAI WEN (COPYRIGHTED) ©

Topic 10:
Coordinate Geometry (4049)
ONG KAI WEN (COPYRIGHTED) ©

THE ABOUT

MASTERY

CHAPTER ANALYSIS
• Conditions for 2 lines to be parallel or perpendicular

• Midpoint of line segment


EXAM
• Area of rectilinear figure

[Note that E-Math Coordinate Geometry is a pre-requisite]

WEIGHTAGE
ONG KAI WEN (COPYRIGHTED) ©

KEY CONCEPT

Parallel/Perpendicular lines
Midpoint of a line segment
Area of rectilinear figure
ONG KAI WEN (COPYRIGHTED) ©

Equation of a straight line

𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒄

Term Name Definition

Represents the 𝒚-value where the line cuts the


𝒄 𝒚-intercept
𝒚-axis

Represents the change in the 𝒚-value arising


𝒎 Gradient
from a per unit change in 𝒙
ONG KAI WEN (COPYRIGHTED) ©

Perpendicular Lines
Gradient of a straight line

𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏
𝒎=
𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏

𝒎 value Indication

Parallel Lines 𝒎>𝟎 Positive gradient, upwards sloping

𝒎<𝟎 Negative gradient, downwards sloping

𝒎=𝟎 Parallel to the 𝒙-axis, horizontal line

𝒎 undefined Parallel to the 𝒚-axis, vertical line

Take Note
Do note that from the value of the gradient, we can tell how
steep a line is. The smaller the gradient value, the shallower
the gradient is going to be. The greater the value, the
steeper the gradient is going to be
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Collinearity with 3 points


Midpoint of a Line Segment
Think of calculating the average of the 𝑥 and 𝑦 coordinates

𝒙𝟏 + 𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟏 + 𝒚𝟐
𝑴= ,
𝟐 𝟐
Distance between 2 points

Perpendicular Bisectors

𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎 𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏
ONG KAI WEN (COPYRIGHTED) ©

Area of rectilinear figures

Method to use is the Shoelace method. Let 𝑨 𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 , 𝑩 𝒙𝟐 , 𝒚𝟐 ,


𝑪 𝒙𝟑 , 𝒚𝟑 , … and 𝑴 𝒙𝒎, 𝒚𝒎 be the vertices of a rectilinear figure
TAKE NOTE and the points are arranged in an anti-clockwise direction

𝟏 𝒙𝟏 𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟑 … 𝒙𝒎 𝒙𝟏
𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚 =
𝟐 𝒚𝟏 𝒚𝟐 𝒚𝟑 … 𝒚𝒎 𝒚𝟏

To be very honest, the direction of how the points are arranged


does not really matter [due to the modulus signs], but the
ordering does. Always ensure that you follow one specific
direction when calculating

Take Note
Always remember to repeat the very first point that you choose

𝟏 𝒙𝟏 𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟑 … 𝒙𝒎 𝒙𝟏
𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚 =
𝟐 𝒚𝟏 𝒚𝟐 𝒚𝟑 … 𝒚𝒎 𝒚𝟏
About Us Notes prepared by:

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Telegram: @ongkw28
Website: https://www.overmugged.com/kai-wen

For more free notes & learning materials, visit: www.overmugged.com


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