Graphs of functions 2

More in exponential functions

27
4 1
6
Asymptote

x
The equation of the Asymptote
is
y 0
1
7 2
9
Means we shift the
curve 2 upwards Asymptote
y go
for 1 unit 1

The equation of the Asymptote

I
is now
y
 7 2 1
11

Means we shift the x

curve 2 downwards
y
for 1 unit Asymptote

The equation of the Asymptote

is now y I
Example stef 4

The table shows some values for y = 1.5 x - 1.

I3
x –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5

y – 0.56 – 0.33 0 0.5 1.25 2.38 4.06 6.59

(a) Complete the table. [3]

(b) Draw the graph of y = 1.5 x - 1 for - 2 G x G 5 .

I
4

I
–2
i –1
i
0 1 2 3 4 445 5
x

–1
[4]

© UCLES 2017 0580/42/F/M/17

 5

(c) Use your graph to solve the equation 1.5 x - 1 = 3.5 .

3.7
x = ................................................ [2]

(d) By drawing a suitable straight line, solve the equation 1.5 x - x - 2 = 0 .

1.5 x 1 y.fr
fig (e) (i)
y
IT II
On the grid, plot the point A at (5, 5).
L6 4.45
x = ............................ or x = ............................[3]

[1]

anZEffffgg
Igf
(ii)

(iii)
y Eee
Draw theline
draw Xtof
tangent to the graph y = 1.5 x - 1 that passes through the point A.

Work out the gradient of this tangent.

5191X 1
Draw the line
[1]

y
msn.tw 191
wHHfFFRTR Curve

Steaks
1.5..............................................
1 [2]

1.5 l 1.5 X 12 1 1.5

1.5 X t2
i we will draw the line att line
yay
we will draw line Yat

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 steals
Graphs of functions lessons

3 The Cubic function

full ax bx ex d where ato

shape

N f
a o

BEEF
D

he

f no
Example
18 Here is the graph of y = x3 0.2x2 9x + x 3
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

y
20

15

10

is O
5

1 2 3 x I
5x
Y
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(a) Use the graph to find an estimate

Mi for the solution of the
equation x 0.2x 9x + 7 =
3 2

live 5
re y
X 3.4
. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..

(2)
(b) By drawing a suitable straight line on the grid, find an estimate for the solution of the
equation x3 0.2x2 4x + 7 = 0
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

i.am277 soso.ee s
8 7
1
eFffffff

site
Fine se
5x
y
Y . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..

(3)

(Total for Question 18 is 5 marks)

*P48405rA01924*iTunes Turn over

19
Note The graph shows the function
well known by y fey y fex
idea

2
O

for the equation full K wha K is a constant

of K for
i write down the possible values which the equation

has two solutions

K E K I

ii write down the range of values of K for which the equation

has three solutions 2 LK L 5

mi write down the range ofvaluesof K for which the equation

has just one solution
K E KL E
 Gradient of a function
If a function is Linear straightline then its gradient is Constant
does notchange from
point to point

If a function is a curve then its gradient is notconstant

To find an estimate approximated value forthe gradient ofa Curve
at a point we draw a tangent to thecurve atthatpointandfind
the gradient of the tangent

JMadientofatthe to
thecurve
A equal
is
tangent

to thegradient ofthecurve
atA

temple
ME

2,2 3 516

M 63
35 83 2 67
Notes tangent is horizontal
I as a
D
pp

E
M

AB C and D station the functions

my points
are on
Gradient
ofthe function at the stationary point Zero

2 Ifad
no N
forthe function
offun the gradient at
Aand B are
equal because the tangents
are parallel
 3

t b I
For the function fees
y
The gradient is Zero at X a and X b

Thegradient is for Kab

negative
The gradient is positive for ya or x 3

Remember
The to get the Gradient of a Curve at a
previous method
point by drawing a tangent is just on approximated method
We will lean in our syllabus how to Calculate
the gradient a curve at a point accurately
of using
Differentiation
 June 2014 Paper 141 8
Example 12 2
a8 (a) Complete the table of values for y = x3 – 3x + 1 .

x –2.5 –2 –1.5 –1 –0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

y –7.125 –1 3 1 –0.375 –1 –0.125 3 9.125

2.125 2.375
[2]

(b) Draw the graph of y = x3 – 3x + 1 for –2.5 x 2.5 .

y
10

Y
6

x 3 1
y
5

1 11213
x
–3 –2 its –1 0 1 2 3
–1

ft –2
pig gg
–3

–4

–5

–6

–7

–8
[4]

© UCLES 2014 0580/41/M/J/14

 13

(c) By drawing a suitable tangent, estimate the gradient of the curve at the point where x = 2.

2,3 1.5 2

m 10
33.7 10
Answer(c) ................................................ [3]
Curve
(d) Use your graph to solve the equation x3 – 3x + 1 = 1 .
liney l
I 75
Answer(d) x = ..................... 0
or x = ..................... 1.7
or x = ..................... [2]

(e) Use your graph to complete the inequality in k for which the equation

x3 – 3x + 1 = k has three different solutions.

Curve
hey l
K Answer(e) ........................ < k < ........................ [2]
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3

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 ellrl.cl
Graphsoffunctions.lcontinued
Important
The equation satisfied by the point ofintersection

of two
functions

if fwy 2
2
3 7 and
gut 31
1
then at the points of intersection
fix
gas
fix guy
2
2 3 7 3 1
272 6 8 0

this equation is called the

equation satisfied by the points
ofintersectionofthetwofunctions
Example if foxy 2 3
and gas X 3 5
35 7
the equation satisfied by the points of intersection
of fuel and gas is ax b x Cx 2 0
find the values of a b and c
Answer
f41 23 3
2
7 gox X 3 5
atthe points of intersection foxy
gu
243 3 2 7 X 3 5
3
2 37 72 3 7 5 0
3 2
i 2 4 3 2 0

ax b ex 2 0

i 0 2 b 4 C 3
 10

7 The graph of y = 10 - 8x 2 for - 1.5 G x G 1.5 is drawn on the grid.

12

10

8 10518

– 1.5 –1 i – 0.5
0.4 0 0.5 1 1.5
x

–2

2 2
7
–4

–6

–8

© UCLES 2018 0580/41/M/J/18

 11

(a) Write down the equation of the line of symmetry of the graph.

XO
................................................ [1]

(b) On the grid opposite, draw the tangent to the curve at the point where x = 0.5 .
Find the gradient of this tangent.

0.518 1,4
m
48.554 8 8
................................................ [3]

(c) The table shows some values for y = x 3 + 3x + 4 .

x - 1.5 -1 - 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5

y - 3.9 0 2.375 4 5.6 8 11.9

(i) Complete the table. [3]

(ii) On the grid opposite, draw the graph of y = x 3 + 3x + 4 for - 1.5 G x G 1.5 . [4]

(d) Show that the values of x where the two curves intersect are the solutions to the
equation x 3 + 8x 2 + 3x - 6 = 0 .

10 8 2 153 3 4
43 8 43 6 0
[1]

(e) By drawing a suitable straight line, solve the equation x 3 + 5x + 2 = 0 for - 1.5 G x G 1.5 .

13 5 2 0
y13 3 4
Curve

Shigeo
X 3 2 4 2 0
0.4
x = ............................................... [3]

IffÉ Ity 2 2

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lecture 30 Graphs of functions 2

Study the ipad notes well

Home work
1 Resolve Graphs 1 after the knowledge
we took today

2 classified Graphs 2 I will postnow

number