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A-AS Stat & Mech 2018 - 2023

The document outlines the examination details for the Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE Mathematics Paper 32: Mechanics, scheduled for June 20, 2023. It includes instructions for candidates regarding the use of calculators, the requirement to show working for answers, and the total marks available for each question. The document also contains specific questions related to mechanics, including problems involving acceleration, forces, and motion.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

47 views404 pages

A-AS Stat & Mech 2018 - 2023

Uploaded by

miryanamh2

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 404

Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information

Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE

Tuesday 20 June 2023
Afternoon Paper
reference 9MA0/32
Mathematics
 

Advanced
PAPER 32: Mechanics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
total mark for this part of the examination is 50. There are 6 questions.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

P72820A
©2023 Pearson Education Ltd.
N:1/1/1/1/1/1/1/
*P72820A0120*
1. A car is initially at rest on a straight horizontal road.
The car then accelerates along the road with a constant acceleration of 3.2 m s–2

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Find
(a) the speed of the car after 5 s,
(1)
(b) the distance travelled by the car in the first 5 s.
(2)
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(Total for Question 1 is 3 marks)

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2.
FN P (5 kg) 28 N

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Figure 1

A particle P has mass 5 kg.

The particle is pulled along a rough horizontal plane by a horizontal force of
magnitude 28 N.
The only resistance to motion is a frictional force of magnitude F newtons, as shown
in Figure 1.
(a) Find the magnitude of the normal reaction of the plane on P
(1)
The particle is accelerating along the plane at 1.4 m s–2
(b) Find the value of F
(2)
The coefficient of friction between P and the plane is μ
(c) Find the value of μ, giving your answer to 2 significant figures.
(1)
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3. At time t seconds, where t  0, a particle P has velocity v m s–1 where

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v (t 2 3t 7)i (2t 2 3) j

Find
(a) the speed of P at time t = 0
(3)
(b) the value of t when P is moving parallel to (i + j)
(2)
(c) the acceleration of P at time t seconds
(2)
(d) the value of t when the direction of the acceleration of P is perpendicular to i
(2)
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4. [In this question, i and j are horizontal unit vectors and position vectors are given
relative to a fixed origin O]

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A particle P is moving on a smooth horizontal plane.
The particle has constant acceleration (2.4i + j) m s–2
At time t = 0, P passes through the point A.
At time t = 5 s, P passes through the point B.
The velocity of P as it passes through A is (–16i – 3j) m s–1
(a) Find the speed of P as it passes through B.
(4)
The position vector of A is (44i – 10j) m.
At time t = T seconds, where T > 5 , P passes through the point C.
The position vector of C is (4i + cj) m.
(b) Find the value of T.
(3)
(c) Find the value of c.
(3)
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5.

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A

28 m s–1

20 m

α
O
40 m
Figure 2
A small ball is projected with speed 28 m s–1 from a point O on horizontal ground.
After moving for T seconds, the ball passes through the point A.
The point A is 40 m horizontally and 20 m vertically from the point O, as shown in
Figure 2.
The motion of the ball from O to A is modelled as that of a particle moving freely
under gravity.
Given that the ball is projected at an angle α to the ground, use the model to
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(a) show that T =
7 cos α
(2)
(b) show that tan2 α – 4 tan α + 3 = 0
(5)
(c) find the greatest possible height, in metres, of the ball above the ground as the ball
moves from O to A.
(3)
The model does not include air resistance.
(d) State one other limitation of the model.
(1)
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6.

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A θ

Figure 3
A rod AB has mass M and length 2a.
The rod has its end A on rough horizontal ground and its end B against a smooth
vertical wall.

The rod makes an angle θ with the ground, as shown in Figure 3.

The rod is at rest in limiting equilibrium.
(a) State the direction (left or right on Figure 3 above) of the frictional force acting on
the rod at A. Give a reason for your answer.
(1)
The magnitude of the normal reaction of the wall on the rod at B is S.
In an initial model, the rod is modelled as being uniform.
Use this initial model to answer parts (b), (c) and (d).
(b) By taking moments about A, show that

1
S= Mg cot θ
2
(3)
The coefficient of friction between the rod and the ground is μ
3
Given that tan θ =
4
(c) find the value of μ
(5)
(d) find, in terms of M and g, the magnitude of the resultant force acting on the rod at A.
(3)
In a new model, the rod is modelled as being non-uniform, with its centre of mass
closer to B than it is to A.
3
A new value for S is calculated using this new model, with tan θ =
4
(e) State whether this new value for S is larger, smaller or equal to the value that S
would take using the initial model. Give a reason for your answer.
(1)

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(Total for Question 6 is 13 marks)

TOTAL FOR MECHANICS IS 50 MARKS

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Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE

Tuesday 20 June 2023
9MA0/31
Afternoon Paper
reference

Mathematics
 

Advanced
PAPER 31: Statistics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• Fill
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,

• labelled.
centre number and candidate number.
Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are clearly

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided

• You
– there may be more space than you need.
should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.

• Values
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
from statistical tables should be quoted in full. If a calculator is used instead of

• Inexact answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.
tables the value should be given to an equivalent degree of accuracy.

Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.

• The total mark for this part of the examination is 50. There are 6 questions.
marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

• Check your answers if you have time at the end.

Try to answer every question.
Turn over

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1. The Venn diagram, where p and q are probabilities, shows the three events A, B and C
and their associated probabilities.

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A
B
0.13
0.05
0.25

0.3 C

p
q

(a) Find P(A)

(1)
The events B and C are independent.
(b) Find the value of p and the value of q
(3)
(c) Find P(A½B′)
(2)
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1
2. A machine fills packets with sweets and of the packets also contain a prize.
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The packets of sweets are placed in boxes before being delivered to shops.

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There are 40 packets of sweets in each box.
The random variable T represents the number of packets of sweets that contain a prize
in each box.
(a) State a condition needed for T to be modelled by B(40, )
1
7
(1)
A box is selected at random.

(b) Using T ~ B(40, )

1
7
find

(i) the probability that the box has exactly 6 packets containing a prize,
(ii) the probability that the box has fewer than 3 packets containing a prize.
(2)
Kamil’s sweet shop buys 5 boxes of these sweets.
(c) Find the probability that exactly 2 of these 5 boxes have fewer than 3 packets
containing a prize.
(2)
1
Kamil claims that the proportion of packets containing a prize is less than
7
A random sample of 110 packets is taken and 9 packets contain a prize.
(d) Use a suitable test to assess Kamil’s claim.
You should
• state your hypotheses clearly
• use a 5% level of significance
(4)
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3. Ben is studying the Daily Total Rainfall, x mm, in Leeming for 1987
He used all the data from the large data set and summarised the information in the

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following table.

x 0 0.1–0.5 0.6–1.0 1.1–1.9 2.0–4.0 4.1–6.9 7.0–12.0 12.1–20.9 21.0–32.0 tr

Frequency 55 18 18 21 17 9 9 6 2 29

(a) Explain how the data will need to be cleaned before Ben can start to calculate
statistics such as the mean and standard deviation.
(2)
Using all 184 of these values, Ben estimates ∑ x = 390 and ∑x 2
= 4336

(b) Calculate estimates for

(i) the mean Daily Total Rainfall,
(ii) the standard deviation of the Daily Total Rainfall.
(3)
Ben suggests using the statistic calculated in part (b)(i) to estimate the annual mean
Daily Total Rainfall in Leeming for 1987
(c) Using your knowledge of the large data set,
(i) give a reason why these data would not be suitable,
(ii) state, giving a reason, how you would expect the estimate in part (b)(i) to differ
from the actual annual mean Daily Total Rainfall in Leeming for 1987
(2)
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4. A study was made of adult men from region A of a country.
It was found that their heights were normally distributed with a mean of 175.4 cm and
standard deviation 6.8 cm.

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(a) Find the proportion of these men that are taller than 180 cm.
(1)
A student claimed that the mean height of adult men from region B of this country was
different from the mean height of adult men from region A.
A random sample of 52 adult men from region B had a mean height of 177.2 cm
The student assumed that the standard deviation of heights of adult men was 6.8 cm both
for region A and region B.
(b) Use a suitable test to assess the student’s claim.
You should
• state your hypotheses clearly
• use a 5% level of significance
(4)
(c) Find the p-value for the test in part (b)
(1)
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5. Tisam is playing a game.
She uses a ball, a cup and a spinner.

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The random variable X represents the number the spinner lands on when it is spun.
The probability distribution of X is given in the following table

x 20 50 80 100

P(X = x) a b c d

where a, b, c and d are probabilities.

To play the game
• the spinner is spun to obtain a value of x
• Tisam then stands x cm from the cup and tries to throw the ball into the cup
The event S represents the event that Tisam successfully throws the ball into the cup.
To model this game Tisam assumes that
k
• P(S ½{X = x}) = where k is a constant
x
• P(S ∩ {X = x}) should be the same whatever value of x is obtained from the spinner
Using Tisam’s model,
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(a) show that c = b
5 (2)
(b) find the probability distribution of X
(5)
Nav tries, a large number of times, to throw the ball into the cup from a distance
of 100 cm.
He successfully gets the ball in the cup 30% of the time.
(c) State, giving a reason, why Tisam’s model of this game is not suitable to describe
Nav playing the game for all values of X
(1)
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6. A medical researcher is studying the number of hours, T, a patient stays in hospital
following a particular operation.

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The histogram on the page opposite summarises the results for a random sample
of 90 patients.
(a) Use the histogram to estimate P(10 < T < 30)
(2)
For these 90 patients the time spent in hospital following the operation had
• a mean of 14.9 hours
• a standard deviation of 9.3 hours
Tomas suggests that T can be modelled by N(14.9, 9.32)
(b) With reference to the histogram, state, giving a reason, whether or not Tomas’ model
could be suitable.
(1)
Xiang suggests that the frequency polygon based on this histogram could be modelled
by a curve with equation
y = kxe–x 0  x  4
where
• x is measured in tens of hours
• k is a constant
(c) Use algebraic integration to show that

∫ 0
xe–x dx = 1 – (n + 1)e–n
(4)
(d) Show that, for Xiang’s model, k = 99 to the nearest integer.
(3)
(e) Estimate P(10 < T < 30) using
(i) Tomas’ model of T ~ N(14.9, 9.32)
(1)
(ii) Xiang’s curve with equation y = 99xe–x and the answer to part (c)
(2)
The researcher decides to use Xiang’s curve to model P(a < T < b)
(f) State one limitation of Xiang’s model.
(1)

16
*P72819A01620* 
Question 6 continued
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4
Frequency density

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Time in hours

17
 *P72819A01720* Turn over
Question 6 continued
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*P72819A01820* 
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19
 *P72819A01920* Turn over
Question 6 continued
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(Total for Question 6 is 14 marks)

TOTAL FOR STATISTICS IS 50 MARKS

20
*P72819A02020* 
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE

Paper
reference 9MA0/32
Mathematics
 

Advanced
PAPER 32: Mechanics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
total mark for this part of the examination is 50. There are 5 questions.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

*P72131A0120*
P72131A
©2022 Pearson Education Ltd.

Q:1/1/1/1/
1. [In this question, position vectors are given relative to a fixed origin.]
At time t seconds, where t > 0 , a particle P has velocity v m s–1 where
1
2
v = 3t i – 6t j
2

(a) Find the speed of P at time t = 2 seconds.

(2)
(b) Find an expression, in terms of t, i and j, for the acceleration of P at time t seconds,
where t > 0
(2)
At time t = 4 seconds, the position vector of P is (i – 4j) m.
(c) Find the position vector of P at time t = 1 second.
(4)
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*P72131A0220* 
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(Total for Question 1 is 8 marks)

3
 *P72131A0320* Turn over
2.
B
XN

Figure 1
3
A rough plane is inclined to the horizontal at an angle α, where tan α =
4
A small block B of mass 5 kg is held in equilibrium on the plane by a horizontal force of
magnitude X newtons, as shown in Figure 1.
The force acts in a vertical plane which contains a line of greatest slope of the inclined
plane.
The block B is modelled as a particle.
The magnitude of the normal reaction of the plane on B is 68.6 N.
Using the model,
(a) (i) find the magnitude of the frictional force acting on B,
(3)
(ii) state the direction of the frictional force acting on B.
(1)
The horizontal force of magnitude X newtons is now removed and B moves down
the plane.
Given that the coefficient of friction between B and the plane is 0.5
(b) find the acceleration of B down the plane.
(6)
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*P72131A0420* 
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5
 *P72131A0520* Turn over
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6
*P72131A0620* 
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(Total for Question 2 is 10 marks)

7
 *P72131A0720* Turn over
3. [In this question, i and j are horizontal unit vectors.]
A particle P of mass 4 kg is at rest at the point A on a smooth horizontal plane.
At time t = 0, two forces, F1 = (4i – j) N and F2 = (λi + μj) N , where λ and μ are
constants, are applied to P
Given that P moves in the direction of the vector (3i + j)
(a) show that

λ – 3μ + 7 = 0
(4)
At time t = 4 seconds, P passes through the point B.
Given that λ = 2
(b) find the length of AB.
(5)
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*P72131A0820* 
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9
 *P72131A0920* Turn over
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10
*P72131A01020* 
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(Total for Question 3 is 9 marks)

11
 *P72131A01120* Turn over
4.

B
C

θ
A

Figure 2

A uniform rod AB has mass M and length 2a

A particle of mass 2M is attached to the rod at the point C, where AC = 1.5a
The rod rests with its end A on rough horizontal ground.
The rod is held in equilibrium at an angle θ to the ground by a light string that is
attached to the end B of the rod.
The string is perpendicular to the rod, as shown in Figure 2.
(a) Explain why the frictional force acting on the rod at A acts horizontally to the right
on the diagram.
(1)
The tension in the string is T
(b) Show that T = 2Mg cos θ
(3)
3
Given that cos θ =
5
(c) show that the magnitude of the vertical force exerted by the ground on the rod at A
57 Mg
is
25
(3)
The coefficient of friction between the rod and the ground is μ
Given that the rod is in limiting equilibrium,
8
(d) show that μ =
19
(4)

12
*P72131A01220* 
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13
 *P72131A01320* Turn over
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14
*P72131A01420* 
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(Total for Question 4 is 11 marks)

15
 *P72131A01520* Turn over
5.

A B
120 m

Figure 3

A golf ball is at rest at the point A on horizontal ground.

The ball is hit and initially moves at an angle α to the ground.
The ball first hits the ground at the point B, where AB = 120 m, as shown in Figure 3.
The motion of the ball is modelled as that of a particle, moving freely under gravity,
whose initial speed is U m s–1
Using this model,
(a) show that U 2 sin α cos α = 588
(6)
The ball reaches a maximum height of 10 m above the ground.
(b) Show that U 2 = 1960
(4)
In a refinement to the model, the effect of air resistance is included.
The motion of the ball, from A to B, is now modelled as that of a particle whose initial
speed is V m s–1
This refined model is used to calculate a value for V
(c) State which is greater, U or V, giving a reason for your answer.
(1)
(d) State one further refinement to the model that would make the model more realistic.
(1)
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16
*P72131A01620* 
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17
 *P72131A01720* Turn over
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18
*P72131A01820* 
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19
 *P72131A01920* Turn over
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(Total for Question 5 is 12 marks)

TOTAL FOR MECHANICS IS 50 MARKS

20
*P72131A02020* 
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE

Paper
reference 9MA0/31
Mathematics
 

Advanced
PAPER 31: Statistics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• Fill
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,

• labelled.
centre number and candidate number.
Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are clearly

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided

• You
– there may be more space than you need.
should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.

• Values
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
from statistical tables should be quoted in full. If a calculator is used instead

• Inexact answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.
of tables the value should be given to an equivalent degree of accuracy.

Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.

• The
total mark for this part of the examination is 50. There are 6 questions.
marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

• Check your answers if you have time at the end.

Try to answer every question.
Turn over

*P72130A0120*
P72130A
©2022 Pearson Education Ltd.

Q:1/1/1/1/
1. George throws a ball at a target 15 times.
Each time George throws the ball, the probability of the ball hitting the target is 0.48
The random variable X represents the number of times George hits the target in
15 throws.
(a) Find
(i) P (X = 3)
(ii) P (X  5)
(3)
George now throws the ball at the target 250 times.
(b) Use a normal approximation to calculate the probability that he will hit the target
more than 110 times.
(3)
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2
*P72130A0220* 
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(Total for Question 1 is 6 marks)

3
 *P72130A0320* Turn over
2. A manufacturer uses a machine to make metal rods.
The length of a metal rod, L cm, is normally distributed with
• a mean of 8 cm
• a standard deviation of x cm
Given that the proportion of metal rods less than 7.902 cm in length is 2.5%
(a) show that x = 0.05 to 2 decimal places.
(2)
(b) Calculate the proportion of metal rods that are between 7.94 cm and 8.09 cm
in length.
(1)
The cost of producing a single metal rod is 20p
A metal rod
• where L < 7.94 is sold for scrap for 5p
• where 7.94  L  8.09 is sold for 50p
• where L > 8.09 is shortened for an extra cost of 10p and then sold for 50p
(c) Calculate the expected profit per 500 of the metal rods.
Give your answer to the nearest pound.
(5)
The same manufacturer makes metal hinges in large batches.
The hinges each have a probability of 0.015 of having a fault.
A random sample of 200 hinges is taken from each batch and the batch is accepted if
fewer than 6 hinges are faulty.
The manufacturer's aim is for 95% of batches to be accepted.
(d) Explain whether the manufacturer is likely to achieve its aim.
(4)
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4
*P72130A0420* 
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5
 *P72130A0520* Turn over
Question 2 continued
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6
*P72130A0620* 
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(Total for Question 2 is 12 marks)

7
 *P72130A0720* Turn over
3. Dian uses the large data set to investigate the Daily Total Rainfall, r mm, for Camborne.
(a) Write down how a value of 0 < r  0.05 is recorded in the large data set.
(1)
Dian uses the data for the 31 days of August 2015 for Camborne and calculates the
following statistics

n = 31 ∑ r = 174.9 ∑ r 2
= 3523.283

(b) Use these statistics to calculate

(i) the mean of the Daily Total Rainfall in Camborne for August 2015,
(ii) the standard deviation of the Daily Total Rainfall in Camborne for August 2015.
(3)
Dian believes that the mean Daily Total Rainfall in August is less in the South of the
UK than in the North of the UK.
The mean Daily Total Rainfall in Leuchars for August 2015 is 1.72 mm to 2 decimal
places.
(c) State, giving a reason, whether this provides evidence to support Dian's belief.
(2)
Dian uses the large data set to estimate the proportion of days with no rain in Camborne
for 1987 to be 0.27 to 2 decimal places.
(d) Explain why the distribution B(14, 0.27) might not be a reasonable model for the
number of days without rain for a 14‑day summer event.
(1)
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*P72130A0820* 
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(Total for Question 3 is 7 marks)

9
 *P72130A0920* Turn over
4. A dentist knows from past records that 10% of customers arrive late for
their appointment.
A new manager believes that there has been a change in the proportion of customers
who arrive late for their appointment.
A random sample of 50 of the dentist's customers is taken.
(a) Write down
• a null hypothesis corresponding to no change in the proportion of customers
who arrive late
• an alternative hypothesis corresponding to the manager's belief
(1)
(b) Using a 5% level of significance, find the critical region for a two-tailed test of the
null hypothesis in (a)
You should state the probability of rejection in each tail, which should be less
than 0.025
(3)
(c) Find the actual level of significance of the test based on your critical region from
part (b)
(1)
The manager observes that 15 of the 50 customers arrived late for their appointment.
(d) With reference to part (b), comment on the manager’s belief.
(1)
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*P72130A01020* 
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(Total for Question 4 is 6 marks)

11
 *P72130A01120* Turn over
5. A company has 1825 employees.
The employees are classified as professional, skilled or elementary.
The following table shows
• the number of employees in each classification
• the two areas, A or B, where the employees live

A B

Professional 740 380

Skilled 275 90

Elementary 260 80

An employee is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this employee
(a) is skilled,
(1)
(b) lives in area B and is not a professional.
(1)
Some classifications of employees are more likely to work from home.
• 65% of professional employees in both area A and area B work from home
• 40% of skilled employees in both area A and area B work from home
• 5% of elementary employees in both area A and area B work from home
• Event F is that the employee is a professional
• Event H is that the employee works from home
• Event R is that the employee is from area A
(c) Using this information, complete the Venn diagram on the opposite page.
(4)
(d) Find P (R' ∩ F)
(1)
(e) Find P ([H ∪ R]' )
(1)
(f) Find P (F | H )
(2)
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*P72130A01220* 
Question 5 continued

H R

123 412

247

133

Turn over for a spare diagram if you need to redraw your Venn diagram.

13
 *P72130A01320* Turn over
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*P72130A01420* 
Question 5 continued

Only use this diagram if you need to redraw your Venn diagram.

H R

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(Total for Question 5 is 10 marks)

15
 *P72130A01520* Turn over
6. Anna is investigating the relationship between exercise and resting heart rate.
She takes a random sample of 19 people in her year at school and records for
each person
• their resting heart rate, h beats per minute
• the number of minutes, m, spent exercising each week
Her results are shown on the scatter diagram.

h
80

60
m
0 200 400

(a) Interpret the nature of the relationship between h and m

(1)
Anna codes the data using the formulae

x = log10 m
y = log10 h
The product moment correlation coefficient between x and y is – 0.897
(b) Test whether or not there is significant evidence of a negative correlation
between x and y
You should
• state your hypotheses clearly
• use a 5% level of significance
• state the critical value used
(3)
The equation of the line of best fit of y on x is

y = – 0.05x + 1.92
(c) Use the equation of the line of best fit of y on x to find a model for h on m in
the form

h = am k
where a and k are constants to be found.
(5)

16
*P72130A01620* 
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 *P72130A01720* Turn over
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*P72130A01820* 
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 *P72130A01920* Turn over
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(Total for Question 6 is 9 marks)

TOTAL FOR STATISTICS IS 50 MARKS

20
*P72130A02020* 
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE

Monday 18 October 2021 – Afternoon

Paper
reference 9MA0/32
Mathematics
 

Advanced
PAPER 32: Mechanics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• Fill
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,

• labelled.
centre number and candidate number.
Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are clearly

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided

• You
– there may be more space than you need.
should show sufficient working to make your methods clear. Answers without

• give
working may not gain full credit.
Unless otherwise indicated, whenever a value of g is required, take g = 9.8 m s and −2

your answer to either 2 significant figures or 3 significant figures.

Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.

• The
total mark for this part of the examination is 50. There are 5 questions.
marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

• Check your answers if you have time at the end.

Try to answer every question.
Turn over

*P68824A0120*
P68824A
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.

A:1/1/1/1/1/1/
1. A particle P moves with constant acceleration (2i − 3j) m s−2
At time t = 0, P is moving with velocity 4i m s−1
(a) Find the velocity of P at time t = 2 seconds.
(2)
At time t = 0, the position vector of P relative to a fixed origin O is (i + j) m.
(b) Find the position vector of P relative to O at time t = 3 seconds.
(2)
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*P68824A0220* 
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(Total for Question 1 is 4 marks)

3
 *P68824A0320* Turn over
2.
P

A (3m)
B (m)
α

Figure 1

A small stone A of mass 3m is attached to one end of a string.

A small stone B of mass m is attached to the other end of the string.
Initially A is held at rest on a fixed rough plane.
3
The plane is inclined to the horizontal at an angle α, where tan α =
4
The string passes over a pulley P that is fixed at the top of the plane.
The part of the string from A to P is parallel to a line of greatest slope of the plane.
Stone B hangs freely below P, as shown in Figure 1.
1
The coefficient of friction between A and the plane is
6
Stone A is released from rest and begins to move down the plane.
The stones are modelled as particles.
The pulley is modelled as being small and smooth.
The string is modelled as being light and inextensible.

Using the model for the motion of the system before B reaches the pulley,
(a) write down an equation of motion for A
(2)
1
(b) show that the acceleration of A is g
10
(7)
(c) sketch a velocity-time graph for the motion of B, from the instant when A is released
from rest to the instant just before B reaches the pulley, explaining your answer.
(2)
In reality, the string is not light.
(d) State how this would affect the working in part (b).
(1)

4
*P68824A0420* 
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5
 *P68824A0520* Turn over
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*P68824A0620* 
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(Total for Question 2 is 12 marks)

7
 *P68824A0720* Turn over
3.

θ
A

Figure 2

A beam AB has mass m and length 2a.

The beam rests in equilibrium with A on rough horizontal ground and with B against a
smooth vertical wall.
The beam is inclined to the horizontal at an angle θ, as shown in Figure 2.
The coefficient of friction between the beam and the ground is μ
The beam is modelled as a uniform rod resting in a vertical plane that is perpendicular
to the wall.

Using the model,

1
(a) show that μ  cot θ
2
(5)
A horizontal force of magnitude kmg, where k is a constant, is now applied to the beam
at A.
This force acts in a direction that is perpendicular to the wall and towards the wall.
5 1
Given that tan θ = , μ= and the beam is now in limiting equilibrium,
4 2
(b) use the model to find the value of k.
(5)
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8
*P68824A0820* 
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9
 *P68824A0920* Turn over
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10
*P68824A01020* 
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(Total for Question 3 is 10 marks)

11
 *P68824A01120* Turn over
4.
65 m s−1

α
O

70 m

N A

Figure 3

A small stone is projected with speed 65 m s−1 from a point O at the top of a vertical cliff.
Point O is 70 m vertically above the point N.
Point N is on horizontal ground.
5
The stone is projected at an angle α above the horizontal, where tan α =
12
The stone hits the ground at the point A, as shown in Figure 3.
The stone is modelled as a particle moving freely under gravity.
The acceleration due to gravity is modelled as having magnitude 10 m s−2

Using the model,

(a) find the time taken for the stone to travel from O to A,
(4)
(b) find the speed of the stone at the instant just before it hits the ground at A.
(5)
One limitation of the model is that it ignores air resistance.
(c) State one other limitation of the model that could affect the reliability of
your answers.
(1)
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12
*P68824A01220* 
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 *P68824A01320* Turn over
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*P68824A01420* 
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(Total for Question 4 is 10 marks)

15
 *P68824A01520* Turn over
5. At time t seconds, a particle P has velocity v m s−1, where

v = 3t i − 2t j t > 0
2

(a) Find the acceleration of P at time t seconds, where t > 0

(2)
(b) Find the value of t at the instant when P is moving in the direction of i − j
(3)
At time t seconds, where t > 0, the position vector of P, relative to a fixed origin O,
is r metres.
When t = 1, r = −j
(c) Find an expression for r in terms of t.
(3)
(d) Find the exact distance of P from O at the instant when P is moving with
speed 10 m s−1
(6)
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*P68824A01620* 
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 *P68824A01720* Turn over
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*P68824A01820* 
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 *P68824A01920* Turn over
Question 5 continued
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(Total for Question 5 is 14 marks)

TOTAL FOR MECHANICS IS 50 MARKS

20
*P68824A02020* 
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE

Monday 18 October 2021 – Afternoon

Paper
reference 9MA0/31
Mathematics
 

Advanced
PAPER 31: Statistics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• Fill
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,

• clearly
centre number and candidate number.
Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are

• – there may
labelled.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided

• Answers without working

be more space than you need.
You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.

• tables the value should be given

may not gain full credit.
Values from statistical tables should be quoted in full. If a calculator is used instead of

•Information
to an equivalent degree of accuracy.
Inexact answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.

•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.

• The marks for each question are shown in brackets

total mark for this part of the examination is 50. There are 6 questions.

– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

• Check your answers if you have time at the end.

Try to answer every question.
Turn over

*P68828A0120*
P68828A
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.

A:1/1/1/1/1/
1. (a) State one disadvantage of using quota sampling compared with simple random
sampling.
(1)
In a university 8% of students are members of the university dance club.
A random sample of 36 students is taken from the university.
The random variable X represents the number of these students who are members of the dance club.
(b) Using a suitable model for X, find
(i) P(X = 4)
(ii) P(X  7)
(3)
Only 40% of the university dance club members can dance the tango.
(c) Find the probability that a student is a member of the university dance club and can
dance the tango.
(1)
A random sample of 50 students is taken from the university.
(d) Find the probability that fewer than 3 of these students are members of the
university dance club and can dance the tango.
(2)
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2
*P68828A0220* 
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(Total for Question 1 is 7 marks)

3
 *P68828A0320* Turn over
2. Marc took a random sample of 16 students from a school and for each student recorded
• the number of letters, x, in their last name
• the number of letters, y, in their first name
His results are shown in the scatter diagram on the next page.
(a) Describe the correlation between x and y.
(1)
Marc suggests that parents with long last names tend to give their children shorter first names.
(b) Using the scatter diagram comment on Marc’s suggestion, giving a reason for your
answer.
(1)
The results from Marc’s random sample of 16 observations are given in the table below.

x 3 6 8 7 5 3 11 3 4 5 4 9 7 10 6 6

y 7 7 4 4 6 8 5 5 8 4 7 4 5 5 6 3

(c) Use your calculator to find the product moment correlation coefficient between
x and y for these data.
(1)
(d) Test whether or not there is evidence of a negative correlation between the number
of letters in the last name and the number of letters in the first name.
You should
• state your hypotheses clearly
• use a 5% level of significance
(3)
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*P68828A0420* 
Question 2 continued.

y
10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 x

5
 *P68828A0520* Turn over
Question 2 continued.
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6
*P68828A0620* 
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(Total for Question 2 is 6 marks)

7
 *P68828A0720* Turn over
3. Stav is studying the large data set for September 2015
He codes the variable Daily Mean Pressure, x, using the formula y = x − 1010
The data for all 30 days from Hurn are summarised by

∑ y = 214 ∑ y2 = 5912
(a) State the units of the variable x
(1)
(b) Find the mean Daily Mean Pressure for these 30 days.
(2)
(c) Find the standard deviation of Daily Mean Pressure for these 30 days.
(3)
Stav knows that, in the UK, winds circulate
• in a clockwise direction around a region of high pressure
• in an anticlockwise direction around a region of low pressure
The table gives the Daily Mean Pressure for 3 locations from the large data set on 26/09/2015

Location Heathrow Hurn Leuchars

Daily Mean Pressure 1029 1028 1028

Cardinal Wind Direction

The Cardinal Wind Directions for these 3 locations on 26/09/2015 were, in random order,

W NE E

You may assume that these 3 locations were under a single region of pressure.
(d) Using your knowledge of the large data set, place each of these Cardinal Wind
Directions in the correct location in the table.
Give a reason for your answer.
(2)
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*P68828A0820* 
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(Total for Question 3 is 8 marks)

9
 *P68828A0920* Turn over
4. A large college produces three magazines.
One magazine is about green issues, one is about equality and one is about sports.
A student at the college is selected at random and the events G, E and S are defined as
follows
G is the event that the student reads the magazine about green issues
E is the event that the student reads the magazine about equality
S is the event that the student reads the magazine about sports
The Venn diagram, where p, q, r and t are probabilities, gives the probability for each
subset.

G E
0.08 0.05 0.09
p
q r

0.36 t
S

(a) Find the proportion of students in the college who read exactly one of these
magazines.
(1)
No students read all three magazines and P(G) = 0.25
(b) Find
(i) the value of p
(ii) the value of q
(3)
5
Given that P( S | E ) =
12
(c) find
(i) the value of r
(ii) the value of t
(4)
(d) Determine whether or not the events (S ∩ Eʹ) and G are independent.
Show your working clearly.
(3)
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10
*P68828A01020* 
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11
 *P68828A01120* Turn over
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12
*P68828A01220* 
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(Total for Question 4 is 11 marks)

13
 *P68828A01320* Turn over
5. The heights of females from a country are normally distributed with
• a mean of 166.5 cm
• a standard deviation of 6.1 cm
Given that 1% of females from this country are shorter than k cm,
(a) find the value of k
(2)
(b) Find the proportion of females from this country with heights between 150 cm
and 175 cm
(1)
A female, from this country, is chosen at random from those with heights between
150 cm and 175 cm
(c) Find the probability that her height is more than 160 cm
(4)
The heights of females from a different country are normally distributed with a standard
deviation of 7.4 cm
Mia believes that the mean height of females from this country is less than 166.5 cm
Mia takes a random sample of 50 females from this country and finds the mean of her
sample is 164.6 cm
(d) Carry out a suitable test to assess Mia’s belief.
You should
• state your hypotheses clearly
• use a 5% level of significance
(4)
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14
*P68828A01420* 
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15
 *P68828A01520* Turn over
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16
*P68828A01620* 
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(Total for Question 5 is 11 marks)

17
 *P68828A01720* Turn over
6. The discrete random variable X has the following probability distribution

x a b c
P(X = x) log36 a log36 b log36 c

where
• a, b and c are distinct integers (a < b < c)
• all the probabilities are greater than zero
(a) Find
(i) the value of a
(ii) the value of b
(iii) the value of c
Show your working clearly.
(5)
The independent random variables X1 and X2 each have the same distribution as X
(b) Find P( X1 = X2 )
(2)
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18
*P68828A01820* 
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19
 *P68828A01920* Turn over
Question 6 continued.
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(Total for Question 6 is 7 marks)

TOTAL FOR STATISTICS IS 50 MARKS

20
*P68828A02020* 
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
Level 3 GCE
Monday 19 October 2020
Afternoon Paper Reference 9MA0/32

Mathematics
Advanced
Paper 32: Mechanics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

*P66789A0120*
P66789A
©2020 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1/1/
3
1. A rough plane is inclined to the horizontal at an angle α , where tan α =
4
A brick P of mass m is placed on the plane.
The coefficient of friction between P and the plane is μ
Brick P is in equilibrium and on the point of sliding down the plane.
Brick P is modelled as a particle.
Using the model,
(a) find, in terms of m and g, the magnitude of the normal reaction of the plane on brick P
(2)
3
(b) show that μ =
4
(4)
For parts (c) and (d), you are not required to do any further calculations.
Brick P is now removed from the plane and a much heavier brick Q is placed on
the plane.
3
The coefficient of friction between Q and the plane is also
4
(c) Explain briefly why brick Q will remain at rest on the plane.
(1)
Brick Q is now projected with speed 0.5 m s−1 down a line of greatest slope of the plane.
Brick Q is modelled as a particle.
Using the model,
(d) describe the motion of brick Q, giving a reason for your answer.
(2)
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(Total for Question 1 is 9 marks)

5
*P66789A0520* Turn over
2. A particle P moves with acceleration (4i − 5j) m s−2
At time t = 0, P is moving with velocity (−2i + 2j) m s−1
(a) Find the velocity of P at time t = 2 seconds.
(2)
At time t = 0, P passes through the origin O.
At time t = T seconds, where T > 0, the particle P passes through the point A.
The position vector of A is (λi − 4.5j)m relative to O, where λ is a constant.
(b) Find the value of T.
(4)
(c) Hence find the value of λ
(2)
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6
*P66789A0620*
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(Total for Question 2 is 8 marks)

7
*P66789A0720* Turn over
3. (i) At time t seconds, where t  0 , a particle P moves so that its acceleration a m s−2
is given by

a = (1 − 4t) i + (3 − t 2) j
At the instant when t = 0, the velocity of P is 36i m s−1
(a) Find the velocity of P when t = 4
(3)
(b) Find the value of t at the instant when P is moving in a direction
perpendicular to i
(3)
(ii) At time t seconds, where t  0 , a particle Q moves so that its position vector
r metres, relative to a fixed origin O, is given by

r = (t 2 − t) i + 3t j
Find the value of t at the instant when the speed of Q is 5 m s−1
(6)
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9
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10
*P66789A01020*
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(Total for Question 3 is 12 marks)

11
*P66789A01120* Turn over
4.
B

Figure 1

A ladder AB has mass M and length 6a.

The end A of the ladder is on rough horizontal ground.
The ladder rests against a fixed smooth horizontal rail at the point C.
The point C is at a vertical height 4a above the ground.
The vertical plane containing AB is perpendicular to the rail.
4
The ladder is inclined to the horizontal at an angle α , where sin α = , as shown in Figure 1.
5
The coefficient of friction between the ladder and the ground is μ.
The ladder rests in limiting equilibrium.
The ladder is modelled as a uniform rod.
Using the model,
9 Mg
(a) show that the magnitude of the force exerted on the ladder by the rail at C is
25
(3)
(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the value of μ.
(7)
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13
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14
*P66789A01420*
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(Total for Question 4 is 10 marks)

15
*P66789A01520* Turn over
5.
U m s−1

45°
O

25 m

N A
100 m

Figure 2
A small ball is projected with speed U m s−1 from a point O at the top of a vertical cliff.
The point O is 25 m vertically above the point N which is on horizontal ground.
The ball is projected at an angle of 45° above the horizontal.
The ball hits the ground at a point A, where AN = 100 m, as shown in Figure 2.
The motion of the ball is modelled as that of a particle moving freely under gravity.
Using this initial model,
(a) show that U = 28
(6)
(b) find the greatest height of the ball above the horizontal ground NA.
(3)
In a refinement to the model of the motion of the ball from O to A, the effect of air
resistance is included.
This refined model is used to find a new value of U.
(c) How would this new value of U compare with 28, the value given in part (a)?
(1)
(d) State one further refinement to the model that would make the model more realistic.
(1)
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*P66789A01620*
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17
*P66789A01720* Turn over
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18
*P66789A01820*
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19
*P66789A01920* Turn over
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(Total for Question 5 is 11 marks)

TOTAL FOR MECHANICS IS 50 MARKS

20
*P66789A02020*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
Level 3 GCE
Monday 19 October 2020
Afternoon Paper Reference 9MA0/31

Mathematics
Advanced
Paper 31: Statistics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• Fill
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,

• clearly
centre number and candidate number.
Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are

• – there may
labelled.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided
be more space than you need.
• Answers without working
You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.

• Values
may not gain full credit.
from statistical tables should be quoted in full. If a calculator is used instead

• Inexact answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.
of tables the value should be given to an equivalent degree of accuracy.

Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.

• Check your answers if you have time at the end.

Try to answer every question.
Turn over

*P66788A0120*
P66788A
©2020 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1/
1. The Venn diagram shows the probabilities associated with four events, A, B, C and D

B
A C
0.07
0.24 p
D
q r
0.16

(a) Write down any pair of mutually exclusive events from A, B, C and D
(1)
Given that P(B) = 0.4
(b) find the value of p
(1)
Given also that A and B are independent
(c) find the value of q
(2)

Given further that P ( Bʹ | C ) = 0.64

(d) find
(i) the value of r
(ii) the value of s
(4)
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2
*P66788A0220*
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(Total for Question 1 is 8 marks)

3
*P66788A0320* Turn over
2. A random sample of 15 days is taken from the large data set for Perth in June and July 1987.
The scatter diagram in Figure 1 displays the values of two of the variables for these 15 days.

0 x
0 10 15 20

Figure 1

(a) Describe the correlation.

(1)
The variable on the x-axis is Daily Mean Temperature measured in °C.
(b) Using your knowledge of the large data set,
(i) suggest which variable is on the y-axis,
(ii) state the units that are used in the large data set for this variable.
(2)
Stav believes that there is a correlation between Daily Total Sunshine and
Daily Maximum Relative Humidity at Heathrow.
He calculates the product moment correlation coefficient between these two variables
for a random sample of 30 days and obtains r = −0.377
(c) Carry out a suitable test to investigate Stav’s belief at a 5% level of significance.
State clearly
● your hypotheses
● your critical value
(3)
On a random day at Heathrow the Daily Maximum Relative Humidity was 97%
(d) Comment on the number of hours of sunshine you would expect on that day,
giving a reason for your answer.
(1)

4
*P66788A0420*
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5
*P66788A0520* Turn over
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6
*P66788A0620*
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(Total for Question 2 is 7 marks)

7
*P66788A0720* Turn over
3. Each member of a group of 27 people was timed when completing a puzzle.
The time taken, x minutes, for each member of the group was recorded.
These times are summarised in the following box and whisker plot.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Time (x minutes)

(a) Find the range of the times.

(1)
(b) Find the interquartile range of the times.
(1)
For these 27 people Σ x = 607.5 and Σ x 2
= 17 623.25

(c) calculate the mean time taken to complete the puzzle,

(1)
(d) calculate the standard deviation of the times taken to complete the puzzle.
(2)
Taruni defines an outlier as a value more than 3 standard deviations above the mean.
(e) State how many outliers Taruni would say there are in these data, giving a reason for
your answer.
(1)
Adam and Beth also completed the puzzle in a minutes and b minutes respectively,
where a > b.
When their times are included with the data of the other 27 people
● the median time increases
● the mean time does not change
(f) Suggest a possible value for a and a possible value for b, explaining how your
values satisfy the above conditions.
(3)
(g) Without carrying out any further calculations, explain why the standard deviation of
all 29 times will be lower than your answer to part (d).
(1)
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(Total for Question 3 is 10 marks)

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4. The discrete random variable D has the following probability distribution

d 10 20 30 40 50
k k k k k
P (D = d )
10 20 30 40 50

where k is a constant.
600
(a) Show that the value of k is
137
(2)
The random variables D1 and D2 are independent and each have the same distribution as D.
(b) Find P (D1 + D2 = 80)
Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
(3)
A single observation of D is made.
The value obtained, d, is the common difference of an arithmetic sequence.
The first 4 terms of this arithmetic sequence are the angles, measured in degrees,
of quadrilateral Q
(c) Find the exact probability that the smallest angle of Q is more than 50°
(5)
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(Total for Question 4 is 10 marks)

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*P66788A01520* Turn over
5. A health centre claims that the time a doctor spends with a patient can be modelled by a
normal distribution with a mean of 10 minutes and a standard deviation of 4 minutes.
(a) Using this model, find the probability that the time spent with a randomly selected
patient is more than 15 minutes.
(1)
Some patients complain that the mean time the doctor spends with a patient is more than
10 minutes.
The receptionist takes a random sample of 20 patients and finds that the mean time the
doctor spends with a patient is 11.5 minutes.
(b) Stating your hypotheses clearly and using a 5% significance level, test whether or
not there is evidence to support the patients’ complaint.
(4)
The health centre also claims that the time a dentist spends with a patient during
a routine appointment, T minutes, can be modelled by the normal distribution
where T ~ N(5, 3.52)
(c) Using this model,
(i) find the probability that a routine appointment with the dentist takes less than 2
minutes
(1)
(ii) find P (T < 2 | T > 0)
(3)
(iii) hence explain why this normal distribution may not be a good model for T.
(1)
The dentist believes that she cannot complete a routine appointment in less than 2 minutes.
She suggests that the health centre should use a refined model only including values
of T > 2
(d) Find the median time for a routine appointment using this new model, giving your
answer correct to one decimal place.
(5)
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(Total for Question 5 is 15 marks)

TOTAL FOR STATISTICS IS 50 MARKS

20
*P66788A02020*
Write your name here
Surname Other names

Pearson Edexcel Centre Number Candidate Number

Level 3 GCE
Mathematics
Advanced
Paper 3: Statistics and Mechanics

Friday 15 June 2018 – Afternoon Paper Reference

Time: 2 hours 9MA0/03

You must have: Total Marks
Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables, calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by the regulations of the

Joint Council for Qualifications. Calculators must not have the facility
for symbolic algebra manipulation, differentiation and integration, or
have retrievable mathematical formulae stored in them.
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
• centre
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• clearly labelled.
Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided

– there may be more space than you need.
• You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
• Answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.
Information
•• AThere
booklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
are 10 questions in this question paper. The total mark for this paper is 100.
• – use this asfora guide
The marks each question are shown in brackets
as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over

*P58350A0136*
P58350A
©2018 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/
SECTION A: STATISTICS

Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

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1. Helen believes that the random variable C, representing cloud cover from the large data
set, can be modelled by a discrete uniform distribution.
(a) Write down the probability distribution for C.
(2)
(b) Using this model, find the probability that cloud cover is less than 50%
(1)
Helen used all the data from the large data set for Hurn in 2015 and found that the
proportion of days with cloud cover of less than 50% was 0.315
(c) Comment on the suitability of Helen’s model in the light of this information.
(1)
(d) Suggest an appropriate refinement to Helen’s model.
(1)
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(Total for Question 1 is 5 marks)

3
*P58350A0336* Turn over
2. Tessa owns a small clothes shop in a seaside town. She records the weekly sales figures, £ w,
and the average weekly temperature, t °C, for 8 weeks during the summer.
The product moment correlation coefficient for these data is −0.915

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(a) Stating your hypotheses clearly and using a 5% level of significance, test whether or
not the correlation between sales figures and average weekly temperature is negative.
(3)
(b) Suggest a possible reason for this correlation.
(1)
Tessa suggests that a linear regression model could be used to model these data.
(c) State, giving a reason, whether or not the correlation coefficient is consistent with
Tessa’s suggestion.
(1)
(d) State, giving a reason, which variable would be the explanatory variable.
(1)
Tessa calculated the linear regression equation as w = 10 755 – 171t

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(e) Give an interpretation of the gradient of this regression equation.
(1)
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(Total for Question 2 is 7 marks)

5
*P58350A0536* Turn over
3. In an experiment a group of children each repeatedly throw a dart at a target.
For each child, the random variable H represents the number of times the dart hits the
target in the first 10 throws.

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Peta models H as B(10, 0.1)
(a) State two assumptions Peta needs to make to use her model.
(2)
(b) Using Peta’s model, find P(H  4)
(1)
For each child the random variable F represents the number of the throw on which the
dart first hits the target.
Using Peta’s assumptions about this experiment,
(c) find P(F = 5)
(2)
Thomas assumes that in this experiment no child will need more than 10 throws for the
dart to hit the target for the first time. He models P(F = n) as

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P(F = n) = 0.01 + (n − 1) × α

where α is a constant.
(d) Find the value of α
(4)
(e) Using Thomas’ model, find P(F = 5)
(1)
(f) Explain how Peta’s and Thomas’ models differ in describing the probability that a
dart hits the target in this experiment.
(1)
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(Total for Question 3 is 11 marks)

9
*P58350A0936* Turn over
4. Charlie is studying the time it takes members of his company to travel to the office.
He stands by the door to the office from 08 40 to 08 50 one morning and asks workers, as
they arrive, how long their journey was.

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(a) State the sampling method Charlie used.
(1)
(b) State and briefly describe an alternative method of non-random sampling Charlie
could have used to obtain a sample of 40 workers.
(2)
Taruni decided to ask every member of the company the time, x minutes, it takes them to
travel to the office.
(c) State the data selection process Taruni used.
(1)
Taruni’s results are summarised by the box plot and summary statistics below.

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10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

Journey time (minutes)

n = 95 ∑ x = 4133 ∑ x2 = 202 294

(d) Write down the interquartile range for these data.

(1)
(e) Calculate the mean and the standard deviation for these data.
(3)
(f) State, giving a reason, whether you would recommend using the mean and standard
deviation or the median and interquartile range to describe these data.
(2)
Rana and David both work for the company and have both moved house since Taruni
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collected her data.
Rana’s journey to work has changed from 75 minutes to 35 minutes and David’s journey
to work has changed from 60 minutes to 33 minutes.
Taruni drew her box plot again and only had to change two values.
(g) Explain which two values Taruni must have changed and whether each of these
values has increased or decreased.
(3)
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(Total for Question 4 is 13 marks)

13
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5. The lifetime, L hours, of a battery has a normal distribution with mean 18 hours and
standard deviation 4 hours.

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Alice’s calculator requires 4 batteries and will stop working when any one battery reaches
the end of its lifetime.
(a) Find the probability that a randomly selected battery will last for longer than 16 hours.
(1)
At the start of her exams Alice put 4 new batteries in her calculator.
She has used her calculator for 16 hours, but has another 4 hours of exams to sit.
(b) Find the probability that her calculator will not stop working for Alice’s remaining exams.
(5)
Alice only has 2 new batteries so, after the first 16 hours of her exams, although her
calculator is still working, she randomly selects 2 of the batteries from her calculator and
replaces these with the 2 new batteries.
(c) Show that the probability that her calculator will not stop working for the remainder
of her exams is 0.199 to 3 significant figures.
(3)

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After her exams, Alice believed that the lifetime of the batteries was more than 18 hours.
She took a random sample of 20 of these batteries and found that their mean lifetime was
19.2 hours.
(d) Stating your hypotheses clearly and using a 5% level of significance, test Alice’s belief.
(5)
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(Total for Question 5 is 14 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION A IS 50 MARKS

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SECTION B: MECHANICS

Unless otherwise stated, whenever a numerical value of g is required, take g = 9.8 m s−2 and give your

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answer to either 2 significant figures or 3 significant figures.

Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

6. At time t seconds, where t  0, a particle P moves in the x-y plane in such a way that its
velocity v m s−1 is given by
1
−
v = t 2 i − 4tj

When t = 1, P is at the point A and when t = 4, P is at the point B.

Find the exact distance AB.
(6)
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(Total for Question 6 is 6 marks)

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7.
40 N

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α
20 kg

Figure 1

A wooden crate of mass 20 kg is pulled in a straight line along a rough horizontal floor
using a handle attached to the crate.
3
The handle is inclined at an angle α to the floor, as shown in Figure 1, where tan α =
4
The tension in the handle is 40 N.
The coefficient of friction between the crate and the floor is 0.14
The crate is modelled as a particle and the handle is modelled as a light rod.
Using the model,
(a) find the acceleration of the crate.

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(6)
The crate is now pushed along the same floor using the handle. The handle is again
inclined at the same angle α to the floor, and the thrust in the handle is 40 N as shown in
Figure 2 below.

40 N
α
20 kg

Figure 2

(b) Explain briefly why the acceleration of the crate would now be less than the
acceleration of the crate found in part (a).
(2)
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(Total for Question 7 is 8 marks)

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8. [In this question i and j are horizontal unit vectors due east and due north respectively
and position vectors are given relative to the fixed point O.]

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A particle P moves with constant acceleration.
At time t = 0, the particle is at O and is moving with velocity (2i − 3j) m s−1
At time t = 2 seconds, P is at the point A with position vector (7i − 10j) m.
(a) Show that the magnitude of the acceleration of P is 2.5 m s−2
(4)
At the instant when P leaves the point A, the acceleration of P changes so that P now
moves with constant acceleration (4i + 8.8j) m s−2
At the instant when P reaches the point B, the direction of motion of P is north east.
(b) Find the time it takes for P to travel from A to B.
(4)
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(Total for Question 8 is 8 marks)

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9.

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x
P α
A B
2a

Figure 3

A plank, AB, of mass M and length 2a, rests with its end A against a rough vertical wall.
The plank is held in a horizontal position by a rope. One end of the rope is attached to the plank
at B and the other end is attached to the wall at the point C, which is vertically above A.

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A small block of mass 3M is placed on the plank at the point P, where AP = x.
The plank is in equilibrium in a vertical plane which is perpendicular to the wall.
3
The angle between the rope and the plank is α, where tan α = , as shown in Figure 3.
4
The plank is modelled as a uniform rod, the block is modelled as a particle and the rope
is modelled as a light inextensible string.
5Mg (3 x + a )
(a) Using the model, show that the tension in the rope is
6a
(3)
The magnitude of the horizontal component of the force exerted on the plank at A by the
wall is 2 Mg.
(b) Find x in terms of a.
(2)
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angle β with the horizontal.
(c) Find the value of tan β
(5)
The rope will break if the tension in it exceeds 5 Mg.
(d) Explain how this will restrict the possible positions of P. You must justify your
answer carefully.
(3)

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*P58350A03036*
Question 9 continued
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(Total for Question 9 is 13 marks)

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*P58350A03136* Turn over
10.
U

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α
A
3m
2m
T

Figure 4

A boy throws a ball at a target. At the instant when the ball leaves the boy’s hand at the
point A, the ball is 2 m above horizontal ground and is moving with speed U at an angle α
above the horizontal.
In the subsequent motion, the highest point reached by the ball is 3 m above the ground.
The target is modelled as being the point T, as shown in Figure 4.
The ball is modelled as a particle moving freely under gravity.

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Using the model,
2g
(a) show that U 2 = .
sin 2 α
(2)
The point T is at a horizontal distance of 20 m from A and is at a height of 0.75 m above
the ground. The ball reaches T without hitting the ground.
(b) Find the size of the angle α
(9)
(c) State one limitation of the model that could affect your answer to part (b).
(1)
(d) Find the time taken for the ball to travel from A to T.
(3)
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Question 10 continued
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*P58350A03536* Turn over
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(Total for Question 10 is 15 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION B IS 50 MARKS

TOTAL FOR PAPER IS 100 MARKS

36
*P58350A03636*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE

Thursday 25 May 2023
Afternoon Paper
reference 8MA0/22
Mathematics
 

Advanced Subsidiary
PAPER 22: Mechanics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• Fill
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,

• Answer
centre number and candidate number.
all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions

• Answer
are clearly labelled.
the questions in the spaces provided

• You
– there may be more space than you need.
should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
• Unless otherwise indicated, wherever a value of g is required, take g = 9.8 m s
and give your answer to either 2 significant figures or 3 significant figures.
–2

Information
•• AThebooklet 'Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables' is provided.

• The
total mark for this part of the examination is 30. There are 4 questions.
marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

• Check your answers if you have time at the end.

Try to answer every question.
Turn over

*P74090A0112*
P74090A
©2022 Pearson Education Ltd.

N:1/1/1/1/
1.

Velocity (m s–1)

4 (P)

X (S)

0 5 27.5 Time (s)

Figure 1

Two children, Pat (P) and Sam (S), run a race along a straight horizontal track.
Both children start from rest at the same time and cross the finish line at the same time.
In a model of the motion:
Pat accelerates at a constant rate from rest for 5 s until reaching a speed of 4 m s–1 and
then maintains a constant speed of 4 m s–1 until crossing the finish line.
Sam accelerates at a constant rate of 1 m s–2 from rest until reaching a speed of X m s–1
and then maintains a constant speed of X m s–1 until crossing the finish line.
Both children take 27.5 s to complete the race.
The velocity-time graphs shown in Figure 1 describe the model of the motion of each
child from the instant they start to the instant they cross the finish line together.
Using the model,
(a) explain why the areas under the two graphs are equal,
(1)
(b) find the acceleration of Pat during the first 5 seconds,
(1)
(c) find, in metres, the length of the race,
(2)
(d) find the value of X, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(4)
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4
*P74090A0412* 
Question 1 continued
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(Total for Question 1 is 8 marks)

5
 *P74090A0512* Turn over
2. A small stone is projected vertically upwards with speed 39.2 m s–1 from a point O.
The stone is modelled as a particle moving freely under gravity from when it is
projected until it hits the ground 10 s later.
Using the model, find
(a) the height of O above the ground,
(3)
(b) the total length of time for which the speed of the stone is less than or equal
to 24.5 m s–1
(3)
(c) State one refinement that could be made to the model that would make your answer
to part (a) more accurate.
(1)
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6
*P74090A0612* 
Question 2 continued
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(Total for Question 2 is 7 marks)

7
 *P74090A0712* Turn over
3. In this question you must show all stages of your working.
Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.
A fixed point O lies on a straight line.
A particle P moves along the straight line such that at time t seconds, t  0, after
passing through O, the velocity of P, v m s–1, is modelled as

v = 15 – t 2 – 2t

(a) Verify that P comes to instantaneous rest when t = 3

(1)
(b) Find the magnitude of the acceleration of P when t = 3
(3)
(c) Find the total distance travelled by P in the interval 0  t  4
(4)
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8
*P74090A0812* 
Question 3 continued
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(Total for Question 3 is 8 marks)

9
 *P74090A0912* Turn over
4.

1200 kg
400 kg

Figure 2

A car of mass 1200 kg is towing a trailer of mass 400 kg along a straight horizontal road
using a tow rope, as shown in Figure 2.
The rope is horizontal and parallel to the direction of motion of the car.
• The resistance to motion of the car is modelled as a constant force of magnitude
2R newtons
• The resistance to motion of the trailer is modelled as a constant force of magnitude
R newtons
• The rope is modelled as being light and inextensible
• The acceleration of the car is modelled as a m s–2
The driving force of the engine of the car is 7400 N and the tension in the tow rope
is 2400 N.
Using the model,
(a) find the value of a
(5)
In a refined model, the rope is modelled as having mass and the acceleration of the car
is found to be a1 m s–2
(b) State how the value of a1 compares with the value of a
(1)
(c) State one limitation of the model used for the resistance to motion of the car.
(1)
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10
*P74090A01012* 
Question 4 continued
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11
 *P74090A01112* Turn over
Question 4 continued
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(Total for Question 4 is 7 marks)

TOTAL FOR MECHANICS IS 30 MARKS

12
*P74090A01212* 
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE

Thursday 25 May 2023
Afternoon Paper
reference 8MA0/21
Mathematics
 

Advanced Subsidiary
PAPER 21: Statistics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations. Calculators

must not have the facility for symbolic algebra manipulation, differentiation and
integration, or have retrievable mathematical formulae stored in them.
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.

•
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,

••
centre number and candidate number.
Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are clearly labelled.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided

•
– there may be more space than you need.
You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.

•
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
Values from statistical tables should be quoted in full. If a calculator is used instead of

•
tables the value should be given to an equivalent degree of accuracy.
Inexact answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.
Information
•• A booklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.

•
The total mark for this part of the examination is 30. There are 5 questions.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

•
Try to answer every question.
Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

P72818A
©2023 Pearson Education Ltd.
N:1/1/1/1/1/
*P72818A0112*
1. The histogram and its frequency polygon below give information about the weights, in
grams, of 50 plums.

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14

Frequency density 8

0
60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68
Weight (grams)

(a) Show that an estimate for the mean weight of the 50 plums is 63.72 grams.
(2)
(b) Calculate an estimate for the standard deviation of the 50 plums.
(2)
Later it was discovered that the scales used to weigh the plums were broken.
Each plum actually weighs 5 grams less than originally thought.
(c) State the effect this will have on the estimate of the standard deviation in part (b).
Give a reason for your answer.
(1)
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*P72818A0212* 
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3
 *P72818A0312* Turn over
2. Fred and Nadine are investigating whether there is a linear relationship between Daily
Mean Pressure, p hPa, and Daily Mean Air Temperature, t °C, in Beijing using the 2015
data from the large data set.

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Fred randomly selects one month from the data set and draws the scatter diagram in
Figure 1 using the data from that month.
The scale has been left off the horizontal axis.

35.0

30.0

25.0
Daily Mean Air
Temperature, t (°C) 20.0

15.0

10.0

5.0

0.0
Daily Mean Pressure, p (hPa)

Figure 1
(a) Describe the correlation shown in Figure 1.
(1)
Nadine chooses to use all of the data for Beijing from 2015 and draws the scatter diagram
in Figure 2.
She uses the same scales as Fred.

35.0

30.0

25.0
Daily Mean Air
Temperature, t (°C) 20.0

15.0

10.0

5.0

0.0
Daily Mean Pressure, p (hPa)

Figure 2

4
*P72818A0412* 
Question 2 continued
(b) Explain, in context, what Nadine can infer about the relationship between p and t
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using the information shown in Figure 2.

(1)
(c) Using your knowledge of the large data set, state a value of p for which interpolation
can be used with Figure 2 to predict a value of t.
(1)
(d) Using your knowledge of the large data set, explain why it is not meaningful to look
for a linear relationship between Daily Mean Wind Speed (Beaufort Conversion)
and Daily Mean Air Temperature in Beijing in 2015.
(1)
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5
 *P72818A0512* Turn over
3. In an after-school club, students can choose to take part in Art, Music, both or neither.
There are 45 students that attend the after-school club. Of these

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• 25 students take part in Art
• 12 students take part in both Art and Music
• the number of students that take part in Music is x
(a) Find the range of possible values of x
(2)
One of the 45 students is selected at random.
Event A is the event that the student selected takes part in Art.
Event M is the event that the student selected takes part in Music.
(b) Determine whether or not it is possible for the events A and M to be independent.
(4)
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*P72818A0612* 
Question 3 continued
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7
 *P72818A0712* Turn over
4. Past information shows that 25% of adults in a large population have a
particular allergy.

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Rylan believes that the proportion that has the allergy differs from 25%
He takes a random sample of 50 adults from the population.
Rylan carries out a test of the null hypothesis H0: p = 0.25 using a 5% level of
significance.
(a) Write down the alternative hypothesis for Rylan’s test.
(1)
(b) Find the critical region for this test.
You should state the probability associated with each tail, which should be as close
to 2.5% as possible.
(4)
(c) State the actual probability of incorrectly rejecting H0 for this test.
(1)
Rylan finds that 10 of the adults in his sample have the allergy.
(d) State the conclusion of Rylan’s hypothesis test.
(1)
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*P72818A0812* 
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9
 *P72818A0912* Turn over
5. Julia selects 3 letters at random, one at a time without replacement, from the word

VAR IAN C E

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The discrete random variable X represents the number of times she selects a letter A.
(a) Find the complete probability distribution of X.
(5)
Yuki selects 10 letters at random, one at a time with replacement, from the word

D E V IAT I O N
(b) Find the probability that he selects the letter E at least 4 times.
(3)
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*P72818A01012* 
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11
 *P72818A01112* Turn over
Question 5 continued
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TOTAL FOR STATISTICS IS 30 MARKS

12
*P72818A01212* 
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE

Paper
reference 8MA0/22
Mathematics
 

Advanced Subsidiary
PAPER 22: Mechanics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
total mark for this part of the examination is 30. There are 4 questions.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over

*P68658A0116*
P68658A
©2022 Pearson Education Ltd.

Q:1/1/1/
1. The point A is 1.8 m vertically above horizontal ground.
At time t = 0, a small stone is projected vertically upwards with speed U m s−1 from the
point A.
At time t = T seconds, the stone hits the ground.
The speed of the stone as it hits the ground is 10 m s−1
In an initial model of the motion of the stone as it moves from A to where it hits
the ground
• the stone is modelled as a particle moving freely under gravity
• the acceleration due to gravity is modelled as having magnitude 10 m s−2

Using the model,

(a) find the value of U,
(3)
(b) find the value of T.
(2)
(c) Suggest one refinement, apart from including air resistance, that would make the
model more realistic.
(1)
In reality the stone will not move freely under gravity and will be subject to air resistance.
(d) Explain how this would affect your answer to part (a).
(1)
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*P68658A0216* 
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 *P68658A0316* Turn over
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*P68658A0416* 
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(Total for Question 1 is 7 marks)

5
 *P68658A0516* Turn over
2. A train travels along a straight horizontal track from station P to station Q.
In a model of the motion of the train, at time t = 0 the train starts from rest at P, and
moves with constant acceleration until it reaches its maximum speed of 25 m s−1
The train then travels at this constant speed of 25 m s−1 before finally moving with
constant deceleration until it comes to rest at Q.
The time spent decelerating is four times the time spent accelerating.
The journey from P to Q takes 700 s.
Using the model,
(a) sketch a speed-time graph for the motion of the train between the two stations P and Q.
(1)
The distance between the two stations is 15 km.
Using the model,
(b) show that the time spent accelerating by the train is 40 s,
(3)
(c) find the acceleration, in m s−2, of the train,
(1)
(d) find the speed of the train 572 s after leaving P.
(2)
(e) State one limitation of the model which could affect your answers to parts (b) and (c).
(1)
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*P68658A0616* 
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 *P68658A0716* Turn over
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*P68658A0816* 
Question 2 continued
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(Total for Question 2 is 8 marks)

9
 *P68658A0916* Turn over
3. A fixed point O lies on a straight line.
A particle P moves along the straight line.
At time t seconds, t  0, the distance, s metres, of P from O is given by

1 3 5 2
s= t − t + 6t
3 2

(a) Find the acceleration of P at each of the times when P is at instantaneous rest.
(6)
(b) Find the total distance travelled by P in the interval 0  t  4
(3)
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*P68658A01016* 
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 *P68658A01116* Turn over
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*P68658A01216* 
Question 3 continued
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(Total for Question 3 is 9 marks)

13
 *P68658A01316* Turn over
4.
P

Figure 1

A vertical rope PQ has its end Q attached to the top of a small lift cage.
The lift cage has mass 40 kg and carries a block of mass 10 kg, as shown in Figure 1.
The lift cage is raised vertically by moving the end P of the rope vertically upwards
with constant acceleration 0.2 m s−2
The rope is modelled as being light and inextensible and air resistance is ignored.
Using the model,
(a) find the tension in the rope PQ
(3)
(b) find the magnitude of the force exerted on the block by the lift cage.
(3)
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*P68658A01416* 
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 *P68658A01516* Turn over
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(Total for Question 4 is 6 marks)

TOTAL FOR MECHANICS IS 30 MARKS

16
*P68658A01616* 
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE

Paper
reference 8MA0/21
Mathematics
 

Advanced Subsidiary
PAPER 21: Statistics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator permitted by Pearson regulations.

Calculators must not have the facility for symbolic algebra manipulation,
differentiation and integration, or have retrievable mathematical
formulae stored in them.
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
• clearly
Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are
labelled.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
• Values from statistical tables should be quoted in full. If a calculator is used instead
of tables the value should be given to an equivalent degree of accuracy.
• Inexact answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.
Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
total mark for this part of the examination is 30. There are 5 questions.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

*P69599A0112*
P69599A
©2022 Pearson Education Ltd.

Q:1/1/1/
1. The relationship between two variables p and t is modelled by the regression line with
equation

p = 22 – 1.1 t

The model is based on observations of the independent variable, t, between 1 and 10

(a) Describe the correlation between p and t implied by this model.
(1)
Given that p is measured in centimetres and t is measured in days,
(b) state the units of the gradient of the regression line.
(1)
Using the model,
(c) calculate the change in p over a 3‑day period.
(2)
Tisam uses this model to estimate the value of p when t = 19
(d) Comment, giving a reason, on the reliability of this estimate.
(1)
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*P69599A0212* 
Question 1 continued
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(Total for Question 1 is 5 marks)

3
 *P69599A0312* Turn over
2. A manufacturer of sweets knows that 8% of the bags of sugar delivered from supplier A will
be damp.
A random sample of 35 bags of sugar is taken from supplier A.
(a) Using a suitable model, find the probability that the number of bags of sugar that are
damp is
(i) exactly 2
(ii) more than 3
(3)
Supplier B claims that when it supplies bags of sugar, the proportion of bags that are
damp is less than 8%
The manufacturer takes a random sample of 70 bags of sugar from supplier B and finds
that only 2 of the bags are damp.
(b) Carry out a suitable test to assess supplier B’s claim.
You should state your hypotheses clearly and use a 10% level of significance.
(4)
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*P69599A0412* 
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(Total for Question 2 is 7 marks)

5
 *P69599A0512* Turn over
3. The histogram summarises the heights of 256 seedlings two weeks after they were planted.

Frequency
density
30

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Height of seedling (cm)

(a) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median height of the seedlings.
(4)
Chris decides to model the frequency density for these 256 seedlings by a curve with equation

y = kx(8 – x) 0x8

where k is a constant.
(b) Find the value of k
(3)
Using this model,
(c) write down the median height of the seedlings.
(1)
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6
*P69599A0612* 
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7
 *P69599A0712* Turn over
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(Total for Question 3 is 8 marks)

8
*P69599A0812* 
4. Jiang is studying the variable Daily Mean Pressure from the large data set.
He drew the following box and whisker plot for these data for one of the months for one
location using a linear scale but
• he failed to label all the values on the scale
• he gave an incorrect value for the median

1200
Daily Mean Pressure (hPa)

Using your knowledge of the large data set, suggest a suitable value for
(a) the median,
(1)
(b) the range.
(1)
(
You are not expected to have memorised values from the large data set. The question is simply
looking for sensible answers.)
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(Total for Question 4 is 2 marks)

9
 *P69599A0912* Turn over
5. Manon has two biased spinners, one red and one green.
The random variable R represents the score when the red spinner is spun.
The random variable G represents the score when the green spinner is spun.
The probability distributions for R and G are given below.

r 2 3 g 1 4

1 3 2 1
P(R = r) P(G = g)
4 4 3 3

Manon spins each spinner once and adds the two scores.
(a) Find the probability that
(i) the sum of the two scores is 7
(ii) the sum of the two scores is less than 4
(3)
The random variable X = mR + nG where m and n are integers.

1 1
P(X = 20) = and P(X = 50) =
6 4
(b) Find the value of m and the value of n
(5)
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10
*P69599A01012* 
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11
 *P69599A01112* Turn over
Question 5 continued
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(Total for Question 5 is 8 marks)

TOTAL FOR STATISTICS IS 30 MARKS

12
*P69599A01212* 
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
Level 3 GCE
Paper
reference 8MA0/22
Mathematics
Advanced Subsidiary
PAPER 22: Mechanics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided

– there may be more space than you need.
• You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear. Answers without
working may not gain full credit.
• Unless otherwise indicated, wherever a value of g is required, take g = 9.8 m s
and give your answer to either 2 significant figures or 3 significant figures.
–2

Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
total mark for this part of the examination is 30. There are 3 questions.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
•• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Good luck with your examination.
Turn over

*P66807A0112*
P66807A
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/
1. At time t = 0, a small stone is thrown vertically upwards with speed 14.7 m s−1 from a point A.
At time t = T seconds, the stone passes through A, moving downwards.
The stone is modelled as a particle moving freely under gravity throughout its motion.
Using the model,
(a) find the value of T,
(2)
(b) find the total distance travelled by the stone in the first 4 seconds of its motion.
(4)
(c) State one refinement that could be made to the model, apart from air resistance, that
would make the model more realistic.
(1)
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2
*P66807A0212*
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(Total for Question 1 is 7 marks)

3
*P66807A0312* Turn over
2. A particle P moves along a straight line.
At time t seconds, the velocity v m s−1 of P is modelled as

v = 10t − t 2 − k t  0

where k is a constant.
(a) Find the acceleration of P at time t seconds.
(2)
The particle P is instantaneously at rest when t = 6
(b) Find the other value of t when P is instantaneously at rest.
(4)
(c) Find the total distance travelled by P in the interval 0  t  6
(4)
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*P66807A0412*
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5
*P66807A0512* Turn over
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6
*P66807A0612*
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(Total for Question 2 is 10 marks)

7
*P66807A0712* Turn over
3.

P(2m)
Q(5m)
2h
h

Figure 1

A ball P of mass 2m is attached to one end of a string.

The other end of the string is attached to a ball Q of mass 5m.
The string passes over a fixed pulley.
The system is held at rest with the balls hanging freely and the string taut.
The hanging parts of the string are vertical with P at a height 2h above horizontal
ground and with Q at a height h above the ground, as shown in Figure 1.
The system is released from rest.
In the subsequent motion, Q does not rebound when it hits the ground and P does not
hit the pulley.
The balls are modelled as particles.
The string is modelled as being light and inextensible.
The pulley is modelled as being small and smooth.
Air resistance is modelled as being negligible.
Using this model,
(a) (i) write down an equation of motion for P,
(ii) write down an equation of motion for Q,
(4)
(b) find, in terms of h only, the height above the ground at which P first comes to
instantaneous rest.
(7)
(c) State one limitation of modelling the balls as particles that could affect your answer
to part (b).
(1)
In reality, the string will not be inextensible.
(d) State how this would affect the accelerations of the particles.
(1)

8
*P66807A0812*
Question 3 continued
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9
*P66807A0912* Turn over
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10
*P66807A01012*
Question 3 continued
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11
*P66807A01112* Turn over
Question 3 continued
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(Total for Question 3 is 13 marks)

TOTAL FOR MECHANICS IS 30 MARKS

12
*P66807A01212*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
Level 3 GCE
Paper
reference 8MA0/21
Mathematics
Advanced Subsidiary
PAPER 21: Statistics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables, calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• Fill
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,

• labelled.
centre number and candidate number.
Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions are clearly

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided

– there may be more space than you need.
• You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.

• Values
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
from statistical tables should be quoted in full. If a calculator is used

•Information
instead of tables the value should be given to an equivalent degree of accuracy.
Inexact answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.

•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.

• The marks for each question are shown in brackets

total mark for this part of the examination is 30. There are 5 questions.

– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

• Check
Try to answer every question.
your answers if you have time at the end.
• Good luck with your examination. Turn over

*P66806A0116*
P66806A
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1/
1.

A B
0.1 C
0.2 0.2
0.2

The Venn diagram, where p is a probability, shows the 3 events A, B and C with their
associated probabilities.
(a) Find the value of p.
(1)
(b) Write down a pair of mutually exclusive events from A, B and C.
(1)
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*P66806A0216*
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(Total for Question 1 is 2 marks)

3
*P66806A0316* Turn over
2. The partially completed table and partially completed histogram give information about
the ages of passengers on an airline.
There were no passengers aged 90 or over.

Age (x years) 0x<5 5  x < 20 20  x < 40 40  x < 65 65  x < 80 80  x < 90

Frequency 5 45 90 1

Frequency
density

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 x
Age (years)

(a) Complete the histogram.

(3)
(b) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median age.
(4)
An outlier is defined as a value greater than Q3 + 1.5 × interquartile range.
Given that Q1 = 27.3 and Q3 = 58.9
(c) determine, giving a reason, whether or not the oldest passenger could be considered
as an outlier.
(2)

4
*P66806A0416*
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5
*P66806A0516* Turn over
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6
*P66806A0616*
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(Total for Question 2 is 9 marks)

7
*P66806A0716* Turn over
3. Helen is studying one of the qualitative variables from the large data set for Heathrow
from 2015.
She started with the data from 3rd May and then took every 10th reading.
There were only 3 different outcomes with the following frequencies

Outcome A B C

Frequency 16 2 1

(a) State the sampling technique Helen used.

(1)
(b) From your knowledge of the large data set
(i) suggest which variable was being studied,
(ii) state the name of outcome A.
(2)
George is also studying the same variable from the large data set for Heathrow from 2015.
He started with the data from 5th May and then took every 10th reading and obtained
the following

Outcome A B C

Frequency 16 1 1

Helen and George decided they should examine all of the data for this variable for
Heathrow from 2015 and obtained the following

Outcome A B C

Frequency 155 26 3

(c) State what inference Helen and George could reliably make from their original
samples about the outcomes of this variable at Heathrow, for the period covered by
the large data set in 2015.
(1)
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8
*P66806A0816*
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(Total for Question 3 is 4 marks)

9
*P66806A0916* Turn over
4. A nursery has a sack containing a large number of coloured beads of which 14% are
coloured red.
Aliya takes a random sample of 18 beads from the sack to make a bracelet.
(a) State a suitable binomial distribution to model the number of red beads in Aliya’s
bracelet.
(1)
(b) Use this binomial distribution to find the probability that
(i) Aliya has just 1 red bead in her bracelet,
(ii) there are at least 4 red beads in Aliya’s bracelet.
(3)
(c) Comment on the suitability of a binomial distribution to model this situation.
(1)
After several children have used beads from the sack, the nursery teacher decides to test
whether or not the proportion of red beads in the sack has changed.
She takes a random sample of 75 beads and finds 4 red beads.
(d) Stating your hypotheses clearly, use a 5% significance level to carry out a suitable
test for the teacher.
(4)
(e) Find the p‑value in this case.
(1)
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*P66806A01016*
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11
*P66806A01116* Turn over
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12
*P66806A01216*
Question 4 continued
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(Total for Question 4 is 10 marks)

13
*P66806A01316* Turn over
5. Two bags, A and B, each contain balls which are either red or yellow or green.
Bag A contains 4 red, 3 yellow and n green balls.
Bag B contains 5 red, 3 yellow and 1 green ball.
A ball is selected at random from bag A and placed into bag B.
A ball is then selected at random from bag B and placed into bag A.
The probability that bag A now contains an equal number of red, yellow and green balls
is p.
Given that p > 0, find the possible values of n and p.
(5)
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14
*P66806A01416*
Question 5 continued
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15
*P66806A01516* Turn over
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(Total for Question 5 is 5 marks)

TOTAL FOR STATISTICS IS 30 MARKS

16
*P66806A01616*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
Level 3 GCE
Wednesday 14 October 2020
Afternoon Paper Reference 8MA0/22

Mathematics
Advanced Subsidiary
Paper 22: Mechanics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided

– there may be more space than you need.
• You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
• and
Unless otherwise indicated, wherever a value of g is required, take g = 9.8 m s
give your answer to either 2 significant figures or 3 significant figures.
–2

Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
total mark for this part of the examination is 30. There are 3 questions.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

1/1/1/1/
1. At time t = 0, a small ball is projected vertically upwards with speed U m s–1 from a
point A that is 16.8 m above horizontal ground.
The speed of the ball at the instant immediately before it hits the ground for the first time
is 19 m s–1
The ball hits the ground for the first time at time t = T seconds.
The motion of the ball, from the instant it is projected until the instant just before it hits
the ground for the first time, is modelled as that of a particle moving freely under gravity.
The acceleration due to gravity is modelled as having magnitude 10 m s–2
Using the model,
(a) show that U = 5
(2)
(b) find the value of T,
(2)
(c) find the time from the instant the ball is projected until the instant when the ball is
1.2 m below A.
(4)

(d) Sketch a velocity‑time graph for the motion of the ball for 0  t  T, stating the
coordinates of the start point and the end point of your graph.
(2)
In a refinement of the model of the motion of the ball, the effect of air resistance on the
ball is included and this refined model is now used to find the value of U.
(e) State, with a reason, how this new value of U would compare with the value found in
part (a), using the initial unrefined model.
(1)
(f) Suggest one further refinement that could be made to the model, apart from including
air resistance, that would make the model more realistic.
(1)
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*P63936A0212*
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*P63936A0412*
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(Total for Question 1 is 12 marks)

5
*P63936A0512* Turn over
2.

Q (3m)

P (4m)

Figure 1

One end of a string is attached to a small ball P of mass 4m.

The other end of the string is attached to another small ball Q of mass 3m.
The string passes over a fixed pulley.
Ball P is held at rest with the string taut and the hanging parts of the string vertical, as
shown in Figure 1.
Ball P is released.
The string is modelled as being light and inextensible, the balls are modelled as particles,
the pulley is modelled as being smooth and air resistance is ignored.
(a) Using the model, find, in terms of m and g, the magnitude of the force exerted on the
pulley by the string while P is falling and before Q hits the pulley.
(8)
(b) State one limitation of the model, apart from ignoring air resistance, that will affect
the accuracy of your answer to part (a).
(1)
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*P63936A0612*
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*P63936A0712* Turn over
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8
*P63936A0812*
Question 2 continued
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(Total for Question 2 is 9 marks)

9
*P63936A0912* Turn over
3. A particle P moves along a straight line such that at time t seconds, t  0, after leaving
the point O on the line, the velocity, v m s–1, of P is modelled as

v = (7 – 2t)(t + 2)

(a) Find the value of t at the instant when P stops accelerating.

(4)
(b) Find the distance of P from O at the instant when P changes its direction of motion.
(5)
In this question, solutions relying on calculator technology are not acceptable.

10
*P63936A01012*
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*P63936A01112* Turn over
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(Total for Question 3 is 9 marks)

TOTAL FOR MECHANICS IS 30 MARKS

12
*P63936A01212*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
Level 3 GCE
Wednesday 14 October 2020
Afternoon Paper Reference 8MA0/21

Mathematics
Advanced Subsidiary
Paper 21: Statistics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables (Green), calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• centre
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,

• are clearlyalllabelled.
number and candidate number.
Answer questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided

• You
– there may be more space than you need.
should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.

• Values
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
from statistical tables should be quoted in full. If a calculator is used

• Inexact
instead of tables the value should be given to an equivalent degree of accuracy.
answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise
stated.
Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.

• The
total mark for this part of the examination is 30. There are 5 questions.
marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

• Check your answers if you have time at the end.

Try to answer every question.
Turn over

1/1/1/1/
1.

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Frequency
density

0
0 5 10 15 20 25
Time (minutes)
Figure 1

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The histogram in Figure 1 shows the times taken to complete a crossword by a random
sample of students.
The number of students who completed the crossword in more than 15 minutes is 78
Estimate the percentage of students who took less than 11 minutes to complete
the crossword.
(4)
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2
*P63935A0216*
Question 1 continued
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(Total for Question 1 is 4 marks)

3
*P63935A0316* Turn over
2. Jerry is studying visibility for Camborne using the large data set June 1987.
The table below contains two extracts from the large data set.

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It shows the daily maximum relative humidity and the daily mean visibility.

Daily Maximum
Date Daily Mean Visibility
Relative Humidity
Units %
10/06/1987 90 5300
28/06/1987 100 0

(The units for Daily Mean Visibility are deliberately omitted.)

Given that daily mean visibility is given to the nearest 100,
(a) write down the range of distances in metres that corresponds to the recorded value 0
for the daily mean visibility.
(1)
Jerry drew the following scatter diagram, Figure 2, and calculated some statistics using

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the June 1987 data for Camborne from the large data set.

5000

4000 Q1 IQR
Daily Daily mean visibility 1100 1600
mean 3000
visibility Daily maximum relative
92 8
humidity (%)
2000

1000

80 85 90 95 100
Daily maximum relative humidity
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Jerry defines an outlier as a value that is more than 1.5 times the interquartile range
above Q3 or more than 1.5 times the interquartile range below Q1.
(b) Show that the point circled on the scatter diagram is an outlier for visibility.
(2)
(c) Interpret the correlation between the daily mean visibility and the daily maximum
relative humidity.
(1)

4
*P63935A0416*
Jerry drew the following scatter diagram, Figure 3, using the June 1987 data for
Camborne from the large data set, but forgot to label the x–axis.
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5000

Daily 4000
mean
visibility 3000

2000

1000

O 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Figure 3
(d) Using your knowledge of the large data set, suggest which variable the x-axis on this
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scatter diagram represents.

(1)
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*P63935A0516* Turn over
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*P63935A0616*
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(Total for Question 2 is 5 marks)

7
*P63935A0716* Turn over
3. In a game, a player can score 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 points each time the game is played.
The random variable S, representing the player’s score, has the following

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probability distribution where a, b and c are constants.

s 0 1 2 3 4
P(S = s) a b c 0.1 0.15

The probability of scoring less than 2 points is twice the probability of scoring at
least 2 points.
Each game played is independent of previous games played.
John plays the game twice and adds the two scores together to get a total.
Calculate the probability that the total is 6 points.
(6)
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8
*P63935A0816*
Question 3 continued
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(Total for Question 3 is 6 marks)

9
*P63935A0916* Turn over
4. A lake contains three different types of carp.
There are an estimated 450 mirror carp, 300 leather carp and 850 common carp.

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Tim wishes to investigate the health of the fish in the lake.
He decides to take a sample of 160 fish.
(a) Give a reason why stratified random sampling cannot be used.
(1)
(b) Explain how a sample of size 160 could be taken to ensure that the estimated
populations of each type of carp are fairly represented.
You should state the name of the sampling method used.
(2)
As part of the health check, Tim weighed the fish.
His results are given in the table below.

Weight (w kg) Frequency (f) Midpoint (m kg)

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2  w < 3.5 8 2.75
3.5  w < 4 32 3.75
4  w < 4.5 64 4.25
4.5  w < 5 40 4.75
5w<6 16 5.5

(You may use fm 692 and fm 2

3053)

(c) Calculate an estimate for the standard deviation of the weight of the carp.
(2)
Tim realised that he had transposed the figures for 2 of the weights of the fish.
He had recorded in the table 2.3 instead of 3.2 and 4.6 instead of 6.4
(d) Without calculating a new estimate for the standard deviation, state what effect
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(ii) using the correct figure of 6.4 instead of 4.6

would have on your estimated standard deviation.
Give a reason for each of your answers.
(2)
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10
*P63935A01016*
Question 4 continued
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*P63935A01116* Turn over
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*P63935A01216*
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(Total for Question 4 is 7 marks)

13
*P63935A01316* Turn over
5. Afrika works in a call centre.
She assumes that calls are independent and knows, from past experience, that on each sales call

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1
that she makes there is a probability of that it is successful.
6
Afrika makes 9 sales calls.
(a) Calculate the probability that at least 3 of these sales calls will be successful.
(2)
The probability of Afrika making a successful sales call is the same each day.
Afrika makes 9 sales calls on each of 5 different days.
(b) Calculate the probability that at least 3 of the sales calls will be successful on exactly
1 of these days.
(2)
Rowan works in the same call centre as Afrika and believes he is a more successful
salesperson.
To check Rowan’s belief, Afrika monitors the next 35 sales calls Rowan makes and finds

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that 11 of the sales calls are successful.
(c) Stating your hypotheses clearly test, at the 5% level of significance, whether or not
there is evidence to support Rowan’s belief.
(4)
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*P63935A01416*
Question 5 continued
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*P63935A01516* Turn over
Question 5 continued
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(Total for Question 5 is 8 marks)

TOTAL FOR STATISTICS IS 30 MARKS

16
*P63935A01616*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
Level 3 GCE
Wednesday 22 May 2019
Morning Paper Reference 8MA0-22

Mathematics
Advanced Subsidiary
Paper 22: Mechanics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables, calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided

– there may be more space than you need.
• You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
• Answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.
Information
•• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
total mark for this part of the examination is 30. There are 3 questions.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• and
Unless otherwise indicated, wherever a value of g is required, take g = 9.8 m s
give your answer to either 2 significant figures or 3 significant figures.
–2

Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

1/1/1/1/1/1/
*P63361A0116*
Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

1. At time t = 0, a parachutist falls vertically from rest from a helicopter which is hovering

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at a height of 550 m above horizontal ground.
The parachutist, who is modelled as a particle, falls for 3 seconds before her parachute opens.
While she is falling, and before her parachute opens, she is modelled as falling freely
under gravity.
The acceleration due to gravity is modelled as being 10 m s–2.
(a) Using this model, find the speed of the parachutist at the instant her parachute opens.
(1)
When her parachute is open, the parachutist continues to fall vertically.
Immediately after her parachute opens, she decelerates at 12 m s–2 for 2 seconds before
reaching a constant speed and she reaches the ground with this speed.
The total time taken by the parachutist to fall the 550 m from the helicopter to the ground
is T seconds.

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(b) Sketch a speed-time graph for the motion of the parachutist for 0 - t - T.
(2)
(c) Find, to the nearest whole number, the value of T.
(5)
In a refinement of the model of the motion of the parachutist, the effect of air resistance
is included before her parachute opens and this refined model is now used to find a new
value of T.
(d) How would this new value of T compare with the value found, using the initial model,
in part (c)?
(1)
(e) Suggest one further refinement to the model, apart from air resistance, to make the
model more realistic.
(1)
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*P63361A0216*
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*P63361A0316* Turn over
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*P63361A0416*
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(Total for Question 1 is 10 marks)

5
*P63361A0516* Turn over
2.
1.5 m

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P (0.8 kg)

Q (0.6 kg)
0.4 m

Figure 1

A small ball, P, of mass 0.8 kg, is held at rest on a smooth horizontal table and is attached
to one end of a thin rope.

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The rope passes over a pulley that is fixed at the edge of the table.
The other end of the rope is attached to another small ball, Q, of mass 0.6 kg, that hangs
freely below the pulley.
Ball P is released from rest, with the rope taut, with P at a distance of 1.5 m from the
pulley and with Q at a height of 0.4 m above the horizontal floor, as shown in Figure 1.
Ball Q descends, hits the floor and does not rebound.
The balls are modelled as particles, the rope as a light and inextensible string and the pulley
as small and smooth.
Using this model,
(a) show that the acceleration of Q, as it falls, is 4.2 m s–2
(5)
(b) find the time taken by P to hit the pulley from the instant when P is released.
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(6)
(c) State one limitation of the model that will affect the accuracy of your answer to part (a).
(1)
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*P63361A0616*
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*P63361A0716* Turn over
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*P63361A0816*
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(Total for Question 2 is 12 marks)

9
*P63361A0916* Turn over
3. A particle, P, moves along a straight line such that at time t seconds, t . 0, the velocity of P,
v m s–1, is modelled as

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v = 12 + 4t – t 2

Find
(a) the magnitude of the acceleration of P when P is at instantaneous rest,
(5)
(b) the distance travelled by P in the interval 0 - t - 3
(3)
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10
*P63361A01016*
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*P63361A01116* Turn over
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*P63361A01216*
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(Total for Question 3 is 8 marks)

TOTAL FOR MECHANICS IS 30 MARKS

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*P63361A01416*
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Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
Level 3 GCE
Wednesday 22 May 2019
Morning Paper Reference 8MA0-21

Mathematics
Advanced Subsidiary
Paper 21: Statistics

You must have: Total Marks

Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables, calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by Pearson regulations.

Calculators must not have the facility for symbolic algebra
manipulation, differentiation and integration, or have retrievable
mathematical formulae stored in them.
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
• centre
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• are
Answer all questions and ensure that your answers to parts of questions
clearly labelled.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear.
Answers without working may not gain full credit.
• Answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.
Information
• AThebooklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
•• The total mark for this part of the examination is 30. There are 5 questions.
marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

1/1/1/1/1/
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Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

1. A sixth form college has 84 students in Year 12 and 56 students in Year 13

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The head teacher selects a stratified sample of 40 students, stratified by year group.
(a) Describe how this sample could be taken.
(3)
The head teacher is investigating the relationship between the amount of sleep, s hours,
that each student had the night before they took an aptitude test and their performance in
the test, p marks.
For the sample of 40 students, he finds the equation of the regression line of p on s to be

p = 26.1 + 5.60s

(b) With reference to this equation, describe the effect that an extra 0.5 hours of sleep
may have, on average, on a student’s performance in the aptitude test.
(1)
(c) Describe one limitation of this regression model.

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2
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Question 1 continued
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(Total for Question 1 is 5 marks)

3
*P63360A0316* Turn over
2. The Venn diagram shows three events, A, B and C, and their associated probabilities.

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A B
0.10 0.30
y

0
z x

0.39

0.06
C

Events B and C are mutually exclusive.

Events A and C are independent.
Showing your working, find the value of x, the value of y and the value of z.

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(5)
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Question 2 continued
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(Total for Question 2 is 5 marks)

5
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3. A fair 5-sided spinner has sides numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
The spinner is spun once and the score of the side it lands on is recorded.

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(a) Write down the name of the distribution that can be used to model the score of the
side it lands on.
(1)
The spinner is spun 28 times.
The random variable X represents the number of times the spinner lands on 2
(b) (i) Find the probability that the spinner lands on 2 at least 7 times.
(ii) Find P(4 - X 8)
(5)
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Question 3 continued
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(Total for Question 3 is 6 marks)

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4. Joshua is investigating the daily total rainfall in Hurn for May to October 2015
Using the information from the large data set, Joshua wishes to calculate the mean of the

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daily total rainfall in Hurn for May to October 2015
(a) Using your knowledge of the large data set, explain why Joshua needs to clean the
data before calculating the mean.
(1)
Using the information from the large data set, he produces the grouped frequency table below.

Daily total rainfall (r mm) Frequency Midpoint (x mm)

0 - r 0.5 121 0.25

0.5 - r 1.0 10 0.75

1.0 - r 5.0 24 3.0

5.0 - r 10.0 12 7.5

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10.0 - r 30.0 17 20.0

You may use ∑ fx = 539.75 and ∑ fx 2

= 7704.1875

(b) Use linear interpolation to calculate an estimate for the upper quartile of the daily
total rainfall.
(2)
(c) Calculate an estimate for the standard deviation of the daily total rainfall in Hurn for
May to October 2015
(2)
(d) (i) State the assumption involved with using class midpoints to calculate an estimate
of a mean from a grouped frequency table.
(ii) Using your knowledge of the large data set, explain why this assumption does not
hold in this case. DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(iii) State, giving a reason, whether you would expect the actual mean daily total
rainfall in Hurn for May to October 2015 to be larger than, smaller than or the
same as an estimate based on the grouped frequency table.
(3)
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9
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Question 4 continued
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Question 4 continued
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(Total for Question 4 is 8 marks)

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5. Past records show that 15% of customers at a shop buy chocolate. The shopkeeper believes
that moving the chocolate closer to the till will increase the proportion of customers buying
chocolate.

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After moving the chocolate closer to the till, a random sample of 30 customers is taken
and 8 of them are found to have bought chocolate.
Julie carries out a hypothesis test, at the 5% level of significance, to test the shopkeeper’s belief.
Julie’s hypothesis test is shown below.
H0 : p = 0.15
H1 : p . 0.15
Let X = the number of customers who buy chocolate.
X ~ B(30, 0.15)
P(X = 8) = 0.0420
0.0420 0.05 so reject H0

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There is sufficient evidence to suggest that the proportion of customers buying
chocolate has increased.
(a) Identify the first two errors that Julie has made in her hypothesis test.
(2)
(b) Explain whether or not these errors will affect the conclusion of her hypothesis test.
Give a reason for your answer.
(1)
(c) Find, using a 5% level of significance, the critical region for a one-tailed test of the
shopkeeper’s belief. The probability in the tail should be less than 0.05
(2)
(d) Find the actual level of significance of this test.
(1)
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Question 5 continued
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Question 5 continued
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(Total for Question 5 is 6 marks)

TOTAL FOR STATISTICS IS 30 MARKS

16
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Write your name here
Surname Other names

Pearson Edexcel Centre Number Candidate Number

Level 3 GCE
Mathematics
Advanced Subsidiary
Paper 2: Statistics and Mechanics

Wednesday 23 May 2018 – Morning Paper Reference

Time: 1 hour 15 minutes 8MA0/02

You must have: Total Marks
Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables, calculator

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by the regulations of the

Joint Council for Qualifications. Calculators must not have the facility for
symbolic algebra manipulation, differentiation and integration, or have
retrievable mathematical formulae stored in them.

Instructions
•• IfUsepencil
black ink or ball-point pen.
is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
• centre
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Section
There are two sections in this question paper. Answer all the questions in
A and all the questions in Section B.
• – there may bequestions
Answer the in the spaces provided
more space than you need.
• without working may
You should show sufficient working to make your methods clear. Answers
not gain full credit.
• Answers should be given to three significant figures unless otherwise stated.
Information
•• AThere
booklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
are 9 questions in this question paper. The total mark for this paper is 60.
• – use this asfora guide

T he marks each question are shown in brackets
as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

1/1/1/1/1/
SECTION A: STATISTICS

Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

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1. A company is introducing a job evaluation scheme. Points (x) will be awarded to each
job based on the qualifications and skills needed and the level of responsibility. Pay (£y)
will then be allocated to each job according to the number of points awarded.
Before the scheme is introduced, a random sample of 8 employees was taken and the
linear regression equation of pay on points was y = 4.5x – 47
(a) Describe the correlation between points and pay.
(1)
(b) Give an interpretation of the gradient of this regression line.
(1)
(c) Explain why this model might not be appropriate for all jobs in the company.
(1)
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(Total for Question 1 is 3 marks)

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2. A factory buys 10% of its components from supplier A, 30% from supplier B and the rest
from supplier C. It is known that 6% of the components it buys are faulty.

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Of the components bought from supplier A, 9% are faulty and of the components bought
from supplier B, 3% are faulty.
(a) Find the percentage of components bought from supplier C that are faulty.
(3)
A component is selected at random.
(b) Explain why the event “the component was bought from supplier B ” is not
statistically independent from the event “the component is faulty”.
(1)
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(Total for Question 2 is 4 marks)

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3. Naasir is playing a game with two friends. The game is designed to be a game of chance
1
so that the probability of Naasir winning each game is

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3
Naasir and his friends play the game 15 times.
(a) Find the probability that Naasir wins
(i) exactly 2 games,
(ii) more than 5 games.
(3)
1
Naasir claims he has a method to help him win more than of the games. To test this claim,
3
the three of them played the game again 32 times and Naasir won 16 of these games.
(b) Stating your hypotheses clearly, test Naasir’s claim at the 5% level of significance.
(4)
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(Total for Question 3 is 7 marks)

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4. Helen is studying the daily mean wind speed for Camborne using the large data set from 1987.
The data for one month are summarised in Table 1 below.

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Windspeed n/a 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 16
Frequency 13 2 3 2 2 3 1 2 1 2

Table 1
(a) Calculate the mean for these data.
(1)
(b) Calculate the standard deviation for these data and state the units.
(2)
The means and standard deviations of the daily mean wind speed for the other months
from the large data set for Camborne in 1987 are given in Table 2 below. The data are
not in month order.

Month A B C D E
Mean 7.58 8.26 8.57 8.57 11.57

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Standard Deviation 2.93 3.89 3.46 3.87 4.64

Table 2
(c) Using your knowledge of the large data set, suggest, giving a reason, which month
had a mean of 11.57
(2)
The data for these months are summarised in the box plots on the opposite page.
They are not in month order or the same order as in Table 2.
(d) (i) State the meaning of the * symbol on some of the box plots.
(ii) Suggest, giving your reasons, which of the months in Table 2 is most likely to be
summarised in the box plot marked Y.
(3)
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Y
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0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
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(Total for Question 4 is 8 marks)

11
*P58347A01128* Turn over
5. A biased spinner can only land on one of the numbers 1, 2, 3 or 4. The random variable X
represents the number that the spinner lands on after a single spin and P(X = r) = P(X = r + 2)
for r = 1, 2

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Given that P(X = 2) = 0.35
(a) find the complete probability distribution of X.
(2)
Ambroh spins the spinner 60 times.
(b) Find the probability that more than half of the spins land on the number 4
Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
(3)

12
The random variable Y =
X
(c) Find P(Y – X  4)
(3)
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(Total for Question 5 is 8 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION A IS 30 MARKS

15
*P58347A01528* Turn over
SECTION B: MECHANICS
Unless otherwise indicated, wherever a numerical value of g is required, take g = 9.8 m s–2 and give your

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answer to either 2 significant figures or 3 significant figures.

Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

6. A man throws a tennis ball into the air so that, at the instant when the ball leaves his hand,
the ball is 2 m above the ground and is moving vertically upwards with speed 9 m s–1
The motion of the ball is modelled as that of a particle moving freely under gravity and
the acceleration due to gravity is modelled as being of constant magnitude 10 m s–2
The ball hits the ground T seconds after leaving the man’s hand.
Using the model, find the value of T.
(4)
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(Total for Question 6 is 4 marks)

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*P58347A01728* Turn over
7. A train travels along a straight horizontal track between two stations, A and B.
In a model of the motion, the train starts from rest at A and moves with constant

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acceleration 0.3 m s–2 for 80 s.
The train then moves at constant velocity before it moves with a constant deceleration
of 0.5 m s–2, coming to rest at B.
(a) For this model of the motion of the train between A and B,
(i) state the value of the constant velocity of the train,
(ii) state the time for which the train is decelerating,
(iii) sketch a velocity-time graph.
(3)
The total distance between the two stations is 4800 m.
(b) Using the model, find the total time taken by the train to travel from A to B.
(3)
(c) Suggest one improvement that could be made to the model of the motion of the train
from A to B in order to make the model more realistic.

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(1)
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(Total for Question 7 is 7 marks)

21
*P58347A02128* Turn over
8. A particle, P, moves along the x-axis. At time t seconds, t  0, the displacement,
1
x metres, of P from the origin O, is given by x = t 2 (t 2 − 2t + 1)

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2
(a) Find the times when P is instantaneously at rest.
(5)
(b) Find the total distance travelled by P in the time interval 0  t  2
(3)
(c) Show that P will never move along the negative x-axis.
(2)
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(Total for Question 8 is 10 marks)

25
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9.

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(km) Q

P (2m)
Figure 1
Two small balls, P and Q, have masses 2m and km respectively, where k < 2.
The balls are attached to the ends of a string that passes over a fixed pulley.
The system is held at rest with the string taut and the hanging parts of the string vertical,
as shown in Figure 1.
The system is released from rest and, in the subsequent motion, P moves downwards with
5g

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an acceleration of magnitude
7
The balls are modelled as particles moving freely.
The string is modelled as being light and inextensible.
The pulley is modelled as being small and smooth.
Using the model,
(a) find, in terms of m and g, the tension in the string,
(3)
5g
(b) explain why the acceleration of Q also has magnitude
7 (1)
(c) find the value of k.
(4)
(d) Identify one limitation of the model that will affect the accuracy of your answer to
part (c).
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*P58347A02728* Turn over
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(Total for Question 9 is 9 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION B IS 30 MARKS

TOTAL FOR PAPER IS 60 MARKS

28
*P58347A02828*

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