VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELAGAVI – 590 018,

KARNATAKA

Shri Bhagwan Mahaveer Jain Educational & Cultural Trust

JAIN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
BELAGAVI

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

THIRD YEAR
(2024 – 2025)

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT

On
" DIGITAL MILK SAMPLE ANALYZER / SMART LACTOMETR
A SMALL STEP TOWARDS SOCIAL RELEVANCE "

PROJECT GUIDE
Prof. G P Kadam
Dept. of E&CE, JCE, Belagavi

PROJECT MEMBER
Mr. Naveen Patil 2JI20EC071
Mr. Vardhman Patil 2JI21EC170
Mr. Vinayak Rayanaikar 2JI21EC174
Ms. Sneha Kumbar 2JI21EC148
 Shri Bhagwan Mahaveer Jain Educational & Cultural Trust ®
JAIN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BELAGAVI
T.S. NAGAR, MACHHE – 590014, KARNATAKA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Project Work entitled “Digital Milk Sample Analyzer / Smart
Lactometer – A Small Step Towards Social Relevance” carried out by Mr. Naveen
Patil (2JI20EC071), Mr. Vardhman Patil (2JI21EC170), Mr. Vinayak Rayanaikar
(2JI21EC174), Ms. Sneha Kumbar (2JI21EC148) are bonafide students of Department
of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jain College of Engineering,
Belagavi, in partial fulfilment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering of the
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the academic year 2024-2025.
It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for project assessment have been
incorporated in the report. The project report has been approved as it satisfies the academic
requirements in respect of project work prescribed for the Bachelor of Engineering degree.

Prof. G P Kadam Prof. V R Bagali Dr. J. Shivakumar

Project Guide HOD, Dept. of E&CE Principal & Director
Dept. of E&CE, JCE BGM JCE, Belagavi JCE, Belagavi

Name of the examiners Signature with date

1.

2.
 DECLARATION
We Mr. Naveen Patil (2JI20EC071), Mr. Vardhman Patil (2JI21EC170), Mr.

Vinayak Rayanaikar (2JI21EC174), Ms. Sneha Kumbar (2JI21EC148) students of

7th semester B.E. Electronics & Communication Engineering, Jain College of

Engineering, Belagavi hereby declare that the dissertation entitled “Digital Milk

Sample Analyzer / Smart Lactometer – A Small Step Towards Social Relevance”

has been carried out in a batch and submitted in the partial fulfilment of the

requirement for the award of Bachelor’s Degree in Electronics & Communication

Engineering under Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the

academic year 2024 – 25.

Name USN Signature

Mr. Naveen Patil 2JI20EC071

Mr. Vardhman Patil 2JI21EC170

Mr. Vinayak Rayanaikar 2JI21EC174

Ms. Sneha Kumbar 2JI21EC148

Place: Belagavi

Date:
 Jain College of Engineering, Belagavi
Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Vision of Institute
"To be a university as a resource of solution to diverse challenges of society by nurturing
innovation, research & entrepreneurship through value based education."

Mission of Institute
• To provide work culture that facilitates effective teaching-learning process and
lifelong learning skills.

• To promote innovation, collaboration and leadership through best practices.

• To foster industry-institute interaction resulting in entrepreneurship skills and

employment opportunities.

Vision of Department
“To achieve excellence in education and research for developing globally
competent, ethically sound Electronics & Communication Engineers”.

Mission of Department
1. To provide conductive environment through structured student centric,
teaching learning process.
2. To nurture needs of society by infusing scientific temper in students and
to grow as a centre of excellence with efficient industry-institute
interaction.
3. To inculcate self learning skills, entrepreneurial ability and professional
ethics.
 Program Educational Objectives (PEO’s)
1. Graduates will be able to contemplate real-time social problems and
deliver efficient solutions.
2. Graduates will be able to lead and succeed in professional careers.
3. Graduates will contribute through research and enterpreneurship.

Program Specific Outcomes (PSO’s)

Graduates in the UG program in Electronics and communication engineering
will be able to
1. Design, verify and develop analog and digital systems by using state of art
technology to contribute to the societal needs.
2. Apply knowledge in various domain of IoT, real time systems,
communication systems, VLSI and embedded systems, image and signal
processing using hardware and software tools.
 Jain College of Engineering, Belagavi
Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Vision of Institute
"To be a university as a resource of solution to diverse challenges of society by nurturing
innovation, research & entrepreneurship through value based education."

Mission of Institute
• To provide work culture that facilitates effective teaching-learning process and
lifelong learning skills.

• To promote innovation, collaboration and leadership through best practices.

• To foster industry-institute interaction resulting in entrepreneurship skills and

employment opportunities.

Vision of Department
“To achieve excellence in education and research for developing globally
competent, ethically sound Electronics & Communication Engineers”.

Mission of Department
4. To provide conductive environment through structured student centric,
teaching learning process.
5. To nurture needs of society by infusing scientific temper in students and
to grow as a centre of excellence with efficient industry-institute
interaction.
6. To inculcate self learning skills, entrepreneurial ability and professional
ethics.
 Program Educational Objectives (PEO’s)
4. Graduates will be able to contemplate real-time social problems and
deliver efficient solutions.
5. Graduates will be able to lead and succeed in professional careers.
6. Graduates will contribute through research and enterpreneurship.

Program Specific Outcomes (PSO’s)

Graduates in the UG program in Electronics and communication engineering
will be able to
3. Design, verify and develop analog and digital systems by using state of art
technology to contribute to the societal needs.
4. Apply knowledge in various domain of IoT, real time systems,
communication systems, VLSI and embedded systems, image and signal
processing using hardware and software tools.
 Jain College of Engineering, Belagavi
Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering
PROGRAM OUTCOME’S (PO’S)

Engineering Graduates will be able to:

1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of
mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems
and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with
appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and
environmental considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and
research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data,
and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional
engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the
knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities
and norms of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or
leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend
and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and
give and receive clear instructions.
11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a
member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary
environments.
12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to
engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological
change.
 Jain College of Engineering, Belagavi
Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering

CO-PO/PSO Mapping:
L1: Remembering L2: Understanding L3: Applying L4: Analyzing L5: Evaluating L6: Creating
Bloom’s Cognitive
Course Outcomes Description
level
Understand the basic concepts and broad
21ECMP67.01 L3
principles of industrial projects.
Apply the theoretical concepts to solve industrial
21ECMP67.02 problems with team work and multidisciplinary L3
approach.
Get capable of self education and clearly
21ECMP67.03 understand the values of achieving perfection in L3
project implementation and completion.
Demonstrate professionalism with ethics; present
21ECMP67.04 effective communication skills relate engineering L3
issues to broader societal context.
Understand concepts of projects and production
21ECMP67.05 L3
management.

Strength of CO Mapping to PO/PSOs with Justification:

1: Slight (Low) 2: Moderate (Medium) 3: Substantial (High)

PSO1 PSO2
COs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12

CO1 3 3 3 1 1 1 3

CO2 3 3 3 1 3 3 3

CO3 3 3 3 1 1 2 3 3 2 2 3 3

CO4 2 3

CO5 3 3 2 2 3

Avg 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 2 2
3 3
 CO-PO-PSO Justification
CO1 → PO1 (3) • Strongly mapped as students apply the electronics and communication
CO1 → PO2 (3) engineering skills to understand the principles of industrial projects.
• Strongly mapped as students identify, formulate, review research
CO1 → PO3 (3)
literature and analyse complex engineering problems.
CO1 → PO4 (1) • Strongly mapped as students design solutions for complex engineering
CO1 →PO6(1) problems with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety.
• Slightly mapped as students can use research-based knowledge and
CO1 →PO7(1)
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation to
CO1 → PSO3(2) provide valid conclusions.
• Slightly mapped as students can able to understand the impact of
professional engineering project solutions in societal and environmental
contexts.
• Slightly mapped as students can be able to apply reasoning of contextual
project knowledge to assess societal, health and safety issues.
• Strongly mapped as apply knowledge in various domain of IoT, real time
systems, communication systems, VLSI and embedded systems, image
and signal processing using hardware and software tools.

CO2 → PO1 (3) • Strongly mapped as students apply the electronics and communication
CO2 → PO2 (3) engineering skills to understand the principles of industrial projects.
• Strongly mapped as students identify, formulate, review research
CO2 → PO3 (3)
literature and analyse complex engineering problems.
CO2 → PO4 (1) • Strongly mapped as students design solutions for complex engineering
CO2 → PO9 (3) problems with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety.
• Slightly mapped as students can use research-based knowledge and
CO2 → PSO1(3)
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation to
CO2 → PSO2(3) provide valid conclusions.
• Strongly mapped as students can effectively act as an individual, and as
a member or leader and work in a team.
• Strongly mapped as students can design, verify and develop analog and
digital systems by using state of art technology to contribute to the
societal needs and solve industrial problem.
• Strongly mapped as students apply knowledge in various domain of IoT,
real time systems, communication systems, VLSI and embedded
systems, image and signal processing using hardware and software tools
and solve industrial problem.

CO3 → PO1 (3) • Strongly mapped as students apply the electronics and communication
CO3 → PO2 (3) engineering skills to understand the principles of industrial projects.
• Strongly mapped as students identify, formulate, review research
CO3 → PO3 (3)
literature and analyse complex engineering problems.
CO3 → PO4 (1) • Strongly mapped as students design solutions for complex engineering
CO3 →PO5(1) problems with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety.
CO3 → PO8(2) • Slightly mapped as students can use research-based knowledge and
CO3 → PO9 (3) methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation to
provide valid conclusions.
CO3→ PO10 (3)
• Slightly mapped as students can Create, select, and apply appropriate
CO3 → PO11 (2) techniques, resources, and modern engineering and IT tools including
CO3 → PO12 (2) prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities with an
understanding of the limitations.
• Moderately mapped as students can work ethically and professionally in
CO3 → PSO1(3) the industry.
• Strongly mapped as Students can effectively act as an individual, and as
CO3 → PSO2(3)
a member or leader and work in a team.
• Strongly mapped as Students can comprehend and write effective reports
and make documentation with effective presentation.
• Moderately mapped as students can learn to management and financial
skills required for the execution of project.
• Moderately mapped as students can be engaged in life long learning in
the broadest context of technological change through project
implementation and completion.
• Strongly mapped as students can design, verify and develop analog and
digital systems by using state of art technology to contribute to the
societal needs and solve industrial problem.
• Strongly mapped as students apply knowledge in various domain of IoT,
real time systems, communication systems, VLSI and embedded
systems, image and signal processing using hardware and software tools
and solve industrial problem.

CO4 → PO8 (3) • Moderately mapped as students can work ethically and professionally in
CO4→ PO10 (3) the industry.
• Strongly mapped as Students can comprehend and write effective reports
and make documentation with effective presentation.

CO5→ PO9 (3) • Strongly mapped as Students can effectively act as an individual, and as
CO5→ PO10 (3) a member or leader and work in a team.
• Strongly mapped as Students can comprehend and write effective reports
CO5 → PO11 (2)
and make documentation with effective presentation.
CO5 → PO12 (2) • Moderately mapped as students can learn to management and financial
skills required for the execution of project.
• Moderately mapped as students can be engaged in life long learning in
CO5 → PSO1(3) the broadest context of technological change through project
implementation and completion.
• Strongly mapped as students can design, verify and develop analog and
digital systems by using state of art technology to contribute to the
societal needs and solve industrial problem.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Although a single sentence hardly suffices, we would like to thank almighty God for
blessing us with his grace and taking our endeavour to a successful culmination.

We express our gratitude to our guide Prof. G P Kadam, Professor, Dept. of E&CE,
JCE, Belagavi, for his valuable guidance and continual encouragement and assistance
throughout the project work. We greatly appreciate the freedom and collegial respect. We
are grateful to him for discussions about the technical matters and suggestions concerned
to our topic.

We extend our sense of gratitude to Dr. Salma S S, Project Coordinator, Dept. of E&CE,
JCE, Belagavi, for extending support and cooperation which helped us in completion of
the project work.

We extend our sense of gratitude to Prof. V R Bagali, Assistant Professor & Head, Dept.
of E&CE, JCE, Belagavi, for extending support and cooperation which helped us in
completion of the project work.

We would like to express our sincere thanks to Dr. J Shivakumar., Principal, JCE
Belagavi, for extending support and cooperation which helped us in the completion of the
project work.

We would like to extend our gratitude to all staff of Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering for the help and support rendered to us.

We would like to extend our gratitude to all our family members and friends especially for
their advice and moral support.
 ABSTRACT

This project presents the development of a Digital Image Processing Device for
predicting milk quality using advanced image analysis techniques and a user-friendly
graphical user interface (GUI). The device evaluates milk samples through four major
parameters: colour analysis, fat content analysis, adulterant detection, and milk type
classification, along with an estimation of water and milk content percentages. This
holistic analysis ensures comprehensive evaluation and enhanced reliability in assessing
milk purity.

The system processes an uploaded image of a milk sample to extract key features.
Colour analysis evaluates the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) channels of the image to
determine deviations in purity. Fat content analysis identifies fat globules by detecting
clusters using adaptive thresholding on grayscale images, which provides an estimate of
the fat content. Adulterant detection uses grayscale intensity variation, quantified
through standard deviation, to detect possible adulterants like starch or detergents. Milk
type classification leverages RGB mean values to differentiate between cow and buffalo
milk. Additionally, the device incorporates water content analysis, which measures the
intensity of the grayscale image to estimate the level of dilution in the milk sample and
calculates the corresponding milk content percentage.
Dept. of E&CE 14 JCE Belagavi