Department of Education

National Capital Region

SCHOOL S DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

Physical Science
Quarter 1 - Module 5
Rate of Chemical Reaction

Christine Ann G. Faraon

Coleen Michelle L. Magalong

City of Good Character

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 What I Need to Know

Naturally, some chemical reactions occur at an instant while others took a

long time. Also, some substances are not reactive to other substances even we
combine them while others are so reactive. In this module, you will investigate the
factors that are needed to have a successful reaction. Besides, you will also
understand the factors responsible for changing the rate of reaction. This module
would help you in your daily life.

This module is divided into two lessons, namely:

Lesson 1 – Collision Theory

At the end of this module, you are expected to;
1. state and explain collision theory;
2. describe the rate of chemical reactions of substances;
3. identify favorable conditions for the reaction process to happen;
4. define activation energy;
5. identify and describe factors which can affect the rate of reaction; and
6. use simple collision theory to explain the effects of concentration,
temperature, and particle size on the rate of reaction. (S11/12PS-IIIf-23)

Lesson 2 – Catalyst
At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. define activated complex, homogeneous catalyst, and heterogeneous

catalyst;
2. explain the mechanism of a chemical reaction;
3. differentiate between endothermic and exothermic reaction;
4. describe how a catalyst works; and
5. define catalyst and describe how it affects reaction rate. (S11/12PS-IIIf-24)

What I Know

Read the question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following statements best describes the rate if a chemical

reaction?
A. It is the volume in which the reactant particles can occupy.
B. It is the speed in which the reactants are converted into a product.
C. It is the amount of temperature needed to start a chemical reaction.
D. It is the pressure exerted by the reactants during the process of chemical
reaction.

City of Good Character 1

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
2. Which of the following should happen in order for a chemical reaction to occur?
A. The reacting particles should collide with each other.
B. The reacting particles have sufficient energy to break the bonds between particles.
C. The reacting particles should be in an orientation favorable for breaking
the bonds between each particle.
D. all of the above

3. The following factors can affect the rate of chemical reaction

EXCEPT__________.
A. size of the particle
B. concentration of particles
C. the number of reactants use
D. light intensity the mixture is exposed to

4. When the temperature is increased in a chemical reaction, the following will

happen EXCEPT______________.
A. increase in the size of particles
B. increase in kinetic energy of particles
C. increase in the number of collisions between particles
D. increase the reaction rate in both endothermic and exothermic reaction

5. What will happen if you increase the concentration of the reactants?

A. The surface area where particles can easily move in will increase.
B. The speed of the movement of each particle will be increased.
C. The pressure exerted by each particle to one another will increase.
D. The number of collisions between particles of the reactant will increase.

6. What do you call the minimum amount of energy required for a chemical
reaction to occur?
A. Kinetic energy C. Exothermic energy
B. Activation energy D. Endothermic energy

7. Which of the following conditions will decrease the rate of reaction?

A. The size of the particles is big
B. The mixture is constantly stirred
C. The partial pressure is increased
D. The volume of the container is decreased

8. The following are factors that can influence the rate of reaction
EXCEPT__________.
A. volume C. surface area
B. temperature D. concentration

City of Good Character 2

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
9. Which of the following best describes a catalyst?
A. Increases the activation energy of reacting particles.
B. Adds to the concentration of the reactants in a chemical reaction
C. Increases the temperature of reacting particles in chemical reaction
D. Speeds up the process of a chemical reaction, without being consumed

10. What happens to the temperature of the product in an exothermic reaction?

A. The temperature of the product is increased
B. The temperature of the product is decreased
C. The temperature of the product is the same as the reactants.
D. Information is incomplete that is why the temperature cannot be
determined

11. What happens to the temperature of the product in an endothermic

reaction?
A. The temperature of the product is increased.
B. The temperature of the product is decreased.
C. The temperature of the product is the same as the reactants.
D. Information is incomplete that is why the temperature cannot be
determined.

12. The reactants, in an endothermic process, have _________________.

A. no energy C. more energy than the products
B. less energy than the products D. the same energy as the products

13. The reactants, in an exothermic process, have _________________.

A. no energy C. more energy than the products
B. less energy than the products D. the same energy as the products

14. Catalysts generally react with one or more of the reactants to form a
structure, which then reacts to form the final product. What do you call this
structure?
A. activated catalyst C. activated reactants
B. activated complex D. activated products

15. The following statements are true about a catalyst

EXCEPT_________________.
A. is unchanged chemically
B. does not alter the products of the reaction
C. has the same mass at the end of the reaction
D. none of the above is false.

City of Good Character 3

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Lesson 1 Collision Theory

What’s In

From the previous module, you have learned the relationship of biological
macromolecules on their properties and function. You might have also noticed that
those biological macromolecules are composed of two or more atoms of the same or
different elements which are chemically combined, this process is called chemical
reaction.

Chemical reaction happens when one or more substances known as

reactants are combined to form one or more new substances known as products. In
order for a chemical reaction to occur the particles of the reactants must collide
with one another, this statement is also known as the Collision Theory.

What’s New

Activity 1.1. Concept of rate of collision theory

Table 1.1 shows the number of particles in a container and their relative speed. For
both slow- and fast-moving particles, rank 1,2,3… each particle according to
decreasing number of collisions, then answer the guide questions below.

Table 1.1. Illustration of the Rate of Reaction

5 particles in a 10 particles on a 25 particles on a
Speed
container container container

Slow

Fast

City of Good Character 4

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Guide Questions:
1. The first container contains 5 slow-moving particles, and the second
container contains 5 fast-moving particles. Which do you think will have a
greater number of collisions for a certain period?
2. What is the relationship between the number and speed of particles involved
in the frequency of collision?

What Is It

Collision Theory states that the rate of a chemical reaction is proportional

to the number of collisions between reactant molecules. This means if there is a
greater number of effective collision between particles of the reactants, there will be
a faster reaction rate. For a chemical reaction to happen the particles of the
reactants must be able to;
(a) collide with each other;
(b) have adequate amount of energy, and;
(c) must be in a right orientation to break the bonds between each
particles of the reactant.

Effective collisions are collision of particles that result into a chemical

reaction. For an effective collision to happen particles of the reactant must have at
least the minimum energy required to break the bond of the reactants, known as
the activation energy. If the reactant particles do not have the required activation
energy when they collide, they would just bounce off each other without reacting as
shown in figure 2.1.

Figure 1.1. Effective and non-effective collision of a single replacement chemical reaction

If a chemical reaction fails most probably it did not meet one or two
requirement/s, its either the energy of the reacting particles is below the activation
energy or the particles collide at the wrong orientation. To easily understand this
concept, analyze Table 1.2.

City of Good Character 5

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Table 1.2. Reacting X2 and Y2 to form 2XY
State Before During After

 sufficient
energy
Reaction

 correct
Arises

orientation

 no sufficient
No Reaction

energy
 correct
orientation

 sufficient
No Reaction

energy
 incorrect
orientation

In your past science class, you have probably observed several chemical
reactions that can be done in the laboratory like mixing baking soda and vinegar in
a volcano project. This type of reaction occurs very fast and will give you result in
seconds, but some chemical reactions takes longer time to occur, like rusting.
To increase the rate of chemical reaction the number, force, and
effectiveness of collision between particles must be increase. Rate of Reaction is
the speed at which the product is produced in a chemical reaction. The more
collisions between particles of reactants in a given period of time, the faster the rate
of reaction will be. There are several factors that affect the rate of reaction –
temperature, concentration, particle size, stirring rate, and light intensity.

Temperature
Increasing the temperature of the reactants will also increase the rate of
reaction between reactants because of the following.
 Kinetic energy of particles will increase; thus, movement of each particles
will also increase, which at the same time will increase the chances of
collision between particles.
 Activation energy of particles will increase; thus, increasing its ability to
break the bonds between each particle, which at the same time will also
increase the chances of collision between particles.

Concentration
Increasing the concentration in a chemical reaction will increase the chances
of collision between particles, which in return will also increase the rate of reaction
between reactant.

City of Good Character 6

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 Concentration or pressure indicates the number of particles per unit volume.
Particles will collide more frequently when there are more particles per unit volume.
Here are several ways you can increase the concentration of the particles in a
chemical reaction.
1. Increasing the concentration or the number of particles use in a mixture or a
solution.
2. Increasing the pressure in gaseous chemical reaction by adding more gas
particles
3. increasing the pressure in gaseous chemical reaction by decreasing the
volume or space the particles can move in.

Particle size
Suppose you have a block, chunks, and shredded pieces of wood. Which will
burn faster? The shredded wood will burn faster compared with the chunks and
the block of wood. This shows that when the reactant is small in size, it has an
increase surface area to volume ratio which will increase the collision between each
reactant particles.

Stirring rate
Stirring increases the movement of particles which will increase collision
between particles.
Light Intensity
Some chemical reactions are affected by the amount of light they are
exposed to. These reactions when place under a light reacts faster than those that
are place in the dark.

What’s More

Activity 1.2. Effect of temperature and particle size on the

rate of reaction

At the end of this activity the students should be able to;

1. understand that factors such as the change in temperature and particle size
can hasten or slow down the rate of reaction;
2. compare the effects of temperature and particle size in the rate of reaction;
and
3. explain how increase in temperature and size affect the rate of reaction.

Reagents:
• 3 pcs. of effervescent tablets (ex. Berroca Tablet)
• room temperature water
• warm water
• cold water

City of Good Character 7

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Materials:
• 3 pc of a transparent cup/ glass with cover
• Tissue paper
• timer

Procedure:
1. Divide the 3 effervescent tablets into four pieces. By now you have 12 pieces
of the tablet.
2. In the 3 cups/ glasses pour water with different temperatures. Label each A.
cold water, B. room temperature water, C. hot water
3. Carefully place 1 piece of the effervescent tablet in cup A then quickly cover
4. Time the reaction from the start until it stops.
5. Record the time of reaction in the table given below.
6. Repeat procedure 3 to 5 for cup B and C
7. Discard the solution and clean the cup with tissue paper.
8. Break 3 of the ¼ effervescent tablet into smaller pieces then repeat
procedure 2 to 7.
9. Grind 3 of the ¼ effervescent tablet into a powder then repeat procedures 2
to 7.

Data gathering: Rate of Reaction

Time
Tablet
Cold Water Room Temperature Cold Water
¼ chunk ¼ chunk
Small bits and Small bits and
pieces pieces
Grinded powder Grinded powder

Conclusion: Draw your conclusion from the data you gathered above.

City of Good Character 8

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 What I Have Learned

Activity 1.3
Fill in the blanks by writing word/s that will best complete each sentence.

1. Collision theory describes the ________________of a chemical reaction.

2. For a chemical reaction to occur the particles must collide and with
____________energy to be able to rearrange the bonds between reactant
particles.
3. Activation energy is the _______________of energy colliding particles must
have in order to react.
4. The rate of reaction measures the________________ of particles that react in a
given time to form products.
5. The rate of reaction can be increased by increasing the _______________,
______________, and _____________of the collisions.
6. The smaller the particle size, the greater the ________________, which will
result in an increase in the reaction rate.
7. Increasing the temperature will increase the ________________of particles,
which will result in an increase in movement and collision.
8. Increasing the concentration of reactants means you are increasing the
_______________of particles of a given sample of a substance.
9. Constantly stirring a chemical mixture will increase the ______________of
particles which will also increase the number of collisions.
10. Placing a chemical reaction under a strong light intensity will ______________
the rate of reaction.

What I Can Do

Activity 1.4
Read and analyze each scenario listed below. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Your parents went to the market and bought a one-week supply of meat and
fish. But your refrigerator is not working. How can you prevent these foods
from spoilage? Explain your answer.
2. It is 3:00 in the afternoon, and you want to drink a cup of coffee. When you
went to the kitchen, you have found out that there is no available instant
coffee, only coffee beans. How would you make a cup of coffee using this
coffee beans? Explain your answer.
3. In number two, if you are going to put sugar in your coffee, which kind of
sugar will you use, sugar in a cube, or fine sugar? Explain your answer.

City of Good Character 9

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 4. Which will neutralize a given amount of acid faster, one tablet of antacid or
two tablets of antacid? Explain your answer.
5. Which would make a marble erode faster, acid with higher concentration, or
with lower concentration? Explain your answer.

Assessment

Read the question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What does the collision theory tell us?

A. It tells us that particles of matter collide constantly to one another.
B. It tells us that the collision of particles increases as the kinetic energy of
molecules increase.
C. It tells us that in a chemical reaction reactant and product must collide
for a chemical reaction to happen.
D. It tells us that in order for a chemical reaction to occur the reactant
particles must collide effectively to one another.

2. How does a chemical reaction occur?

A. Collision of particles must effectively occur.
B. Right orientation of particles of reactant must occur.
C. There should be two or more reactants use in the chemical reaction.
D. Both A and B is correct.

3. What is activation energy?

A. It is the energy that changes the temperature of the reactants.
B. It is the energy required to start the reaction between particles of the
reactants.
C. It is the energy of particles that activate the change of potential energy to
kinetic energy.
D. It is the minimum energy required for a particle to start the process of
chemical reaction.

4. Which among the following quantities can affect the rate of reaction?
A. Distance C. Temperature
B. Pressure D. Time

5. How can you increase the rate of reaction?

A. Decrease kinetic energy.
B. Add more reactant particles.
C. Increase the size of the particles.
D. Leave the experimental setup undisturbed.

City of Good Character 10

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 Additional Activities

In this activity you will be able to:

1. Describe how rust occurs.
2. Discuss conditions that increases the rate of rusting in metals.
3. Identify and explain some ways to prevent rusting in metals.

Materials:
6 pcs of 2 x 2 inches of steel wool pads
Salt
Water
Vinegar
2 of the following
a. clear fingernail polish c. furniture polish
b. spray-on car wax d. vegetable oil
6 small jars or containers

Procedure:
1. label your jars A to F.
2. In jar A, pour in 2/3 cups of regular water. Place a piece of steel wool inside.
3. In jar B, pour in 2/3 cups of salt and water solution. Place a piece of steel
wool inside.
4. In jar C, pour in 2/3 cups of vinegar and water solution. Place a piece of
steel wool inside.
5. “Pre-treat” your steel wool pads by coating them in any of the following:
clear nail polish, spray-on car wax, vegetable oil, and furniture polish.
6. In jars D and E, pour in 2/3 cups of regular water. Place your pretreated
pieces of steel wool inside each jar. Make sure you label what substances
you use to pretreat your steel wools.
7. In jar F, place a piece of steel wool inside. This is your control variable.
8. Inspect the steel wool pads from day 1 to day 5. Take pictures of the pads.
9. Record and rank the experimental variables in jars A to C according to which
rusted first, second, and third.
10. Identify which pre-treatment solution (jars D and E) works best in slowing
down the formation of rust.

Post laboratory questions:

On a separate sheet of paper, answer the following questions.
1. Which setup rusted first A, B, or C? Which is last?
2. What do you think is the reason behind your answer in number 1?
3. How does rust form?
4. Which setup shows slow rusting of the steel wool D or E? What do you think
is the reason behind your answer?
5. How can you prevent rusting?

City of Good Character 11

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Lesson 2 Catalyst

As mentioned in the previous lesson one of the factors that can influence the
rate of reaction is by the use of a catalyst. Catalyst are substances that can be
used to change the rate of the reaction without being consumed during the process.
Thus, it would not change the desired products afterward.

When you were young, you probably have a shape-sorter toy. This activity
will help you to remember that game which would help you to understand the
mechanism of catalyst.

Activity 2.1. Match them up!

Match the shape and the corresponding hole where it would likely to attach.

1 A

2 B

3 C

4 D

5 E

City of Good Character 12

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 What Is It

Mechanism of Reactions

As mentioned, in order for a chemical reaction to happen, collisions of

reactant particles should occur effectively. But not all collisions are effective
collisions. This is because reactant particles in a given sample of a substance have
different amount of kinetic energy and that only a small number of the particles
have the activation energy and the right orientation to break bonds so that a
chemical reaction can take place. As shown in figure 2.1

figure 2.1. kinetic energy of particles at a constant temperature.

Increasing the temperature of the reactants will increase the number of

particles that have the activation energy and orientation needed for the chemical
reaction to occur. As shown in figure 2.2.

figure 2.2. kinetic energy of particles at an increasing temperature.

City of Good Character 13

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Types of Chemical Reaction

Endothermic Reaction
An endothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its
environment. The absorbed energy provides the activation energy for the reaction to
occur. Figure 2.2. shows that in an endothermic reaction the energy of the
reactants X and Y is less than the energy of the product Z. This implies that at the
end of the chemical reaction the products temperature is greater than that of the
reactants.

Figure 2.2. Endothermic activation energy diagram

Exothermic Reaction
An exothermic reaction is any chemical reaction that releases heat to the
environment. Figure 2.3. shows that in an exothermic reaction the energy of the
reactants X and Y is greater than the energy of the product Z. This implies that at
the end of the chemical reaction the products temperature is less than that of the
reactants.

Figure 2.3. Exothermic activation energy diagram

City of Good Character 14

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
What are catalysts?

Catalysts are substances that create an alternative path of reaction that

changes the reaction rate. It could be a solid, liquid, or gas. A catalyst increases the
rate of a chemical reaction and is not consumed during the reaction; thus, it does
not change the product of the reaction. The chemical and physical property of a
catalyst remains the same at the end of a chemical reaction.
There are two major types of catalyst, homogeneous and heterogeneous
catalyst. Homogeneous catalysts are catalysts that is in the same state or phase
with the reactants. Example if the reactants are in liquid form the catalyst is also in
liquid form. Heterogeneous catalysts are catalysts that is in different state or
phase with the reactants. Example if the reactants are in liquid form the catalyst is
in solid form.

Catalyzed vs Uncatalyzed Reaction

The amount of product of both reaction is the same but the speed of the
process of reaction is different. Catalyzed reactions produce the same amount of
product but at a faster rate.

For a catalyst to increase the speed of the reaction it has to lower the
activation energy, or the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical
reaction. A catalyst can lower the activation energy use in a reaction by:
 Rearranging the orientation of the particles in a reactant in such a
way that breaking their bonds would be easier.
 Forming an intermediate reactant called activated complex.

Note that catalyst does not increase the number of collision rather it
increases the number of effective collision of reactant particles at a lower activation
energy. As shown in figure 2.4.

Figure 2.4. Progress of Reaction

City of Good Character 15

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Steps of uncatalyzed reaction

Given the following reactants A and B to yield product AB, the following
steps are followed in an uncatalyzed reaction.

A reacts with B to form AB

A + B → AB

Steps of catalyzed reaction

Given the following reactants A and B, adding a catalyst X will yield the
product AB and X.

Step 1. Catalysts X is added to Reactant A to form AX

A + X → AX
Step 2. AX reacts with reactant B to form AXB
AX + B → AXB
Step 3. AXB yields product AB and X
AXB → AB + X

In the second step the reaction between AX and reactant B form AXB which
is known as the activated complex. This activated complex is an intermediate
structure formed that will eventually yield the product of a chemical reaction. In
this case you might have observed that the catalyst change during the process of
the reaction, but at the end of the process of chemical reaction it will return to its
original state.

What’s More
Activity 2.2. Catalytic reaction

At the end of this activity the students are expected to:

1. Identify the reactant/s, catalyst/s, and product/s involved in this simple experiment
2. Demonstrate a simple catalytic reaction.
3. Explain the process of a simple catalytic reaction.

Materials:
1. Hydrogen peroxide 3. Toothpick
2. Yeast 4. Small transparent cup/ glass

Procedure:
1. Measure 10 ml of hydrogen peroxide and pour it into a cup. Observe for a
few seconds.
2. Add a 0.1 g or a pinch of baker’s yeast into the cup with a hydrogen
peroxide. Stir gently with a toothpick.
3. Observe what happens.

City of Good Character 16

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Post laboratory questions
In a separate sheet of paper answer the following.

1. Which substance did you used as your reactant? Which is the catalyst?
2. What did you observed while the reaction process is taking place? Draw your
experimental setup.
3. What type of chemical reaction did you observed? Synthesis or
decomposition reaction? Explain your answer.
4. What is the product/s of this chemical reaction?
5. Why is there no observable change in step 1? Without the baker’s yeast, will
the chemical reaction still happen? Explain your answer.

What I Have Learned

Activity 2.3
Fill in the blank with word/s that will best complete the following sentences.

1. Catalyst increases the rate of reaction by _________the activation energy

needed to start a chemical reaction.
2. Besides an effective collision, __________orientation of the reacting particles
must also be present in order for a chemical reaction to occur.
3. If a homogeneous catalyst is used in a chemical reaction it means that the
reactants and the catalyst is in the same ___________.
4. If you used a gaseous reactant and a solid catalyst, this means the catalyst
you used is a ___________.
5. A catalyst does not increase the collision of reacting particles rather in
increases the __________of the collisions.
6. An endothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that __________heat from its
environment.
7. In an endothermic reaction the energy of the reactants is _________than that
of the product.
8. In an exothermic reaction the energy of the reactants is _________than that of
the product.
9. The amount of yield produced in an uncatalyzed reaction is ________that of a
catalyzed reaction.
10. A catalyst provides an alternative pathway for the reaction by forming a
substance that would produce the desired product. This substance is
called___________.

City of Good Character 17

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 What I Can Do

Activity 2.4
Research how catalysts are used in industry, agriculture, or in medicine. In your
journal notebook write a short report summarizing your findings on how catalysts
are used in one of this application. You may use the rubric below as your guide in
writing your report.

Title of your paper: Role of catalysts in ______________.

Grading 5 4 3 2
Criteria
Content Content and Contents and Content and Content and
explanations explanation are explanations explanation
are very comprehensive: lack details: are unclear
comprehensive: All parts of a Some parts of and irrelevant
All parts of a journal are a journal are to the topic
journal are evidently seen. missing.
evidently seen
and well
written
Organization Ideas are Ideas are Ideas are Ideas is
of thoughts logically structured. slightly discussed
and ideas. structured. unstructured. randomly
.
Mechanics of Flawless Few or no Several Many
writing spelling and spelling errors; spelling and instances of
punctuation. some minor punctuation incorrect
punctuation errors. spelling and
mistakes. punctuation.

Assessment

Read the question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the relationship of reaction rate in a particular chemical reaction?

A. Reaction rate tells us how long the reaction will last.
B. Reaction rate tells us how fast the chemical reaction will end.
C. Reaction rate tells us the amount of product that will be produced after
the chemical reaction ends.
D. Reaction rate tells us that the number of reactants dictates how fast the
chemical reaction will be.

City of Good Character 18

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 2. When does the collisions between two reacting particles do not result in the
formation of the product?
A. When there is not enough concentration of reactant particles.
B. When energy between particles is very low, collision of particles cannot
happen.
C. When there is not enough number of particles that can collide with one
another.
D. When there is unequal energy of particles, some collision just bounces off
from one another.

3. How does a catalyst help in increasing the rate of reaction?

A. It decreases the concentration of reactants.
B. It increases the number of collision between particles.
C. It increases the activation energy of the reacting particles.
D. It decreases the activation energy of the reacting particles.

4. What is the difference between endothermic and exothermic reaction?

A. In endothermic reaction the energy of reactants is less than that the
energy of the products.
B. In endothermic reaction the energy of reactants is greater than the
energy of the products.
C. In endothermic reaction heat is released after the reaction while in
exothermic reaction heat is absorbed during reaction.
D. In endothermic reaction the temperature of the reactant is less than the
temperature of the reactant in endothermic reaction

5. What is an activated complex in a chemical reaction?

A. It provides an alternative pathway for the reaction.
B. It is a substance produced at the end of the reaction.
C. It is a structure that is consumed during the reaction of the reactants.
D. It is a structure formed from the combination of a catalyst and a
reactant.

Additional Activities

On a separate sheet of paper, use the chemical reaction progress graph below to
answer what is ask in the following numbers.
1. Label the reactant, product, and activation energy.
2. Draw and label what would the graph look like if a catalyst is added to the
chemical reaction.
3. Compare the energy of the reactant and product after the reaction is
completed.
4. How much energy is needed to activate the uncatalyzed reaction?
5. How much energy is needed to activate the catalyzed reaction?

City of Good Character 19

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 6. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? Explain your answer.

Read the question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following conditions will decrease the rate of reaction?

A. The size of the particles is big
B. The mixture is constantly stirred
C. The partial pressure is increased
D. The volume of the container is decreased

2. Which of the following should happen in order for a chemical reaction to

occur?
A. The reacting particles should collide with each other.
B. The reacting particles have sufficient energy to break the bonds between
particles.
C. The reacting particles should be in an orientation favorable for breaking
the bonds between each particle.
D. all of the above

3. The following factors can affect the rate of chemical reaction

EXCEPT__________.
A. size of the particle
B. concentration of particles
C. the number of reactants use
D. light intensity the mixture is exposed to

4. The following are factors that can influence the rate of reaction
EXCEPT__________.
A. volume C. surface area
B. temperature D. concentration

City of Good Character 20

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
5. When the temperature is increased in a chemical reaction, the following will
happen EXCEPT______________.
A. increase in the size of particles
B. increase in kinetic energy of particles
C. increase in the number of collisions between particles
D. increase the reaction rate in both endothermic and exothermic reaction

6. Which of the following statements best describes the rate if a chemical

reaction?
A. It is the volume in which the reactant particles can occupy.
B. It is the speed in which the reactants are converted into a product.
C. It is the amount of temperature needed to start a chemical reaction.
D. It is the pressure exerted by the reactants during the process of chemical
reaction.

7. What do you call the minimum amount of energy required for a chemical
reaction to occur?
A. Kinetic energy C. Exothermic energy
B. Activation energy D. Endothermic energy

8. What will happen if you increase the concentration of the reactants?

A. The surface area where particles can easily move in will increased.
B. The speed of the movement of each particles will be increased.
C. The pressure exerted by each particles to one another will increase.
D. The number of collisions between particles of the reactant will increased.

9. Catalysts generally react with one or more of the reactants to form a

structure, which then reacts to form the final product. What do you call this
structure?
A. activated catalyst C. activated reactants
B. activated complex D. activated products

10. The following statements are true about a catalyst

EXCEPT_________________.
A. is unchanged chemically
B. does not alter the products of the reaction
C. has the same mass at the end of the reaction
D. none of the above is false

11. Which of the following best describes a catalyst?

A. Increases the activation energy of reacting particles.
B. Adds to the concentration of the reactants in a chemical reaction.
C. Increases the temperature of reacting particles in chemical reaction.
D. Speeds up the process of a chemical reaction, without being consumed.

City of Good Character 21

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
12. The reactants, in an endothermic process, have _________________.
A. no energy
B. less energy than the products
C. more energy than the products
D. the same energy as the products

13. What happens to the temperature of the product in an exothermic reaction?

A. The temperature of the product is increased.
B. The temperature of the product is decreased.
C. The temperature of the product is the same as the reactants.
D. Information is incomplete that is why the temperature cannot be
determined.

14. The reactants, in an exothermic process, have _________________.

A. no energy
B. less energy than the products
C. more energy than the products
D. the same energy as the products

15. What happens to the temperature of the product in an endothermic

reaction?
A. The temperature of the product is increased.
B. The temperature of the product is decreased.
C. The temperature of the product is the same as the reactants.
D. Information is incomplete that is why the temperature cannot be
determined.

City of Good Character 22

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Lesson 1

What’s New
Slow moving particles – ranks 1, 2, and 3
Fast moving particles – ranks 1, 2, and 3
Guide Questions:
1. Because fast moving particles move fast, they have more probability of colliding with one
another.
2. The more the number and the faster the speed of particles in given sample of a substance
the more frequent they will collide with each other.

What’s More
Answers may vary

What I Have Learned

1. Rate of reaction 6. surface area
2. sufficient/ enough 7. kinetic energy
3. minimum amount 8. number
4. number of particles 9. movement
5. effectivity, force, frequency 10. increased

What I Can Do
Answers may vary

Additional Activity
Answers may vary

City of Good Character 23

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
24 City of Good Character
Lesson 2
What’s New
1. D
2. E
3. A
4. B
5. C
What’s More
Answers may vary
What I Have Learned
1. Decreasing 6. Absorbs
2. Right/ correct 7. Lower
3. State/phase 8. Higher
4. Heterogeneous catalyst 9. Same
5. Effectivity 10. Activated complex
What I Can Do
Answers may vary
Additional Activity
1. The energy of the reactant at the start of the reaction is roughly 90 J while the energy of
the product is only 30 J
2. 120 J
3. 100 J
4. Exothermic because the decrease in energy is the result of the released of heat to the
environment
 References

(1) Andrew Rader Studios. (n.d.). Chem4Kids.com: Reactions: Rates of reaction.

Rader's CHEM4KIDS.COM - Chemistry basics for everyone!.
https://www.chem4kids.com/files/react_rates.html#:~:text=Rate%20
of%20Reaction,reaction%20with%20a%20high%20rate

(2) Factors that affect the rate of reactions – Introductory chemistry – 1st
Canadian edition. (2014, September 16). BC Open Textbooks – Open
Textbooks Adapted and Created by BC Faculty.
https://opentextbc.ca/introductorychemistry/chapter/factors-that-
affect-the-rate-of-reactions-2/

(3) Rates of reaction and factors affecting rate | Rate and extent of reaction |
Siyavula. (n.d.). Practise Maths & Science - Read Open Textbooks |
Siyavula. https://www.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-12/rate-
and-extent-of-reaction/07-rate-and-extent-of-reaction-02

(4) Stubbings, J. (n.d.). Reaction rate and collision theory chemistry tutorial.
AUS-e-TUTE for astute science students.
https://www.ausetute.com.au/reactrate.html

(5) The rates of chemical reactions. (n.d.). Chemistry & Biochemistry -

Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry.
https://www.chem.fsu.edu/chemlab/chm1020c/Lecture%208/01.ph
p

(6) The collision theory | Introduction to chemistry. (n.d.). Lumen Learning –

Simple Book Production.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/the-collision-
theory/

(7) Qualitative kinetics - Kinetics and collision theory. (n.d.). Harper College
Departmental Websites.
https://dept.harpercollege.edu/chemistry/chm/100/dgodambe/thedi
sk/kinetic/6back.htm#:~:text=Collision%20theory%20states%20that
%20the,the%20faster%20the%20reaction%20rate

(8) Admin. “Catalyst - Meaning, Definition, Mechanism, Types, Catalysis.”

BYJUS. BYJU'S, December 13, 2019.
https://byjus.com/jee/catalyst/.

(9) Catalyst. (n.d.). Chemistry 302.

https://ch302.cm.utexas.edu/kinetics/catalysts/catalysts-all.php

City of Good Character 25

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
(10) Chapter 16. Reaction Rate (n.d.). Middlesex County Vocational and
Technical Schools /.
https://www.mcvts.net/cms/lib/NJ01911694/Centricity/Domain/13
6/chap16.pdf

(11) Mechanism of reaction and catalysis | Rate and extent of reaction |

Siyavula. (n.d.). Practise Maths & Science - Read Open Textbooks |
Siyavula. https://www.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-12/rate-
and-extent-of-reaction/07-rate-and-extent-of-reaction-
04#:~:text=A%20catalyst%20speeds%20up%20a,activation%20energy
%20for%20a%20reaction.&text=Remember%20that%20with%20a%20
catalyst,energy%20decreases%20(Figure%207.13)

(12) The effect of a catalyst on rate of reaction. (2020, July 14). Chemistry
LibreTexts.
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Modu
les_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Catalysis/The_Effect_of_a_C
atalyst_on_Rate_of_Reaction

(13) The effect of a catalyst | Introduction to chemistry. (n.d.). Lumen Learning

– Simple Book Production.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/the-effect-of-
a-catalyst/

(14) The effect of catalysts on rates of reaction. Accessed August 7, 2020.

https://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/basicrates/catalyst.html.

(15) “Types of Catalysts (Article) | Kinetics.” Khan Academy. Khan Academy.

Accessed August 7, 2020.
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/chem-
kinetics/arrhenius-equation/a/types-of-catalysts.

(16) Qualitative kinetics - Kinetics and collision theory. (n.d.). Harper College
Departmental Websites.
https://dept.harpercollege.edu/chemistry/chm/100/dgodambe/thedi
sk/kinetic/6back.htm#:~:text=Collision%20theory%20states%20that
%20the,the%20faster%20the%20reaction%20rate

City of Good Character 26

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 Development Team of the Module
Writer: Christine Ann G. Faraon (BNHS)
Coleen Michelle L. Magalong (SEHS)
Editors: Reynald Alfred A. Recede (MHS)
Russel S. Berador (SEHS)
Maria Carmina R. Martin (MHS)
Emil Constantine P. Buguina
Shynne Izza F. Clemente
Jessica S. Mateo (EPS - Science)
Illustrators: Christine Ann G. Faraon (BNHS)
Coleen Michelle L. Magalong (SEHS)
Layout Artists: Christine Ann G. Faraon (BNHS)
Jemwel Dela Paz (CISSL)
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor – Learning Resource Management Section

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 8682-2472 / 8682-3989

Email Address: [email protected]

City of Good Character

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE