A4 The diagram below describes some of the reactions of white powder A.

White powder A is a mixture of two compournds A1 and A2, both of which contain same
cation but different anion.

Colourless solution B turns

White powder A
moist blue litmus paper red

add excess
aqueous NaOH,
Al foil and warm

Colourless solution Pungent gas D

Colourless gas C forms
turns moist red
white precipitate with
litmus paper blue
limewater

add NaOH (ag) add AgNO

White precipitate white precipitate E

soluble in excess
aqueous ammonia

(a) ldentify the unknowns A1, A2, B,C, D andE.

A1 A2
*********************** *nsesesese*ss*esutssa********os**os sn

B
*****
************** *nsemasnmeneaasensosne*

(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for any one of the above reactions.

******************* e esneeosssenssen*******ee

Total:7]
 5

3 Fig. 3.1 below shows properties and reactions of several chemical substances.

dilute
sulfuric acid
neutralise neutralise
with with
metal oxide metal oxide
C
distillation
B D
blue colourless
solution solution

precipitate G
precipitate
using aqueous colourless using aqueous
sodium hydroxide distillate sodium hydroxide
in excess)

A
light blue white
precipitate precipitate

Fig. 3.1

(a) Identify substances A, B, C, D, E, F and G.

B
C
D

E
F
G

(b) Give the ionic equation for any one of the reactions included in Fig. 3.1.

[21
Total: 91
 9

A10 Fig. 10.1 describes some properties and reactions of several substances.

V
z
silvery-grey solid
colourless gas
which turns damp
red litmus paper
add copper(1) blue
nitrate solution

warm with
aluminium and
aqueous sodium
W X
reddish-brown colourless
hydroxide
solid solution

add aqueous add aqueous

sodium hydroxide ammonia

Y
white precipitate
white precipitate
that dissolves in
that dissolves in
excess aqueous
excess aqueous
ammonia
sodium hydroxide

Fig. 10.1

(a) Name V, W, X, Y and Z.

5)
(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for any one of the reactions in Fig. 10.1.

2
6 P,Q, Rand S are samples of water taken from different places thought to be polluted.
Tables 6.1 and 6.2 show the obsenvations made when each sample of water is tested.

Table 6.1

tests for sulfate ionss observations

sampleP sample Q sample R sample S
add a few drops of
dilute hydrochloric acid, white ppt no visible white ppt no visible
then add several drops formed reaction formed reaction
of aqueous barium
chloride
Table 6.2

tests for chloride ions observations

sample P sample Q sample R sample S
add a few drops of dilute
nitric acid, then add no visible white ppt white Ppt no visible
several drops of aqueous reaction formed formed reaction
silvernitrate
Use the results of the tests to help you answer the following questions

(a) Which water sample is polluted with both sulfate and chloride ions?

. 1]

(b) One of the samples is known to contain only ammonium sulfate.

() Which sample is it?

1
() Give a reason for your answer.

[11
(c) Which sample appears to be the least polluted?
 2

Section A: Structured Questions [50 marks]

Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided.

A1 The figure below shows the reaction scheme of an orange metal oxide, A, which undergoes a
series of reactions.

orange metal oxide AA add excess a reddish-brown

aqueous sodium precipitate D is
hydroxide formed.
add acid B

metal oxide A dissolves

to form a reddish-brown gas E evolved that
turns damp red litmus
solution C. add NaOH, aluminium
foil and warm paper blue.

Name the following

(a) metal oxide A, .1)

(b) acid B, . 1

(c) solution C, . .1]

(d) precipitate D,

(o) gas E. ..1

total: 5]
18 Which test is best used to distinguish between calcium chloride and calcium carbonate?
A adding aqueous sodium hydroxide
B adding dilute hydrochloric acid
C using damp litmus paper
D using silver nitrate solution

19 In a qualitative analysis, reagent P is added gradually to solution Q, followed by the

addition of a dilute acid R.

Mass of precipitate /g9

Volume of P added /cm

Addition of dilute acid R from this point

The graph shows how the mass of the precipitate changes as the reagents are added.
Which of the following entries is correct?

Anlons in Q R

aqueous silver nitrate CF and C032 dilute nitric acid

aqueous silver nitrate Cr dilute nitric acid

C aqueous barium chloride CF and CO2- dilute hydrochloric acid

aqueous barium chloride CO2 dilute hydrochloric acid

 Marks
I10
formed. On u .
Tutorial 33
was
added to a
solution, no
precipitate
solution?
was
warming
the
sodium
hydroxide
What could be aluminium sulfete
excess
aqueous evolved.
21 When a
colourless gas
was
B
the mixture, lead(ll) nitrate
A ammonlum chloride

zinc sulfate from a solution contai

solution
contalning
Pb" lons taining
distingulsh a
cannot
reagents sulfate solution
of the following sodium
22
22 which aqueous
Zn ions? aqueous ammonía solution
solution
aqueous
sodium hydroxide D
chloride solution
aqueous
potassium
C
substance X.
some
reactions of a
shows white precipitate formed,
23 The flow chart
NH,(aq) excess NH,(aq)
dissolved in
colourless solution

dilute HC
x
produces
gas P which with
a pop'
sound
a lighted splint

following could X and P be?

Which of the

lead(l1) oxide oxygen

carbon diodide
zinc carbonate
hydrogen
zinc
calcium hydrogen
tests.
metals was subjected to the following
alloy containing two
24 A sample of an

alloy

add HCI

solution formed

add NH,(aq)
add excess
NH,(aq) quantity of precipitate decreases
precipitation formed a green precipitate remained

What are the two metals in the alloy?

copper and zinc
B iron and lead C zinc and iron D
A iron and copper
 Aqueous sodum hydroxide is adde d
AqU in
tums redlitrmus paper Diue isS excess
X be?
only evolved whento an aqueous solution of salt P
aluminium fol ts added to the and boiled.A gas which
A ammonium nitrate hot solution.
s What coud
C sodium chloride 3 ammonlum chloride
sodium ntrate
Tw aining
different solutions Ina
Sithium hydroxide
aqued and the
other laboratory
ory are unlabelled. One
One beaker isis known to contain
additlon of aqueous lead(l|) nitrate aqueous lithium lodide. Which test lde known
would ldentity o
the solutions?
addition of blue litmus paper B additlon of dilute sulfuric acld
D additon of aqueous sodium nitrate
hich of the
Whie following solutions
2 squeous ammonla?
can be used to
distinquish between aqueous sodium
A zinc nitrate B
hydroxio
iron(l1) chloride C Iron() chloride D copper() nitrate
A solution was tested as shown.
28
add excess
NaOH(aq) moist red litrmus
paper turns blue

solution
green
precipitate
formed
heat
Which ions are likely to be present in the solution?
A Fe and NO B NH, and Fe C Fe and C D Cu and NH

When solution P is warmed with sodium hydroxide solution and aluminium foil, a gas with pungent smell is
iberated. The gas tums moist red litmus paper blue. When a solution of P is treated with excess aqueous
ammonia, dark blue solution is formed. What could solution P be?
A potassium carbonate B ammonium nitrate
Ccopper(l) nitrate D ammonium chloride

Asample is analysed by dissolving it in nitricacid. The resulting solution is added with excess aqueous
ammonia and is then filtered. A green precipitate remains In the fiter paper and a deep blue solution is
obtained as the filtrate. Which metals are found in the sample?
A aluminium and copper B lead and zinc
C iron and lead D iron and copper
 2

1 The chromatogram below shows the dyes contained in four soft drinks, P, Q. R and S, compared
with harmful dyes X and Y.

P R S X Y

Which drink(s) has/have a dye that may be harmful?

A Ponly 3 P and R
C P.Rand S D P.Qand R

22 Compound X melts at 40 °C, boils at 120 "C, and is not soluble in water.
Which setup can be used to obtain pure X from a mixture of X with water?

A B C D
 3

3 An aluminium ion is represented by the symbol, AP

Which row correctly states the number of neutrons, protons and electrons the ion has?

neutrons protons electrons

14 13 10

14 13 13

C 27 14 13
40 13 10

Which changes occur when a liquid at 50 °C becomes a gas at 120 °C?

separation of energy of attractive force

particles particles between particles
decrease decrease increase
B decrease increase decrease
increase decrease increasee

increase increase decrease

Which diagram represents the particles in a mixture?

OO
A
A B C D

6 Which substance is a conductor of electricity when in solid state?

A nitrogen sodium
C sodium chloride D sulfur
7 Which equation shows a neutralisation reaction?

A CacO, + H2SOs CaSOs+ H0+CO2

B Mg+2HCI > MgCh+ Ha

C NaOH+HNO NaNOs+ HO
D NHC+KOH KCI+ NHs+ HO

Ali dippeda piece ofred litmus paper into an unknown solution and it remained red. He believed
that the solution was acidic. John said that the test was incomplete.
What additional test should Ali conduct to confim if the solution was acidic or not?

check the solution to see whether it is clear or not

3 taste the solution to see if it taste sour

C test the solution to see if it conducts electricty

D test the solution with a piece of blue litmus paper

Which ofthese Groupl elements reacts most violently with water?

A caesium B lithium
C potassium D rubidium

10 The table shows information of five elements.

element P S T

atomic number 3 6 11 16 18

Which two elements belong to the same group of the Periodic Table?

A Pand R B P and S

CQandT D Rand S
12 The data on two indicators are given below

pH which colour colour change

indicator changes acid alkali

Bromocreso-green 5.5 yellow blue

Phenol red 6.8 yellow red

What would be the resultant colour if both indicators are added toa sample of pure water?

A blue B green

C purple D red
14 x, Y and Z are elements from the same period of the Periodic Table. X foms an ion X, Y forms an
ion Y and Z forms an ion Z".

IfX, Y and Z are placed in order of increasing atomic number, which order is corect?

AX,Y,Z B x, Z, Y

c Y,X, Z D Y,Z,X

15 An element Z forms an oxide of formula Z03.

In which group of the Periodic Table is Z likely to be found?

B Group II
A Group
C Group ll D Group IV

Which of these pairs of elements form a compound by sharing electrons?

16

A carbon and chlorine B lithium and iodine

C neon and nitrogen D sodium and fluorine

17 Sodium, aluminium and sulfur are in the same period of the Periodic Table.
Which trend in types of oxides occurs across this period?

left right
acidic amphoteric basic

basic acidic
amphoteric

basic acidic amphoteric

amphoteric acidic
basic
18 When sutfuric acid dissolves in water,

A hydrogen ions and sulfate ions are produced.

B hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions are produced.
Conly hydrogen ions are produced.
D only hydroxide ions are produced.

19 Aliquid boils at a temperature of 100 °C.

Which other property of the liquid proves that it is pure water?

A It does not leave a residue when boiled.

B It freezes at 0 °C.

C It is neither acidic nor alkaline.

D t turns white anhydrous copper() sulfate blue.

 Section A [45 marks]
Exa

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

A1 Table 1.1 gives information about five substances, P, Q, R, S and T.

substances melting point/°C boiling point/°C

-214 -183

-56 -79
R 17 118

S 87 167

T 809 1465

Table 1.1

(a) At 30 °C (room temperature), which of the substances, P, Q, R, S or T, is/are

() solid(s).
() liquid(s). ***

(ui) gas(es).
(b) () Using only the information given in Table 1.1, name the most appropriate
separation technique to separate a mixture of P and Q?

() Which substance is likely an ionic salt?

Total: 5]
 3

F
A2 (a) Table 2.1 shows the information of oxides, A, B and C. Exam-
Us

solubility in
oxide appearance
water hydrochloric acid sodium hydroxide

dissoves to fom dissolves to form

white solid insoluble colourless solution colourless solution

soluble dissolves to form

B white solid (turns blue litmus insoluble
paper red) colourless solution
dissolve sparingly dissolves to fom
red litmus insoluble
C white solid(turms colourless solution
paper blue)

Table 2.1

Classify oxides, A, B and C, as acidic, basic or amphoteric oxide.

oxide A .

oxide B. [1

oxide C.
(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for each of the following equations. State
symbols are not required.

() zinc+ hydrochloric acid zinc chloride+ hydrogen

[1

magnesium oxide + sulfuric acid> magnesium sulfate water

+
()
(0)

(c) Balance the following equation.

...CuO(s)+ HNOs(aq) >....Cu(NOs)2(aq) ....H2O()

Total: 6]
A3 Study Table 3.1 and use the infomation to answer the questions that follow.
EXa

element atomic number mass number

chlorine 17 35.5
iron 26 56

carbon 12

Table 3.1

(a) Which element has the same number of protons and neutrons?

...

(b) How many neutrons are there in an atom of iron?

(c) How many electrons are there in a chloride ion?

(d) Drawa 'dot and cross' diagram of chlorine gas. Show only the electrons in the
outermost shell.

121
[Total: 5]
A4 Complete Table 4.1 by filling in the missing information. EX

formula of formula of chemical formula of

name of compound anion compound
cation

iron(1) hydroxide Fe3

ammonium sulfate SO2

sodium hydride NaH

Zn2 CO
Table 4.1 4
Total: 4]

AS Fig. 5.1 shows thee arangement of electrons in compound Y.

xO
H

C C

Fig.5.1
(a) Name all elements present in compound Y.

*****

(b) Which two atoms in compound Y form a double bond?

(c) How many single covalent bonds can each carbon atom form?

*******
[1
(d) Use your knowledge of bonding, explain the low melting and boiling points of
compound Y.

*****

21
Total: 5
 6

A6 Fig. 6.1 shows the structure of an atom of an element Z.

electron
proton
- neutron

Fig.6.1
(a) Using the Periodic Table, state the name and the atomic symbol of an element in the
same group with element Z.

**
11
(b) Describewith a 'dot and cross' diagram to show the bonding between the element Z
and fluorine. Show only the electrons in the outermost shell.

[4
Total: 5]
A9 The figure below contains students' drawings of particles in gases.
A9

A B C

a
Q

D E

Which of the students' drawings, A, B, C, D or E, best represents

(a) a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen,

(b) molecules of methane,

(c) molecules of nitrogen dioxide,

(d) a mixture of compounds and an element,

(e) a mixture of ammonia and water? 15

[Total: 5]
 12

B12 A bottle of lemon juice can easily be purchased from any of our supermarkets.

(a) Suggest the pH of lemon juice.

(b) A student added some sugar syrup to the lemon juice to remove the sour taste and
then tested the pH again. What would the pH now be? Explain your answer.

13
(c) Some magnesium ribbons were added to the lemon juice and effervescence was
observed..

( Name the gas produced.

(11
() Describe a chemical test to identify the gas produced in (c}0).

(d) Drinking too much lemon juice can result in tooth decay if proper dental hygiene is
not practised.

()
() Using the pH of toothpaste, explain how toothpaste can help protect us from
tooth decay if we drink too much lemon juice.

(21
() Some toothpaste contains calcium carbonate which can react with the lemon
juice.
Describe one observation when some toothpaste containing calcium
carbonate is added to lemon juice. State a confimatory test for one of the
products formed.

(2
Total: 101