Short Circuit Calculation

for Electrical Plans

Preparation
BY

Engr. Denis R. Estrella PEE

President/Managing Director
FIRST DEERS CONSULT INC
0932-891-5616 / 0927-826-1734
https://www.facebook.com/FirstDEERSConsultInc/
[email protected]
[email protected]
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose for SCC
1.2 Standards for SCC
1.3 Scope of Calculation
1.4 Short Circuit Types
1.5 SCC Terms and Definition
1.6 Calculation Methods
SCC - METHOD
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Table of Contents
2. Network Data
2.1 Voltage Factor
2.2 Generator Data
2.3 Substation Data
2.4 Transformer Data
2.5 Motor Data
2.6 Cable Data
SCC - METHOD
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Table of Contents

3. General Consideration in SCC

3.1 Base Quantities
3.2 Per Unit Quantities
3.3 Calculation Procedure
3.4 Knowledge in Network Analysis
SCC - METHOD
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Table of Contents
4. Sample Calculation ( ADDICTS RULE)
4.1 Assume Base
4.2 Derive PU Quantities
4.3 Draw Impedance Diagram
4.4 Indicate Fault Location
4.5 Thevenin’s Eq. Circuit
4.6 Solving SCC Using MVA Method
4.7 Sizing the breaker & protection Sys
4.8 Sizing the Earth/Ground Conductor
SCC - METHOD
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Table of Contents

5. Summary Conclusion
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
5.4 Further Studies
SCC - METHOD
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Introduction
1.0 INTRODUCTION
As an electrical engineer, or primary mandate is safety
first. However, our imperfections limit us from
understanding every details needed to ensure safety,
because of this, we as engineers can only make the best
guess that will help us decide what type of system to
use or which type of equipment to select thru design
and calculation.

Design soundness is measured greatly in terms of safety,

Reliability and protection capabilities. Due diligence is
done in order to ensure that during operation the
system being designed will not become a potential
source of hazard to the users but rather a way of
avoiding hazard.
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO Introduction
1.0 INTRODUCTION
In Almost all electrical endeavours, be it design,
installation, or testing the most important part taken
into consideration before engaging oneself into any
electrical work is safety. “ Bago Umaksyon
Magprotection”

Protection can be established early into any electrical

system through proper design. It can be achieve by
providing some kind of weakest link in the system such
as fuse, circuit breaker or any protections means
whereby the system can survive without failure from
the damaging effects of excessive current generated by
the occurrence of FAULT
SCC - METHOD
Introduction
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

1.0 TERMS AND DEFINITION

Fault : Any failure in a circuit which interferes the flow

of current, it can be classified as temporary or
permanent faults

 Temporary Faults: Faults that results from temporary

ionization of the path between the lines caused by
lightning strike
 Permanent Faults: Is caused by permanent path
between lines, and or lines and the ground
 Types of Faults: 3Ph Faults, LL, DLG and SLG
 1.0 SOURCERS OF FAULTS
Introduction
SUBSTATION TRANSMISSION SUBSTATION

NPP

UTILITY
EDGPP TAPPING POINT

HEPP

LVSG

GTPP

CAPACITOR BANK VFD

SPVPP

SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

INDUCTION MOTOR
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Introduction
1.0 TYPES OF FAULTS & OCCURRENCE
3phase faults
LL Faults
DLG faults
SLG Faults
5 5-7%
% 7-10%

80%

We Protect our systems from this faults using: circuit

breakers, fuses and or relays and other means possible
using the calculated 3 phase fault
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO Introduction
1.0 CIRCUIT BREAKERS
CDW9 4000H2
FIN 50/60Hz
Uimp 12kV
Cat. B
Ue 400/415 690 V
ICU 100kA 75kA
ICS 100kA 75kA
ICW(1S) 65kA 75kA

1.) OFF button (O)

2.) ON button (I)
3.) Main contact position indicator
4.) Energy storage mechanism status indicator
5.) Reset Button
6.) LED Indicators
7.) Controller
8.) “Connection”, “Test” and “isolated”
position stopper (the three-position
latching/locking mechanism)
9.) User-supplied padlock
10.) Connection “,” Test “and” separation “of
the position indication
ICU : Ultimate/Interrupting Capacity 11.) Connection (CE) Separation, (CD) Test
(CT) Position indication contacts
ICS : Service/Breaking Capacity 12.) Rated Name Plate
13.) Digital Displays

ICW : Withstand Capacity (0.1 to 3s) 14.) Mechanical energy storage handle
15.) Shake (IN/OUT)
16.) Rocker repository
17.) Fault trip reset button
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO Introduction
1.0 TIME - CURRENT CURVE OF CB’S

LONG TIME
DELAY BET 5-

IR 100SEC

SHORT TIME
DELAY BET
0.1S – 3 SEC

ICU
ICW

INSTANTANEOU

ICS S TRIP
REGION
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO Introduction
1.0 FUSES
SIBA
1 UN 6/12kV
Class F
IN 16A
2 I1 50kA
I3 55A
3 I(0.1S) 80A

IN : Rated Capacity
I1 : Interrupting Capacity 1.) Link Terminal 1
I3 : Current at 3 sec 2.) Fusible material Holder Cap
3.) Rated Name Plate

I0.1 : Current at 0.1 sec 4.) Fusible Component

SCC - METHOD
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Short Circuit
1.1 PURPOSE Calculation
♦ Dimensioning of switching devices
♦ Dynamic dimensioning of switchgear
♦ Thermal rating of electrical devices (e.g. cables)
♦ Protection coordination
♦ Fault diagnostic
♦ Input data for
→Grounding studies
→ Interference calculations
→ EMC planning
SCC - METHOD
Short Circuit
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

1.2 STANDARD
 IEC 60909: Calculation
Short-Circuit Current Calculation in Three-Phase A.C. Systems

 European Standard EN 60909

German National Standard DIN VDE 0102further National Standard

 Engineering Recommendation G74 (UK)

Procedure to Meet the Requirements of IEC 60909 for the Calculation of Short-Circuit
Currents in Three-Phase AC Power Systems

IEC 60947-2
Safety, Reliability and Selectivity compliance for Category A(Without Withstand Capacity) and
B(with withstand Capacity) Circuit breakers should be provided by the manufacturer

 ANSI IIEEE Std. C37.5 (US)

IEEE Guide for Calculation of Fault Currents for Application of a.c. High Voltage Circuit
Breakers Rated on a Total Current Basis.
SCC - METHOD
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Short Circuit
Calculation
1.1DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NEC & IEC IN DEALING WITH
SHORT CIRCUIT ASPECTS
CURRENT TYPE IEC STANDARD NEC STANDARD
RMS Short Circuit Current Ik: steady-state short-circuit current Available Fault Current AFC

[NEC 2020] Fault Current, Available (Available Fault

IEC 60909-0] 3.10 Steady-state short-circuit current.
Current). The largest amount of current capable of being
Ik. Rms value of the short-circuit current which
delivered at a point on the system during a short-circuit
remains after the decay of the transient phenomena
condition.

Interrupting Rating Icu Ultimate short-circuit breaking capacity Interrupting Rating IR

[IEC 60947-2] 2.15.1 ultimate short-circuit breaking

capacity – Icu. A breaking capacity for which the [UL 489] 2.47 INTERRUPTING RATING – the highest RMS
prescribed conditions according to a specified test symmetrical current at rated voltage that a device is
sequence do not include the capability of the circuit intended to interrupt under standard test conditions.
breaker to carry its rated current continuously.

Short Time Withstand Capacity Icw Rated short-time withstand current

[IEC vocabulary 441-17-17]: short-time withstand
current Icw. The current that a circuit or a switching
device in the closed position can carry during a
specified short time under prescribed conditions of
use and behaviour.
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Short Circuit
Calculation
1.1DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NEC & IEC IN DEALING WITH
SHORT CIRCUIT ASPECTS
CURRENT TYPE IEC STANDARD NEC STANDARD
Service Breaking Capacity SCCR and/or Icc Short Circuit Current Rating SCCR
SCCR (EN 60204-1) is the short-circuit current rating
[UL 508A] 2.44 SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT RATING –
value of prospective short-circuit current that can be
The prospective symmetrical fault current at a nominal
withstood by the electrical equipment for the total
voltage to which an apparatus or system is able to be
operating time (clearing time) of the short-circuit
connected without sustaining damage exceeding the
protective device (SCPD) under specified
defined acceptance criteria.
conditions.
Icc (EN 61439-1) is the rated conditional short-circuit
current of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY is the value of
short-circuit current, specified by the manufacturer,
which that circuit, protected by a current limiting
SCPD specified by the manufacturer, can withstand
satisfactorily for the operating time of the device
under the test conditions specified in Clause 10.

Better withstand Overloads, Requires Less Precision in

Usually Less expensive, Less Space, Starter
Design, Better for application with load uncertainties, Can
Others includes single phase detection, Provides quicker
More easily withstand short circuits, Is More fugged and
detection of overload condition, Finger Safe
can better withstand abuse
SCC - METHOD
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Short Circuit
1.3 SCOPE of IEC 60909 Calculation
♦ Three-phase a.c. systems
♦ Low voltage and high voltage systems up to
500 kV nominal frequency of 50 Hz and 60 Hz
♦ Balanced and unbalanced short circuits
→3Phase,LL, SLG, 2SLG with NGR, short
circuits in a systems with isolated neutral
or a resonance earthed neutral
(IEC 60909-3)
♦ Maximum & Minimum short circuit currents
SCC - METHOD
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Short Circuit
1.4 TYPES OF SHORT CIRCUIT
Calculation
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐹𝐹 =
𝑍𝑍𝑡𝑡𝑡

𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐹𝐹 =
𝑍𝑍1 + 𝑍𝑍2

𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐹𝐹 =
𝑍𝑍1 + 𝑍𝑍2 + 3𝑍𝑍𝑁𝑁

𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐹𝐹 =
𝑍𝑍1 + 𝑍𝑍2 + 3𝑍𝑍𝑂𝑂
SCC - METHOD
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Short Circuit
1.5 CURRENT CURVES AND VARIATION
Fault at voltage peak
Calculation
Fault at voltage
zero crossing

Fault located in
the network

Fault located Fault for DC

near generator network
SCC - METHOD
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Short Circuit
Nature of Short Circuit
Calculation
Current Curve

Cycles Elapsed 1/2 3/2 4 cycle and 30 cycles upwards

Impedance Considered X”d X’d Xs

SCC - METHOD
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Short Circuit
Calculation
1.5.2 CURRENT ACCORDING TO IEC60909
Initial symmetrical short-circuit current Ik”
r.m.s. value of the a.c. symmetrical component of a prospective (available) short-circuit
current, applicable at the instant of short circuit if the impedance remains at zero-time value
IK/CU” =(1.02 + 0.98e-3R/X )*√2*IF = 1.6*IF

Breaking Capacity of Circuit breakers”

Available short circuit immediately after completing several cycles
(1.4 @ three cycles, 1.3 @ five cycles, 1.2 @ 6 cycles, 1.1 @ 8 cycles)

IB/CS = k*IF
NOTE: Sk” is often used to calculate the internal impedance of a network feeder at the connection point. In
this case the definition given should be used in the following form:
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Short Circuit
Calculation
1.5.2 CURRENT ACCORDING TO IEC60909

Where:
µ0.02 = 0.84 + 0.26e-0.28(I”kg/Irg) for tmin = 0.02 secs
µ0.05 = 0.71 + 0.51e-0.30(I”kg/Irg) for tmin = 0.05 secs
µ0.10 = 0.62 + 0.72e-0.0.32(I”kg/Irg) for tmi = 0.10 secs
µ0.25 = 0.56 + 0.94e-0.38(I”kg/Irg) for tmin = 0.25 secs

I”kg/Irg : ratio between the symmetrical to

full load current of the generator

NOTE: Sk” is often used to calculate the internal impedance of a network feeder at
the connection point. In this case the definition given should be used in the
following form:
SCC - METHOD
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Short Circuit
Calculation
1.5.2 CURRENT ACCORDING TO IEC60909

Decaying Component id.c. of SCC

mean value between the top and bottom envelope of a short-circuit
current decaying from an initial value to zero

Peak short-circuit current ip

maximum possible instantaneous value of the prospective (available)
short-circuit current

ip = 2 x sqrt2 x IF = 2.83 IF
NOTE: The magnitude of the peak short-circuit current varies in accordance with
the moment at which the short circuit occurs.
SCC - METHOD
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Short Circuit Calculation

1.5.3 USES OF SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT VALUES
Design Criterion Physical Effect Relevant short-circuit current

Breaking capacity of circuit Thermal stress to arcing Symmetrical short-circuit

breakers chamber; arc extinction breaking current IB/CS

Mechanical stress to Forces to electrical devices Peak short-circuit current

equipment (e.g. bus bars, cables…) ip
Thermal stress to equipment Temperature rise of Initial symmetrical short-
electrical devices (e.g. I
circuit current k/cu ”
cables) Fault duration
Protection setting Selective detection of partial Minimum symmetrical short-
short-circuit currents I
circuit current k
Earthing, Interference, EMC Potential rise; Maximum initial symmetrical
Magnetic fields I
short-circuit current k/cu
SCC - METHOD
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Network Data
2.1 NETWORK DATA NEEDED FOR SCC
CALACULATION METHODS

♦ MVA Method Procedure and Formulas

♦ Per Unit Quantities
♦ System Parameters
→System available fault level
→ System X/R ratio
→ Cable Impedance
→ Transformer impedance
→ Generator Impedance
→ Motor Impedance
SCC - METHOD
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Network Data
2.2 VOLTAGE FACTOR
♦Voltage Factor C is a safety factor to consider the following
effects:
→voltage variations depending on time and place,
→ changing of transformer taps,
→ Neglecting loads and capacitances by calculations,
→ The sub-transient behaviour of generators and motors
Voltage factor c for calculation of
Nominal voltage maximum SCC minimum SCC

Low voltage 100 V – 1000 V

-systems with a tolerance of 6% 1.05 0.95
-systems with a tolerance of 10% 1.10 0.95
Medium voltage >1 kV – 35 kV 1.10 1.00
High voltage >35 kV 1.10 1.00
SCC - METHOD
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Network Data
2.3 MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM CURRENT

maximum minimum
short circuit currents short circuit currents

Voltage factor Cmax Cmin

Power plants Maximum contribution Minimum contribution

Network feeders Minimum impedance Maximum impedance

Motors shall be considered shall be neglected

Resistance of lines and cables at 20°C at maximum temperature

SCC - METHOD
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Network Data
2.4 SYSTEM PER UNIT VALUES
UTILITY DATA X/R Ratio

Near Generator
kV MVAF Remote End Near Sbstation
Station
Range Suggested Range Suggested Range Suggested
13.8 500 3 to 8 8 10 to 15 15 20 to 25 25
24 1500 3 to 8 8 10 to 15 15 20 to 25 25
34.5 2500 3 to 8 8 10 to 15 15 20 to 25 25
69 3500 3 to 8 8 10 to 15 15 20 to 25 25
138 10000 3 to 8 8 10 to 15 15 20 to 25 25
230 10000 3 to 8 8 10 to 15 15 20 to 25 25
SCC - METHOD
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Network Data
2.4 ROTATING MACHINES PER UNIT VALUES
Equipment Sub-transient Transient Synchronous
Reactance Reactance Reactance

Turbo Generator 10-20 15-25 150-230

Salient Pole Generator 15-25 25-35 70-120

High Speed Motor 15 25 80 ▼

Low Speed Motor 35 50 100

Compensators(Cap 25 40 100
Bank)
Note All Values are in Per unit
SCC - METHOD
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Network Data
2.4 SYSTEM PER UNIT VALUES

Primary Substation % Impedance

If Specific Information is not available, use the following guide for
Transformer 501-10000kVA 3 phase and 501-5000kVA Single Phase.
ANSI C57.12.10-1958 & NEMA Transformer Standard TR-1-1962
Secondary Voltage
Primary Voltage
2400V Up 480V
2400-22900 5.5% 5.75%
26000-34500 6% 6.25%
43800 6.5% 6.75%
69000 7%
SCC - METHOD
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Network Data
2.4 SYSTEM PER UNIT VALUES
Secondary Substation Impedance Data
IF Specific Information is not Available for High Voltage Maximum is 15kV
and Low Voltage is 600V Maximum, use the following guide
kVA 3Ph NEMA Std % Range Suggested X/R Suggested Z

112.5 2 2.3 - 5.2 5 3

150 2 2.7 – 5.1 5 3.5
225 2 4.4 – 5.0 5.5 4.5
300 4.5 4.5 – 6.0 6 4.5
400 4.5 4.5 – 6.0 6 4.5
500 4.5 4.5 – 6.0 6 5.0
750 5.75 5.75 7 5.75
1000 5.75 5.75 8 5.75
1500 5.75 5.75 9 5.75
2000 5.75 5.75 12 5.75
2500 5.75 5.75 12 5.75
SCC - METHOD
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Network Data
2.4 SYSTEM PER UNIT VALUES
COPPER Conductor Cable R and X Data
Typical Values for line to Neutral in Milli-Ohms per Meter(mΩ/m)
Single Core Cable Multicore Cable
Area
Metallic Duct Non Metallic Metallic Duct Non Metallic
(mm2)
R X R X R X R X
2.0 S 8.46 0.25 8.46 0.19 8.46 0.17 8.46 0.15
3.5 S 5.28 0.23 5.28 0.18 5.28 0.16 5.28 0.14
5.5S 3.31 0.22 3.31 0.18 3.31 0.16 3.31 0.14
8.0 2.23 0.19 2.23 0.16 2.23 0.15 2.23 0.13
8.0 S 2.16 0.20 2.16 0.16 2.16 0.15 2.16 0.13
14 1.40 0.19 1.40 0.15 1.40 0.14 1.40 0.12
14 S 1.36 0.19 1.36 0.15 1.36 0.15 1.36 0.13
22 0.88 0.17 0.88 0.14 0.88 0.13 0.88 0.12
22 S 0.86 0.18 0.86 0.15 0.86 0.14 0.86 0.12
SCC - METHOD
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Network Data
2.4 SYSTEM PER UNIT VALUES
COPPER Conductor Cable R and X Data
Typical Values for line to Neutral in Milli-Ohms per Meter(mΩ/m)▼
Single Core Cable Multicore Cable
Area
Metallic Duct Non Metallic Metallic Duct Non Metallic
(mm2)
R X R X R X R X
30 0.56 0.16 0.56 0.13 0.56 0.12 0.56 0.11
38 0.44 0.17 0.44 0.13 0.44 0.13 0.44 0.11
50 0.35 0.16 0.35 0.13 0.35 0.12 0.35 0.11
60 0.28 0.16 0.28 0.13 0.28 0.12 0.28 0.11
80 0.23 0.15 0.23 0.12 0.23 0.12 0.23 0.10
100 0.18 0.15 0.18 0.12 0.18 0.11 0.18 0.10
125 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.12 0.15 0.12 0.15 0.10
150 0.13 0.15 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.11 0.13 0.10
175 0.11 0.15 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.10
200 0.10 0.14 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.10 0.10
250 0.08 0.14 0.08 0.11 0.08 0.11 0.08 0.09
2.4 SYSTEM PER UNIT VALUES
Network
Bus Duct R and X Data
Typical Values for line to Neutral in Milli-Ohms per Meter(mΩ/m) Data
Feeder Duct Plug In Duct
Ampere
Aluminium Copper Aluminium Copper
Rating
R X R X R X R X
225 0.2216 0.2257 0.2474 0.2283
400 0.1245 0.2280 0.0808 0.2362
600 0.0633 0.0080 0.000 0.000 0.0728 0.1269 0.0564 0.2411
800 0.0633 0.0080 0.0481 0.0186 0.0423 0.0925 0.0467 0.1440
1000 0.0499 0.0154 0.0399 0.0080 0.0355 0.0918 0.0300 0.1502
1350 0.0325 0.0169 0.0278 0.0195
1600 0.0285 0.0030 0.0187 0.0203
2000 0.0210 0.0085 0.0198 0.0040
2500 0.0169 0.0048 0.0136 0.0098
3000 0.0143 0.0070 0.0092 0.0103
4000 0.0102 0.0060 0.0060 0.0070
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

General Consideration
3.1 FACTORS CONSIDERED IN SCC

 The use of per unit quantities

 Base Quantities
 Mathematical Formulas

MVAB
ZPU = ZA x 2
kV
2
MVAN kVO
ZN = ZO x x
MVAO kVN
MVAB
MVAF = ©
ZTH
SCC - METHOD
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General Consideration
3.2 PER UNIT QUANTITIES

 Voltage Drop : MVAPU x ZPU

 Fault MVA : MVAB x YTH−PU
1
 Admittance, Y :
Z
R X
−j 2 2
R2 +X2 R +X
R
 Conductance, G:
R2 +X2
X
 Susceptance, B : 𝑗𝑗 2 2
R +X
SCC - METHOD
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General Consideration
3.2 NOTATIONS

Where
MVAB : Power base
kVB : Voltage base
ZA : Actual Impedance
ZN : New PU value
ZO : Old PU Value
ZTH : Thevenins Equiv Impedance
SCC - METHOD
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General Consideration
3.3 CALCULATION PROCEDURES/METHODS
The general methodology is simplified by the
acronym
A-D-D-I-C-T-S
A : Assume power (S, MVA) and voltage (kV) base
D : Derive per unit Quantities
D : Draw reactance diagram
I : Indicate Fault Location
C : Calculate Thevenin’s Equivalent Impedance
T : Thevenin’s Equivalent Impedance of the
network Calculation
S : Solve for the fault current
 ADDICTS - Methodology
Solve the Short Assume Base
Circuit Current Using Quantities for Power
MVA Method A and Voltage
Assume
Convert Old Per Unit
S D to New Per Unit Base
Solve SCC Derive

Draw the Final

Thevenin’s Network
Draw the reactance
T D diagram with new PU
Thevenin’s Network Draw

Calculate the
Indicate the Desired
Thevenin’s Equivalent
Impedance C I Fault Locations
Calculate Indicate
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Up SCC Level Procedur
Transformer Transformer SCC
e
SCC Voltage, Vc Voltage, Vc

SCC at
Transformer
Terminal Breaking Capacity
Main
Short time and Instantaneous Circuit Breaker
 Power Factor rating
 Coincidence
factor SCC at LVSG
 Duty Factor Conductor Characteristics
 Expansion  Bus bars Breaking Capacity Main LVSG
Switchboard
Factor  Length Short time and Instantaneous Distribution Board
 Width rating Circuit Breakers
 Thickness SCC at DPB
 Cables
 Type of insulation
Breaking Capacity Secondary
 Core( single/multi)
Load Rating Distribution Board
 Length Short time and Instantaneous
rating
Circuit Breakers
 Area
 Environment SCC at PB
 Ambient Temperature
 Installation Method Breaking Capacity Final
 Feeder rating  Number of Contiguous Short time and Instantaneous
Distribution Board
Circuit Breakers
 Voltage Drop circuits
rating

SCC at Final Out-

goers
SCC - METHOD
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Sample Calculation

SAMPLE CALCULATION
SHORT CIRCUIT
 Sample Calculation

TCB3

G DT
X K
2
A B
T M
6 F J
2 2 9
E I M
B 2 2 8
5
M
LVSG3

D H
2 2 7
TCB2

G DT
X K
1
A B
T F J M
4
1 1 6
E I M
B 1 1 5
3
M
LVSG2

D H
1 1 4
TCB1
G DT
X K
0
F J M
A B
T 0 0 3
2
E I M
B 0 0 2
1
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

LVSG1
D H
0 0 1
G G G
 Sample Calculation

TCB3

G DT
X K
2
A B
T M
6 F J
2 2 9
E I M
B 2 2 8
5
M
LVSG3

D H
2 2 7
TCB2

G DT
X K
1
A B
T F J M
4
1 1 6
E I M
B 1 1 5
3
M
LVSG2

D H
1 1 4
TCB1
G DT
X K
0
F J M
A B
T 0 0 3
2
E I M
B 0 0 2
1
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

LVSG1
D H
0 0 1
G G G
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

Sample Calculation
LVSG1 DT
G X K

A T B2 F J M3
F4
E I M2
B1
F3
D H M1
G F1 F2

System Parameter LVSG) Equipment Cables Loads

Fault Level : 500 B1 & B2 : 4000A, ACB B2: 11 x 3-250mm2 @ 35m M1 : 1000kVA
VCB : 630A Feeder D : 1600A, ACB H : 5 x 3-250mm2 @ 150m M2: 650kVA
Transformer : 2500kVA Feeder E : 1000A, ACB I : 3 x 3-250mm2 @ 200m M3: 650kVA
Voltage : 13.8/.44kV Feeder F : 1000A, ACB J :3 x 3-250mm2 @ 250m DTX: 300kVA
Feeder G : 400A K :2 x 3-250mm2 @300m
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

Sample Calculation
A - Assume Base
Values
A : Assume Base Values
Power : 500 MVA
Voltage : 13.8/.44kV
Actual Values (System) Actual Values(Loads)
Fault Level : 500MVA Loads ▲
Transformer : 2500kVA M1 : 1000kVA, Xs = j0.25
Zs : 5.75, M2 : 650kVA, Xs = j0.25
X/R : 12 M3 : 650kVA Xs = j0.25
R : 0.4775 DTX: 300kVA Zs = 4, X/R =6
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

Sample Calculation
A - Assume Base
Values
Actual Values ▲
From 2.4 the 250mm2 Cable Has the Feeder I : 3 x 3-250mm2 @ 200m
Following Data 200𝑚𝑚
: 𝑥𝑥(0.00008 + 𝑗𝑗𝑗.00014)
Ra = 0.08Ω/1000m = 0.00008 Ω 3𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
Xa = 0.14Ω/1000m = 0.00014 Ω : 0.005333 + j0.009333

Feeder B2 : 11 x 3-250mm2 @ 35m Feeder J :3 x 3-250mm2 @ 250m

35𝑚𝑚 250𝑚𝑚
: 𝑥𝑥(0.00008 + 𝑗𝑗𝑗.00014) : 𝑥𝑥(0.00008 + 𝑗𝑗𝑗.00014)
11𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 3𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
: 0.000255 + j0.000445 : 0.006667+j0.011667

Feeder H : 5 x 3-250mm2 @ 150m Feeder K :2 x 3-250mm2 @300m

150𝑚𝑚 300𝑚𝑚
: 𝑥𝑥(0.00008 + 𝑗𝑗𝑗.00014) : 𝑥𝑥(0.00008 + 𝑗𝑗𝑗.00014)
5𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 3𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
: 0.002400 +j0.004200 : 0.012 +j0.021
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
D – Derives Per Unit
Values
System Actual Values transformer Actual Values
Fault Level = 500, 1; X/R =15 Capacity = 2.5MVA
R = 0.06652 Z = 5.75%
X = 0.99779 X/R = 12
Rpu = 5.75/SQRT(1+12^2) = 0.004775
System Per Unit Values Xpu = 0.4775*12 = 0.057301
RPU−O ∗ MVAN Transformer Per Unit Values
Rpu-sys = RPU−O ∗ MVAN
MVA𝑂𝑂
RTX =
1.0 ∗500 MVA𝑂𝑂
= 0.004775 ∗500
500
= 1.0 =
2.5
1.0 ∗500 = 0.95502
Xpu-sys = 0.057301 ∗500
500
= j0 Xpu-sys =
2.5
= j11.46028
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
D – Derives Per Unit
Values
Feeder B2 Actual Values Feeder H Actual Values
ZB2 = 0.000255 + j0.000445 ZH = 0.002400 +j0.004200
MVAB MVAB
ZPU = ZA x ZPU = ZA x 2
2 kV kV

System Per Unit Values Feeder H Per Unit Values

MVAB MVAB
ZPU = ZA x ZPU = ZA x 2
2 kV kV
500 500
R B2−PU = 0.00025 ∗ R H−PU = 0.002400 ∗
0.442 0.442
= 0.65857 = 6.19835
500 500
XB2−PU = 0.000445 ∗ XH−PU = 0.004200 ∗
0.442 0.442
= 1.14928 = 10.84711
ZB2PU = 0.65857 + j1.14928 ZHPU = 6.19835 + j10.84711
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
D – Derives Per Unit
Values
Feeder I Actual Values Feeder J Actual Values
ZI = 0.005333 + j0.009333 ZJ = 0.006667+j0.011667
MVAB MVAB
ZPU = ZA x 2 ZPU = ZA x 2
kV kV

Feeder I Per Unit Values Feeder J Per Unit Values

MVAB MVAB
ZPU = ZA x 2 ZPU = ZA x 2
kV kV
500 500
R I−PU = 0.005333 ∗ R J−PU = 0.006667 ∗
0.442 0.442
= 13.77324 = 17.21849
500 500
XI−PU = 0.000933 ∗ XJ−PU = 0.011667 ∗
0.442 0.442
= 24.10382 = 30.13171
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382 ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
D – Derives Per Unit
Values
Feeder k Actual Values Summary of Pus for Feeders
ZK = 0.012 +j0.021
ZPU = ZA x
MVAB Feeder B2
kV2
ZB2PU = 0.65857 + j1.14928
Feeder H
Feeder K Per Unit Values ZHPU = 6.19835 + j10.84711
MVAB
ZIPUZPU = =ZA13.77324
x
kV2 + j24.10382 Feeder I
ZJPUR = 17.21849 + 500
j30.13171 ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382
K−PU = 0.012000 ∗ Feeder J
0.442
= 30.99174 ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
Feeder K
500
XK−PU = 0.021000 ∗ 2
ZKPU = 30.99174 + j54.23554
0.44
= 54.23554
ZKPU = 30.99174 + j54.23554
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
D – Derives Per Unit
Motor Load 1, M1Values Motor Load 2, M2
ZM1 = 0.0 +j0.25 ZM1 = 0.0 +j0.25
MVA = 1.0 MVA = 0.65
Z ∗ MVAN Z ∗ MVAN
Zpu = PU−O Zpu = PU−O
MVA𝑂𝑂 MVA𝑂𝑂

Motor Load1, M1 Per Unit Values Motor Load2, M2 Per Unit Values
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382
ZPU−O ∗ MVA N ZPU−O ∗ MVAN
Zpu = Zpu =
ZJPU = 17.21849
MVA𝑂𝑂 + j30.13171 MVA𝑂𝑂
500 500
R M1−PU = 0.0000 ∗ R M2−PU = 0.0000 ∗
1.00 0.650
= 0.000 = 0.000
500 500
XM1−PU = 0.25 ∗ XM2−PU = 0.25 ∗
1.00 0.650
= 125 = 192.30769
ZM1PU = 0.0000 + j125.0000 ZM2PU = 0.0000 + j192.30769
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
D – Derives Per Unit
Motor Load 3, M3Values Motor Load 4, M4
ZM1 = 0.0 +j0.25 ZM1 = 0.04
MVA = 0.65 x/r = 6
Z ∗ MVAN MVA = 0.30
Zpu = PU−O
MVA𝑂𝑂
R = 0.04/SQRT(1+62) = 0.007398
X = 6*0.007398 = 0.044388
Motor Load3, M3 Per Unit Values
ZIPU = 13.77324
ZPU−O ∗ MVA+ j24.10382
N
Motor Load4, M4 Per Unit Values
ZPU−O ∗ MVAN
ZJPU Zpu =
= 17.21849
MVA𝑂𝑂 + j30.13171 Zpu =
MVA𝑂𝑂
500 500
R M3−PU = 0.0000 ∗ R M3−PU = 0.007398 ∗
0.650 0.300
= 0.000
= 12.32992
500
XM3−PU = 0.25 ∗ 500
0.650 XM3−PU = 0.044388 ∗
= 192.30769 0.300
= 73.97954
ZM3PU = 0.0000 + j192.30769
ZM3PU = 12.32992 + j73.97954
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
I – Indicate Fault
Location
LVSG1 DT
G X K

A T B2 F J M3
F4
E I M2
B1
F3
D H M1
G F1 F2
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
I – Indicate Fault
Location,F1 j73.9795
30.9917+j54.2355

LVSG1
F4
17.2185+j30.1317 j192.3077
M
0.06652+j0.99779 0.6586+j1.1493 3
F4
A
13.7732+j24.1038 j192.3077
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.103820.9550+j11.4603 M
2
F3
ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171 6.1984+j10.8471 j125.0000
M
1
F1 F2

Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
I – Indicate Fault
Location

LVSG1
30.9917+j246.5432
ZSYS M
3

A
13.7732+j216.4115
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382
M
2
0.06652+j0.99779
ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
0.6586+j1.1493 6.1984+j135.8471
M

0.9550+j11.4603 F1
1

ZSYS = 1.68012+j13.60734

Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate The Network
Solving for System Admittances For Left Side Impedance,

Admittance, Y =
𝑅𝑅
− 𝑗𝑗
𝑋𝑋 Feeder H & M1 YM2-I = 0.000293 - j0.004602
𝑅𝑅 2 +𝑋𝑋 2 𝑅𝑅 2 +𝑋𝑋 2

ZM1-H = 6.1984 + j135.8471 Feeder J & M3

For Left Side Impedance
ZM3-J = 30.9917 + j246.5432
ZSYS = 1.68012+j13.60734 YM1-H = 6.19842– j 135.84712
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382 6.1984 + 135.8471
ZJPUY 30.9917 – j246.5432
= = 17.21849 + j30.13171 YM3-J =
𝑅𝑅 𝑋𝑋
SYS − 𝑗𝑗 YM1-H = 0.000335 - j0.007346 30.99172 + 246.54322
𝑅𝑅 2 +𝑋𝑋 2 𝑅𝑅 2 +𝑋𝑋 2

1.68012 - j13.60734 Feeder I & M2 YM3-J = 0.00050 - j0.003993

YSYS =
1.680122 + 13.60742
ZM2-I = 13.7732+j216.4115
YSYS = 0.00894 – j0.07239

YM2-I = 13.77322– j 216.41152

13.7732 + 216.4115
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate The Network

YM3-J = 0.00050 - j0.003993

YSYS = 0.00894 – j0.07239
M
3

A YM2-I = 0.000293 - j0.004602

M

ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382 2

ZJPU YM1-H =
= 17.21849 + j30.13171 0.000335 - j0.007346
M
1
F1

Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate The Network
F1
YSYS = 0.00894 – j0.07239

YM1-H = 0.000335 - j0.007346

YM2-I = 0.000293 - j0.004602

YM3-J = 0.00050 - j0.003993

ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382
ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
A

Vf
M
1

M
2

M
3
LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
T – Obtain Thevenins Equiv
F1
Solving fo MVAF
MVAF = MVAB x YF1
= 500 x 0.088899
= 44.45 MVA
YF1
Vf
IFAULT = 44.45MVA/(1.732*0.44kV)
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382 = 58.33kA
ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
Solving for Ip, IM, IB

YF1 = 0.00894 – j0.07239 IPEAK = 2.83 x 58.33

0.000335 – j0.007346 = 165.1kA Say 165kA
0.000293 – j0.004602 IMOM = 1.6 x 58.33
0.000502 – j0.003993 = 93.33kA Say 95kA
YF1 = 0.010068 – j0.088327 IBRK = 1.1 x 58.33
= 64.15kA Say 65kA
YF1 = 0.088899, X/R = 8.77
Results for F1 Fault at LVSG, F1
Solving fo MVAF Solving for Ip, IM, IB
MVAF = MVAB x YF1 IPEAK = 2.83 x 58.33
= 500 x 0.088899 = 165.1kA Say 165kA
= 44.45 MVA ICU = 1.6 x 58.33
= 93.33kA Say 95kA YTOTAL
IFAULT = 44.45MVA/(1.732*0.44kV) ICS = 1.1 x 58.33
= 58.33kA = 64.15kA Say 65kA

V
f
Design Criterion Relevant short-circuit current Values kAIC Isc/Ir

Breaking capacity of Symmetrical short-circuit breaking

64.15 65 17.25
circuit breakers current Ib = 1.1IK
Mechanical stress to
Peak short-circuit current ip= 2.82Ik 165.1 165 43.75
equipment
Thermal stress to Initial symmetrical short-circuit
93.33 95 25
equipment current Ik”, 1.6xIK
Minimum symmetrical short-circuit
Protection setting 55.4 55 15
current Ik x 0.95
Earthing, Interference, Maximum initial symmetrical short-
93.33 95 25
EMC circuit current Ik”, 1.6Ik
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
I – Indicate Fault
30.9917+j54.2355 j73.9795

LVSG1
F4
17.2185+j30.1317 j192.3077
M
0.06652+j0.99779 0.6586+j1.1493 3
F4
A
13.7732+j24.1038 j192.3077
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382
0.9550+j11.4603
F3
M
2

ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.131716.1984+j10.8471 j125.0000

M
1
F1 F2

Vf
YM1-H
YL2 = YF1 – YM1-H ZH = 6.1984+j10.8471 YM1 = 1/125.00
LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
ZH = 6.1984+j10.8471
F2
YM2-I = 0.000293 - j0.004602
YSYS = 0.00894 – j0.07239

YM3-J = 0.00050 - j0.003993

YM1 = 0.00000 - j0.00800

ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382
ADD
ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
A

Vf
M
M

3
2

M
1
LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate The Network
Solving for System Admittances Convert the Total Admittance to Impedance

ADD THE ADMITTANES Impedance/Admittance Relationship

For Left Side Admittance Admittance to Impedance Conversion

ZIPU YL2 ==Y13.77324 + j24.10382Impedance, Z

SYS + YM2-I + YM3-J =
1
=
𝐺𝐺
+ 𝑗𝑗
𝐵𝐵
𝑌𝑌 𝐺𝐺 2 +𝐵𝐵2 𝐺𝐺 2 +𝐵𝐵2
ZJPU = 10.06652+j0.99779
+ j30.13171
0.000293 + j0.004602 0.00973 – j0.080981
ZL2 =
0.000502 – j0.003993 0.009732 + 0.0809812
0.00973 – j0.080981
Left side Admittance ZL2 = 1.46293 + j10.84711

YL2 = 0.00973 – j0.080981 Substitute to the Network

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
6.1984+j10.8471
F2

Z = 1.46293 + j10.84711 YM1 = 1/125

ZL2 = 1.46293
L2
+ j10.84711 = 0.008000

Two Impedances in YM1 = 0.00000 – j0.008000

Series, Add to get the
A

total Impedance

M
1
Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
ZH = 6.1984+j10.8471
F2

YM1 = 1/125
= 0.008000
ZL2 = 1.46293 + j10.84711
YM1 = 0.00000 – j0.008000
ZL2-H = 6.1984+j10.847100
1.46293 + j10.84711
A

ZL2 -H =7.66128 + j23.01981

M
1
Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
Convert ZL2-H to Admittance

F2

YM1 = 1/125
= 0.008000
ZL2 -H = 7.66128 + j23.01981
YL2-H
1 YM1 = 0.00000 – j0.008000
YL2 -H =
7.66128 + j23.01981

YL2 -H = 0.013016 + j0.039109

A

M
1
Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
T – Obtain Thevenins Equiv
F2 Solving fo MVAF
MVAF = MVAB x YF1
= 500 x 0.048874
= 24.43 MVA
Vf
YF2 IFAULT = 24.43MVA/(1.732*0.44kV)
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382 = 32.06kA
ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
Solving for Ip, IM, IB
IPEAK = 2.83 x 32.06
YF2 = 0.013016 + j0.039109
0.000000 – j0.008000
= 90.75kA Say 100kA
YF2 = 0.013016– j0.047109 IMOM = 1.6 x 32.06
= 51.3kA Say 55kA
YF2 = 0.048874, X/R = 3.62 IBRK = 1.1 x 32.06
= 35.27kA Say 35kA
Results for F2 Fault at F2
Solving fo MVAF Solving for Ip, IM, IB
MVAF = MVAB x YF1 IPEAK = 2.83 x 32.06
= 500 x 0.048874 = 90.75kA Say 100kA
= 24.43 MVA ICU = 1.6 x 32.06
= 51.3kA Say 55kA YTOTAL

IFAULT = 24.43MVA/(1.732*0.44kV) ICS = 1.1 x 32.06

= 32.06kA = 35.27kA Say 35kA

V
f
Design Criterion Relevant short-circuit current Values kAIC Isc/Ir

Breaking capacity of Symmetrical short-circuit breaking

35.27 35 21.9
circuit breakers current Ib = 1.1IK
Mechanical stress to
Peak short-circuit current ip= 2.82Ik 90.75 100 62.5
equipment
Thermal stress to Initial symmetrical short-circuit
51.30 55 34.4
equipment current Ik”, 1.6xIK
Minimum symmetrical short-circuit
Protection setting 30.46 30 18.75
current Ik x 0.95
Earthing, Interference, Maximum initial symmetrical short-
51.30 55 34.4
EMC circuit current Ik” x 1.6Ik
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
I – Indicate Fault, F3
30.9917+j54.2355 j73.9795

LVSG1
F4
17.2185+j30.1317 j192.3077
M
0.06652+j0.99779 0.6586+j1.1493 3

A
13.7732+j24.1038 j192.3077
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382
0.9550+j11.4603 M
2

ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.131716.1984+j10.8471F3 j125.0000

M
1
YM2 = 1/192.3077
F1 F2 = j0.005200

Vf

YL3 = YF1 – YM2-I Z I = 13.7732 + j24.1038

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
Impedance,
Z = 13.7732+j24.1038 F3 I

YM1-H = 0.000335 - j0.007346 F3

YL = 0.00894 – j0.07239

YM2 = 0.00000 - j0.005200

YM3-J = 0.00050 - j0.003993
A

Vf
M
M

2
1

M
3
LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
Impedance,F3
ZI = 13.7732 + j24.1038
F3

YL3 = YSYS + YM1-H + YM3-J YM2 = 1/192.3077

= 0.00894 – j0.07239 = 0.005200
ZL3 0.000335 + j0.007346
0.000502 – j0.003993 YM2 = 0.00000 – j0.005200
YL3 = 0.009975 – j0.083725
1
ZL3 =
0.009975 – j0.083725
A

ZL3 = 1.469287 + j12.58512

M
1
Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
Impedance,
Z = 13.77324 + j24.10382
F3
I
F3

YM2 = 1/192.3077
= 0.005200
ZL3 = 1.469287 + j12.58512
YM2 = 0.00000 – j0.005200
ZL3-I = 13.7732+j24.10382
1.469287 + j12.58512
A

ZL3 -I = 15.24253+ j36.68895

M
1
Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
Impedance, F3
F3

YM2 = 1/192.3077
= 0.005200
YL3-I ZL3 -I = 15.24253+ j36.68895
1 YM2 = 0.00000 – j0.005200
YL3 -I =
15.24253+ j36.68895

YL3 -I = 0.025896 + j0.062332

A

M
1
Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
T – Obtain Thevenins Equiv
Network,
F3
F3
Solving fo MVA F
MVAF = MVAB x YF1
= 500 x 0.072327
= 36.16 MVA
Vf Y IFAULT = 36.16MVA/(1.732*0.44kV)
ZIPU = 13.77324F3 + j24.10382 = 47.45kA
ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
Solving for Ip, IM, IB
IPEAK = 2.83 x 47.45
YF3 = 0.025896 + j0.062332
= 134.29kA Say 140kA
0.000000 – j0.005200
YF3 = 0.025896 – j0.0687532
IMOM = 1.6 x 47.45
= 75.92kA Say 80kA
YF3 = 0.072327, X/R = 2.6 IMOM = 1.1 x 47.45
= 52.1988kA Say 55kA
Results for F3 Fault at F3
Solving fo MVAF Solving for Ip, IM, IB
MVAF = MVAB x YF1 IPEAK = 2.83 x 47.45
= 500 x 0.072327 = 134.29kA Say 140kA
= 36.16MVA ICU = 1.6 x 47.45
YTOTAL
= 75.92kA Say 80kA
IFAULT = 36.16MVA/(1.732*0.44kV) ICS = 1.1 x 47.45
= 47.45kA = 52.1988kA Say 55kA

V
f
Design Criterion Relevant short-circuit current Values kAIC Isc/Ir

Breaking capacity of Symmetrical short-circuit breaking

52.19 55 55
circuit breakers current Ib = 1.1IK
Mechanical stress to
Peak short-circuit current ip= 2.82Ik 134.29 140 140
equipment
Thermal stress to Initial symmetrical short-circuit
75.92 80 80
equipment current Ik”, 1.6xIK
Minimum symmetrical short-circuit
Protection setting 45.59 46 46
current Ik x 0.95
Earthing, Interference, Maximum initial symmetrical short-
75.92 80 80
EMC circuit current Ik” x 1.6Ik
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
I – Indicate Fault
Location,F4 j73.9795
30.9917+j54.2355

LVSG1
F4
17.2185+j30.1317 j192.3077
M
0.06652+j0.99779 0.6586+j1.1493 3
F4
A 13.7732+j24.1038 j192.3077
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382
0.9550+j11.4603 M
2

ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.131716.1984+j10.8471F3 j125.0000

M
1
F1 F2

Vf

YL4 = YF1 – YM3-J Z J = 17.2185 + j30.1317 YM3 = 1/192.3077

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
Impedance,
Z = 17.2185+j30.1317 F4 J

F4
YM1-H = 0.000335 - j0.007346

YM2-I = 0.000293 - j0.004602

YL = 0.00894 – j0.07239

YM3 = 0.00000 - j0.005200

ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382
ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
A

Vf
M
M

2
1

M
3
LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
Impedance,F4
ZJ= 17.2185 + j30.1317
F4

YL4 = YSYS + YM1-H + YM2-I YM3 = 1/192.3077

= 0.00894 – j0.07239 = 0.005200
ZL4 0.000335 + j0.007346
0.000293 – j0.004602
YM3 = 0.00000 – j0.005200
YL4 = 0.009566– j0.084334
1
ZL4 =
0.009566– j0.084334
A

ZL4 = 1.437866+ j12.67669

M
1
Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
Impedance,
Z = 17.2185+ j30.1317
F3
J
F4

YM3 = 1/192.3077
= 0.005200
ZL4 = 1.437866+ j12.67669
YM3 = 0.00000 – j0.005200
ZL4-J = 17.2185+j30.1317
1.437866+ j12.67669
A

ZL4 -J = 18.65636+ j42.80841

M
1
Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
C – Calculate Network
Impedance, F4
F4

YM3 = 1/192.3077
= 0.005200
YL4-J ZL4 -J = 18.65636+ j42.80841
1 YM3 = 0.00000 – j0.005200
YL4 -J =
18.65636+ j42.80841

YL4 -J = 0.031696 + j0.072728

A

M
1
Vf

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE RIGHT SIDE IMPEDANCE

SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO
Sample Calculation
T – Obtain Thevenins Equiv
Network,
F4
F4
Solving fo MVA F
MVAF = MVAB x YF4
= 500 x 0.084128
= 4.06 MVA
Vf Y IFAULT = 42.06MVA/(1.732*0.44kV)
ZIPU = 13.77324F4 + j24.10382 = 55.2kA
ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
Solving for Ip, IM, IB
IPEAK = 2.83 x 55.2
YF4 = 0.031696 + j0.072728
= 156.2kA Say 160kA
0.000000 – j0.005200
YF4 = 0.031696 – j0.077928
IMOM = 1.6 x 55.2
= 88.31kA Say 90kA
YF4 = 0.084128, X/R = 2.46 IMOM = 1.1 x 55.2
= 60.72kA Say 65kA
Results for F4 Fault at F4
Solving fo MVAF Solving for Ip, IM, IB
MVAF = MVAB x YF4 IPEAK = 2.83 x 55.2
= 500 x 0.04128 = 156.2kA Say 160kA
= 42.06MVA ICU = 1.6 x 55.2
= 88.3kA Say 90kA YTOTAL

IFAULT = 42.06MVA/(1.732*0.44kV) ICS = 1.1 x 55.2

= 55.2kA = 60.71kA Say 65kA

V
f
Design Criterion Relevant short-circuit current Values kAIC Isc/Ir

Breaking capacity of Symmetrical short-circuit breaking

60.71 65 65
circuit breakers current Ib = 1.1IK
Mechanical stress to
Peak short-circuit current ip= 2.82Ik 156.2 160 160
equipment
Thermal stress to Initial symmetrical short-circuit
88.3 90 90
equipment current Ik”, 1.6xIK
Minimum symmetrical short-circuit
Protection setting 52.43 52 55
current Ik x 0.95
Earthing, Interference, Maximum initial symmetrical short-
88.3 90 90
EMC circuit current Ik” x 1.6
 SUMMARY OF CALCULATION 500MVA @ 13.8 kV
System Parameter
Fault Level =500 A

VCB = 630A
Transformer = 2500kVA, 13.8/.44kV G T

(LVSG) Equipment B1 B2
LVSG1 VD1=0.7%
B1 & B2 = 4000A, ACB IP = 165kAIC
Feeder D(Compressors) = 1600A, ACB D E F G
ICU = 85kAIC
Feeder E (Pumps) = 1000A, ACB ICS = 65kAIC
Feeder F(Fan
ZIPU & Blowers = +
= 13.77324 1000A, ACB
j24.10382
Feeder G(DTX) = 400A
ZJPU
Cables = 17.21849 + j30.13171
VD2=2.5% VD4= 4.5%
J
IP = 100kAIC
H
B2 = 11 x 3-250mm2 @ 35m IP = 160kAIC
H = 5 x 3-250mm2 @ 150m ICU = 55kAIC ICU = 90kAIC
I = 3 x 3-250mm2 @ 200m ICS = 35kAIC ICS = 65kAIC
M
J = 3 x 3-250mm2 @ 250m
M
1 3

K = 2 x 3-250mm2 @300m
Loads VD3= 3.6% I

IP = 140kAIC
D

M1 : 1000kVA T
X

M2 : 650kVA ICU = 80kAIC

M3 : 650kVA ICS = 55kAIC M
K
2
DTX : 300kVA
 SUMMARY OF CALCULATION 500MVA @ 13.8 kV

G T

VD1=0.7% B1 B2
LVSG1

IP = 165kAIC
ICU = 95kAIC D E F G

ICS = 65kAIC
ZIPU = 13.77324 + j24.10382
ZJPU = 17.21849 + j30.13171
VD2=2.5% H J
VD4= 4.5%
IP = 100kAIC IP = 160kAIC
ICU = 55kAIC ICU = 90kAIC
ICS = 35kAIC M
1
M
3 ICS = 65kAIC

VD3= 3.6% I
D
T
IP = 140kAIC X

ICU = 80kAIC
ICS = 55kAIC
K
M
2
SCC - METHOD Sample Calculation
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

Data
EXCEL DERIVATION OF
ITEM
PARAMETERS
DESCRIPTION S, MVA
VOLTS, IN
kV
ACTUAL
SYSTEM VALUES
OLD PER UNIT NEW PER UNIT
Z X/R R X Z X/R R X Z X/R R X
1 SYSTEM 500.00 13.80 1 15 0.066519 0.99778516 1 15 0.066519 0.997785
2 HV FEEDER 2.50 13.80
3 TRANSFORMER 2.50 0.44 0.0575 12 0.004775 0.05730138 11.5 12 0.955023 11.46028
4 FEEDER B 2.50 0.44 0.000255 0.000445 0.658574 1.149277
5 FEEDER H 1.00 0.44 0.002400 0.004200 6.198347 10.84711
6 FEEDER I 0.65 0.44 0.005333 0.009333 13.77324 24.10382
7 FEEDER J 0.65 0.44 0.006667 0.011667 17.21849 30.13171
8 FEEDER K 0.30 0.44 0.012000 0.021000 30.99174 54.23554
9 MOTOR LOAD 1 1.00 0.44 0.000000 0.250000 0.000000 125.0000
10 MOTOR LOAD 2 0.65 0.44 0.000000 0.250000 0.000000 192.3077
11 MOTOR LOAD 3 0.65 0.44 0.000000 0.250000 0.000000 192.3077
12 DRY TYPE TX 0.30 0.44 0.04 6 0.006576 0.03945576 0.04 6 0.006576 0.039456

LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE LEFT SIDE IMPEDANCE

VOLTS, IN
ITEM DESCRIPTION S, MVA NEW PER UNIT NEW PER UNIT
kV
Z X/R R X YL B/G G B

1 SYSTEM 500.00 13.80 1 15 0.066519 0.99778516

2 HV FEEDER 2.50 13.80 1.680116 13.6073382

YL1 =
3 TRANSFORMER 2.50 0.44 11.5 12 0.955023 11.4602762 187.9824 187.982445
4 FEEDER B 2.50 0.44 0.658574 1.14927686 YL1 = 0.008938 0.07238622
ZL = 1.680116 13.6073382 YL1 = 0.008938 0.07238622
SCC - METHOD Sample Calculation
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

Data
EXCEL DERIVATION OF
PARAMETERS
ITEM DESCRIPTION S, MVA VOLTS, IN kV
Z
RIGT SIDE IMPEDANCE

X/R
NEW PER UNIT
R X
ZM1
FEEDER H 6.198347 10.8471074
LOAD M1 0.000000 125.0000
ZM1-H = 6.198347 135.847107

RIGT SIDE IMPEDANCE

ITEM DESCRIPTION S, MVA VOLTS, IN kV NEW PER UNIT
Z X/R R X
ZM2
FEEDER I 13.77324 24.1038223
LOAD M2 0.000000 192.307692
ZM2-I = 13.77324 216.411515

RIGT SIDE IMPEDANCE

ITEM DESCRIPTION S, MVA VOLTS, IN kV NEW PER UNIT
Z X/R R X
ZM3
FEEDER J 30.99174 54.2355372
LOAD M3 0.000000 192.307692
ZM3-J = 30.99174 246.543229
SCC - METHOD Sample Calculation
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

Data
EXCEL DERIVATION OF
ITEM PARAMETERS
DESCRIPTION S, MVA
VOLTS, IN
kV
Z
RIGT SIDE IMPEDANCE
NEW PER UNIT
X/R R X Z
RIGT SIDE ADMITTANCE

X/R
NEW PER UNIT
G B

ZM1 ZM1-H = 6.198347 135.847107 6.198347 135.847107

YM1-H =
18492.86 18492.8561
YM1-H = 0.000335 0.00734592
YM1-H = 0.000335 0.00734592

ZM2 ZM2-I = 13.77324 216.411515 13.77324 216.411515

YM2-I =
47023.65 47023.6459
YM2-I = 0.000293 0.00460218
YM2-I = 0.000293 0.00460218

ZM3 ZM3-J = 30.99174 246.543229 30.99174 246.543229

YM3-J =
61744.05 61744.0517
YM3-J = 0.000502 0.00399299
YM3-J = 0.000502 0.00399299
SCC - METHOD Sample Calculation
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

Data
EXCEL DERIVATION OF
YF1 =
F1 PARAMETERS
0.010068 0.08832731 YL2
F2
0.00973246 0.08098139 YL3
F3
0.016598 0.087377 YL4
F4
0.016389 0.087986
YF1 = 0.088899 ZH 6.19834711 10.8471074 ZI 13.77324 24.10382 ZJ 17.21849 30.13171
X/R = 8.77339 ZL2 1.46293291 12.1726986 ZL3 2.231799 11.74914 ZL4 2.20369 11.83106
ZL2-H 7.66128002 23.0198061 ZL3-I 16.00504 35.85297 ZL4-J 19.42218 41.96277
MVAf = 44.44961
Ifault = 58.3267 YL2-H 0.01301596 0.03910898 YL3-I 0.028326 0.063454 YL4-J 0.034374 0.074267
Ip = 165.0646 YM1 0.000000 0.008000 YM2 0 0.0052 YM3 0 0.0052
Im = 93.32272 YF2 0.01301596 0.04710898 YF3 0.028326 0.068654 YF4 0.034374 0.079467
Ib = 64.15937 = 0.04887403 = 0.074268 = 0.086583
= 55.41036 X/R = 3.61932464 X/R = 2.42368 X/R = 2.311836

MVAf = 24.4370161 MVAf = 37.13393 MVAf = 43.29143

Ifault = 32.0662084 Ifault = 48.72708 Ifault = 56.80694
Ip 90.7473697 Ip 137.8976 Ip 160.7636
Im 51.3059334 Im 77.96332 Im 90.89111
Ib 35.2728292 Ib 53.59979 Ib 62.48764
30.462898 46.29072 53.9666
SCC - METHOD
A PRESENTATION FOR – IIEE DAVAO

End of Presentation

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