Scribd
Upload
8 views2 pages

Kinematics 1D

The document contains a series of physics problems related to motion, including calculating speeds, accelerations, and plotting graphs for various scenarios such as a woman's commute, a drunkard's movement, and a ball's trajectory. It also discusses concepts like average velocity versus average speed, instantaneous speed, and the effects of acceleration. Additionally, it includes exercises on interpreting graphs of motion and applying physical principles to real-life situations.

Uploaded by

bishwarupkarmakar08
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views2 pages

Kinematics 1D

The document contains a series of physics problems related to motion, including calculating speeds, accelerations, and plotting graphs for various scenarios such as a woman's commute, a drunkard's movement, and a ball's trajectory. It also discusses concepts like average velocity versus average speed, instantaneous speed, and the effects of acceleration. Additionally, it includes exercises on interpreting graphs of motion and applying physical principles to real-life situations.

Uploaded by

bishwarupkarmakar08
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

1. A woman starts from her home at 9.00 am, walks with a speed of 5 km ℎ −1 on a straight road up to her office 2.

5 km
away, stays at the office up to 5.00 pm, and returns home by an auto with a speed of 25 km ℎ −1 . Choose suitable
scales and plot the x-t graph of her motion.

2. A drunkard walking in a narrow lane takes 5 steps forward and 3 steps backward, followed again by 5 steps forward
and 3 steps backward, and so on. Each step is 1 m long and requires 1 s. Plot the x-t graph of his motion. Determine
graphically and otherwise how long the drunkard takes to fall in a pit 13 m away from the start.

3. A car moving along a straight highway with speed of 126 km ℎ −1 is brought to a stop within a distance of 200 m.
What is the retardation of the car (assumed uniform), and how long does it take for the car to stop?

4. A player throws a ball upwards with an initial speed of 29.4 m𝑠 −1 .


a) What is the direction of acceleration during the upward motion of the ball?
b) What are the velocity and acceleration of the ball at the highest point of its motion?
c) Choose the x = 0 m and t = 0 s to be the location and time of the ball at its highest point, vertically downward
direction to be the positive direction of x-axis, and give the signs of position, velocity and acceleration of the ball
during its upward, and downward motion.
d) To what height does the ball rise and after how long does the ball return to the player’s hands? (Take g = 9.8 m s–2
and neglect air resistance).

5. Read each statement below carefully and state with reasons and examples, if it is true or false;
A particle in one-dimensional motion
a) with zero speed at an instant may have non-zero acceleration at that instant
b) with zero speed may have non-zero velocity,
c) with constant speed must have zero acceleration,
d) with positive value of acceleration must be speeding up.

6. A ball is dropped from a height of 90 m on a floor. At each collision with the floor, the ball loses one tenth of its
speed. Plot the speed-time graph of its motion between t = 0 to 12 s.

7. Explain clearly, with examples, the distinction between:


(a) magnitude of displacement (sometimes called distance) over an interval of time, and the total length of path
covered by a particle over the same interval;
(b) magnitude of average velocity over an interval of time, and the average speed over the same interval. [Average
speed of a particle over an interval of time is defined as the total path length divided by the time interval]. Show
in both (a) and (b) that the second quantity is either greater than or equal to the first. When is the equality sign
true? [For simplicity, consider one-dimensional motion only].

8. A man walks on a straight road from his home to a market 2.5 km away with a speed of 5 km h–1. Finding the market
closed, he instantly turns and walks back home with a speed of 7.5 km h–1. What is the
a) magnitude of average velocity, and
b) average speed of the man over the interval of time (i) 0 to 30 min, (ii) 0 to 50 min, (iii) 0 to 40 min? [Note: You will
appreciate from this exercise why it is better to define average speed as total path length divided by time, and
not as magnitude of average velocity. You would not like to tell the tired man on his return home that his average
speed was zero!]

9. In Exercises 2.9 and 2.10, we have carefully distinguished between average speed and magnitude of average
velocity. No such distinction is necessary when we consider instantaneous speed and magnitude of velocity. The
instantaneous speed is always equal to the magnitude of instantaneous velocity. Why?
10. Look at the graphs (a) to (d) (Fig. 2.10) carefully and state, with reasons, which of these cannot possibly represent
one-dimensional motion of a particle.

11. Figure 2.11shows the x-t plot of one-dimensional motion of a particle. Is it correct to say from the graph that the
particle moves in a straight line for t < 0 and on a parabolic path for t >0? If not, suggest a suitable physical context
for this graph.

12. A police van moving on a highway with a speed of 30 km h–1 fires a bullet at a thief’s car speeding away in the same
direction with a speed of 192 km h–1. If the muzzle speed of the bullet is 150 m s–1, with what speed does the bullet
hit the thief’s car? (Note: Obtain that speed which is relevant for damaging the thief’s car).

13. Suggest a suitable physical situation for each of the following graphs (Fig 2.12):

14. Figure 2.13 gives the x-t plot of a particle executing one-dimensional simple harmonic motion. (You will learn about
this motion in more detail in Chapter13). Give the signs of position, velocity and acceleration variables of the particle
at t = 0.3 s, 1.2 s, – 1.2 s.

15. Figure 2.14 gives the x-t plot of a particle in one-dimensional motion. Three different equal intervals of time are
shown. In which interval is the average speed greatest, and in which is it the least? Give the sign of average velocity
for each interval.

16. Figure 2.15 gives a speed-time graph of a particle in motion along a constant direction. Three equal intervals of time
are shown. In which interval is the average acceleration greatest in magnitude? In which interval is the average
speed greatest? Choosing the positive direction as the constant direction of motion, give the signs of v and a in the
three intervals. What are the accelerations at the points A, B, C and D?

You might also like