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Lesson-4-Bus-Math-Aug-14

The document includes mathematical drills involving basic operations and introduces the concepts of ratio and proportion. It explains direct, inverse, and partitive proportions, along with related activities and quiz questions to reinforce understanding. The document aims to help learners apply these concepts through practical examples and problem-solving exercises.

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Aljed Ebol
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Lesson-4-Bus-Math-Aug-14

The document includes mathematical drills involving basic operations and introduces the concepts of ratio and proportion. It explains direct, inverse, and partitive proportions, along with related activities and quiz questions to reinforce understanding. The document aims to help learners apply these concepts through practical examples and problem-solving exercises.

Uploaded by

Aljed Ebol
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Drill 4: Perform the indicated operation.

1. 11 + ( - 21)
2. 17 – (- 9)
3. (-12) + 15
4. (-12) (-6)
5. (-72) ÷ (6)
Lesson 4: Ratio and Proportion

A RATIO is comparison of two numbers or measurement. The terms of the ratio are the numbers or measurements
being compared. The expression 1:2 (read as “one is to two”), ½, 1÷2, indicate ratios.
An equation showing two ratios that are equal is called a proportion. It can be written in two ways:

Kinds of Proportion
1. Direct Proportion. It is the relationship between two variables when their ratio is equal to a constant value. Say, 𝑦
is directly proportional to 𝑥 when the equation takes the form: 𝑦=𝑘𝑥, where k is the constant term. In this
proportion, an increase of one variable will also an increase of the other variable, and a decrease in one variable
will also the decrease of the other.
2. Inverse or Indirect Proportion. It is the relationship between two variables when their product is equal to a
constant value. Say, 𝑦 is inversely proportional to x when the equation takes the form: 𝑦=𝑘/𝑥. This means that the
two values x and y are inversely or indirectly proportional to each other, such that if x increases then y decreases or
if x decreases, y increases.
3. Partitive Proportion. A whole is divided into parts that is proportioned into equal or unequal ratios.
Activity 4: Let the learners answer Find Me on page 14 and Tell Me More on page 15.

Find Me: Give what is being asked in the following problem. All answers must be in simplified form.
1. Express the sentence into ratio: In selling personalized cakes, the cost of packaging is ₱60 and the cost of ingredients is
₱340.
2. Cheska participates in a baking contest. During the competition, Cheska made sure she put 2 cups of sugar and 4 eggs
on every cake. What would be the ratio of the cups of sugar to the number of eggs if she baked 4 cakes?
3. Liza, Kathryn and Nadine are partners. Their capital balances are ₱20 000, ₱40 000 and ₱30 000 respectively. What is
their capital ratio?

B. Tell Me More: Identify if the given problem illustrates a direct proportion, inverse proportion or partitive proportion.
1. An artisan bread maker uses 2,000 grams of flour to make 4 loaves of handcrafted bread. How many grams of flour is
needed to make 2 loaves of bread?
2. If Mang Gorio wants to give ₱5,000 to his four children in the ratio of 1:2:3:4 for their weekend allowance, how much will
each of the four children receive?
3. It takes 4 mechanics to repair a car for 6 hours. How long will it take for 7 mechanics to do the repair, if they work at the
same rate?
QUIZ 4: Write the letter of the correct answer.
1. A couple went out for a date and spent ₱1,500 on dinner and ₱400 at
the movie theater. What is the ratio of peso spent on dinner and the
total amount spent for a movie?
a. 4:15 c. 15:19
b. 15:4 d. 19:15
2. Which pair of ratios are proportional?
a. 3 laptops for ₱66; 6 laptops for ₱132
b. 16 points scored in 3 games; 48 points scored in 6 games
c. 98 words typed in 3 minutes; 162 words typed in 5 minutes
d. 20 computers for 60 students; 40 computers for 130 students

3.What proportion states that as one variable increases,


the other variable decreases?
a. direct c. partitive
b. inverse d. negative
4. What kind of proportion is involved between the time taken
for a journey and the speed of the car at a uniform distance?
a. direct c. partitive
b. inverse d. negative
5. Which of the following is an example of partitive proportion?
a. 6:9 = 18:3 c. 20:4 = 40:80
b. 9:45 = 5:25 d. Divide 200 into 1:4:5

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