RESEARCH

T IT Le
PRESENTED BY:
Christian S. Siba
Despite the advancement in knowledge
and technology, there is still a lot to
discover in this world. There is still an
ocean of things that we are yet to explore.
It can be a difficult situation that we want
to improve or eliminate, a better
understanding of the unfamiliar,
information gaps we wish to fill, or theories
that we want to validate. What limits our
choice of a topic are our capacity,
understanding, resources, and skill.
Developing a research problem can
be done in four (4) steps
1.Choose a broad topic
2.Do a preliminary research
3.Define the problem
4.Refine the question
1. Choose a broad topic
A. Choose an interesting topic
• Research is a very challenging task that demands your
time and persistence. Your motivation to find the
answer to the problem should keep you going, thus
building a momentum along the way. Therefore, your
research topic must be something that you are
passionate about.
1. Choose a broad topic
B. Select a significant topic
• A topic that is worth researching must be able to
answer or solve problems in the community. No one will
take an interest in your topic if it is obsolete and does
not address any real problem. To be proactive and to
take part in solving problems with socio-economic
relevance gives a sense of accomplishment.
1. Choose a broad topic
C. Choose a topic relevant to your field
• One of the goals of this course is for you to be able to
produce a quantitative research study that is aligned to
your chosen track. Choosing a topic that you can relate
will certainly make your research project less
challenging.
 If the three tips above do not shed
some light on your minds, do not
despair; other sources of ideas like
the ones below may be available for
you.
 1. RESOURCES
• Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
harmonized National R & D Agenda for 2017-2022. Early
in 2017, DOST, together with researchers from the
health, agriculture, industry, and academe, released
research priorities for 2017 to 2022 that are relevant
for the economic growth of the country. Visit this link
https://bit.ly/3hHTf2Y for a list of suggested studies.
2. Review of Literature
• Some researchers reveal that reading previous
studies fueled their minds with tons of research
topics. Reviewing the literature lets them know what
has been studied, what is not yet done, and what
other researchers suggest working on. Journals,
periodicals, and peer-reviewed articles are a good
read.
3. Field Experts
• Gather up some guts to approach anyone
you know that are experts on the field of
your choice because they may give valuable
inputs or may currently be working on a
study where you can collaborate.
4. Brainstorming
• Do not underestimate the ideas from
classmates, friends, and family members.
You may be overwhelmed at first by the
outpouring of ideas. Just build a list, then
cross off any topic unrelated to your field or
not so interesting to you.
 2. Define the problem
After getting enough information, you may be able
to list some questions or problems that you want to
research. At this stage, you should be able to narrow
down broad topic into feasible and manageable research
questions. A broad topic can be narrowed down by
limiting the population, place, period, or a certain
characteristic.
 2. Define the problem
However, be very mindful that your problem may
not be too narrow that it becomes very simple and
does not need to collect unique data or does not
generate new information. A very narrow research
question can be developed by doing a comparative study
or expanding the scope of the study.
 3. Refine the question
This step lets you evaluate the questions
formulated. What specific questions should you
ask? How should you gather your data sufficient
to answer the questions? Are the questions too
narrow, or does it need to be trimmed down?
 3. Refine the question
While evaluating the research question,
consider the requirements of the course. How
much time are you given to finish the research?
What resources do you need and are they
available?
 BASIC
GUIDELINES IN
MAKING A
RESEARCH TITLE
Guidelines:
1. Use an accurate description of
the subject and scope of the
study instead of using general
terms.
Guidelines:
2. Do not use abbreviations
except for commonly known ones
like DNA and ICT.
Guidelines:
3. Include the main
dependent and independent
variables.
Guidelines:
4. Be mindful of the
proper use of grammar and
punctuation.
Guidelines:
5. State in a declarative form,
although you may also see titles
in question form from time to
time.
Guidelines:
6. The year the study has been
conducted should not be
indicated unless it is a historical
study.
Guidelines:
7. Depending on the institutional
requirements, 5 to15 words are
sufficient to describe the
research study.
Guidelines:
8. Use the common name
instead of chemical formula
(e.g., Ammonium instead of
NH4)
Guidelines:
9. Write and italicize
full scientific names.
Guidelines:
10. Make sure to reflect the tone of
the paper. An academic research
paper has title which is not casual,
or informal, or does not contain
humor.
Guidelines:
11. Determine what it is that you
wish to accomplish or know from
your study. Write one to two
sentences to state the main
objectives of your research project.
Guidelines:
12. Include important keywords and
variables. Revise the sentences into
one complete sentence that includes
important keywords and variables of
the study.
Guidelines:
13. Shorten the title by eliminating
unnecessary words. You may also shrink a
phrase into a simpler phrase or a single
word. In doing this, make sure that the
main thought of the research study is
retained.
Guidelines:
14. Correct grammar and
punctuation errors if there
is any.
Guidelines:
15. Observe proper formatting.
The format may vary according
to the requirements of the
course or school.
RESEARCH TITLE
It prefaces the study
providing a summary of
the main idea and is
usually short and
concise.
RESEARCH TITLE
The title gives information and
description of the subject
matter of the research. It must
contain keywords to predict
the content and tone of the
research paper.
RESEARCH TITLE
An attention getting
kind of title is short,
informative, made up
of only 15-20 words.
RESEARCH TITLE
◦It should summarize the main
idea of the paper.
◦It should be concise statement
of the main topic
◦It should include the major
variables of the research study
RESEARCH TITLE
◦It should imply the
participants of the study
◦It is not a sentence
◦Not all capitalized
◦Jargons and acronyms are a
big no to research title.
 RESEARCH
Problem V.S Question
PRESENTED BY:
Christian S. Siba
Sources of Quantitative Research Problem
◦Agencies of the
government, or any
non-government
institutions.
Sources of Quantitative Research Problem
◦Your own
experience or
genuine interest in
something.
Sources of Quantitative Research Problem
◦Previous research findings
which you want to validate
or consider as studies
suffering from
inconsistencies or
discrepancies.
Sources of Quantitative Research Problem
◦Present political
social or economic
issues in society
Sources of Quantitative Research Problem
◦Review of
Related
Literature
Research Problem can be expressed through:
◦Interrogative
statement
◦Declarative
statement
 Interrogative statement:
What percentage of Manila private
universities consider the use of
grammar textbooks as the most
effective way to help college students
attain communicative competence?
 Declarative statement:
The main objective of this study is to
find out the percentage of Manila private
universities considering the ue of grammar
textbooks as the most effective way to help
college students attain communicative
competence.
Guidelines:
1. Formulate a research
problem that is
researchable; meaning,
open to empirical
investigation.
Guidelines:
2. See to it that you state your
quantitative research problem
clearly, concisely, and
possibly, if under APA
referencing style, not beyond
12 words.
Guidelines:
3. Have your research
problem focus on a
general understanding
of your research topic.
Guidelines:
4. Construct a research
problem that mirrors the
importance of carrying out the
research for finding answers or
solutions to problems.
Guidelines:
5. Let your quantitative
research problem state
the variables and their
relationships with one
another.
Guidelines:
6. Construct an
introductory statement to
present your research
problem, which is the main
problem of your research.
Guidelines:
7. State your research
questions or sub-problems,
not in the form of yes-no
questions, but in
informative questions.
Guidelines:
8. Express your research problem
and questions either in an
interrogative or declarative
manner, but some research books
say that the former is more
effective than the latter.
Reference:
Kim Charies L. Okit and Rochelle
A. Luzano, P. (2020). Module in
Practical Research 2. Region 10:
Department of Education.