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local govt

Local government in India facilitates public administration at the grassroots level, ensuring community participation and addressing local issues. The structure includes village-level Gram Panchayats and Gram Sabhas, established under the 73rd and 74th amendments in 1992, which focus on rural and urban governance respectively. Local bodies are responsible for various functions including infrastructure development, health care, and maintaining law and order, funded through various taxes and grants.

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5 views2 pages

local govt

Local government in India facilitates public administration at the grassroots level, ensuring community participation and addressing local issues. The structure includes village-level Gram Panchayats and Gram Sabhas, established under the 73rd and 74th amendments in 1992, which focus on rural and urban governance respectively. Local bodies are responsible for various functions including infrastructure development, health care, and maintaining law and order, funded through various taxes and grants.

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sneha.200803
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Local govt

Local govt
Local government is the public administration of towns, cities, villages and districts
Need of local government
• These bodies are better aware of the local problems and issues
• these bodies ensure your participation of the people in the democratic setup of the country
• these local people also co-operate easily with this bodies
• These bodies ensure that the development of the country is insured at the Grass root level.
Growth of local government in India
• Self-governing village communities existed in India from the earliest time in the form of sabhas( village assemblies)
• Later this village bodies took the shape of Panchayat (an assembly of five persons) and try to solved issues at village level.
• In modern time elected local government bodies where created after 1882 where Lord Ripon took the initiative in
creating this bodies which were known as the local boards.
• The Government of India Act 1990 village panchayats where stablished in a number of provinces which continue after the
Government of Indian Act of 1935 Also .
• Mahatma Gandhi had strongly field for decentralization of economic and political power.
73rd and 74th amendment
• In 1989 the central government introduced to constitutional amendment whose aimed at training local government and
making uniformity India structure and function across the country
• In 1992 the 73rd and 74th constitutional amendments were passed by the parliament.
• 73rd amendment is--- rural local government(PRI system)
• 74th amendment is --- urban local government( NagarPalikas or municipality)
• The 73rd and 74th amendments came into force in 1993.
Structure of local government

Structure of Panchayat Raj institution


Village level gram Panchayat:-The Panchayati Raj act 1993 two bodies are established at village level and these are
interconnected.
• Gram sabha
• Gram Panchayat
Gram sabha
• Gram sabha is the basic unit comprising of all adults registered voters in the panchayat area.
• Each gram sabha meets twice a year-once in Kharif and then in Rabi season
• The meeting is conducted with 1/5th members
• Its executive organ is called gram Panchayat.
GRAM PANCHAYAT:-The executive organ of the gram sabha is known as gram or village panchayat
Composition-
1. It has one Pradhan (sarpanch) and one vice president elected by gram sabha
2. Number of the panchayat are fixed on the basis of the population
3. Seats are reserved for SCs & STs in proportion to their population
4. One third of seats are reserved for women.
 tenure- 5 years but if it is dissolved earlier election have to be held within 6 months
• Meetings- it usually meets once a month and decision are taken by majority vote
FUNCTIONS
•It provide safe drinking water, health care, street lights, management for primary education and drainage, setting up of health
center, making roads ,footpath etc
•This include activities like plantation of trees ,opening of libraries ,providing relief during famine etc
•This includes registration of birth, death and marriage
•Maintenance of law and order , appoints of chaukidar etc
•Under developmental function this include different schemes for irrigation , electrification, vocational education, small scale
industries and welfare schemes for poor
•Establish Nyaya panchayat which provide speedy and inexpensive justice two villages for petty thefts , unauthorized
occupation etc
Source of income:-
• Taxes from property, goods ,land and cattle
• Taxes on sale of goods in fairs and make lift Bazaar
• Income from renting out rest houses ,Bharat Ghar etc
• part of land revenue collected by state is given to them
• Grants from state government determined by state finance commission.
• Fine imposed on offenders.
BLOCK LEVEL:-PANCHAYAT SAMITI
• The block level consists of Panchayat samiti to co-ordinate the activities of village panchayat in each block.
• About hundred villages are covered in one block.There are over 5900 Panchayat samiti in India.

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