SOP-for-Analytical-Method-Validation
SOP-for-Analytical-Method-Validation
1.0 OBJECTIVE:
To lay down a procedure for accurate, reliable and consistent data by the use of validated analytical methods
for the assessment of pharmaceutical products.
2.0 SCOPE:
This SOP is applicable for.
3.0 RESPONSIBILITY:
3.1 Preparation - Executive QC.
4.0 PROCEDURE:
4.1 The analytical parameters for method validation shall be selected as mentioned in the respective tables as
follows -
Parameters to be Performed
Category
Ruggedness
Assay √
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Parameters to be Performed
Category
Specificity Accuracy LOD LOQ
Assay √ √ X X
Chromatographic
√ *√ √ √
Purity / RS
Residual Solvent √ √ √ √
Swab Analysis √ √ √ √
Note : * only to be carried out when the impurities are known and available.
Parameters to be Performed
Category Linearity
Specificity Precision Accuracy Ruggedness Robustness LOD LOQ
& Range
Assay √ √ √ √ √ √ X X
Chromatographic
√ √ √ *√ √ √ √ √
Purity / RS
Residual Solvent √ √ √ √ √ X √ √
Swab Analysis √ √ √ √ √ X √ √
Note : * only to be carried out when the impurities are known and available.
4.2.2 The records of Analytical Method Validation Protocol Number shall be maintained on Annexure –II
4.3 The experimental design, comprising the tests or methods to be validated, the relevant analytical
parameters to be checked, shall be indicated in the protocol on the basis of the category given in the
above table.
4.4.1 Specificity –
4.4.1.1 Assay
Experimental Design -
System Suitability determination.
Diluents / Blank, impurity & placebo interferences.
Separate injections of individual impurities for identification and purity check by PDA, if required.
5 replicates for standard & 6 replicates for test & determination of % RSD of peak area response or
absorbance and RT for replicate.
Acceptance Criteria –
As per respective STP. If not defined/ specified, Theoretical Plates – NLT 2000, Tailing Factor- NMT
2.0, Resolution - NLT 1.0.
No interference of diluents/ blank & swab at the RT of drug substances for HPLC & for UV- NMT
1.0%. In case of placebo, interference for HPLC- NMT0.1% & for UV- NMT 1%.
Purity of impurity used should be NLT 90%.
% RSD: For Area- NMT 2.0%
For RT- NMT 1.0%
4.4.1.2 Related Impurities/ Chromatographic Purity
Experimental Design -
1 to 4 as defined in Assay.
Calculate RRT of known impurity.
Determine RRF by slope of Linearity Graph.
Acceptance Criteria -
1 to 4 as defined in Assay- except % RSD – For Area- NMT 5%.
RRT of the individual impurity should be comparable to the corresponding RRT in system precision
solution.
If RRF is between 0.8 to 1.2, calculate the impurities by using the response of the low load of the drug
substance.
If RRF is less than 0.8& more than 1.2, calculate the impurities by using RRF of the respective
impurities & by using response of low load of drug substance.
RRF should be between 0.2 to 5.0.
4.4.1.3 Residual Solvent
Experimental Design -
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
1 to 4 as defined in Assay.
Acceptance Criteria -
1 to 4 as defined in Assay - except % RSD - For Area- NMT 15.0%.
For RT- NMT 2.0% and Interference should be not more than 2.0%.
4.4.1.4 Cleaning Validation (Swab Analysis)
4.4.2.1 Assay
Experimental Design -
Determination of minimum 5 levels of standard in the range of 50 to 150% of the working level
concentration including limit level concentration. Carry out linearity for first & last level in 5
replicates and other levels in duplicates & take mean response/ absorbance for calculation
Determine the precision of lower and highest level in 5 replicates.
Acceptance Criteria –
Linearity Coefficient of mean response of replicate determination plotted against respective
concentration should not be less than 0.99.
% RSD - For Peak Area lowest & highest level- NMT 2.0%
For RT- NMT 1.0%
4.4.2.2 Related Impurities/ Chromatographic Purity
4.4.3 Precision
4.4.3.1 Assay
Experimental Design -
Repeatability of 5 replicates determinations for assay of standard at working level concentration and
determination of % RSD of response of standard replicates & retention time.
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Experimental Design -
Repeatability of 6 replicate injections of solvent standards at working level Determine % RSD of peak
area response & RT of individual solvents.
Method precision of at least 6 replicate determinations of a sample. Determine % RSD of the content
of solvents.
If unknown impurities are not detectable in sample then spike working level concentration of known
impurities in sample.
Acceptance Criteria –
% RSD - For Peak Area- NMT 15.0%.
For RT- NMT 2.0%
% RSD - For Content of Solvent- NMT 15.0%.
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Experimental Design -
Repeatability of 6 replicate injections of standard at working level. Determine % RSD of peak area
response of replicate standards and RT of components.
Repeatability of the accuracy in the limit level concentration of 6 replicates.
Acceptance Criteria –
Same as defined in Assay.
% RSD – Recovery for 6 replicate determinations- NMT 10.0% and individual
% recovery should be more than 80%.
4.4.4 Accuracy
4.4.4.1 Assay
Experimental Design -
Inject 5 replicates of standard solution. Determine % RSD of Peak Area Response & retention Time.
To the placebo, add drug substances corresponding to 50,100 & 150% of the working level
concentration & determine the assay. Prepare each level in triplicates & inject once.
In case of lower dosage form where drug weight equivalent or less than 5.0mg, prepare the standard
stock solution & spike this standard in placebo solution.
In case of higher dosage form where drug weight more than 5.0mg, spike the known amount of
working standard in placebo mixture.
Acceptance Criteria –
% RSD – For Peak Area- NMT 2.0%.
For RT- NMT 1.0%
Recovery should be between 98 and 102%.
4.4.4.2 Related Impurity/ Chromatographic Purity
Experimental Design -
To a sample in which content of impurities is already known, the individual linearity levels of known
impurities are added & the recovery is calculated. Carry out this exercise in minimum 3 replicates for
at least 3 levels (50% to 150% of limit level).
Acceptance Criteria –
Recovery should be between 90 & 110%.
4.4.4.3 Residual Organic Solvent Test
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Experimental Design -
Same as defined in Related Impurity/ Chromatographic Purity.
Acceptance Criteria –
Recovery should be between 85 & 115%.
4.4.4.4 Cleaning Validation (Swab Analysis)
Experimental Design -
Prepare standard stock solutions of drug substances in presence of placebo. Transfer the known
quantity on SS plate, evaporate to dryness on water bath. Swab the surface of the plate with a swab.
Transfer the swab in volumetric flask. Add known amount of diluents, swirl the flask & carry out the
determination. Prepare the standard solutions of the each level as above without evaporation. Carry
out recovery study for at least 3 levels in at least 3 replicates & calculate % recovery.
Acceptance Criteria –
Recovery should be 80 and 120%.
4.4.5 Reproducibility (Intermediate Precision)
4.4.5.1 Assay
Experimental Design -
Repeatability of 6 replicate determination of standard at assay level concentration. Determine % RSD
of Peak area response & Retention Time.
Intermediate precision 6 replicates for assay of a sample by a different analyst/ day at normal
laboratory condition/ instrument/ different columns of same make. Determine % RSD of assays.
Acceptance Criteria –
System suitability as per specificity.
% RSD – For Peak Area of replicate standards – NMT 2.0%
For RT– NMT 1.0%.
% RSD – For Assay- NMT 2.0%.
Cumulative % RSD of Assay- NMT 2.0%.
4.4.5.2 Related Impurity/ Chromatographic Purity
Experimental Design -
Carry out specificity & system suitability.
Repeatability of 6 replicate determinations of impurity solution for known impurities & drug solutions
for unknown impurities at limit level concentration. Determine % RSD for peak area & retention time.
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Intermediate precision of 6 samples injected once by a different analyst/ day at normal laboratory
conditions/ instrument/ different column of same make. Determine % RSD of known, single
maximum unknown impurity & total impurities.
Determine cumulative % RSD of known, single maximum unknown impurity & total impurities.
If known impurities are not detectable in sample then spike working level concentration of the known
impurities in the sample (6 sample preparation and inject once).
Acceptance Criteria –
System suitability as per specificity.
% RSD – For peak area response of replicate standards- NMT 5.0%.
For RT- NMT 1.0%.
% RSD for known, single maximum unknown impurity & total impurities- NMT 10.0%.
Cumulative % RSD for known, single maximum unknown impurity & total impurities- NMT 10.0%.
Cumulative % RSD of % recovery of known impurities – NMT 10.0%. (% Recovery should be more
than 90%).
4.4.5.3 Residual Organic Solvent Test
Experimental Design -
System suitability determination.
Diluents Interference.
Repeatability of 6 replicate injections of solvent standard. Determine % RSD for peak area &
retention time of individual solvent.
Intermediate precision of 6 replicate determinations of trace solvents of a sample by different analyst/
day at normal laboratory conditions/ instrument/ different column of same make. Determine % RSD
of solvent present in sample & Cumulative % RSD of Content of Solvents I precision study &
intermediate precision study together.
If solvents are not detectable in sample then spike working level concentration the sample. Determine
cumulative % RSD of % recovery of solvents I precision study & intermediate precision study
Acceptance Criteria –
Resolution should be more than 1.0.
No interference of the diluents. If interference observed, the response of the interference should be
NMT 2.0%.
% RSD – For peak area- NMT 15.0%
For RT- NMT 2.0%.
% RSD – For content of solvents- NMT 15.0%.
Cumulative % RSD for content of solvent- NMT 15.0%
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Cumulative % RSD for % recovery of solvents- NMT 15.0%. (% Recovery should be between 85 to
115%.
4.4.5.4 Cleaning Validation (Swab Analysis)
Experimental Design -
Repeat the precision study on a different instrument/ different day at normal laboratory temperature/
with different analyst and determine the reproducibility of replicate determinations. Carry out 6
replicate determinations for limit level. Calculate RSD of % recoveries. Also calculate % RSD of %
recoveries of precision study & intermediate precision study.
Acceptance Criteria –
% RSD- For Peak Area - NMT 2.0%.
For RT- NMT 1.0%.
% RSD of % recovery of 6 replicate determinations- NMT 10% with individual recovery should be
more than 80%.
Cumulative % RSD – NMT 10.0%.
4.4.6 Robustness
4.4.6.1 Assay
Experimental Design -
Deliberately alter any 3 critical parameters by minor variation.
Mobile phase composition (higher concentration by 2% or lower concentration by 5-10%)
pH of mobile phase / buffer (± 0.2)
Column oven temperature (± 2.0°C)
Mobile phase flow rate (± 0.2 ml/min)
Repeatability of 6 replicate determination of standard at working level concentration. Determine the
% RSD of peak area response of replicates and retention time.
Determine the cumulative % RSD of Assay of precision study and robustness study together.
Acceptance Criteria –
System Suitability as per specificity.
% RSD- For Peak Area- NMT 2.0%
For RT- NMT 1.0%
% Cumulative RSD- NMT 2.0%
4.4.6.2 Related Impurity/ Chromatographic Purity
Experimental Design -
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Inject 6 replicates of standard & determine the % RSD for peak area response and retention time.
2 to 3 same as defined in Assay.
Acceptance Criteria –
System Suitability as per specificity.
% RSD- For Peak Area- NMT 5.0%.
For RT- NMT 1.0%
% Cumulative RSD- NMT 10.0%
4.4.6.3 Residual Organic Solvent Test
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
4.4.7.1 Assay
Not applicable
Experimental Design -
Determine the signal-to-noise ratio at lower levels (equal to the first level of linearity & higher than
LOD). Carry out 6 replicate determinations at this concentration.
Signal to noise ratio should be calculated by the following formula:
S/N=2H/h
Where H = height of peak corresponding to the component concerned in the chromatogram obtained
with the prescribed reference solution, measured.
from the maximum of the peak to the extrapolated baseline of the signal observed over a distance
equal to 20 times the width at half height.
h = Range of the background noise in the chromatogram obtained after injection or application of a
blank, observed over a distance equal to 20 times
of the width at half height of the peak in the chromatogram obtained with the prescribed reference
solution & if possible, suited equally around the place where peak would be found.
Determine % RSD for Peak Area response & Retention Time.
Acceptance Criteria –
The concentration is acceptable as LOQ if the signal-to-noise ratio is equal to or more than 10.
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Experimental Design -
Same as defined in Related Impurity/ Chromatographic Purity.
Acceptance Criteria –
Same as defined above except % RSD- For Peak Area- NMT 15.0%
For RT- 2.0%
4.4.7.4 Cleaning Validation (Swab Analysis)
Experimental Design -
1 to 3 same as defined in Related Impurity/ Chromatographic Purity.
Acceptance Criteria –
1 to 2 same as defined in Related Impurity/ Chromatographic Purity.
4.4.8 Limit Of Detection (LOD)
4.4.8.1 Assay
Not applicable
Experimental Design -
1 & 2 same as defined in LOQ for Related Impurity/ Chromatographic Purity.
Acceptance Criteria –
The concentration is acceptable as LOD if the signal-to-noise ratio is equal to or more than 3.
4.4.8.3 Residual Organic Solvent Test
Experimental Design -
Acceptance Criteria –
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
The concentration is acceptable as LOD if the signal-to-noise ratio is equal to or more than 3.
The limit should be subsequently validated by the analysis of a suitable number of samples known to
be near or prepared at the Quantitation limit.
00
7.0 REFERENCES:
Not Applicable.
8.0 ABBREVIATIONS
% : Quality Control
RS : Related Substances
CU : Content Uniformity
RT : Retention Time
SS : Stainless Steel
9.0 ANNEXURE
Annexure –I : Analytical Method Validation Protocol
Annexure- I
ANALYTICAL METHOD VALIDATION PROTOCOL
METHOD NAME
DOCUMENT NUMBER
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.0 VALIDATION TEAM: Validation team shall comprise of representatives from Q.C.
and Q.A.
Q.C.
Q.A.
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
4.1 OBJECTIVE:
To lay down the procedure for validation of Analytical Methods for Laboratory suitability.
4.2 SCOPE :
Pharmacopoeial method,
5.0 RESPONSIBILITIES:
The Quality Control shall be responsible for protocol development in co-ordination with Quality
Assurance department.
Quality Control Department shall be responsible to carry out successful validation of Analytical method
and shall establish the suitability of the method and its subsequent implementation in QC department.
6.0 ACCOUNTABILITY:
The Manager –QC & QA shall be accountable to review all documents related to
Analytical method Validation at site and evaluate results and approve its summary
report.
Method validation is the process to confirm that the analytical procedure employed for a specific test is
suitable for its intended use.
Wherever method is transferred from one site to another site( to be validated for Ruggedness only)
8.0 METHODOLOGY:
Formulation type :
Label claim :
Batch No. :
3.
10.1 INSTRUMENTS :
10.2 REAGENTS:
11.5 PROCEDURE
11.6 CALCULATIONS
12 DATA SHEETS
12.1 DATA SHEET FOR SPECIFICITY
12.2 DATA SHEET FOR LINEARITY
12.3 DATA SHEET FOR RANGE
12.4 DATA SHEET FOR PRECISION
12.5 DATA SHEET FOR ACCURACY
12.6 DATA SHEET FOR REPRODUCIBILITY (INTERMEDIATE PRECISION)
12.7 DATA SHEET FOR LOD
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Note:-Prepare data sheet for above parameters (as applicable) giving all details with reference to experimental
design and acceptance criteria including name of analyst, instrument ID, date of analysis etc. Also include in data
sheet observations and calculations as per method.
14.0 CONCLUSION:
QC/043/01/00
15.0 APPROVAL:
MANAGER (Q.C.)
MANAGER (Q.A.)
PHARMA DEVILS
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Annexure-II