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Microcontroller Basics Lesson Stand Alone (1)

The document provides an introduction to microcontroller basics, specifically using the Teensy++ 2.0 with the Arduino IDE. It covers essential topics such as setting up the IDE, writing basic programs for digital input and output, and understanding electrical components and their connections. Key examples include blinking an LED and reading input from a push button, along with important safety considerations for working with low voltages.

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0211omshah
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15 views

Microcontroller Basics Lesson Stand Alone (1)

The document provides an introduction to microcontroller basics, specifically using the Teensy++ 2.0 with the Arduino IDE. It covers essential topics such as setting up the IDE, writing basic programs for digital input and output, and understanding electrical components and their connections. Key examples include blinking an LED and reading input from a push button, along with important safety considerations for working with low voltages.

Uploaded by

0211omshah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Microcontroller basics

Embedded systems for


mortals
Topics
• Working with Arduino IDE
• Basic electric components
• Your first program
• Digital input and output
Arduino IDE with Teensy MCU
• Download Arduino IDE from (version 1.6.7):
http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
• Download Teensyduino from (version 1.27):
http://pjrc.com/teensy/td_download.html
About Teensy
• Microcontroller used in these excersises is
Teensy++ 2.0
• 16 MHz 8-bit Atmel
Processor
(AT90USB1286)
Basic Components
Passive components Active components

Resistor LED

Capacitor Transistor

Push button Integrated circuit (IC)

Inductor
Breadboard
Terminals with blue and red lines are called power
busses and are connected together horizontally.

Terminals in the middle are connected together


vertically. The gap in the middle separates the two
sides.
Breadboard
Example: How to connect Teensy++ 2.0
Setting up Arduino IDE
Writing your first program
Basic blinking LED
byte ledPin = 6; //Variable to store the pin number
//(the built in LED on Teensy++2.0 is connected to pin 6)

void setup()
{
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); //set ledPin as output
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); //Set the default state of the pin to GND(0 Volts)
}

void loop()
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); //LED ON
delay(100); //Wait 100ms (=0,1s)
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); //LED OFF
delay(1000); //Wait 1000ms (=1s)
}
Uploading the program

1. Click Verify

2. Click Upload

3. Plug in and
reset Teensy
Arduino C – Basic functions
void setup() Setup function is run once, when the microcontroller
{}
boots up or resets.
void loop() After setup function the processor moves to run code
{}
inside the loop function. Code inside loop function will be
run over and over until the microcontroller is shut down.
pinMode(var1, var2) pinMode functions sets the mode of given pin. Var1 is the
number of the pin and var2 is the mode (INPUT,
INPUT_PULLUP, OUTPUT)
digitalWrite(var1, var2) digitalWrite changes the status of the pin. Var1 is the
number of the pin and var2 is the status (LOW, HIGH).

IMPORTANT TO NOTICE:
• It’s required to have both setup() and loop() functions in the code
• Depending whether the pin is set as an OUTPUT or INPUT the actual effect of
digitalWrite() is different
Example 2 - Setup
Reading digital input (Using push button)
Example 2 - Code
Reading digital input (Using push button)
byte ledPin = 6;
byte buttonPin = 12;

void setup()
{
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT); //set buttonPin as input
digitalWrite(buttonPin, HIGH); //Set the default state of the pin to HIGH(+5V)
}

void loop()
{
if(digitalRead(buttonPin) == LOW)
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); //LED ON
}
else
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); //LED OFF
}
}
P=U*I M U=R*I
• Microcontrollers typically operate on low
voltages (0-5V) →You must be careful when
connecting devices
• Know the electrical limits of the
microcontroller: Teensy can handle max
5V/40mA per pin
• Always double check the wiring! If you see
smoke it’s already too late!
P=U*I M U=R*I
• To prevent overloading a pin or a component
with excessive current you need to use a
resistor
• Example: Using an LED – Calculating the
required resistor size
• Operation voltage for LED: 5V
• Recommended current 23mA
𝑈 5𝑉
• 𝑈 =𝑅∗𝐼 →𝑅 = = ≈ 220Ω
𝐼 0,023𝐴
Example 3 - Schematic
Example 3 – Breadboard Setup
Example 3 - Code
Controlling external LED with push button
byte ledPin = 24; //new ledPin value
byte buttonPin = 12;

void setup()
{
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
digitalWrite(buttonPin, HIGH);
}

void loop()
{
if(digitalRead(buttonPin) == LOW)
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); //LED ON
}
else
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); //LED OFF
}
}
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