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Wireshark Lab: IP
SOLUTION
Supplement
to
Computer
Networking:
A
Top-‐Down
Approach,
6th
ed.,
J.F.
Kurose
and
K.W.
Ross
©
2005-‐21012,
J.F
Kurose
and
K.W.
Ross,
All
Rights
Reserved
Fig. 1 ICMP Echo Request message IP information
4. Has this IP datagram been fragmented? Explain how you determined whether or not
the datagram has been fragmented.
The more fragments bit = 0, so the data is not fragmented.
5. Which fields in the IP datagram always change from one datagram to the next
within this series of ICMP messages sent by your computer?
Identification, Time to live and Header checksum always change.
6. Which fields stay constant? Which of the fields must stay constant? Which fields
must change? Why?
The fields that stay constant across the IP datagrams are:
• Version (since we are using IPv4 for all packets)
• header length (since these are ICMP packets)
• source IP (since we are sending from the same source)
• destination IP (since we are sending to the same dest)
• Differentiated Services (since all packets are ICMP they use the same
Type of Service class)
• Upper Layer Protocol (since these are ICMP packets)
The fields that must stay constant are:
• Version (since we are using IPv4 for all packets)
• header length (since these are ICMP packets)
• source IP (since we are sending from the same source)
• destination IP (since we are sending to the same dest)
• Differentiated Services (since all packets are ICMP they use the same
Type of Service class)
• Upper Layer Protocol (since these are ICMP packets)
The fields that must change are:
• Identification(IP packets must have different ids)
• Time to live (traceroute increments each subsequent packet)
• Header checksum (since header changes, so must checksum)
7. Describe the pattern you see in the values in the Identification field of the IP
datagram
The pattern is that the IP header Identification fields increment with each
ICMP Echo (ping) request.
©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ. All Rights Reserved.
Fig. 2 ICMP TTL exceeded reply, IP information
8. What is the value in the Identification field and the TTL field?
Identification: 30767
TTL: 64
9. Do these values remain unchanged for all of the ICMP TTL-exceeded replies sent
to your computer by the nearest (first hop) router? Why?
The identification field changes for all the ICMP TTL-exceeded replies
because the identification field is a unique value. When two or more IP
datagrams have the same identification value, then it means that these IP
datagrams are fragments of a single large IP datagram.
The TTL field remains unchanged because the TTL for the first hop router is
always the same.
©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ. All Rights Reserved.
Fig. 3 ICMP Echo Request pkt size = 2000, first fragment
10. Find the first ICMP Echo Request message that was sent by your computer after
you changed the Packet Size in pingplotter to be 2000. Has that message been
fragmented across more than one IP datagram?
Yes, this packet has been fragmented across more than one IP datagram
11. Print out the first fragment of the fragmented IP datagram. What information in
the IP header indicates that the datagram been fragmented? What information in
the IP header indicates whether this is the first fragment versus a latter fragment?
How long is this IP datagram?
The Flags bit for more fragments is set, indicating that the datagram has been
fragmented. Since the fragment offset is 0, we know that this is the first
fragment. This first datagram has a total length of 1500, including the
header.
©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ. All Rights Reserved.
Fig. 4 ICMP Echo Request pkt size = 2000, second fragment
12. Print out the second fragment of the fragmented IP datagram. What information in
the IP header indicates that this is not the first datagram fragment? Are the more
fragments? How can you tell?
We can tell that this is not the first fragment, since the fragment offset is
1480. It is the last fragment, since the more fragments flag is not set.
13. What fields change in the IP header between the first and second fragment?
The IP header fields that changed between the fragments are: total length,
flags, fragment offset, and checksum.
©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ. All Rights Reserved.
Fig. 5 ICMP Echo Request pkt size = 3500, first fragment
14. How many fragments were created from the original datagram?
After switching to 3500, there are 3 packets created from the original
datagram.
15. What fields change in the IP header among the fragments?
The IP header fields that changed between all of the packets are: fragment
offset, and checksum. Between the first two packets and the last packet, we
see a change in total length, and also in the flags. The first two packets have
a total length of 1500, with the more fragments bit set to 1, and the last packet
has a total length of 540, with the more fragments bit set to 0.
©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ. All Rights Reserved.
Other documents randomly have
different content
Hall’s Sketches, 279–281;
see Counterfeiters at Cave
Sulphur Springs Cave (Ill.): 30
Swain, John, “Natchez Trace”: 343
Swaney, John L.: story of Mason, in Guild’s Old Times, 179–183,
201, 244 [262] 339
Wabash River: 23
Wales, Doctor: attends Mrs. John Mason, 227
Walker, Betsey (alleged wife of Big Harpe): see The Harpes
Walker, Elizabeth (alleged wife of Big Harpe): see The Harpes
Walker’s Bar: 44
Wallace, Mr. (lawyer): defends Mason, 188
Waller, John: captures Jim Wilson, 51, 52
Walnut Hills: see Vicksburg
Warren Co. (Miss.): 253, 265
Washington (Miss.): 196, 252, 257, 272
Washington Co. (Tenn.): 164
Waters, Dr. Richard Jones: 218;
testimony Mason trial, 235–237
Watts, Joseph, in Chronicles: 329
Watts, William Courtney: Chronicles of a Kentucky Settlement
47, 285, 329, 344;
Webb brothers, at Cave, 285–292;
Ford as Wilson, 47, 291–293;
Watts on Shouse case, 316
Webb, Dr. Charles H. (son-in-law of James Ford): 46, 292, 303,
304, 329;
at Cave, 285–291
Webb, Mrs. Charles H.: see Cassandra Ford
Webb, John: held at Cave, 286–291
Webster Co. (Ky.): 128, 144
Weir, James; describes Knoxville, 62
Wells (name assumed by Little Harpe): 219, 221, 232, 256;
see The Harpes
Welsh, Joseph (sheriff): 76–77
Welsh, Nicholas (associate of Mason): 171
Welsh, Thomas: pursues Harpes, 73;
on death of Langford, 76
Weston (Ky.): 303
Western Literary and Historical Magazine: Draper’s “Sketch of
the Harpes,” 115–125, 344
Western Monthly Magazine: Hall’s review of The Outlaw, 330,
339, 344
Western Monthly Review: 344
Western Souvenir, Hall: 341
Western Spy and Hamilton Gazette: 101, 246, 248, 256, 344
Wheeling, Siege of: see Fort Henry
Wheeling Gazette: 185–188, 344
White, Robert: pursues Harpe, 140
White River: 203, 204, 220
Wiguens (associate of Mason): 219, 220, 223, 228 229
Wilderness Road: 66–68, 72, 75;
Wilderness Road, Speed [70] 343
Wiley, George: quoted in Claiborne’s Mississippi, 188, 189
Williamson Co. (Tenn.): 221
Wilson (associate of Mason on the Miss.): 221
Wilson, James: name for James Ford in Chronicles, 47, 291–
293, 329
Wilson, Jim: career of, 47–52;
Liquor Vault and House for Entertainment, 47, 49;
Wilson’s Tavern, 49, 51;
Wilson’s Gang, 50, 284
Wilson —: name for Samuel Mason at Cave, 47, 175
Winterington (son-in-law of Samuel Mason): 218
Winters, Elisha: robbed by Mason, 251, 258
Wisconsin State Historical Society, 335, 336, 344, 345;
see Draper, Kellogg’s Frontier Retreat, Thwaites and Kellogg,
Frontier Defence, Revolution on the Upper Ohio
Withers, Alexander S.: Chronicles of Border Warfare [162] 344
Wolf Island: 177
Wood, John (father of Susan Harpe): 145
Wood, William: pursues Harpe, 98–100
Woods, Edgar, Albemarle County in Virginia: 344
Worthen, A. H. (Ill. geologist): 344
Wythe Co. (Va.): 74
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