Marmara University Engineering Faculty

Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

MSE3014 Materials Characterization

EXP – 2 GROUP NO : 14

Name Surname – Student Number;

Ömercan MARMARA 150519851

Submitted to:

Asst. Prof. Görkem YUMUŞAK

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................3
2. BACKGROUND................................................................................................................................3
3. RESULTS..........................................................................................................................................4
4. CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................10
5. REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................10

TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Grain size of materials and distribution...................................................................................4
Figure 2 50X Magnification Microstructure...........................................................................................5
Figure 3 100X Magnification Microstructure.........................................................................................6
Figure 4 150X Magnification Microstructure..........................................................................................7
Figure 5 50X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal..................................................................8
Figure 6 Results of 50X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal..................................................8
Figure 7 100X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal................................................................9
Figure 8 Results of 100X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal................................................9
Figure 9 150X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal..............................................................10
Figure 10 Results of 150X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal............................................10

TABLE OF TABLES
Table 1 Answer to 50X Magnification Microstructure............................................................................5
Table 2 Answer to 100X Magnification Microstructure..........................................................................6
Table 3 Answer to 150X Magnification Microstructure..........................................................................7

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 1. INTRODUCTION

The study of materials' microstructure is known as microstructural analysis, and it is a crucial field.
We will use the imagej software and the intercept method to analyze three microstructures in this
study. In the process, we will visually analyze how the three microstructural photos we located differ
in terms of average grain size.

2. BACKGROUND

Grain Size ;
Each sediment grain's diameter is known as its grain size, also known as particle size.Grain size is
highly dependent on solidification of metals. Grain size can be controlled during solidification steps.
Also, grain size can be changed with grain refinement. Grain size determine the mechanical
behaviour, corrosion behaviour of materials. For instance, when grain size is smaller, the resistance to
tension increases. Therefore, strength of materials increases. Grain size is shown on figure1. The
grains which are smaller, have higher strength. (c>b>a)

Figure 1: Grain size of materials and distribution

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Intercept Method ;
There are a lot of methods to calculate average grain size. Intercept method can be used to calculate
average grain size. The intercept method is among the easiest ways to calculate the average
grain size. Through the micrograph is drawn a haphazard straight line. The count is the
number of grain boundaries that cross the line. One can calculate the average grain size by
dividing the total number of intersections by the length of the line. (Number of intersections /
Actual Length of Line) is the average grain size where measured length divided by
magnification equals actual line length.

ImageJ ;
Despite being a popular and reliable method, the intercept method requires more time to complete than
imageJ because it involves manual calculations. ImageJ software can produce results much more
quickly, but certain factors, such as the clarity of the footage and the software's parameters, may affect
the precision of the result. This report's primary goal is to evaluate the accuracy of the grain sizes
determined using the intercept method and ImageJ. We attempt to comprehend each method's
feasibility and limitations by examining the microstructure.A sizable and well-informed Java image
program available globally for creating applets, servlets, or applications is called ImageJ. to
comprehend ImageJ's significance for Material characterization.

3. RESULTS

 Average grain size analysis by intercept method:

Figure 2 50X Magnification Microstructure

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 50X
Line Boundary Line Average Grain Size
Number Number Length(mm) (mm)
1 16
2 21
3 21 70
0,073684211
4 20
5 17
Total 95 350
Table 1 Answer to 50X Magnification Microstructure

Figure 3 100X Magnification Microstructure

100X
Line Boundary Line Average Grain Size
Number Number Length(mm) (mm)
1 16
2 16
3 18 70
0,046666667
4 12
5 13
Total 75 350

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 Table 2 Answer to 100X Magnification Microstructure

Figure 4 150X Magnification Microstructure

150X
Line Boundary Line Average Grain Size
Number Number Length(mm) (mm)
1 20
2 21
3 22 70
0,022012579
4 24
5 19
Total 106 350

Table 3 Answer to 150X Magnification Microstructure

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 Average grain size analysis by ImageJ:

Figure 5 50X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal

Figure 6 Results of 50X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal

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 Figure 7 100X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal

Figure 8 Results of 100X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal

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 Figure 9 150X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal

Figure 10 Results of 150X Magnificated Grain Microstructure of a Metal

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 4. CONCLUSION

The purpose of this experiment was to examine the grain size of samples that had three distinct
microstructures. Three distinct samples with various grain boundaries created by metallographic stages
were evaluated using ImageJ software. In order to evaluate accurate data, threshold settings and
material grain boundaries were developed after the image was rescaled. Particle analysis was used to
evaluate the most notable grains, and each grain's specifics were gathered.

5. REFERENCES

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