Dr. Jose P.

Rizal
(1861-1896)

The Philippines' national hero. Born in Calamba, Laguna, on June 19, 1861. Published
his masterpiece Noli Me Tangere in Berlin(Germany) in 1887 and his second novel El
Filibusterismo in Ghent(Belgium) in 1891. His two novels stirred the conscience of his
people. He contributed various literary works to La Solidaridad. For his leadership in the
reform movement and for his incendiary novels, Rizal was arrested and later killed by
musketry in Bagumbayan, Manila, on December 30, 1896. His execution was the last
straw for other Filipinos who called for a bloody revolution against Spain.

Andres Bonifacio
(1863-1897)

He founded the secret society, Katipunan, on July 7, 1892, to fight Spain. He was also
president of the Tagalog republic from August 24, 1896 to May 10, 1897. Born in Tondo,
Manila, on November 30, 1863. He grew up in the slums and never knew the benefits of
a prosperous life. He married Gregoria de Jesus in 1892. He was killed on May 10, 1897,
near Mount Buntis, Maragondon, Cavite.

General Gregorio del Pilar

(1875-1899)

Hero of Tirad Pass. Born on November 14, 1875, in Bulacan, Bulacan. Died on
December 2, 1899, in the battle of Tirad Pass, to enable Aguinaldo to escape from the
Americans. One of the youngest and bravest generals ever produced by the Philippines.

General Emilio Aguinaldo

(1899-1964)

He officially proclaimed the Philippine independence in Malolos, Bulacan, on January 23,

1899, with him as the first president. It was the first republic in Asia. Born in Kawit, Cavite,
on March 22, 1869. Died at the Veterans Memorial Hospital, Quezon City, on February 6,
1964.

Apolinario Mabini
(1864-1903)

Sublime paralytic and the brain of the revolution. Born in Talaga, Tanauan, Batangas, on
June 22, 1864. He joined La Liga Filipina in 1892 and Aguinaldo's revolutionary
government from June 1898 to May 1899. He was captured by the American forces in
December 1899 and deported to Guam in January 1901. He died in Manila on May 13,
1903.
 Father
Mariano
Gomez
(1799-
1872)

Father
Jose GOMBURZA
Burgos
(1837-
1872)
Three intellectuals who
crusaded for reform. Killed by
garrote in Bagumbayan, Manila
on February 17, 1872, for
allegedly instigating the Cavite
mutiny.

Father
Jacinto
Zamora
(1835-
1872)

Emilio Jacinto
(1875-1899)

Brains of the Katipunan. Born in Trozo,

Manila, on December 15, 1875. He
joined the Katipunan in 1894 and
became Bonifacio's trusted friend and
adviser. He wrote the Kartilya ng
Katipunan, the primer of the Katipunan
which embodied the teachings of the
organization. He founded and edited the
Katipunan newspaper, Kalayaan, whose
first issue came out in January 1896.
Died on April 16, 1899. He was one of
the heroic figures in Philippine history.
General Antonio Luna
(1866-1899)

The greatest general of the revolution.

Younger brother of Juan Luna, the
famous painter. Editor of La
Independencia, whose first issue came
out on September 3, 1898. Born in
Binondo, Manila, on October 29, 1866.
He was one of the propagandists in Spain
who were working for political reforms
in the Philippines. He contributed
articles to La Solidaridad. He was
assassinated in Cabanatuan City, on June
5, 1899.

Trece Martirez
The 13 martyrs of Cavite, who
were executed by a firing squad
on September 12, 1896. They
were: 1)Maximo Inocencio;
2)Jose Lallana; 3)Eugenio
Cabezas; 4)Maximo Gregorio;
5)Hugo Perez; 6)Severino
Lapidario; 7)Alfonso de
Ocampo; 8)Francisco Osorio;
9)Antonio de San Agustin;
10)Luis Aguado; 11)Agapito
Conchu; 12)Victoriano Luciano;
and 13)Feliciano Cabuco.

Melchora Aquino
(1812-1919)

B etter known as Tandang Sora. Born in

Banlat, Kalookan City, on January 6,
1812. She helped the Katipuneros under
the leadership of Andres Bonifacio by
providing them food, shelter, and other
material goods. She is recognized as the
Grand Woman of the revolution and the
Mother of Balintawak. She died on
March 12, 1919.
Graciano Lopez-Jaena
(1856-1896)

Founder and first editor of the

newspaper La Solidaridad, which
became the vehicle of expression for
Filipino propaganda in Spain. Together
wtih Jose Rizal and Marcelo H. Del
Pilar, he undertook propaganda
campaigns in Spain. Born in Jaro, Iloilo,
on December 18, 1856. He died on
January 20, 1896, in Barcelona, Spain.

Panday Pira
(1483-1576)

First Filipino cannon-maker. He forged

the cannons which Rajah Sulayman used
in defending the Muslim Kingdom of
Manila against the Spanish invaders.
Born in one of the islands in Southern
Philippines in 1483. He died in 1576.

Mariano Ponce
(1863-1918)

Researcher, historian, bibliographer,

propagandist, diplomat, physician,
folklorist, and an outstanding reformist.
Born in Baliwag, Bulacan, on March 23,
1863. While in Spain, he joined the
propaganda movement and became one
of the initiators of La Solidaridad, later
becoming its managing editor. Died in
HongKong on May 23, 1918.

Gregoria de Jesus
(1875-1943)

One of the brave and patriotic women

who played a heroic role in the
Philippine revolution. Born in Kalookan
City, on May 9, 1875. Wife of Andres
Bonifacio and Lakambini of the
Katipunan. She actually fought
alongside her husband during the
revolution, aside from being the
custodian of the Katipunan documents.
She organized the Katipunan's Women
Chapter. She died on March 15, 1943.
Fernando Ma. Guerrero
(1873-1890)

Musician, journalist, politician, and

lawyer. Considered the greatest lyric poet
in Spanish. Born in Ermita, Manila, on
May 30, 1873. When the revolution
broke out, General Antonio Luna invited
him to join the editorial staff of La
Independencia, the organ of the
revolution. Thus, he fought for the
Filipino cause with his pen. Died in
Manila June 12, 1929.

Felipe Agoncillo
(1859-1941)

Outstanding diplomat of the Philippine

revolution. Born in Taal, Batangas, on
May 26, 1859. Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo
appointed him as Minister
Plenipotentiary to the peace conference
in Washington and Paris. Died on
September 29, 1941, at the Manila
Doctor's Hospital.

Juan Luna
(1857-1899)

A genius of the brush and a patriot of

the highest order. Creator of the world-
famous painting, SPOLARIUM, which
was awarded the gold medal in the
Exposicion Nacional de Bellas Artes in
Madrid in 1884. It is also known as the
greatest painting of all times. Born in
Badoc, Ilocos, Norte, on October 23,
1857. He was closely associated with the
Reform Movement, together with Rizal,
Lopez-Jaena, Ponce, etc. He died in
Hongkong on December 7, 1899.

Rafael Palma
(1874-1939)

Orator, statesman, scholar, educator,

and writer. Born in Tondo, Manila, on
October 24, 1874. He was involved in
the propaganda campaign against the
Spaniards. He cofounded with Gen.
Antonio Luna the revolutionary
newspaper, La Independencia. Later, he
also founded El Nuevo Dia, Cebu's first
daily. Died in Manila on May 24, 1939.

Marcelo H. Del Pilar

(1850-1896)

Political analyst of the Filipino colony

in Spain. Born in Kupang, Bulacan,
Bulacan, on August 30, 1850. In 1882,
he founded the nationalistic
newspaper, Diariong Tagalog. In
December 1889, he became the editor
of La Solidaridad and became the
moving spirit behind the propaganda
movement. Died on July 4, 1896.

Pedro Paterno
(1858-1911)

Statesman, poet, writer, and

peacemaker. Born in Manila on February
27, 1858. He was the negotiator/mediator
of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato. He helped
prepare the Malolos constitution. Died
on April 26, 1911.

Leona Florentino
(1849-1884)

First poetess of the Philippines. Born

in Vigan, Ilocos Sur, on April 19, 1849.
Her poems were given international
recognition at the Exposicion in Madrid
in 1887 and in Paris in 1889. Died on
October 4, 1884.

Artemio Ricarte
(1866-1945)

The unconquerable hero of the

revolution. Born in Batac, Ilocos Norte,
on October 20, 1866. Known as Viborra,
he was a gentle public school teacher
who became a dashing revolutionary
general. Died in the jungles of Sierra
Madre on July 31, 1945.
Isabelo delos Reyes
(1864-1938)

Last of the propagandists. Gifted son of

Leona Florentino, first poetess of the
Philippines. Born in Vigan, Ilocos Sur,
on July 7, 1864. He aroused the hostility
of the friars and government officials
when he openly criticized the evils of the
Spanish rule and he advocated reforms.
He was the founder of the first
Philippine labor union, as well as the
first independent Filipino Catholic
church. Died on October 9, 1938.

Jose Palma
(1876-1903)

Poet and soldier. Born in Tondo,

Manila, on June 3, 1876. Younger
brother of Dr. Rafael Palma. He
was a staff member of La
Independencia. He wrote Filipinas,
a patriotic poem in Spanish, which
became the lyrics of the Philippine
National Anthem. Died in Manila,
on February 12, 1903.

Rajah Lakandola
( -1575)

One of the most illustrious ancient

Filipinos. Chief of Tondo, when Legazpi
came to Manila in 1571. He became a
Christian and took the name of Carlos,
after the king of Spain. He made the
blood compact with Goiti. He fought
alongside the Spaniards against the
Chinese pirate, Limahong. Died in 1575.

Rajah Soliman
( -1571)

The last rajah of Manila, noted for his

daring and bravery. Nephew of Rajah
Lakandola. Of all of the early rulers of
Manila, he was feared most by the
Spaniards. He was killed on June 3,
1571, in the Battle of Bangkusay.
Leonor Rivera
(1867-1893)

Cousin and fiancee of Jose Rizal. She

was the Maria Clara in Rizal's Noli Me
Tangere.

Marcela Mariño
Agoncillo
(1859-1946)

Maker of the first Philippine flag. Born

in Taal, Batangas, on June 24, 1859.
Married to Felipe Agoncillo. She labored
to make the Filipino flag in Hong Kong
with the help of Delfina Herbosa de
Natividad, a niece of Rizal. Died on May
30, 1946 in Taal, Batangas.

Galicano Apacible

One of the founders of La Solidaridad.

Jose Ma. Panganiban

(1863-1890)

Avenger of Filipino honor. Born in

Mambulao, Camarines Norte, on
February 1, 1863. A good friend and
co-worker of Rizal. He was
Bicolandia's greatest contribution to the
historic campaign for reforms, more
popularly called the Propaganda
Movement. He wrote articles for La
Solidaridad, under the pen names
Jomapa and J.M.P. Died in Barcelona,
Spain, on August 19, 1890.
 Diego Silang
(1730-1763)

He led the revolt of the Ilocanos in

opposition to the tribute and abuses of
the Spanish officials. Born in
Aringay, La Union, on December 16,
1730. The revolt started in Vigan,
Ilocos Sur. He was killed by Miguel
Vicos, a Spanish mestizo who bore
grievances against Diego Silang.

Maria Josefa Gabriela

Silang

After the death of Diego Silang on May

28, 1763, the fight was carried on by his
wife, MARIA JOSEFA GABRIELA
SILANG, and his uncle, Nicolas
Cari&ntildeo. She too lost her life for
freedom's sake on September 30, 1763.

Lapu-Lapu
(c. 16th century)

Chief of Mactan who led the first

successful Filipino armed resistance
against Spanish aggression. He fought
and killed Magellan in a battle in
Mactan, on April 27, 1521.

Francisco Baltazar
(1788-1862)

More popularly known as Balagtas, he

is considered the prince of Tagalog
poets. Born in Panginay, Bigaa, Bulacan,
on April 2, 1788. He wrote Florante at
Laura, a masterpiece of local
versification, upholding moral and social
values; it served as the basic foundation
of the Philippine literature. Died in
Orion, Bataan, on February 20, 1862.
Epifanio delos Santos
(1871-1928)

Lawyer, journalist, historian,

philosopher, bibliographer, biographer,
painter, poet, musician, literary critic,
antique collector, and librarian. Born in
Malabon, Rizal, on April 7, 1871. Died
on April 28, 1928, in Manila.

Francisco Dagohoy
(c. Mid-18th century)

He led the longest revolt in Bohol

against the Spaniards. The immediate
cause of the revolt was the refusal of a
Jesuit priest to give a Christian burial to
Dagohoy's brother. The Spaniards
needed 85 years before they were able to
suppress the rebellion. It was only in
1829 that they finally succeeded in
bringing to end the revolt started by
Dagohoy.

Teresa Magbanua
(1871-1947)

The first woman in Panay to fight in the

Philippine revolution. Known as the
Visayan Joan of Arc. Born in Pototan,
Iloilo, on November 4, 1871. Died in
August 1947.

Trinidad Tecson
(1848-1928)

Mother of Biak-na-Bato. Born in San

Miguel, Bulacan, on November 18,
1848. Even though women-members
of the Katipunan were exempted from
the pact, she participated
in Sanduguan(blood compact). She
fought fearlessly in 12 bloody battles
of the revolution in Bulacan, including
the famous Battle of Biak-na-Bato.
Later, she became known as The
Mother of the Philippine Red Cross.
Died on June 28, 1928.
 Agueda Esteban

Katipunan member who later

married Artemio Ricarte. She
commuted from Cavite to Manila to
buy saltpeter, lead, and copper which
where used to make ammunitions.
She also carried secret messages
about the planned offensives against
the Spanish posts.

Julian Felipe
(1861-1941)

Composer of the Philippine National

Anthem. Born in Cavite City on January
28, 1861. A dedicated music teacher and
composer, he was appointed by
Aguinaldo as Director of the National
Band of the Philippine Republic. Died in
Manila on October 2, 1941.

Marina Dizon
(1875-1950)

Daughter of a Katipunan leader in

Cavite, who was one of the Trece
Martirez, executed by the Spanish
officials in 1896. Born in Trozo,
Manila, on July 18, 1875. She joined
the Katipunan in July 1893, one of the
first women to have done so. She also
kept important documents of the
Katipunan. Died on October 25, 1950.

General Francisco Makabulos

(1871-1922)

Leader of the revolt in Tarlac. Born in La Paz, Tarlac, on

September 17, 1871. He was the first patriot in Tarlac, who
joined the Katipunan. General Aguinaldo appointed him as one
of the brigadier generals of the Central Luzon area. He
established the Central Executive Committee, which had a
constitution called the Constitution of Makabulos. Died in La
Paz, Tarlac, on April 30, 1922.