GRADE 7; PRE-TECHNICAL

STUDIES NOTES
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 STRAND 1.0: FOUNDATIONS OF PRE -
TECHNICAL STUDIES
COMPONENTS OF PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES AS A LEARNING
AREA:
1. Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies:
 Explanation: Introduction to fundamental concepts and principles related to pre-technical subjects.
 Example: Understanding safety regulations, basic technical terminology, and problem-solving
approaches.
2. Safety in the Work Environment:
 Explanation: Focus on identifying and mitigating potential safety threats in various work
environments.
 Example: Learning about workplace hazards and safety protocols in industries such as
manufacturing or construction.
3. Communication:
 Explanation: Developing communication skills essential for effective collaboration and information
sharing in technical fields.
 Example: Practicing clear communication in technical project reports or during team discussions.
4. Technical Drawing and Design:
 Explanation: Introduction to basic technical drawing techniques and design principles.
 Example: Creating engineering drawings or architectural plans using drafting tools.
5. Basic Computer Skills:
 Explanation: Acquiring foundational skills in using computers and digital tools relevant to technical
fields.
 Example: Learning to use software for data analysis, drafting, or programming.
6. Materials and Tools Handling:
 Explanation: Understanding the properties of materials and safe handling of tools used in technical
activities.
 Example: Demonstrating proper use of woodworking tools or laboratory equipment.
7. Problem Solving:
 Explanation: Developing critical thinking and problem-solving skills applicable to technical
challenges.
 Example: Analyzing and solving engineering problems or troubleshooting technical issues.
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 B) ROLE OF PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES IN DAY-TO-DAY LIFE:
1. Safety Awareness:
 Explanation: Pre-Technical Studies instill a sense of safety awareness, contributing to a safer daily
environment.
 Example: Knowing how to identify and address potential safety hazards at home or in public spaces.
2. Effective Communication:
 Explanation: The communication skills learned aid in clear and concise interactions in personal and
professional life.
 Example: Communicating ideas effectively in everyday conversations or writing clear emails.
3. Problem-Solving Skills:
 Explanation: The problem-solving skills acquired are applicable to addressing challenges in various
aspects of life.
 Example: Solving household issues or addressing technical glitches in personal devices.
4. Understanding Materials:
 Explanation: Knowledge of materials helps in making informed decisions when purchasing or using
products.
 Example: Choosing appropriate materials for DIY projects or understanding product labels.
5. Basic Computer Literacy:
 Explanation: Basic computer skills enhance digital literacy, essential in today's technology-driven
world.
 Example: Using computers for online communication, research, or online transactions.

C) EMBRACING PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES IN CAREER

DEVELOPMENT:
1. Industry-Relevant Skills:
 Explanation: Pre-Technical Studies provide foundational skills applicable to a wide range of
technical careers.
 Example: Applying technical drawing skills in architecture or engineering professions.
2. Career Specialization:
 Explanation: Exposure to different components helps students identify and specialize in specific
technical areas.
 Example: Choosing a career in electronics after gaining skills in handling electronic components.
3. Adaptability in Technological Fields:

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 Explanation: Pre-Technical Studies foster adaptability to emerging technologies, a crucial aspect in
evolving careers.
 Example: Easily transitioning to new software or tools in a tech-oriented workplace.
4. Safety Compliance:
 Explanation: Understanding safety regulations enhances workplace safety compliance in technical
professions.
 Example: Adhering to safety protocols in a manufacturing or laboratory setting.
5. Effective Collaboration:
 Explanation: Communication skills developed in Pre-Technical Studies contribute to successful
collaboration in team-based technical projects.
 Example: Working effectively with colleagues on engineering projects or collaborative research.
Lesson 1: Brainstorming on Safety Threats
 Discussion Points:
 Physical Safety Threats: Wet floors, exposed wiring, faulty machinery.
 Online Safety Threats: Cyberbullying, phishing emails, unauthorized access.
 Explanation:
 Collaborative brainstorming helps us identify a broad range of safety threats, considering
both physical and online aspects.
Lesson 2: Research on Safety Hazards
 Research Findings:
 Physical Safety Hazards: Chemical exposure, ergonomic risks, inadequate lighting.
 Online Safety Hazards: Malware, social engineering attacks, data breaches.
 Explanation:
 Researching safety hazards provides us with in-depth knowledge about potential risks in both
physical and digital work environments.
Lesson 3: Research on Physical and Online Threats to Digital Devices
 Research Findings:
 Physical Threats to Digital Devices: Theft, natural disasters, hardware failure.
 Online Threats: Impersonation, hacking, unknown friend requests.
 Explanation:
 Identifying specific threats helps us develop targeted strategies to protect digital devices both
physically and online.
Lesson 4: Sharing Ideas on Data Privacy
 Shared Ideas:
 Using strong, unique passwords.
 Avoiding clicking on suspicious email links.
 Being cautious about sharing personal information online.
 Explanation:

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 Sharing and practicing data privacy ideas enhance our ability to keep personal and sensitive
information secure.
Key Inquiry Questions:
1. Why is safety in the work environment important?
 Discussion Points:
 Prevents accidents, injuries, and ensures a positive work environment.
 Contributes to overall well-being and productivity.
2. How can online threats be safeguarded against?
 Discussion Points:
 Being vigilant and cautious online.
 Using strong passwords and avoiding suspicious links.
Lesson 5: Discussing Safety Rules and Regulations
 Discussed Rules:
 Wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
 Adhering to fire evacuation procedures.
 Reporting hazards promptly.

 Explanation:
 Understanding and discussing safety rules ensures a collective commitment to maintaining a
secure work environment.

Lesson 6: Role Play on Safety for Self and Others

 Role Play Scenarios:
 Responding to a simulated fire alarm.
 Demonstrating proper tool usage.
 Handling a simulated phishing attempt.
 Explanation:
 Role-playing helps us apply safety practices in real-life scenarios, fostering a culture of
safety within the team.
OVERALL UNDERSTANDING:
 Recognizing safety threats, both physical and online, is crucial for preventing accidents and
maintaining a secure work environment.
 Knowledge of safety rules and regulations contributes to creating a culture of safety within
our organization.
 Regular observation and adherence to safety practices enhance our ability to contribute to a
healthy and productive work environment.
 Appreciating the importance of safety involves understanding its impact on individual well-
being, team dynamics, and overall organizational success.
Lesson 1: Brainstorming on Computer Terms
 Brainstorm on Terms:
 Computer:
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 Definition: A device that processes data to produce information.
 Example: Personal computers, laptops, servers.
 Data:
 Definition: Raw facts and figures that are input into a computer.
 Example: Numbers, text, images.
 Information:
 Definition: Processed data that conveys meaning and is useful to the user.
 Example: Analyzed data in a report, a graph representing statistical information.
 Explanation:
 Brainstorming helps in defining and understanding key terms related to computers, data, and
information.

LESSON 2: CHARACTERISTICS OF A COMPUTER

 Discussion on Characteristics:
 Speed:
 Definition: The rate at which a computer processes tasks.
 Example: High-speed processors allow quick task execution.
 Accuracy:
 Definition: The ability of a computer to perform tasks without errors.
 Example: Accurate calculations in spreadsheet software.
 Versatility:
 Definition: The capability of a computer to handle various tasks and applications.
 Example: Computers can be used for word processing, graphic design, and gaming.
 Reliability:
 Definition: The dependability of a computer to perform consistently.
 Example: Enterprise-level servers are designed for high reliability.
 Diligence:
 Definition: The ability of a computer to perform repetitive tasks without fatigue.
 Example: Automated data entry tasks performed with diligence.
 Storage:
 Definition: The capacity of a computer to store data and information.
 Example: Hard drives and solid-state drives used for data storage.
 Consistency:
 Definition: The uniformity in performance and behavior.
 Example: Consistent user interface across different software versions.
 Explanation:
 Discussing characteristics provides a comprehensive understanding of what makes a
computer efficient and effective.
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Lesson 3: Video Clip on Classification of Computers
 Download and Watch a Video Clip:
 Classification of Computers.
 Explanation:
 Visual learning through a video clip enhances understanding of how computers are classified
based on various criteria.
Lesson 4: Discussion on Classification of Computers
 Discussion on Classification Criteria:
 Functionality:
 Definition: How a computer is designed to operate and the tasks it can perform.
 Example: Personal computers for general use, servers for data storage and retrieval.
 Purpose:
 Definition: The reason a computer is used, such as gaming, business, or scientific research.
 Example: Gaming computers with high-end graphics cards, business computers for office
tasks.
 Size:
 Definition: The physical dimensions of a computer, influencing portability.
 Example: Desktops for stationary use, laptops for portability, tablets and smartphones for
mobility.
 Explanation:
 Discussing the classification of computers based on functionality, purpose, and size provides
insights into their diverse applications in user environments.
Lesson 5: Interaction with Different Types of Computers
 Interaction with Computers:
 Performed Tasks:
 Word processing on a desktop computer.
 Internet browsing on a laptop.
 Graphic design on a high-performance workstation.

Explanation:
 Hands-on interaction enhances practical understanding and application of computer concepts
in real-world scenarios.

Key Inquiry Question:

 Why are there different classes of computers?
 Discussion Points:
 Different user needs require specialized computers.
 Diverse applications and performance requirements lead to the existence of various computer
classes.

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Overall Understanding:
 Recognizing key terms and understanding their meanings lays the foundation for computer
concepts.
 Detailed discussions on characteristics provide insights into what makes a computer efficient
and reliable.
 Visual learning through a video clip enhances our understanding of computer classification.
 Practical interaction with different types of computers reinforces our ability to apply
computer skills in real-world scenarios.
 The key inquiry question prompts us to think critically about the necessity for different
classes of computers based on user requirements and applications.

Lesson 1: Brainstorming and Presentation on Communication

 Brainstorming Session:
 Meaning of Communication:
 Exchange of information, ideas, and thoughts.
 Importance of Communication in the Work Environment:
 Enhances collaboration.
 Improves decision-making.
 Fosters a positive work culture.
 Presentation:
 Highlights:
 Clear communication is crucial for organizational success.
 Examples of effective communication leading to successful projects or initiatives.
 Overall Explanation:
 Understanding the meaning and importance of communication forms the foundation for
effective workplace interaction.

Lesson 2: Role Play on Effective Communication

 Role Play Scenario:
 Situation:
 Team members working on a project need to coordinate tasks.
 Demonstration:
 Clear communication channels, active listening, and addressing misunderstandings promptly.
 Overall Explanation:
 Role-playing helps internalize the significance of clear and concise communication in
professional settings.

Lesson 3: Research on ICT Tools in Communication

 Research Findings:
 ICT Tools Explored:

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 Email, mobile phones, computers, video and web conferencing tools, social networking,
online collaboration.
 Insights:
 Email for formal communication, video conferencing for virtual meetings, social networking
for informal interactions.

Overall Explanation:
 Researching ICT tools provides insights into the diverse technologies used for workplace
communication.

Lesson 4: Discussion on ICT Tools in Communication

 Discussion Highlights:
 Email:
 Formal written communication.
 Mobile Phones:
 Quick and direct communication.
 Video Conferencing:
 Virtual meetings for remote collaboration.
 Social Networking:
 Informal communication and networking.
 Overall Explanation:
 Discussing ICT tools helps recognize their functions and applications in various
communication scenarios.

Lesson 5: Use of ICT Tools and Internet for Communication

 Activity Highlights:
 Practical Scenarios:
 Sending professional emails, participating in a video conference, collaborating on an online
document.
 Skills Developed:
 Effective use of communication tools in a simulated workplace environment.
 Overall Explanation:
 Hands-on experience using ICT tools and the internet enhances practical communication
skills in a technological environment.

Lesson 6: Discussion on Benefits and Challenges of the Internet

 Discussion Points:
 Benefits:
 Global communication, instant access to information, collaborative opportunities.
 Challenges:

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 Security concerns, information overload, potential for misinformation.

Overall Explanation:
 Understanding the benefits and challenges of the internet enables informed and responsible
use in a work context.

Overall Summary:
 Importance of Communication:
 Recognizing the critical role of communication in fostering a positive work environment,
ensuring clarity, and promoting effective teamwork.
 ICT Tools in Communication:
 Understanding and utilizing a variety of ICT tools to enhance workplace communication.
 Practical Application:
 Using ICT tools and the internet to simulate workplace communication scenarios, fostering
practical skills.
 Role of Effective Communication:
 Acknowledging how effective communication contributes to workplace success,
collaboration, and overall productivity.
 Critical Analysis:
 Evaluating the benefits and challenges of the internet, ensuring responsible and secure
communication practices in a professional setting.

Lesson 1: Discussing the Importance of Drawing

 Brainstorming on Importance:
 Visual Communication: Drawing facilitates the expression of ideas and information visually.
 Precision in Technical Fields: Drawing is crucial for conveying accurate and detailed
information in technical and engineering contexts.
 Creative Expression: In art, drawing allows for creative expression and subjective
interpretation.
 Overall Explanation:
 Initiating the course by discussing the diverse importance of drawing in various contexts.

Lesson 2: Brainstorming on Technical and Artistic Drawing

 Brainstorming on Technical Drawing:
 Precision: Technical drawings emphasize accuracy and precise measurements.
 Engineering Applications: Used in engineering and technical fields for schematic
representation.
 Brainstorming on Artistic Drawing:
 Aesthetics: Artistic drawings focus on aesthetic expression and creativity.

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 Subjective Interpretation: Allows for personal interpretation and creativity.
 Overall Explanation:
 Distinguishing between technical and artistic drawing through brainstorming.

Lesson 3: Research on Artistic and Technical Drawing

 Research Findings:
 Artistic Drawing:
 Emphasis on aesthetics, creativity, and subjective expression.
 Technical Drawing:
 Emphasis on precision, accuracy, and application in technical fields.
 Overall Explanation:
 Researching to understand the specific characteristics and applications of artistic and
technical drawing.

Lesson 4: Practicing Printing Numbers and Letters

 Practical Exercise:
 Activity:
 Practice printing numbers and letters of the alphabet as used in drawing.
 Overall Explanation:
 Hands-on practice improves the learner's ability to reproduce numbers and letters accurately
in drawings.

Lesson 5: Types of Lines in Drawing

 Visual Aid Exploration:
 Visual Aids:
 Explore information on types of lines and their application in drawing (thick and thin
continuous, dashed, and chain).
 Overall Explanation:
 Using visual aids to enhance understanding of the application of different types of lines in
drawing.

Lesson 6: Drawing Various Types of Lines

 Drawing Practice:
 Activity:
 Draw various types of lines (thick and thin continuous, dashed, and chain).
 Overall Explanation:
 Practical drawing activities improve proficiency in creating different types of lines.

Lesson 7: Sketching Basic Symbols and Abbreviations

 Activity:
 Activity:

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 Sketch basic symbols (⌀, ℄, R, ⊥, ▢) and abbreviations (DRG, A/F, A/C, I/D, O/D) used in
drawing.
 Overall Explanation:
 Learning to illustrate symbols and abbreviations enhances the ability to communicate
specific information in drawings.

Lesson 8: Audio-Visual Study of Symbol and Abbreviation Applications

 Audio-Visual Aids:
 Study:
 Use audio-visual aids to understand the application of symbols and abbreviations in drawing.
 Overall Explanation:
 Utilizing audio-visual aids deepens understanding of how symbols and abbreviations are
applied in drawing.

Key Inquiry Question:

 Why is drawing referred to as a universal way of communication?
 Discussion Points:
 Visual Language: Drawing transcends linguistic barriers through a universally understood
visual language.
 Common Understanding: Symbols and representations in drawings have a common,
universally understood meaning.

Overall Understanding:
 Importance of Drawing:
 Acknowledging drawing as a powerful means of communication, spanning both technical
precision and artistic expression.
 Distinguishing Technical and Artistic Drawing:
 Understanding the unique characteristics and applications of technical and artistic drawing.
 Practical Skills:
 Developing practical skills in printing numbers and letters, drawing various types of lines,
and sketching symbols and abbreviations.
 Appreciation for Drawing:
 Recognizing the role of drawing in conveying information precisely and creatively across
diverse fields.

Lesson 1: Brainstorming on Methods of Dimensioning

 Brainstorming:
 Linear Dimensioning:
 Measuring length in a straight line.
 Radial Dimensioning:
 Measuring from a central point, often used in circular objects.

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 Angular Dimensioning:
 Measuring angles between lines or shapes.
 Arc Dimensioning:
 Measuring curved shapes or arcs.
Overall Explanation:
 Beginning the sub-strand with a diverse understanding of methods for dimensioning in plane
geometry.
Lesson 2: Illustrating Types of Lines Used in Dimensioning
 Visual Aid Exploration:
 Visual Aids:
 Extension lines: Indicate the points between which the measurement is taken.
 Dimension lines: Indicate the measured length.
 Leader lines: Connect features to the dimension lines.
 Overall Explanation:
 Visualizing and understanding the roles of various lines used in dimensioning.

Lesson 3: Constructing Combined Shapes

 Activity:
 Constructing Shapes:
 Combining circles, rectangles, and triangles to create complex shapes.
 Example: Combining a circle and a rectangle to form a cylinder.
 Overall Explanation:
 Hands-on activity to build a foundation for understanding and constructing combined shapes.

Lesson 4: Dimensioning Combined Shapes in Plane Geometry

 Discussion:
 Forms of Dimensioning:
 Parallel Dimensioning: Dimensions are placed parallel to the dimension lines.
 Chain Dimensioning: Dimensions are linked together for efficiency.
 Combined Dimensioning: Utilizing a combination of both parallel and chain dimensioning.
 Overall Explanation:
 Discussing and understanding different forms of dimensioning for combined shapes.

Lesson 5: Visual Aid Exploration of Combined Shapes

 Visual Aid Exploration:
 Visual Aids:
 Identifying combined shapes in visual aids, such as architectural plans or mechanical
diagrams.

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Lesson 6: Drawing Combined Shapes
 Discussion:
 Techniques:
 Discussing step-by-step techniques to draw combined shapes accurately.
 Example: Drawing a complex machinery part involving circles and rectangles.
 Overall Explanation:
 Understanding the process and techniques involved in accurately drawing combined shapes.

Lesson 7: Research on Methods of Dimensioning Combined Shapes

 Research Findings:
 Electronic or Print Media Search:
 Exploring the latest methods of dimensioning combined shapes through electronic or print
media sources.
 Example: Researching online articles or engineering manuals.
 Overall Explanation:
 Researching to gain insights into the most effective and modern methods of dimensioning for
combined shapes.

Lesson 8: Drawing and Dimensioning Combined Shapes

 Activity:
 Activity:
 Drawing and dimensioning combined shapes in plane geometry using the learned techniques.
 Example: Drawing a combination of geometric shapes found in a blueprint.
 Overall Explanation:
 Applying acquired knowledge and skills to draw and dimension complex shapes accurately.

Key Inquiry Question:

 How are combined shapes applied in day-to-day life?
 Discussion Points:
 Architecture:
 Combining shapes in architectural designs for buildings or bridges.
 Manufacturing:
 Creating machinery parts with combined shapes for efficiency.
 Product Design:
 Incorporating combined shapes in product designs for functionality and aesthetics.

Overall Understanding:
 Methods of Dimensioning:
 Grasping the nuances of linear, radial, angular, and arc dimensioning along with the types of
lines used.
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 Construction of Combined Shapes:
 Learning to construct and dimension combined shapes, understanding the importance of
different forms of dimensioning.
 Practical Application:
 Applying the learned concepts to real-world scenarios, embracing the use of plane geometry
in architecture, manufacturing, and product design.

Lesson 1: Exploring Economic Resources

 Brainstorming and Presentation:
 Meaning of Economic Resources:
 Resources utilized in the production of goods and services to meet human needs.
 Characteristics:
 Limited availability, utility in production, and potential for satisfying human wants.
 Example: Fertile land for agriculture, which is limited but essential for producing food.

Overall Explanation:
 Commencing the sub-strand with a detailed understanding of economic resources and their
key characteristics.

Lesson 2: Characteristics of Economic Resources

 Research and Sharing:
 Print or Digital Media Search:
 Exploration of various sources to understand the characteristics of economic resources.
 Example:
 Limited availability implies that resources are finite and must be managed efficiently to meet
the ever-growing human needs.
 Characteristics of Economic Resources in Point Form:
 Limited Availability:
 Resources are finite and not infinite.
 Utility in Production:
 Resources are used to produce goods and services.
 Potential to Satisfy Human Wants:
 Resources contribute to meeting human needs and desires.
 Overall Explanation:
 Understanding the essential characteristics of economic resources through research and
shared insights.

Lesson 3: Classification of Economic Resources in Kenya

 Case Study Analysis:
 Case Study:

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 Analyzing a case study on the classification and types of economic resources in Kenya.
 Examples of Economic Resources in Kenya:
 Agriculture: Land for crop cultivation and livestock rearing.
 Minerals: Deposits of minerals like gold, soda ash, and titanium.
 Tourism: Natural attractions like wildlife, national parks, and beaches.

Classification of Economic Resources in Kenya:

 Renewable Resources:
 Resources that can be naturally replenished, such as agricultural land and forests.
 Non-renewable Resources:
 Limited resources like minerals that cannot be quickly replenished.
 Overall Explanation:
 Gaining practical insights into the economic landscape of Kenya through a focused case
study.

Lesson 4: Metallic and Non-Metallic Materials as Economic Resources

 Discussion:
 Distinguishing Characteristics:
 Metallic materials (e.g., iron, copper) and non-metallic materials (e.g., wood, rubber) as
economic resources.
 Examples:
 Metallic Materials: Iron used in construction and copper in electrical wiring.
 Non-Metallic Materials: Wood for construction and rubber for tire production.
 Overall Explanation:
 Understanding the distinct characteristics of metallic and non-metallic materials in the
context of economic resources.

Lesson 5: Resource Mapping in the Local Community

 Activity:
 Resource Mapping:
 Conducting resource mapping to identify and document economic resources within the local
community.
 Example:
 Identifying agricultural areas, water sources, and potential mining sites.
 Overall Explanation:
 Applying practical knowledge to recognize economic resources in the immediate
environment through resource mapping.

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Lesson 6: Sustainable Use of Economic Resources
 Brainstorm and Presentation:
 Sustainable Practices:
 Brainstorming and presenting sustainable ways of using economic resources in Kenya.
 Examples of Sustainable Practices:
 Adopting renewable energy sources like solar and wind power.
 Implementing efficient waste management to minimize environmental impact.
 Overall Explanation:
 Emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices to ensure the longevity and responsible
use of economic resources.

Lesson 1: Introduction to Metallic Materials

 Brainstorming and Research:
 Brainstorming:
 Exploring prior knowledge about metallic materials.
 Research:
 Utilizing print or digital media to gather information on metallic materials.
 Example:
 Discussing common types of metallic materials like iron, aluminum, and copper.

Lesson 2: Checklist for Identifying Metallic Materials

 Practical Activity:
 Checklist Preparation:
 Collaborating to prepare a checklist for identifying types of metallic materials.
 Example:
 Steel: Recognizing its strength and applications in construction.

Lesson 3: Physical Properties Examination

 Group Activity:
 Physical Properties Examination:
 Conducting practical activities to examine the physical properties of metallic materials.
 Properties Examined:
 Magnetism, conductivity of heat and electricity, appearance.
 Example:
 Exploring the conductivity of copper and its relevance in electrical applications.

Lesson 4: Discussion on Physical Properties

 Group Discussion:
 Discussion:
 Engaging in a group discussion on the physical properties of metallic materials.
 Example:

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 Discussing how the physical properties make certain metallic materials suitable for specific
applications.

Lesson 5: Matching Materials to their Use

 Interactive Activity:
 Matching Activity:
 Collaborating in an interactive activity to match metallic materials to their uses.
 Example:
 Connecting aluminum to its use in aircraft manufacturing due to its lightweight properties.

Lesson 6-10: In-depth Exploration of Metallic Materials

 In-depth Study:
 Focused Study on Specific Materials:
 Distributing research responsibilities for in-depth exploration of specific metallic materials.
 Example:
 Steel: Investigating its versatility and roles in construction and automotive industries.

Key Inquiry Question:

Why are metallic materials important in day-to-day life?
 Group Discussion:
 Collaborating to discuss and understand the significance of metallic materials in various
aspects of daily life.
 Discussion Points:
 Construction:
 Essential in building structures and infrastructure.
 Transportation:
 Key component in vehicle manufacturing.
 Electronics:
 Vital for electronic devices and wiring.

Overall Understanding:
 Identification of Metallic Materials:
 Collaboratively identifying various metallic materials commonly used in a work
environment.
 Physical Properties Examination:
 Engaging in hands-on activities to understand the physical properties of metallic materials.
 Application in the Work Environment:
 Collaboratively relating metallic materials to their specific uses in the work environment.

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 Appreciation for Metallic Materials:
 Developing a collective appreciation for the importance of metallic materials in various
aspects of day-to-day life.

10 Examples of Metallic Materials in the Work Environment:

1. Steel:
 Physical Properties:
 High strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion.
 Uses:
 Construction of buildings, bridges, and infrastructure.
2. Aluminum:
 Physical Properties:
 Lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and excellent conductivity.
 Uses:
 Aircraft manufacturing, packaging, and electrical wiring.
3. Copper:
 Physical Properties:
 Excellent electrical conductivity, malleability, and corrosion resistance.
 Uses:
 Electrical wiring, plumbing, and electronic components.
4. Iron:
 Physical Properties:
 High strength, magnetic properties, and versatility.
 Uses:
 Construction, manufacturing of machinery, and automotive industry.
5. Brass:
 Physical Properties:
 Combination of copper and zinc, corrosion-resistant, and aesthetically pleasing.
 Uses:
 Musical instruments, decorative items, and plumbing fittings.
6. Bronze:
 Physical Properties:
 Combination of copper and tin, corrosion-resistant, and high strength.
 Uses:
 Sculptures, bearings, and marine applications.
7. Titanium:
 Physical Properties:
 Lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and high strength.
 Uses:
 Aerospace components, medical implants, and sports equipment.


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8. Zinc:
 Physical Properties:
 Corrosion-resistant, malleable, and conductive.
 Uses:
 Galvanizing steel, batteries, and die-casting.
9. Nickel:
 Physical Properties:
 Corrosion-resistant, magnetic properties, and high melting point.
 Uses:
 Alloying agent in stainless steel, batteries, and electronic devices.
10. Lead:
 Physical Properties:
 Dense, malleable, and corrosion-resistant.
 Uses:
 Batteries, radiation shielding, and construction.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METALLIC MATERIALS:

1. Strength:
 Ability to withstand an applied force without breaking or deforming.
2. Conductivity:
 Ability to conduct electricity or heat.
3. Magnetism:
 Ability to be attracted or repelled by a magnet.
4. Malleability:
 Ability to deform under pressure, usually into thin sheets.
5. Ductility:
 Ability to undergo significant deformation before rupture or breaking.
6. Corrosion Resistance:
 Ability to withstand deterioration due to chemical reactions with the environment.
7. Density:
 Mass per unit volume, indicating the compactness of the material.
8. Melting Point:
 Temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid.
10 Uses of Metallic Materials:
1. Construction of buildings and infrastructure.
2. Electrical wiring for power distribution.
3. Manufacturing of machinery and equipment.
4. Automotive industry for vehicle production.
5. Aerospace components for aircraft manufacturing.
6. Medical implants and equipment.
7. Plumbing fittings for water distribution.
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8. Electronic components in various devices.
9. Battery production for energy storage.
10. Marine applications for corrosion-resistant materials.
Importance of Metallic Materials:

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 POLITE NOTE!
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Simplified Notes.

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Complete Notes.

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 FOR THE FOLLOWING;
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 SUCCESS

Contact Mwalimu Consultancy 0746 222 000 / 0742 999 000 for Complete Notes.
 POLITE NOTE!
Take note that this is a Sample of the Well Organized Detailed
Simplified Notes.

Call/Text/WhatsApp 0746 222 000 / 0742 999 000 for the

Complete Notes.

Contact Mwalimu Consultancy 0746 222 000 / 0742 999 000 for Complete Notes.
FOR MORE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES,

CONTACT MR ISABOKE

0746 222 000 /0742 999 000

Contact Mwalimu Consultancy 0746 222 000 / 0742 999 000 for Complete Notes.
 FOR THE FOLLOWING;
 ONLINE TUITION
 REVISION NOTES
 SCHEMES OF WORK
 SETBOOKS VIDEOS
 TERMLY EXAMS
 QUICK REVISION KITS
 KCSE PREMOCKS
 TOP SCHOOLS PREMOCKS
 KPLEA JOINT PREMOCKS
 TOP SCHOOLS MOCKS
 KPLEA JOINT MOCKS
 KJSEA POSTMOCKS
 TOP SCHOOLS PREDICTIONS
 FINAL EXAM PREDICTIONS
 KPLEA REVEALED SETS
 KPSEA EXAMS

CALL/TEXT 0746 222 000

Contact Mwalimu Consultancy 0746 222 000 / 0742 999 000 for Complete Notes.
 [email protected]

THIS IS A PROPERTY OF MWALIMU

CONSULTANCY LTD.

Powered By Mr Isaboke

SUCCESS

Contact Mwalimu Consultancy 0746 222 000 / 0742 999 000 for Complete Notes.