GAMBELA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
Examination answer sheet cover page

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Exam code: WRIE-001 Exam date: June, 2024
 Time allowed: 60 minutes Exam type: model
 Academic year: 2023/24 Section: G5WRIE

1. The chlorination of water removes

A. Hardness C. Bacteria
B. Sediments D. Suspended solids
2. In water distribution lines, the drain valves are provided at
A. Higher points C. Junction point
B. Lower point D. Starting point
3. Hardness of water can be removed by boiling if it is due to
A. Calcium bicarbonates
B. Calcium sulphates
C. Calcium chloride
D. Calcium nitrates
4. Which of the following statement is wrong?
A. In sprinkler irrigation, land leveling is not essential.
B. The uniformity of sprinkler applications can be affected by wind and water pressure.
C. Provide opportunity to minimized water losses.
D. The performance efficiencies are less than the gravity irrigation systems.
5. The following are the advantages of sprinkler system, except.
A. It provides better control over water application.
B. Winds can disturb the water distribution that causes uneven irrigation.
C. Reduced labor requirement need irrigation.
D. It can be used when topography is irregular.
6. Which of the following statement is not true about drip irrigation?
A. Drip irrigation is suited for water applied close to plants.

WRIE Page 1
Model Exam 2024

B. Water is applied in the form of drops.

C. It can be used for heavy irrigation.
D. Is method of localized slow application of water to plant root-zone at lower pressure.

7. In sprinkler irrigation system, the required total capacity of the system is 0.6m3/s. Determine
the pump capacity. Assume that head loss in pipe and bend and velocity head required is
2.5m of water.
A. 19.7 C. 1.5
B. 14.72 D. 12.91
8. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
A. Maximum daily water demand: design of distribution main
B. Maximum hourly water demand: design of transmission main
C. Maximum hourly demand: design of water treatment plant
D. Maximum daily demand: design of transmission main
9. Which of the following is not a cause of water scarcity?
A. Growing population.
B. Exploited underground water.
C. Afforestation.
D. Roof top rainwater harvesting techniques.
10. The need for conservation of water has arisen due to
A. Increased water demand.
B. Increased population.
C. Increased need for industrialization and irrigation.
D. All the above.
11. We need to conserve water because:
A. Water resources are over-exploited
B. Irrigation utilizes more than 90% of the total fresh water
C. Over population leads to water scarcity
D. All of the above
12. Which of the following is the most suitable application of rainwater harvesting?
A. Cooking

WRIE Page 2
Model Exam 2024

B. Irrigation
C. Water for pets
D. Use for industrial purposes

13. Cross regulators are utilized to

A. Increase the water level at u/s when main canal is running with low supplies.
B. Control the sediment entering an off take.
C. Dispose excess supply from the main channel into the drainage.
D. Control the silt load in the main canal
14. Which factor does Poiseuille's equation for laminar flow through a pipe depend on?
A. Pipe diameter C. Fluid viscosity
B. Fluid density D. Pipe length
15. What is the main factor that determines whether flow through a pipe is laminar or turbulent?
A. Fluid density C. Reynolds number
B. Pipe material D. Pipe roughness
16. Which of the following is a characteristic of turbulent flow through a pipe?
A. Smooth velocity profiles C. Laminar flow patterns
B. High resistance to flow D. Low mixing between fluid layers
17. Which factor affects the head loss due to friction in pipe flow?
A. Pipe diameter C. Reynolds number
B. Fluid density D. Pipe roughness
18. Which of the following factors affects the transition from laminar to turbulent flow?
A. Fluid viscosity C. Temperature gradient
B. Reynolds number D. Surface tension
19. What is the primary cause of turbulent flow?
A. High fluid viscosity
B. Low fluid velocity
C. Smooth flow surfaces
D. Instabilities in fluid motion
20. What is effective rain fall in hydrology?
A. It is the part of rain fall that becomes direct runoff

WRIE Page 3
Model Exam 2024

B. A portion of rainfall that is neither retained on the surface nor infiltrated in the soil, but
joins stream
C. It is the part of rain fall that moves in the soil to join ground water table
D. A&B
21. Which of the following is a physiographic factor that affects flood hydrograph?
A. Storm characteristics C. Drainage density
B. Evapotranspiration D. Rainfall intensity.
22. are data points that depart significantly from the trend of the remaining data
A. Skewness C. Outliers
B. Return periods D. Kurtosis
23. Which method of flood routing utilizes both continuity equation and the equation of motion
for unsteady flow?
A. Hydrologic routing C. Hydraulic routing
B. Reservoir routing D. Storage routing
24. Which of the following is true about urban hydrology?
A. Increased base flow C. Runoff coefficient is lower
B. Less time of concentration D. Increased water quality
25. Cracks developed in the body of dam section can be avoided by
A. Contraction joints C. Transverse joints
B. Construction joints D. Longitudinal joints
26. What is the main characteristic of turbulent flow?
A. Predictable fluid motion C. Smooth velocity profiles
B. High resistance to flow D. Low mixing between fluid layers
27. Which flow regime is more likely to occur at high Reynolds numbers?
A. Laminar flow C. Turbulent flow
B. Transitional flow D. Steady flow
28. What is the Reynolds number used to characterize the fluid flow?
A. Fluid density C. Fluid velocity
B. Fluid viscosity D. Flow regime
29. Which of the following methods can be used to measure the flow rate in a pipe directly?
A. Pitot tube B. Orifice plate

WRIE Page 4
Model Exam 2024

C. Venturi meter D. Rotameter

30. Which of the following is difference from other?
A. Snow C. Rainfall
B. Drizzle D. None
31. Which one of the following types of rainfall occurs due to pressure difference?
A. Convectional C. Frontal
B. Orographic D. Cyclonic
32. The process in which water seeps in the soil is called .
A. Infiltration C. Interflow
B. Percolation D. Base flow
33. What is the primary purpose of a drainage system in Irrigation engineering projects?
A. To provide irrigation to crops
B. To supply drinking water to communities
C. To remove excess water from soil and surfaces
D. To store water for future use
34. Which of the following is a component of a subsurface drainage system?
A. Open ditches C. French drains
B. Catch basins D. Culverts
35. What is the term for the slope or gradient of a drainage pipe?
A. Infiltration rate C. Hydraulic conductivity
B. Permeability D. Longitudinal slope
36. In urban drainage systems, what is the function of a detention basin?
A. To collect and store rainwater for reuse
B. To temporarily store excess runoff and release it at a controlled rate
C. To filter pollutants from stormwater
D. To recharge groundwater
37. Which method is commonly used to determine the capacity of a stormwater drainage system?
A. Rational method
B. Darcy-Weisbach equation
C. Manning's equation
D. Bernoulli's equation

WRIE Page 5
Model Exam 2024

38. Is a sanitation system that ensures the recovery of waste by separating urine and faeces
in view of their reuse as a fertilizer for growth of agricultural crops?
A. Onsite sanitation systems C. Ecological sanitation systems
B. Offsite sanitation systems D. All
39. Which one of the following statement is correct
A. Water supply start at the point where sanitation end
B. Water supply and sanitation are parallel
C. Sanitation start at point where water supply end
D. Water supply and sanitation are revers in nature
40. Why most water supply projects are unsuccessful and fail in Ethiopia context.
A. Same design criteria considered irrespective of location
B. Different technical approach used by different designers
C. Inclusion of social and economic conditions
D. Lack of technical experience
41. Which one of the following is not home refuse disposal techniques
A. Burning C. Dumping
B. Composting D. Land filling
42. The moisture held by a well-drained soil against gravity drainage by the force of surface
tension between the soil grains and water drops is called .
A. Capillary water
B. Hygroscopic water
C. Field capacity water
D. Water of adhesion
43. Which type of flow is characterized by smooth and orderly fluid motion in parallel layers
with minimal mixing between layers?
A. Turbulent flow C. Transitional flow
B. Laminar flow D. Irregular flow
44. Available moisture for a crop is equal to .
A. Field capacity- Permanent wilting point
B. Field capacity- Hygroscopic water
C. Hygroscopic water- Field capacity

WRIE Page 6
Model Exam 2024

D. Capillary water- Hygroscopic water

45. The frequency of irrigation is dependent upon the type of:
A. Soil, crop and climate C. Soil and climate
B. Soil and crop D. All of the above
46. In the flood irrigation, the preferred method of applying irrigation water to the comparatively
steeper rolling land is .
A. Wild flooding C. Border flooding
B. Check flooding D. Basin flooding
47. The fields enclosed by dikes where rice is growing are called .
A. Basins C. Furrows
B. Paddies D. Beds
48. In pressure supply mains, water hammer pressure is reduced by providing
A. Sluice valves C. Pressure relief valves
B. Air valves D. None of these
49. When the reduced level of the water source is higher than the reduced level of the consumer's
place, water is generally supplied
A. By pumping system C. Both (A) and (B)
B. By gravitational system D. All the above
50. For a given discharge, the efficiency of a sedimentation tank can be increased by
A. Increasing the depth C. Increasing the surface area
B. Decreasing the depth D. Decreasing the surface area
51. For unplanned haphazard developed city, the water distribution lines are laid in
A. Radial system C. Dead end system
B. Grid iron system D. Ring system
52. In a canal head regulator, the maximum height of the gate opening is equal to the difference
between the .
A. Pond level and sill level of the regulator.
B. HFL and sill level of the regulator.
C. HFL of the river and FSL of the canal.
D. Pond level and FSL of the canal.

WRIE Page 7
Model Exam 2024

53. The ratio of total volume of water delivered to a crop to the area on which it has been spread
is called _______.
A. Critical depth C. Delta
B. Duty D. Base
54. Which is the flood control reservoir from the following
A. Detention basin C. Weir
B. Dam D. Barrage
55. The volume of water held by a natural stream channel is known as
A. Bank storage C. Valley storage
B. Useful Storage D. Surcharge storage
56. The volume of water held below the minimum pool level is called
A. Live storage C. Flood storage
B. Dead storage D. Bank storage
57. ____is a meant to absorb a part of flood water and the excess is discharged through spillway.
A. Weir C. Reservoir
B. Barrage D. Intake structure
58. The different between MWL and FSL in a reservoir is called
A. Surcharge storage C. Bank storage
B. Free board D. Live storage
59. A portion of dam in contact with the ground at upstream side is
A. Crest C. Heel
B. Toe D. Free board
60. Recuperation test is done to find
A. pH- value C. Stream flow
B. Turbidity D. Yield of well

GOOD LUCK!!!!
WRIE Page 8