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Basic-Calculus-Q4-Week-2-LAS-final

This document is a learning activity sheet for Basic Calculus covering derivatives of algebraic, exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and inverse trigonometric functions, as well as the Extreme Value Theorem. It includes differentiation rules, example problems, and activities for students to apply what they have learned. The sheet also emphasizes the importance of continuous functions and critical points in finding maximum and minimum values.

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Gian Sorongon
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

Basic-Calculus-Q4-Week-2-LAS-final

This document is a learning activity sheet for Basic Calculus covering derivatives of algebraic, exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and inverse trigonometric functions, as well as the Extreme Value Theorem. It includes differentiation rules, example problems, and activities for students to apply what they have learned. The sheet also emphasizes the importance of continuous functions and critical points in finding maximum and minimum values.

Uploaded by

Gian Sorongon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BASIC CALCULUS LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SY 2021-2022 2nd Semester Quarter 4 Week 2


Derivative of Algebraic, Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Derivative of Trigonometric Functions and Inverse Trigonometric Functions
EXTREME VALUE THEOREM

Name of Learner: _____________________________________ Grade Level:_______________________


Section:_____________________________ Date:_________________ Score:___________________
Background Information for Learners:
This activity sheet serves as your self- learning guide in learning the competencies for this
lesson. This will help you understand derivative of algebraic, exponential and logarithmic
functions, derivative of trigonometric functions and inverse trigonometric functions, and extreme
value theorem

I. Derivative of Algebraic, Exponential and Logarithmic Functions


In today's lesson, we will learn how to determine derivative in a more manageable way and that is through the process of
differentiation .Differentiation is the process of finding the derivative. As the word imply, differentiating means taking
the derivative of a function. As such, we shall call a function differentiable at c if f ' ( c ) exists.
The procedure of finding a derivative directly from a formula of the function (without referring to a graph ) is called
Differential Calculus. In this lesson, we will use some rules in finding the derivatives of Algebraic,
Exponential and Logarithmic Functions. We will start by getting familiar with the symbols associated with the process of
differentiation or finding the derivative of a given function.

DIFFERENTIATION RULES
I. DERIVATIVE OF A CONSTANT FUNCTION :
The graph of a horizontal function is a horizontal line, and a horizontal line has zero slope. Recall that the derivative
measures the slope of the tangent line, and so the derivative of a constant term is zero.
Example : y = 300,000 then the 1st derivative is y’ = 0

II. DERIVATIVE OF A POWER FUNCTION :


A function of the form : y = xn where n is a real number, is called a power function. In general, this is called the POWER
RULE :
1

II. CONSTANT MULTIPLE RULE :


States that the derivative of a constant times a differentiable function is the constant times the
derivative of the function.
If y = k f ( x ) where k is constant ( k is the numerical coefficient of the function of x ) ; then : y ‘
=k•f‘(x)
2

IV. SUM / DIFFERENCE RULE


Given two differentiable functions g and h, if y = g ( x )  h ( x ), then :
y ' = g' ( x )  h' ( x )
3

IV. PRODUCT RULE AND QUOTIENT RULE


Keep in mind that multiplying the derivative of one factor to the derivative of another factor is
NOT the rule in finding the product of two given functions. Instead we are going to use this

Given : y = f ( x ) • g ( x )
formula :
Let u = f ( x ) and v = g ( x ); then y = uv

Product Rule : y’ = udv + vdu


On the other hand, the derivative of a quotient is NOT equal to the quotient of their derivatives.
To determine the derivative of the quotient of two functions we follow this rule :
DERIVATIVE OF EXPONENTIAL AND LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS
In the previous study of the different function graphs you have learned that exponential
functions play an important role in modeling population growth and the decay of radioactive materials. Logarithmic
functions can help
rescale large quantities and are particularly helpful for rewriting complicated expressions. Just as when we found the
derivatives of algebraic functions, we can also find the derivatives of exponential and logarithmic functions using
formulas.

DIFFERENTIATION FORMULAS : 4 EXPONENTIAL AND LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS


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II. Derivative of Trigonometric Functions and Inverse
Trigonometric Functions
Let us recall the basic trigonometric functions and their reciprocals :
sin x ; csc x
cos x ; sec x
tan x ; cot x
The derivative formula that tells us how to get the derivative of a specific algebraic function as given :

We will derive a formula for the derivative of the function sin x. We begin with using the principle in the limit definition
of derivative which was discussed in the previous lessons.
The same principle and the same procedures were used to get the derivative formula for cosine, however in the cosine
formula we applied the cosine sum identity : cos ( A + B ) = cos A cos B – sin A sin B .By algebraic manipulation, the
equation will be reduced to

If Dx stands for derivative, then :


DIFFERENTIATION FORMULAS FOR TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS:

DERIVATIVE OF INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS


The derivative of an inverse of a function :
7

DIFFERENTIATION FORMULAS FOR INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS


III. EXTREME VALUE THEOREM
Let f be a function which is continuous on a closed and bounded interval[ a, b ]. Then the extreme values ( maximum
and minimum ) of f always exist, and they occur either at the endpoints or at the critical points of f. A critical point
of a function of a single real variable f ( x ), is a value x0 in the domain of f where it is not differentiable or its
derivative is 0, that is f ′ (x0)= 0. To obtain this, we take the derivative of f and equate the result to zero. We say that
an extremum of f occurs at x if either the maximum or the minimum occurs at x.
If a point is the highest among all the points in the graph, then it is immediately the highest point among its
neighboring points. It is important to stress the assumptions of the Extreme Value Theorem.
The function f must be continuous on an interval that is closed and bounded. To illustrate this, consider the
following :
➢ A parabola f ( x ) = x2 defined on R. It indeed has a minimum point at the origin, but it does not have a maximum (
since the values go to infinity as x approaches ± ∞ ). The conclusion of the Extreme Value Theorem fails because

➢ The function f ( x ) = │ x │ if x є [ –1, 0 ) ∪ ( 0, 1 ] and if x = 0. Even if f is defined on the closed and bounded
even if f is continuous, the interval on which it is defined is not bounded.

interval [ –1, 1], the function is not continuous there. So, the conclusion fails. As we see from the graph, f has a
maximum occurring at x = –1, 0, 1 but does not possess a minimum because the value 0 is not attained.
To find the maximum or minimum values or points of a continuous function on a given interval we may consider
the following steps :
 Find the derivative of the given function and then let f ‘ ( x ) = 0.
 The values of x when f ‘ ( x ) = 0 are the critical points of the function.
 Get the functional values at the endpoints and at the critical points.
 Compare the values. The highest one is the maximum value while the lowest one is the minimum value.

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Learning Competencies with Codes :

1. Apply the differentiation rules in computing the derivative of an algebraic, exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric
functions and inverse trigonometric functions TEM_BC11D-IIIf-3
2. Illustrate the Extreme Value Theorem

Direction: Answer the ff. activities. Write only necessary solutions. All final answers must be written in the
provided space. As much as possible do not use extra paper.

Activity 1: Apply differentiation rules in finding the derivative of the given functions.
Express your final answers in simplest form

1 2
1.) y= 5 ___________________ 2.) f ( x )= ___________________
x √x

9
3
1+4 x
3.) g ( x )=( 2 x )3 ___________________ 4.) y= ___________________
3

Activity 2: Show your solutions:

Find the derivative as indicated


1) y = 3 cos x + 2 sin x ; find y΄

3π
2) f ( t ) = t sin t ; find f΄ 2 ( )

Activity 3: Show your solutions: Find the extrema of the given function on the given interval.
Determine the value of x at which the extrema occur.

1) f ( x ) = –3x2 + 4x3 + 3 - 6x on [ –1, 1 ]

Reflection:
1. The 'd' in the derivative symbols stands for 'change'. As an individual, each one of you would strive for ‘change’
to be the best person that you can be. Bear in mind that just like 'derivatives' there are rules to pursue to bring
about these changes that you want to happen .At present, what are the ‘rules to follow’ that you enjoy doing in
the hope of achieving these changes in your life? Write your answer in not more than 5 sentences

References for Learners:

This Learning Activity Sheets was adapted from the Self Learning Modules which is published by the
Department of Education Division of Pasig City.

Prepared by:

ANNABEL J. PERLADO Checked by:


Subject Teacher`
Mary Grace E Zamora
Master Teacher II

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