Download Full Version ebook - Visit ebooknice.

com

(Ebook) Learn LLVM 17: A beginner's guide to

learning LLVM compiler tools and core libraries
with C++ by Nacke, Kai, Kwan, Amy ISBN
9781837631346, 1837631344
https://ebooknice.com/product/learn-llvm-17-a-beginner-s-
guide-to-learning-llvm-compiler-tools-and-core-libraries-
with-c-55419004

Click the button below to download

DOWLOAD EBOOK

Discover More Ebook - Explore Now at ebooknice.com

 Instant digital products (PDF, ePub, MOBI) ready for you
Download now and discover formats that fit your needs...

Start reading on any device today!

(Ebook) Learn LLVM 17 by Kai Nacke & Amy Kwan

https://ebooknice.com/product/learn-llvm-17-55331504

ebooknice.com

(Ebook) Learn LLVM 17, 2nd Edition by Kai Nacke, Amy Kwan
ISBN 274020d4-04f3-4c65-87ea-ce69f777a766,
274020D4-04F3-4C65-87EA-CE69F777A766
https://ebooknice.com/product/learn-llvm-17-2nd-edition-54902326

ebooknice.com

(Ebook) Biota Grow 2C gather 2C cook by Loucas, Jason;

Viles, James ISBN 9781459699816, 9781743365571,
9781925268492, 1459699815, 1743365578, 1925268497
https://ebooknice.com/product/biota-grow-2c-gather-2c-cook-6661374

ebooknice.com

(Ebook) Matematik 5000+ Kurs 2c Lärobok by Lena

Alfredsson, Hans Heikne, Sanna Bodemyr ISBN 9789127456600,
9127456609
https://ebooknice.com/product/matematik-5000-kurs-2c-larobok-23848312

ebooknice.com
(Ebook) SAT II Success MATH 1C and 2C 2002 (Peterson's SAT
II Success) by Peterson's ISBN 9780768906677, 0768906679

https://ebooknice.com/product/sat-ii-success-
math-1c-and-2c-2002-peterson-s-sat-ii-success-1722018

ebooknice.com

(Ebook) Getting Started with LLVM Core Libraries by Bruno

Cardoso Lopes, Rafael Auler ISBN 9781782166924, 1782166920

https://ebooknice.com/product/getting-started-with-llvm-core-
libraries-50300396

ebooknice.com

(Ebook) Master SAT II Math 1c and 2c 4th ed (Arco Master

the SAT Subject Test: Math Levels 1 & 2) by Arco ISBN
9780768923049, 0768923042
https://ebooknice.com/product/master-sat-ii-math-1c-and-2c-4th-ed-
arco-master-the-sat-subject-test-math-levels-1-2-2326094

ebooknice.com

(Ebook) Cambridge IGCSE and O Level History Workbook 2C -

Depth Study: the United States, 1919-41 2nd Edition by
Benjamin Harrison ISBN 9781398375147, 9781398375048,
1398375144, 1398375047
https://ebooknice.com/product/cambridge-igcse-and-o-level-history-
workbook-2c-depth-study-the-united-states-1919-41-2nd-edition-53538044

ebooknice.com

(Ebook) Red Hat Linux Administration - A Beginner 27s

Guide by Michael Turner, Steve Shah ISBN 9780072226317,
0072226315
https://ebooknice.com/product/red-hat-linux-administration-a-
beginner-27s-guide-1207238

ebooknice.com
Learn LLVM 17
Copyright © 2024 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, without
the prior written permission of the publisher, except
in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical
articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this
book to ensure the accuracy of the information
presented. However, the information contained in
this book is sold without warranty, either express or
implied. Neither the authors, nor Packt Publishing or
its dealers and distributors, will be held liable for any
damages caused or alleged to have been caused
directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide
trademark information about all of the companies
and products mentioned in this book by the
appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt
Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this
information.
Group Product Manager: Kunal Sawant
Publishing Product Manager: Teny Thomas
Book Project Manager: Prajakta Naik
Senior Editor: Ruvika Rao and Nithya Sadanandan
Technical Editor: Jubit Pincy
Copy Editor: Safis Editing
Indexer: Pratik Shirodkar
Production Designer: Vijay Kamble
DevRel Marketing Coordinator: Shrinidhi
Manoharan
Business Development Executive: Kriti Sharma
First published: April 2021
Second published: January 2024
Production reference: 1271223
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
Grosvenor House
11 St Paul’s Square
Birmingham
B3 1R.
ISBN 978-1-83763-134-6
www.packtpub.com
Writing a book takes time and energy. Without
the support and understanding of my wife, Tanya,
and my daughter Polina, this book would not
have been possible. Thank you both for always
encouraging me!
Because of some personal challenges, this project
was at risk, and I am grateful to Amy for joining
me as an author. Without her, the book would not
be as good as it is now.
Once again, the team at Packt not only provided
guidance on my writing but also showed an
understanding of my slow writing, and always
motivated me to carry on. I owe them a great
thank you.
- Kai Nacke
2023 has been a very transformative year for me,
and contributing my knowledge of LLVM to this
book has been one of the reasons why this year
has been so significant. I never would have
thought that I would be approached by Kai to
embark on this exciting journey to share LLVM 17
with you all! Thank you to Kai, for his technical
mentorship and guidance, the team at Packt,
and, of course, to my family and close loved ones
for providing me with the support and motivation
in writing this book.
 - Amy Kwan

Contributors

About the authors

Kai Nacke is a professional IT architect currently
residing in Toronto, Canada. He holds a diploma in
computer science from the Technical University of
Dortmund, Germany. and his diploma thesis on
universal hash functions was recognized as the best
of the semester.
With over 20 years of experience in the IT industry,
Kai has extensive expertise in the development and
architecture of business and enterprise applications.
In his current role, he evolves an LLVM/clang-based
compiler.
For several years, Kai served as the maintainer of
LDC, the LLVM-based D compiler. He is the author of
D Web Development and Learn LLVM 12, both
published by Packt. In the past, he was a speaker in
the LLVM developer room at the Free and Open
Source Software Developers’ European
Meeting (FOSDEM).
Amy Kwan is a compiler developer currently
residing in Toronto, Canada. Originally, from the
Canadian prairies, Amy holds a Bachelor of Science in
Computer Science from the University of
Saskatchewan. In her current role, she leverages
LLVM technology as a backend compiler developer.
Previously, Amy has been a speaker at the LLVM
Developer Conference in 2022 alongside Kai
Nacke.

About the reviewers

Akash Kothari is a Research Assistant at the Illinois
LLVM Compiler Research Lab. He earned his Ph.D. in
Computer Science from the University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign. Specializing in performance
engineering, program synthesis, and formal
semantics and verification, Akash’s interests extend
to exploring the history of computing and
programming systems.
Shuo Niu, a Master of Engineering in computer
engineering, is a dynamic force in the realm of
compiler technology. With five prolific years at Intel
PSG specializing in FPGA HLD compilers, he led
innovations in the compiler middle-end optimizer. His
expertise in developing cutting-edge features has
empowered users to achieve remarkable
performance enhancements on FPGA boards.
Table of Contents

Preface
Part 1: The Basics of Compiler
Construction with LLVM

Installing LLVM
Compiling LLVM versus installing
binaries
Getting the prerequisites ready
Ubuntu
Fedora and RedHat
FreeBSD
OS X
Windows
Cloning the repository and building from
source
Configuring Git
Cloning the repository
Creating a build directory
Generating the build system files
Compiling and installing LLVM
Customizing the build process
Variables defined by CMake
Using LLVM-defined build configuration
variables
Summary

The Structure of a Compiler

Building blocks of a compiler
An arithmetic expression language
Formalism for specifying the syntax of a
programming language
How does grammar help the compiler
writer?
Lexical analysis
A hand-written lexer
Syntactical analysis
A hand-written parser
The abstract syntax tree
Semantic analysis
Generating code with the LLVM backend
Textual representation of LLVM IR
Generating the IR from the AST
The missing pieces – the driver and the
runtime library
Summary
Part 2: From Source to Machine
Code Generation

Turning the Source File into an

Abstract Syntax Tree
Defining a real programming language
Creating the project layout
Managing the input files for the
compiler
Handling messages for the user
Structuring the lexer
Constructing a recursive descent parser
Performing semantic analysis
Handling the scope of names
Using an LLVM-style RTTI for the AST
Creating the semantic analyzer
Summary
4

Basics of IR Code Generation

Generating IR from the AST
Understanding the IR code
Learning about the load-and-store
approach
Mapping the control flow to basic blocks
Using AST numbering to generate IR
code in SSA form
Defining the data structure to hold
values
Reading and writing values local to a
basic block
Searching the predecessor blocks for a
value
Optimizing the generated phi
instructions
Sealing a block
Creating the IR code for expressions
Emitting the IR code for a function
Controlling visibility with linkage and
name mangling
Converting a type from an AST
description into LLVM types
Creating the LLVM IR function
Emitting the function body
Setting up the module and the driver
Wrapping all in the code generator
Initializing the target machine class
Emitting assembler text and object code
Summary

IR Generation for High-Level

Language Constructs
Technical requirements
Working with arrays, structs, and
pointers
Getting the application binary interface
right
Creating IR code for classes and virtual
functions
Implementing single inheritance
Extending single inheritance with
interfaces
Adding support for multiple inheritance
Summary

Advanced IR Generation
Throwing and catching exceptions
Raising an exception
Catching an exception
Integrating the exception handling code
into the application
Generating metadata for type-based
alias analysis
Understanding the need for additional
metadata
Creating TBAA metadata in LLVM
Adding TBAA metadata to tinylang
Adding debug metadata
Understanding the general structure of
debug metadata
Tracking variables and their values
Adding line numbers
Adding debug support to tinylang
Summary

Optimizing IR
Technical requirements
The LLVM pass manager
Implementing a new pass
Developing the ppprofiler pass as a
plugin
Adding the pass to the LLVM source tree
Using the ppprofiler pass with LLVM
tools
Adding an optimization pipeline to your
compiler
Creating an optimization pipeline
Extending the pass pipeline
Summary
Part 3: Taking LLVM to the Next
Level

The TableGen Language

Technical requirements
Understanding the TableGen language
Experimenting with the TableGen
language
Defining records and classes
Creating multiple records at once with
multiclasses
Simulating function calls
Generating C++ code from a TableGen
file
Defining data in the TableGen language
Implementing a TableGen backend
Drawbacks of TableGen
Summary

JIT Compilation
Technical requirements
LLVM’s overall JIT implementation and
use cases
Using JIT compilation for direct
execution
Exploring the lli tool
Implementing our own JIT compiler with
LLJIT
Integrating the LLJIT engine into the
calculator
Code generation changes to support JIT
compilation via LLJIT
Building an LLJIT-based calculator
Building a JIT compiler class from
scratch
Creating a JIT compiler class
Using our new JIT compiler class
Summary

10

Debugging Using LLVM Tools

Technical requirements
Instrumenting an application with
sanitizers
Detecting memory access problems with
the address sanitizer
Finding uninitialized memory accesses
with the memory sanitizer
Pointing out data races with the thread
sanitizer
Finding bugs with libFuzzer
Limitations and alternatives
Performance profiling with XRay
Checking the source with the clang
static analyzer
Adding a new checker to the clang static
analyzer
Creating your own clang-based tool
Summary
Part 4: Roll Your Own Backend

11

The Target Description

Setting the stage for a new backend
Adding the new architecture to the
Triple class
Extending the ELF file format definition
in LLVM
Creating the target description
Adding the register definition
Defining the instruction formats and the
instruction information
Creating the top-level file for the target
description
Adding the M88k backend to LLVM
Implementing the assembler parser
Creating the disassembler
Summary
12

Instruction Selection
Defining the rules of the calling
convention
Implementing the rules of the calling
convention
Instruction selection via the selection
DAG
Implementing DAG lowering – handling
legal types and setting operations
Implementing DAG lowering – lowering
formal arguments
Implementing DAG lowering – lowering
return values
Implementing DAG-to-DAG
transformations within instruction
selection
Adding register and instruction
information
Putting an empty frame lowering in
place
Emitting machine instructions
Creating the target machine and the
sub-target
Implementing M88kSubtarget
Implementing M88kTargetMachine –
defining the definitions
Implementing M88kTargetMachine –
adding the implementation
Global instruction selection
Lowering arguments and return values
Legalizing the generic machine
instructions
Selecting a register bank for operands
Translating generic machine instructions
Running an example
How to further evolve the backend
Summary

13

Beyond Instruction Selection

Adding a new machine function pass to
LLVM
Implementing the top-level interface for
the M88k target
Adding the TargetMachine
implementation for machine function
passes
Developing the specifics of the machine
function pass
Building newly implemented machine
function passes
A glimpse of running a machine function
pass with llc
Integrating a new target into the clang
frontend
Implementing the driver integration
within clang
Implementing ABI support for M88k
within clang
Implementing the toolchain support for
M88k within clang
Building the M88k target with clang
integration
Targeting a different CPU architecture
Summary

Index

Other Books You May Enjoy

Random documents with unrelated
content Scribd suggests to you:
extracted large quantities of practically every known radioactive
isotope from it. Everybody was happy.
But they wanted badly to talk to Bud Gregory—and they couldn't.
When FBI men went to urge him imperatively to come to Washington,
he had disappeared. He had bought one of the eight cars in his repair
shop for twenty-five dollars, repaired it by some magic of his own and
gone off with his wife and children.
He was undoubtedly a motor-tramp, roaming the highways
contentedly or sitting in magnificent somnolence, waiting until he felt
like working or moving on. Incredible riches awaited him if he was
ever found and consented to work.
Neither event seemed likely.
But Murfree was in the oddest situation of all. He couldn't be officially
praised for what he did on leave. Nor could he be required to give up
the gadget he bought from Bud Gregory. And that gadget was
useless. It worked, but nobody understood it, and every attempt to
duplicate it had failed. Duplicates simply didn't do anything. Murfree is
still studying it.
But he did gain something, after all. His wife and small daughter are
likely to keep on living and he was promoted a grade in the Civil
Service. Now he gets forty-seven hundred a year.
 *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE
GREGORY CIRCLE ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will
be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S.

copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in
these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it
in the United States without permission and without paying copyright
royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of
this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept
and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and
may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the
terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of
the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for
copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very
easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as
creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research.
Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given
away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with
eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject
to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
 PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free

distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or
any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full
Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at
www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and

Redistributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works
1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree
to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or
destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your
possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a
Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be
bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from
the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in
paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be

used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people
who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a
few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic
works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.
See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with
Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this
agreement and help preserve free future access to Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.
1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the
Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the
collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the
individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the
United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in
the United States and you are located in the United States, we do
not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing,
performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the
work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of
course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™
mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely
sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of
this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name
associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of
this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its
attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without
charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also
govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most
countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the
United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms
of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying,
performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this
work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes
no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in
any country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other

immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must
appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™
work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or
with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is
accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed:
 This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away
or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License
included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you
are not located in the United States, you will have to check the
laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived

from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a
notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright
holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the
United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are
redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must
comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through
1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project
Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted

with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted
with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of
this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project

Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a
part of this work or any other work associated with Project
Gutenberg™.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this

electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg™ License.
1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form,
including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you
provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work
in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in
the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website
(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense
to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means
of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain
Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the
full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,

performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing

access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
provided that:

• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the
method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The
fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark,
but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty
payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on
which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your
periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked
as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information
about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation.”

• You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who

notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that
s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™
License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all
 copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and
discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project
Gutenberg™ works.

• You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of

any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in
the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90
days of receipt of the work.

• You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™

electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of
the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set
forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend

considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe
and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating
the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may
be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to,
incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a
copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or
damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer
codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except

for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph
1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner
of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party
distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this
agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and
expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO
REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF
WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE
FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY
DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE
TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL,
PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE
NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you

discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it,
you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by
sending a written explanation to the person you received the work
from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must
return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity
that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a
replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work
electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to
give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in
lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may
demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the
problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in
paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO
OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied

warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted
by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the
Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the
Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any
volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution
of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability,
costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or
indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur:
(a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b)
alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project
Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of

Project Gutenberg™
Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.
It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and
donations from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the

assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will
remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a
secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future
generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help,
see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at
www.gutenberg.org.

Section 3. Information about the Project

Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws.

The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West,

Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up
to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website
and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to

the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation
Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without
widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can
be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the
widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small
donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax
exempt status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating

charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and
keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in
locations where we have not received written confirmation of
compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of
compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate.

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where

we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no
prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in
such states who approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make

any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of
other ways including checks, online payments and credit card
donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About Project

Gutenberg™ electronic works
Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be
freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of
volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed

editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™,

including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how
to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
Welcome to our website – the ideal destination for book lovers and
knowledge seekers. With a mission to inspire endlessly, we offer a
vast collection of books, ranging from classic literary works to
specialized publications, self-development books, and children's
literature. Each book is a new journey of discovery, expanding
knowledge and enriching the soul of the reade

Our website is not just a platform for buying books, but a bridge
connecting readers to the timeless values of culture and wisdom. With
an elegant, user-friendly interface and an intelligent search system,
we are committed to providing a quick and convenient shopping
experience. Additionally, our special promotions and home delivery
services ensure that you save time and fully enjoy the joy of reading.

Let us accompany you on the journey of exploring knowledge and

personal growth!

ebooknice.com