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1. A square field of side 65 m and rectangular field of length 75 m have the same perimeter. Which
field has a larger area and by how much?
Solution:

Given,
Side of a square field = 65 m
So, perimeter = 4 × Side
= 4 × 65
= 260 m
Now, perimeter of a rectangular field = 260 m
And given, length (l) = 75 m
Perimeter of rectangle = 2(l + b)
⇒ 260 = 2(75 + b)
260 = 150 + 2b
2b = 260 – 150
b = 110/2 = 55 m
Then,
Area of square field = (side)2
= (65)2 m2
= 4225 m2
And, area of rectangular field = l × b
= 75 × 55 m
= 4125 m2
Hence, it is clear that area of square field is greater.
Difference = 4225 – 4125
= 100 m2

2. The shape of a top surface of table is a trapezium. Find the area if its parallel sides are 1.5 m
and 2.5 m and perpendicular distance between them is 0.8 m.
Solution:

Shape of the top of a table is trapezium and parallel sides are 1.5 m and
2.5 m and the perpendicular distance between them = 0.8m
Hence,
Area = ½ × (Sum of parallel sides) × height
= ½ × (1.5 + 2.5) × 0.8
= ½ × 4 × 0.8 m2
= 1.6 m2

3. The length and breadth of a hall of a school are 26 m and 22 m respectively. If one student
requires 1.1 sq. m area, then find the maximum number of students to be seated in this hall.
Solution:

Given, length of a school hall (l) = 26 m and breadth (b) = 22 m

So, area = l × b
= 26 × 22 m2
= 572 m2
One student requires 1.1 sq. m area
Hence, number of students = 572/1.1
= (572 × 10)/11
= 520 students

5. Find the area of the shaded portion in the following figures all measurements are given in cm.

Solution:

(i) Outer length = 30 cm

Breadth = 10 cm
Side of each rectangle of the corner (l) = (30 - 18)/ 2 = 6 cm
and b = (10 – 6)/2 = 4/2 = 2 cm
So,
Area of 4 comer = (6 × 2) × 4
= 48 cm2
And area of inner rectangle = 18 × 6
= 108 cm2
Therefore,
Area of shaded portion = 108 + 48 = 156cm2

(ii) Area of rectangle I = 4 × 2 = 8 cm2

Area of rectangle II = 4 × 1 = 4 cm2
Area of rectangle III = 6 × l = 6 cm2
and area of square IV = 1 × 1 = 1 Cm2
∴ Total area of shaded portion = 8 + 4 + 6 + 1 = 19 cm2

6. Area of a trapezium is 160 sq. cm. Lengths of parallel sides are in the ratio 1:3. If smaller of the
parallel sides is 10 cm in length, then find the perpendicular distance between them.
Solution:

Given,
Area of trapezium = 160 cm2
Ratio of the length of its parallel sides = 1 : 3
Smaller parallel side = 10 cm
Then,
Length of greater side = 10 × 3 = 30 cm
Now, distance between them = h

7. The area of a trapezium is 729 cm2 and the distance between two parallel sides is 18 cm. If one
of its parallel sides is 3 cm shorter than the other parallel side, find the lengths of its parallel sides.
Solution:

Given,
Area of a trapezium = 729 cm2
Distance between two parallel sides (Altitude) = 18 cm
So, the sum of parallel sides = (Area × 2)/ Altitude
= (729 × 2)/ 18
= 81 cm
One parallel side is shorter than the second by 3 cm
Let the longer side be taken as x
Then, shorter side = x – 3
According to the question, we have
⇒ x + x – 3 = 81
2x = 81 + 3 = 84
x = 84/2 = 42
Hence, the longer side = 42 cm and shorter side = 42 – 3 = 39 cm

8. Find the area of the polygon given in the figure:

Solution:

In the given figure,

AC = 60 m, AH = 46 m, AF = 16 m, EF = 24 m, DH = 14 m, BG = 16 m
∴ FH = AH – AF = 46 – 16 = 30
And, HC = AC – AH = 60 – 46 = 14
In the figure, there are 3 triangles and one trapezium.
Now,
Area of ∆ABC = ½ AC × BG
= ½ × 60 × 16
= 480 m2
Area of ∆AEF = ½ AF × EF
= ½ × 16 × 24
= 192 m2
Area of ∆DHC = ½ HC × DH
= ½ × 14 × 14
= 98 m2
Area of trapezium EFHD = ½ (EF + DH) × FH
= ½ (24 + 14) × 30
= ½ × 38 × 30
= 570 m2
Therefore, total area of the figure = Area of ∆ABC + area ∆AEF + area ∆DHC + area trapezium EFHD
= 480 + 192 + 98 + 570
= 1340 m2

9. The diagonals of a rhombus are 16 m and 12 m, find:

(i) its area
(ii) length of a side
(iii) perimeter.
Solution:

Diagonals of a rhombus are d1 = 16 cm and d2 = 12 cm

(i) Area = (d1 × d2) / 2
= (16 × 12)/ 2
= 96 cm2
(ii) As the diagonals of rhombus bisect each other at right angles, we
have
AO = OC and BO = OD
AO = 16/2 = 8 cm and BO = 12/2 = 6 cm
Now, in right ∆AOB
AB2 = AO2 + BO2 [By Pythagoras Theorem]
= 82 + 6 2
= 64 + 36
= 100 = (10)2
∴ AB = 10 cm
Therefore, the side of rhombus = 10 cm

10. The area of a parallelogram is 98 cm2. If one altitude is half the corresponding base, determine
the base and the altitude of the parallelogram.
Solution:

Given,
Area of a parallelogram = 98 cm2
One altitude = Half of its corresponding base
Let’s consider the base as x cm
Then altitude = x/2 cm
So, area = Base × Altitude
⇒ 98 = x × (x/2
x2 = 98 × 2
= 196
= (14)2
∴ x = 14
Therefore, Base = 14 cm and altitude = = 7 cm

11. Preeti is painting the walls and ceiling of a hall whose dimensions are 18 m × 15 m × 5 m. From
each can of paint 120 m2 of area is painted. How many cans of paint does she need to paint the
hall?
Solution:

Given,
Length of a hall (l) = 18 m
Breadth (b) = 15m and
height (h) = 5 m
So,
Area of 4-wall and ceiling = 2(l + b)h + lb
= 2(18 + 15) × 5 + 18 × 15 m2
= 2 × 33 × 5 + 270
 = 330 + 270
= 600 m2
From 1 can an area of 120 m2 can be painted
Hence, total number of cans required to paint the area of 600 m2 = 600/120 = 5 cans

12. A rectangular paper is size 22 cm × 14 cm is rolled to form a cylinder of height 14 cm, find the
volume of the cylinder. (Take π = 22/7)
Solution:

Given,
Length of a rectangular paper = 22 cm and breadth = 14 cm
By rolling it a cylinder is formed whose height is 14 cm
And, circumference of the base = 22 cm
We know that, circumference = 2πr
So, radius (r) = C/2π = (22 × 7)/(2 × 22) = 7/2 cm
Hence,
Volume of the cylinder so formed = πr2h
= 22/7 × 7/2 × 7/2 × 14
= 539cm3

13. The lateral surface area of a cuboid is 224 cm2. Its height is 7 cm and the base is a square. Find
(i) side of the square base
(ii) the volume of the cuboid.
Solution:
Given,
Lateral surface area of a cuboid is 224 cm2
Height (h) = 7 cm
(i) 2(l + b) × h = 224
⇒ 2(l + b) × 7 = 224
l + b = 224/14 = 16 cm
But l = b [Since, the base of cuboid is a square]
So, 2 × side = 16 cm
⇒ Side = 16/2 = 8 cm

(ii) Volume of cuboid = lbh = 8 × 8 × 7 cm3 = 448 cm3

16. A car has a petrol tank 40 cm long, 28 cm wide and 25 cm deep. If the fuel consumption of the
car averages 13.5 km per litre, how far can the car travel with a full tank of petrol?
Solution:

Given,
Capacity of car tank = 40 cm × 28 cm × 25 cm = (40 × 28 × 25) cm3
= (40 × 28 × 25)/1000 litre [∵ 1000 cm3 = 1 litre]
Average fuel consumption of car = 13.5 km per litres
Then, the distance travelled by car is given by
= 14 × 27 km
= 378 km
Hence, the car can travel 378 km with a full tank of petrol.

17. The diameter of a garden roller is 1.4 m and it is 2 m long. How much area it will cover in 5
revolutions?
Solution:

Given,
Diameter of a garden roller = 1.4 m
So, its radius (r) = 1.4/2 = 0.7 m = 70 cm
and length (h) = 2m
Now, Curved surface area = 2πrh
= 2 × 22/7 × 70 × 200 cm2
= 88000 cm2
Hence, area covered in 5 revolutions = (88000 × 5)/10000 m2 = 44 m2

18. The capacity of an open cylindrical tank is 2079 m3 and the diameter of its base is 21m. Find
the cost of plastering its inner surface at ₹240 per square metre.
Solution:

Given, capacity of an open cylindrical tank = 2079 m3

Diameter of base = 21 m
So, radius (r) = 21/2 m
Let h be the height, then we have
πr2h = 2079
22/7 × 21/2 × 21/2 × h = 2079
h = (2079 × 2)/ (11 × 3 × 21) = 6 m
Now,
Curved Surface Area + Base area = 2πrh + πr2
 Hence, the cost of plastering the surface = ₹240× 742.5 = ₹178200

19. A solid right circular cylinder of height 1.21 m and diameter 28 cm is melted and recast into 7
equal solid cubes. Find the edge of each cube.
Solution:

Given,
Height of solid right circular cylinder = 1.21 m = 121 cm
and diameter = 28 cm
So, radius (r) = 28/2 = 14 cm
Now,
Volume of the metal used = πr2h
= 22/7 × 14 × 14 × 121 cm3
= 74536 cm3
Thus, the volume of 7 solid cubes = 74536 cm3
And, volume of 1 cube = 74536/7 = 10648 cm3

Hence, the edge of each cube is 22 cm.

20. (i) How many cubic metres of soil must be dug out to make a well 20 m deep and 2 m in
diameter?
(ii) If the inner curved surface of the well in part (i) above is to be plastered at the rate of ₹300 per
m2, find the cost of plastering.
Solution:

(i) Given,
Depth of a well (h) = 20 m
and diameter = 2 m
Radius (r) = 2/2 = 1 m
Volume of earth dug out = πr2h
= 22/7 × 1 × 1 × 20
= 440/7 m3
(ii) Inner curved surface area = 2πrh
= 2 × 22/7 × 1 × 20
= 880/7 m2

The cost of plastering at the rate of ₹50 per m2 = ₹ 880/7 × 300

0
= ₹ 44000/7
= ₹ 37714.28